@proceedings{ws-2019-bionlp,
    title = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5000/"
}
@inproceedings{newman-griffis-etal-2019-classifying,
    title = "Classifying the reported ability in clinical mobility descriptions",
    author = "Newman-Griffis, Denis  and
      Zirikly, Ayah  and
      Divita, Guy  and
      Desmet, Bart",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5001/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5001",
    pages = "1--10"
}
@inproceedings{yuwono-etal-2019-learning,
    title = "Learning from the Experience of Doctors: Automated Diagnosis of Appendicitis Based on Clinical Notes",
    author = "Yuwono, Steven Kester  and
      Ng, Hwee Tou  and
      Ngiam, Kee Yuan",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5002/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5002",
    pages = "11--19"
}
@inproceedings{soni-roberts-2019-paraphrase,
    title = "A Paraphrase Generation System for {EHR} Question Answering",
    author = "Soni, Sarvesh  and
      Roberts, Kirk",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5003/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5003",
    pages = "20--29"
}
@inproceedings{chauhan-etal-2019-reflex,
    title = "{RE}flex: Flexible Framework for Relation Extraction in Multiple Domains",
    author = "Chauhan, Geeticka  and
      McDermott, Matthew B.A.  and
      Szolovits, Peter",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5004/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5004",
    pages = "30--47"
}
@inproceedings{ormerod-etal-2019-analysing,
    title = "Analysing Representations of Memory Impairment in a Clinical Notes Classification Model",
    author = "Ormerod, Mark  and
      Mart{\'i}nez-del-Rinc{\'o}n, Jes{\'u}s  and
      Robertson, Neil  and
      McGuinness, Bernadette  and
      Devereux, Barry",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5005/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5005",
    pages = "48--57"
}
@inproceedings{peng-etal-2019-transfer,
    title = "Transfer Learning in Biomedical Natural Language Processing: An Evaluation of {BERT} and {ELM}o on Ten Benchmarking Datasets",
    author = "Peng, Yifan  and
      Yan, Shankai  and
      Lu, Zhiyong",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5006/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5006",
    pages = "58--65"
}
@inproceedings{apostolova-etal-2019-combining,
    title = "Combining Structured and Free-text Electronic Medical Record Data for Real-time Clinical Decision Support",
    author = "Apostolova, Emilia  and
      Wang, Tony  and
      Tschampel, Tim  and
      Koutroulis, Ioannis  and
      Velez, Tom",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5007/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5007",
    pages = "66--70"
}
@inproceedings{mitrofan-etal-2019-monero,
    title = "{M}o{NER}o: a Biomedical Gold Standard Corpus for the {R}omanian Language",
    author = "Mitrofan, Maria  and
      Barbu Mititelu, Verginica  and
      Mitrofan, Grigorina",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5008/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5008",
    pages = "71--79"
}
@inproceedings{rajagopal-etal-2019-domain,
    title = "Domain Adaptation of {SRL} Systems for Biological Processes",
    author = "Rajagopal, Dheeraj  and
      Vyas, Nidhi  and
      Siddhant, Aditya  and
      Rayasam, Anirudha  and
      Tandon, Niket  and
      Hovy, Eduard",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5009/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5009",
    pages = "80--87"
}
@inproceedings{jin-etal-2019-deep,
    title = "Deep Contextualized Biomedical Abbreviation Expansion",
    author = "Jin, Qiao  and
      Liu, Jinling  and
      Lu, Xinghua",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5010/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5010",
    pages = "88--96"
}
@inproceedings{pylieva-etal-2019-rnn,
    title = "{RNN} Embeddings for Identifying Difficult to Understand Medical Words",
    author = "Pylieva, Hanna  and
      Chernodub, Artem  and
      Grabar, Natalia  and
      Hamon, Thierry",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5011/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5011",
    pages = "97--104"
}
@inproceedings{norman-etal-2019-distantly,
    title = "A distantly supervised dataset for automated data extraction from diagnostic studies",
    author = "Norman, Christopher  and
      Leeflang, Mariska  and
      Spijker, Ren{\'e}  and
      Kanoulas, Evangelos  and
      N{\'e}v{\'e}ol, Aur{\'e}lie",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5012/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5012",
    pages = "105--114"
}
@inproceedings{bordea-etal-2019-query,
    title = "Query selection methods for automated corpora construction with a use case in food-drug interactions",
    author = "Bordea, Georgeta  and
      Randriatsitohaina, Tsanta  and
      Mougin, Fleur  and
      Grabar, Natalia  and
      Hamon, Thierry",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5013/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5013",
    pages = "115--124"
}
@inproceedings{chiu-etal-2019-enhancing,
    title = "Enhancing biomedical word embeddings by retrofitting to verb clusters",
    author = "Chiu, Billy  and
      Baker, Simon  and
      Palmer, Martha  and
      Korhonen, Anna",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5014/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5014",
    pages = "125--134"
}
@inproceedings{joshi-etal-2019-comparison,
    title = "A Comparison of Word-based and Context-based Representations for Classification Problems in Health Informatics",
    author = "Joshi, Aditya  and
      Karimi, Sarvnaz  and
      Sparks, Ross  and
      Paris, Cecile  and
      MacIntyre, C Raina",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5015/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5015",
    pages = "135--141"
}
@inproceedings{fauqueur-etal-2019-constructing,
    title = "Constructing large scale biomedical knowledge bases from scratch with rapid annotation of interpretable patterns",
    author = "Fauqueur, Julien  and
      Thillaisundaram, Ashok  and
      Togia, Theodosia",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5016/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5016",
    pages = "142--151"
}
@inproceedings{campillos-llanos-2019-first,
    title = "First Steps towards Building a Medical Lexicon for {S}panish with Linguistic and Semantic Information",
    author = "Campillos-Llanos, Leonardo",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5017/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5017",
    pages = "152--164"
}
@inproceedings{wang-mercer-2019-incorporating,
    title = "Incorporating Figure Captions and Descriptive Text in {M}e{SH} Term Indexing",
    author = "Wang, Xindi  and
      Mercer, Robert E.",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5018/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5018",
    pages = "165--175"
}
@inproceedings{khachatrian-etal-2019-biorelex,
    title = "{B}io{R}el{E}x 1.0: Biological Relation Extraction Benchmark",
    author = "Khachatrian, Hrant  and
      Nersisyan, Lilit  and
      Hambardzumyan, Karen  and
      Galstyan, Tigran  and
      Hakobyan, Anna  and
      Arakelyan, Arsen  and
      Rzhetsky, Andrey  and
      Galstyan, Aram",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5019/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5019",
    pages = "176--190"
}
@inproceedings{goodrum-etal-2019-extraction,
    title = "Extraction of Lactation Frames from Drug Labels and {L}act{M}ed",
    author = "Goodrum, Heath  and
      Gudala, Meghana  and
      Misra, Ankita  and
      Roberts, Kirk",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5020/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5020",
    pages = "191--200"
}
@inproceedings{viani-etal-2019-annotating,
    title = "Annotating Temporal Information in Clinical Notes for Timeline Reconstruction: Towards the Definition of Calendar Expressions",
    author = "Viani, Natalia  and
      Tissot, Hegler  and
      Bernardino, Ariane  and
      Velupillai, Sumithra",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5021/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5021",
    pages = "201--210"
}
@inproceedings{gron-etal-2019-leveraging,
    title = "Leveraging Sublanguage Features for the Semantic Categorization of Clinical Terms",
    author = {Gr{\"o}n, Leonie  and
      Bertels, Ann  and
      Heylen, Kris},
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5022/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5022",
    pages = "211--216"
}
@inproceedings{mezaoui-etal-2019-enhancing,
    title = "Enhancing {PIO} Element Detection in Medical Text Using Contextualized Embedding",
    author = "Mezaoui, Hichem  and
      Gunasekara, Isuru  and
      Gontcharov, Aleksandr",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5023/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5023",
    pages = "217--222"
}
@inproceedings{lopes-etal-2019-contributions,
    title = "Contributions to Clinical Named Entity Recognition in {P}ortuguese",
    author = "Lopes, F{\'a}bio  and
      Teixeira, C{\'e}sar  and
      Gon{\c{c}}alo Oliveira, Hugo",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5024/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5024",
    pages = "223--233"
}
@inproceedings{yan-etal-2019-character,
    title = "Can Character Embeddings Improve Cause-of-Death Classification for Verbal Autopsy Narratives?",
    author = "Yan, Zhaodong  and
      Jeblee, Serena  and
      Hirst, Graeme",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5025/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5025",
    pages = "234--239"
}
@inproceedings{wang-etal-2019-artificial,
    title = "Is artificial data useful for biomedical Natural Language Processing algorithms?",
    author = "Wang, Zixu  and
      Ive, Julia  and
      Velupillai, Sumithra  and
      Specia, Lucia",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5026/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5026",
    pages = "240--249"
}
@inproceedings{tian-etal-2019-chimed,
    title = "{C}hi{M}ed: A {C}hinese Medical Corpus for Question Answering",
    author = "Tian, Yuanhe  and
      Ma, Weicheng  and
      Xia, Fei  and
      Song, Yan",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5027/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5027",
    pages = "250--260"
}
@inproceedings{wiegreffe-etal-2019-clinical,
    title = "Clinical Concept Extraction for Document-Level Coding",
    author = "Wiegreffe, Sarah  and
      Choi, Edward  and
      Yan, Sherry  and
      Sun, Jimeng  and
      Eisenstein, Jacob",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5028/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5028",
    pages = "261--272"
}
@inproceedings{grouin-etal-2019-clinical,
    title = "Clinical Case Reports for {NLP}",
    author = "Grouin, Cyril  and
      Grabar, Natalia  and
      Claveau, Vincent  and
      Hamon, Thierry",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5029/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5029",
    pages = "273--282"
}
@inproceedings{liu-etal-2019-two,
    title = "Two-stage Federated Phenotyping and Patient Representation Learning",
    author = "Liu, Dianbo  and
      Dligach, Dmitriy  and
      Miller, Timothy",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5030/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5030",
    pages = "283--291"
}
@inproceedings{kyriakakis-etal-2019-transfer,
    title = "Transfer Learning for Causal Sentence Detection",
    author = "Kyriakakis, Manolis  and
      Androutsopoulos, Ion  and
      Saudabayev, Artur  and
      Gin{\'e}s i Ametll{\'e}, Joan",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5031/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5031",
    pages = "292--297"
}
@inproceedings{kotitsas-etal-2019-embedding,
    title = "Embedding Biomedical Ontologies by Jointly Encoding Network Structure and Textual Node Descriptors",
    author = "Kotitsas, Sotiris  and
      Pappas, Dimitris  and
      Androutsopoulos, Ion  and
      McDonald, Ryan  and
      Apidianaki, Marianna",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5032/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5032",
    pages = "298--308"
}
@inproceedings{koptient-etal-2019-simplification,
    title = "Simplification-induced transformations: typology and some characteristics",
    author = {Koptient, Ana{\"i}s  and
      Cardon, R{\'e}mi  and
      Grabar, Natalia},
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5033/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5033",
    pages = "309--318"
}
@inproceedings{neumann-etal-2019-scispacy,
    title = "{S}cispa{C}y: Fast and Robust Models for Biomedical Natural Language Processing",
    author = "Neumann, Mark  and
      King, Daniel  and
      Beltagy, Iz  and
      Ammar, Waleed",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5034/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5034",
    pages = "319--327"
}
@inproceedings{zhai-etal-2019-improving,
    title = "Improving Chemical Named Entity Recognition in Patents with Contextualized Word Embeddings",
    author = "Zhai, Zenan  and
      Nguyen, Dat Quoc  and
      Akhondi, Saber  and
      Thorne, Camilo  and
      Druckenbrodt, Christian  and
      Cohn, Trevor  and
      Gregory, Michelle  and
      Verspoor, Karin",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5035/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5035",
    pages = "328--338"
}
@inproceedings{alhuzali-ananiadou-2019-improving,
    title = "Improving classification of Adverse Drug Reactions through Using Sentiment Analysis and Transfer Learning",
    author = "Alhuzali, Hassan  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5036/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5036",
    pages = "339--347"
}
@inproceedings{vashisth-etal-2019-exploring,
    title = "Exploring Diachronic Changes of Biomedical Knowledge using Distributed Concept Representations",
    author = "Vashisth, Gaurav  and
      Voigt-Antons, Jan-Niklas  and
      Mikhailov, Michael  and
      Roller, Roland",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5037/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5037",
    pages = "348--358"
}
@inproceedings{koroleva-paroubek-2019-extracting,
    title = "Extracting relations between outcomes and significance levels in Randomized Controlled Trials ({RCT}s) publications",
    author = "Koroleva, Anna  and
      Paroubek, Patrick",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5038/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5038",
    pages = "359--369"
}
@inproceedings{ben-abacha-etal-2019-overview,
    title = "Overview of the {MEDIQA} 2019 Shared Task on Textual Inference, Question Entailment and Question Answering",
    author = "Ben Abacha, Asma  and
      Shivade, Chaitanya  and
      Demner-Fushman, Dina",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5039/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5039",
    pages = "370--379"
}
@inproceedings{zhu-etal-2019-panlp,
    title = "{PANLP} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Pre-trained Language Models, Transfer Learning and Knowledge Distillation",
    author = "Zhu, Wei  and
      Zhou, Xiaofeng  and
      Wang, Keqiang  and
      Luo, Xun  and
      Li, Xiepeng  and
      Ni, Yuan  and
      Xie, Guotong",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5040/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5040",
    pages = "380--388"
}
@inproceedings{pugaliya-etal-2019-pentagon,
    title = "Pentagon at {MEDIQA} 2019: Multi-task Learning for Filtering and Re-ranking Answers using Language Inference and Question Entailment",
    author = "Pugaliya, Hemant  and
      Saxena, Karan  and
      Garg, Shefali  and
      Shalini, Sheetal  and
      Gupta, Prashant  and
      Nyberg, Eric  and
      Mitamura, Teruko",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5041/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5041",
    pages = "389--398"
}
@inproceedings{xu-etal-2019-doubletransfer,
    title = "{D}ouble{T}ransfer at {MEDIQA} 2019: Multi-Source Transfer Learning for Natural Language Understanding in the Medical Domain",
    author = "Xu, Yichong  and
      Liu, Xiaodong  and
      Li, Chunyuan  and
      Poon, Hoifung  and
      Gao, Jianfeng",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5042/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5042",
    pages = "399--405"
}
@inproceedings{nam-etal-2019-surf,
    title = "Surf at {MEDIQA} 2019: Improving Performance of Natural Language Inference in the Clinical Domain by Adopting Pre-trained Language Model",
    author = "Nam, Jiin  and
      Yoon, Seunghyun  and
      Jung, Kyomin",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5043/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5043",
    pages = "406--414"
}
@inproceedings{wu-etal-2019-wtmed,
    title = "{WTMED} at {MEDIQA} 2019: A Hybrid Approach to Biomedical Natural Language Inference",
    author = "Wu, Zhaofeng  and
      Song, Yan  and
      Huang, Sicong  and
      Tian, Yuanhe  and
      Xia, Fei",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5044/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5044",
    pages = "415--426"
}
@inproceedings{cengiz-etal-2019-ku,
    title = "{KU}{\_}ai at {MEDIQA} 2019: Domain-specific Pre-training and Transfer Learning for Medical {NLI}",
    author = "Cengiz, Cemil  and
      Sert, Ula{\c{s}}  and
      Yuret, Deniz",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5045/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5045",
    pages = "427--436"
}
@inproceedings{zhou-etal-2019-dut,
    title = "{DUT}-{NLP} at {MEDIQA} 2019: An Adversarial Multi-Task Network to Jointly Model Recognizing Question Entailment and Question Answering",
    author = "Zhou, Huiwei  and
      Li, Xuefei  and
      Yao, Weihong  and
      Lang, Chengkun  and
      Ning, Shixian",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5046/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5046",
    pages = "437--445"
}
@inproceedings{zhou-etal-2019-dut-bim,
    title = "{DUT}-{BIM} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Utilizing Transformer Network and Medical Domain-Specific Contextualized Representations for Question Answering",
    author = "Zhou, Huiwei  and
      Lei, Bizun  and
      Liu, Zhe  and
      Liu, Zhuang",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5047/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5047",
    pages = "446--452"
}
@inproceedings{bannihatti-kumar-etal-2019-dr,
    title = "{D}r.{Q}uad at {MEDIQA} 2019: Towards Textual Inference and Question Entailment using contextualized representations",
    author = "Bannihatti Kumar, Vinayshekhar  and
      Srinivasan, Ashwin  and
      Chaudhary, Aditi  and
      Route, James  and
      Mitamura, Teruko  and
      Nyberg, Eric",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5048/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5048",
    pages = "453--461"
}
@inproceedings{bhaskar-etal-2019-sieg,
    title = "Sieg at {MEDIQA} 2019: Multi-task Neural Ensemble for Biomedical Inference and Entailment",
    author = "Bhaskar, Sai Abishek  and
      Rungta, Rashi  and
      Route, James  and
      Nyberg, Eric  and
      Mitamura, Teruko",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5049/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5049",
    pages = "462--470"
}
@inproceedings{sharma-roychowdhury-2019-iit-kgp,
    title = "{IIT}-{KGP} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Recognizing Question Entailment using Sci-{BERT} stacked with a Gradient Boosting Classifier",
    author = "Sharma, Prakhar  and
      Roychowdhury, Sumegh",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5050/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5050",
    pages = "471--477"
}
@inproceedings{nguyen-etal-2019-anu,
    title = "{ANU}-{CSIRO} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Question Answering Using Deep Contextual Knowledge",
    author = "Nguyen, Vincent  and
      Karimi, Sarvnaz  and
      Xing, Zhenchang",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5051/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5051",
    pages = "478--487"
}
@inproceedings{chopra-etal-2019-msit,
    title = "{MSIT}{\_}{SRIB} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Knowledge Directed Multi-task Framework for Natural Language Inference in Clinical Domain.",
    author = "Chopra, Sahil  and
      Gupta, Ankita  and
      Kaushik, Anupama",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5052/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5052",
    pages = "488--492"
}
@inproceedings{tawfik-spruit-2019-uu,
    title = "{UU}{\_}{TAILS} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Learning Textual Entailment in the Medical Domain",
    author = "Tawfik, Noha  and
      Spruit, Marco",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5053/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5053",
    pages = "493--499"
}
@inproceedings{kearns-etal-2019-uw,
    title = "{UW}-{BHI} at {MEDIQA} 2019: An Analysis of Representation Methods for Medical Natural Language Inference",
    author = "Kearns, William  and
      Lau, Wilson  and
      Thomas, Jason",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5054/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5054",
    pages = "500--509"
}
@inproceedings{kanakarajan-etal-2019-saama,
    title = "Saama Research at {MEDIQA} 2019: Pre-trained {B}io{BERT} with Attention Visualisation for Medical Natural Language Inference",
    author = "Kanakarajan, Kamal raj  and
      Ramamoorthy, Suriyadeepan  and
      Archana, Vaidheeswaran  and
      Chatterjee, Soham  and
      Sankarasubbu, Malaikannan",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5055/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5055",
    pages = "510--516"
}
@inproceedings{bandyopadhyay-etal-2019-iitp,
    title = "{IITP} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Systems Report for Natural Language Inference, Question Entailment and Question Answering",
    author = "Bandyopadhyay, Dibyanayan  and
      Gain, Baban  and
      Saikh, Tanik  and
      Ekbal, Asif",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5056/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5056",
    pages = "517--522"
}
@inproceedings{lamurias-couto-2019-lasigebiotm,
    title = "{L}asige{B}io{TM} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Biomedical Question Answering using Bidirectional Transformers and Named Entity Recognition",
    author = "Lamurias, Andre  and
      Couto, Francisco M",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5057/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5057",
    pages = "523--527"
}
@inproceedings{lee-etal-2019-ncuee,
    title = "{NCUEE} at {MEDIQA} 2019: Medical Text Inference Using Ensemble {BERT}-{B}i{LSTM}-Attention Model",
    author = "Lee, Lung-Hao  and
      Lu, Yi  and
      Chen, Po-Han  and
      Lee, Po-Lei  and
      Shyu, Kuo-Kai",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5058/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5058",
    pages = "528--532"
}
@inproceedings{agrawal-etal-2019-ars,
    title = "{ARS}{\_}{NITK} at {MEDIQA} 2019:Analysing Various Methods for Natural Language Inference, Recognising Question Entailment and Medical Question Answering System",
    author = "Agrawal, Anumeha  and
      Anil George, Rosa  and
      Ravi, Selvan Suntiha  and
      Kamath S, Sowmya  and
      Kumar, Anand",
    editor = "Demner-Fushman, Dina  and
      Cohen, Kevin Bretonnel  and
      Ananiadou, Sophia  and
      Tsujii, Junichi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th BioNLP Workshop and Shared Task",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/volume-fixes/W19-5059/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-5059",
    pages = "533--540"
}