[
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] one or more of Ecolab's customers were to experience a disastrous outcome [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm's reputation could suffer and it could lose multiple customers",
    "input": "If one or more of Ecolab's customers were to experience a disastrous outcome, the firm's reputation could suffer and it could lose multiple customers as a result.",
    "output": "[Cause] one or more of Ecolab's customers were to experience a disastrous outcome [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm's reputation could suffer and it could lose multiple customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Steadily rising Internet access pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] Altice USA can maintain revenue per customer and cash flow",
    "input": "Steadily rising Internet access pricing is a key element of our belief that Altice USA can maintain revenue per customer and cash flow as fewer customers take television and telephone services.",
    "output": "[Cause] fewer customers take television and telephone services [Relation] cause [Effect] Altice USA can maintain revenue per customer and cash flow",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] fewer customers take television and telephone services [Relation] cause [Effect] Steadily rising Internet access pricing",
    "input": "Steadily rising Internet access pricing is a key element of our belief that Altice USA can maintain revenue per customer and cash flow as fewer customers take television and telephone services.",
    "output": "[Cause] fewer customers take television and telephone services [Relation] cause [Effect] Altice USA can maintain revenue per customer and cash flow",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] efficiency gains via digitalization and scale [Relation] cause [Effect] achieve slow margin improvement",
    "input": "In the other European countries, we expect the firm to drive fixed and mobile convergence, with a positive effect on growth and churn rates, and achieve slow margin improvement thanks to efficiency gains via digitalization and scale.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm to drive fixed and mobile convergence [Relation] enable [Effect] churn rates",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the firm to drive fixed and mobile convergence [Relation] cause [Effect] a positive effect on growth and churn rates",
    "input": "In the other European countries, we expect the firm to drive fixed and mobile convergence, with a positive effect on growth and churn rates, and achieve slow margin improvement thanks to efficiency gains via digitalization and scale.",
    "output": "[Cause] a positive effect on growth and churn rates [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm to drive fixed and mobile convergence",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it grows in segments outside its core competency (such as media and market analysis for outside clients) [Relation] cause [Effect] Kroger's efforts to monetize its consumer data introduces risk",
    "input": "Kroger's efforts to monetize its consumer data introduces risk as it grows in segments outside its core competency (such as media and market analysis for outside clients).",
    "output": "[Cause] it grows in segments outside its core competency (such as media and market analysis for outside clients) [Relation] cause [Effect] Kroger's efforts to monetize its consumer data introduces risk",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Illinois's early plans for recreational legalization would hand an advantage to companies with medical cultivation and dispensary licenses [Relation] cause [Effect] this could Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Genericbe possible",
    "input": "History suggests this could Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Genericbe possible, as Illinois's early plans for recreational legalization would hand an advantage to companies with medical cultivation and dispensary licenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] Illinois's early plans for recreational legalization [Relation] enable [Effect] hand an advantage to companies with medical cultivation and dispensary licenses",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  data center growth, necessary upgrades to aging infrastructure, and the eventual commercial aerospace recovery [Relation] cause [Effect]  we're most bullish on its electrical sector and its aerospace business",
    "input": "Of all Eaton's businesses, we're most bullish on its electrical sector and its aerospace business given data center growth, necessary upgrades to aging infrastructure, and the eventual commercial aerospace recovery.",
    "output": "[Cause] data center growth, necessary upgrades to aging infrastructure, and the eventual commercial aerospace recovery [Relation] cause [Effect] we're most bullish on its electrical sector and its aerospace business",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it has lost customers and other carriers have gained [Relation] cause [Effect] Vivo has steadily lost market share in the broadband Internet access market",
    "input": "Despite this position, Vivo has steadily lost market share in the broadband Internet access market, both as it has lost customers and other carriers have gained.",
    "output": "[Cause] it has lost customers and other carriers have gained [Relation] cause [Effect] Vivo has steadily lost market share in the broadband Internet access market",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] as Carnival only operated sailings through March 2020, rendering the 2020 metric unusable. [Relation] cause [Effect] We used 2019 as a reference point,",
    "input": "We used 2019 as a reference point, as Carnival only operated sailings through March 2020, rendering the 2020 metric unusable.",
    "output": "[Cause] Carnival only operated sailings through March 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] the 2020 metric unusable",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the dollar and euro trend widely versus the Canadian dollar (BRP's home currency) [Relation] cause [Effect] Foreign exchange exposure could prove unpredictable",
    "input": "Foreign exchange exposure could prove unpredictable as the firm grows internationally, if the dollar and euro trend widely versus the Canadian dollar (BRP's home currency).",
    "output": "[Cause] the dollar and euro trend widely versus the Canadian dollar (BRP's home currency) [Relation] cause [Effect] Foreign exchange exposure could prove unpredictable",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the introduction of competing products by others [Relation] prevent [Effect] it has continued to grow and improve margins",
    "input": "We think Lululemon protects the integrity of its brand by selling only high-quality apparel and it has continued to grow and improve margins despite the introduction of competing products by others.",
    "output": "[Cause] selling only high-quality apparel [Relation] enable [Effect] protects the integrity of its brand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] selling only high-quality apparel [Relation] enable [Effect]  Lululemon protects the integrity of its brand",
    "input": "We think Lululemon protects the integrity of its brand by selling only high-quality apparel and it has continued to grow and improve margins despite the introduction of competing products by others.",
    "output": "[Cause] the introduction of competing products by others [Relation] cause [Effect] it has continued to grow and improve margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a flight to quality for renewals takes hold [Relation] enable [Effect] In times of crises a AAA or AA rating is imperative within reinsurance",
    "input": "In times of crises a AAA or AA rating is imperative within reinsurance as a flight to quality for renewals takes hold.",
    "output": "[Cause] a flight to quality for renewals takes hold [Relation] cause [Effect] In times of crises a AAA or AA rating is imperative within reinsurance",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] leading volumes [Relation] enable [Effect] more effectively leverage fixed costs",
    "input": "Coca-Cola Femsa typifies this dynamic through its leading volumes, which allow it to more effectively leverage fixed costs and reduce variable costs per unit through purchasing scale.",
    "output": "[Cause] Coca-Cola Femsa typifies this dynamic [Relation] enable [Effect] allow it to more effectively leverage fixed costs and reduce variable costs per unit through purchasing scale",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] purchasing scale [Relation] enable [Effect] reduce variable costs per unit",
    "input": "Coca-Cola Femsa typifies this dynamic through its leading volumes, which allow it to more effectively leverage fixed costs and reduce variable costs per unit through purchasing scale.",
    "output": "[Cause] its leading volumes [Relation] enable [Effect] it to more effectively leverage fixed costs and reduce variable costs per unit through purchasing scale",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The creation of brand-driven intangible assets [Relation] enable [Effect] cannabis companies establish pricing power and generate economic profits",
    "input": "Brand Intangible Assets:The creation of brand-driven intangible assets could help cannabis companies establish pricing power and generate economic profits.",
    "output": "[Cause] The creation of brand-driven intangible assets [Relation] enable [Effect] cannabis companies establish pricing power and generate economic profits",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] earnings base toward fees [Relation] enable [Effect] fee-based income makes up nearly 80% of earnings from around 40% in 2010",
    "input": "The firm has made improvements in terms of shifting the earnings base toward fees, as now when including hedging, fee-based income makes up nearly 80% of earnings from around 40% in 2010.",
    "output": "[Cause] now when including hedging, fee-based income makes up nearly 80% of earnings from around 40% in 2010 [Relation] enable [Effect] The firm has made improvements in terms of shifting the earnings base toward fees",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the potential for rising interest rates [Relation] prevent [Effect]  squeeze the company's spread and its ability to create value",
    "input": "However, increased competition has lowered cap rates, and the potential for rising interest rates could squeeze the company's spread and its ability to create value.",
    "output": "[Cause] the potential for rising interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] squeeze the company's spread and its ability to create value",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company also operates metal recycling and steel fabrication operations that fairly consistently exhibit low-single-digit operating margins through the business cycle [Relation] cause [Effect] Although this compares unfavorably with margins commanded by its closest competitors, CMC's profitability is much less susceptible to volatile swings",
    "input": "Although this compares unfavorably with margins commanded by its closest competitors, CMC's profitability is much less susceptible to volatile swings. This is largely because the company also operates metal recycling and steel fabrication operations that fairly consistently exhibit low-single-digit operating margins through the business cycle.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company also operates metal recycling and steel fabrication operations that fairly consistently exhibit low-single-digit operating margins through the business cycle [Relation] cause [Effect] Although this compares unfavorably with margins commanded by its closest competitors, CMC's profitability is much less susceptible to volatile swings",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the recessionary backdrop [Relation] cause [Effect] these pressures",
    "input": "Compounding these pressures is the recessionary backdrop that could weaken to the extent unemployment rates surge and additional stimulus fails to materialize, with the prime point of uncertainty being how long this situation persists.",
    "output": "[Cause] the recessionary backdrop [Relation] prevent [Effect] unemployment rates surge",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] data demand in these markets [Relation] enable [Effect] narrows the gap with more developed markets",
    "input": "International organic revenue growth has has averaged about 10% annually over the last five years, and we project more than 9% growth on existing towers each of the next five years as well, as data demand in these markets narrows the gap with more developed markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] data demand in these markets narrows the gap with more developed markets [Relation] cause [Effect] International organic revenue growth has has averaged about 10% annually over the last five years, and we project more than 9% growth on existing towers each of the next five years as well",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] BBVA's geographical diversification and its retail and commercial focus offsets some of the risk that comes with BBVA's geographical tilt toward more volatile emerging markets [Relation] cause [Effect] We do not believe that this superior profitability comes with substantially higher risks",
    "input": "We do not believe that this superior profitability comes with substantially higher risks, as BBVA's geographical diversification and its retail and commercial focus offsets some of the risk that comes with BBVA's geographical tilt toward more volatile emerging markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] BBVA's geographical diversification and its retail and commercial focus offsets some of the risk that comes with BBVA's geographical tilt toward more volatile emerging markets [Relation] cause [Effect] We do not believe that this superior profitability comes with substantially higher risks",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] underinvestment [Relation] cause [Effect]  Alcon is in turnaround mode",
    "input": "Despite a strong market position, Alcon is in turnaround mode following years of underinvestment as a Novartis subsidiary, though the firm is slowly finding its footing as a standalone company.",
    "output": "[Cause] a strong market position [Relation] cause [Effect] Alcon is in turnaround mode",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The strong intangible brand asset [Relation] cause [Effect] worldwide Barbie sales rising 29%, Hot Wheels increasing 7%, and American Girl falling just 1%",
    "input": "The strong intangible brand asset led to worldwide Barbie sales rising 29%, Hot Wheels increasing 7%, and American Girl falling just 1%.",
    "output": "[Cause] The strong intangible brand asset [Relation] cause [Effect] worldwide Barbie sales rising 29%, Hot Wheels increasing 7%, and American Girl falling just 1%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] changes in crush margin and capacity utilization [Relation] cause [Effect] quarterly fluctuations",
    "input": "We expect fairly consistent results in soybean processing over the long run despite quarterly fluctuations caused by changes in crush margin and capacity utilization.",
    "output": "[Cause] changes in crush margin and capacity utilization [Relation] cause [Effect] quarterly fluctuations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] investments into identified growth areas, such as the midmarket tool-cutting market, to be met with greater competition [Relation] cause [Effect] lower margins than some of Sandvik's high-margin-generating core businesses",
    "input": "We expect investments into identified growth areas, such as the midmarket tool-cutting market, to be met with greater competition and thus lower margins than some of Sandvik's high-margin-generating core businesses.",
    "output": "[Cause] investments into identified growth areas, such as the midmarket tool-cutting market, to be met with greater competition [Relation] cause [Effect] lower margins than some of Sandvik's high-margin-generating core businesses",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A period of low economic growth [Relation] cause [Effect] fewer organic growth opportunities for companies",
    "input": "A period of low economic growth could coincide with fewer organic growth opportunities for companies, leading them to try growing via acquisition, but this type of M&A activity probably won't be enough to prevent lackluster earnings.",
    "output": "[Cause] A period of low economic growth [Relation] cause [Effect] fewer organic growth opportunities for companies",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] fewer organic growth opportunities for companies [Relation] cause [Effect] leading them to try growing via acquisition",
    "input": "A period of low economic growth could coincide with fewer organic growth opportunities for companies, leading them to try growing via acquisition, but this type of M&A activity probably won't be enough to prevent lackluster earnings.",
    "output": "[Cause] this type of M&A activity [Relation] cause [Effect] prevent lackluster earnings",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] leading them to try growing via acquisition [Relation] prevent [Effect] lackluster earnings",
    "input": "A period of low economic growth could coincide with fewer organic growth opportunities for companies, leading them to try growing via acquisition, but this type of M&A activity probably won't be enough to prevent lackluster earnings.",
    "output": "[Cause] A period of low economic growth [Relation] cause [Effect] them to try growing via acquisition",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Down time alone can be harmful and expensive [Relation] cause [Effect] firms often have to engage in mirroring to mitigate it",
    "input": "Down time alone can be harmful and expensive, and firms often have to engage in mirroring to mitigate it, which is itself costly.",
    "output": "[Cause] Down time alone [Relation] cause [Effect] harmful and expensive",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Tillage equipment used in field preparation [Relation] enable [Effect] utilize guidance systems to reduce overlap in each machine pass, collect data on field conditions (satellite mapping), and be flexible enough to adjust depth and down pressure maneuvers",
    "input": "Tillage equipment used in field preparation can utilize guidance systems to reduce overlap in each machine pass, collect data on field conditions (satellite mapping), and be flexible enough to adjust depth and down pressure maneuvers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Tillage equipment used in field preparation [Relation] enable [Effect] utilize guidance systems to reduce overlap in each machine pass, collect data on field conditions (satellite mapping), and be flexible enough to adjust depth and down pressure maneuvers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] residential replacement costs are low compared with commercial systems [Relation] cause [Effect] We don't believe that the switching cost advantage in commercial HVAC extends to the residential HVAC market",
    "input": "We don't believe that the switching cost advantage in commercial HVAC extends to the residential HVAC market because residential replacement costs are low compared with commercial systems.",
    "output": "[Cause] residential replacement costs are low compared with commercial systems [Relation] cause [Effect] We don't believe that the switching cost advantage in commercial HVAC extends to the residential HVAC market",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company already in turnaround mode [Relation] cause [Effect] the coronavirus pandemic will prolong the process",
    "input": "With the company already in turnaround mode, the coronavirus pandemic will prolong the process, detouring any improvement in execution through the rough roads of margin contraction on negative operating leverage from lower volume.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company already in turnaround mode [Relation] cause [Effect] the coronavirus pandemic will prolong the process",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the coronavirus pandemic [Relation] prevent [Effect] the company already in turnaround mode",
    "input": "With the company already in turnaround mode, the coronavirus pandemic will prolong the process, detouring any improvement in execution through the rough roads of margin contraction on negative operating leverage from lower volume.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company already in turnaround mode [Relation] cause [Effect] detouring any improvement in execution through the rough roads of margin contraction on negative operating leverage from lower volume",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the rough roads of margin contraction on negative operating leverage from lower volume [Relation] enable [Effect] detouring any improvement in execution",
    "input": "With the company already in turnaround mode, the coronavirus pandemic will prolong the process, detouring any improvement in execution through the rough roads of margin contraction on negative operating leverage from lower volume.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company already in turnaround mode [Relation] cause [Effect] detouring any improvement in execution through the rough roads of margin contraction",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] growth in the firm's daily active users, or DAUs, user engagement, overall online advertising spending, and an increasing allocation of online ad dollars toward mobile and social network ads [Relation] cause [Effect] Snap's revenue growth",
    "input": "Snap's revenue growth will be driven primarily by growth in the firm's daily active users, or DAUs, user engagement, overall online advertising spending, and an increasing allocation of online ad dollars toward mobile and social network ads.",
    "output": "[Cause] growth in the firm's daily active users, or DAUs, user engagement, overall online advertising spending, and an increasing allocation of online ad dollars toward mobile and social network ads [Relation] enable [Effect] Snap's revenue growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] sales decline to $3.2 billion from $3.4 billion [Relation] cause [Effect] the number of Gap Global stores worldwide will fall to 696 in 2030 from 1,013 at the end of 2020",
    "input": "We anticipate the number of Gap Global stores worldwide will fall to 696 in 2030 from 1,013 at the end of 2020 as sales decline to $3.2 billion from $3.4 billion.",
    "output": "[Cause] sales decline to $3.2 billion from $3.4 billion [Relation] cause [Effect] the number of Gap Global stores worldwide will fall to 696 in 2030 from 1,013 at the end of 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Pegasystems' platform has evolved to be a comprehensive no-code application development platform [Relation] enable [Effect] American Express to expand its use of the software for other situations",
    "input": "Since then, Pegasystems' platform has evolved to be a comprehensive no-code application development platform, which has allowed American Express to expand its use of the software for other situations.",
    "output": "[Cause] Pegasystems' platform has evolved to be a comprehensive no-code application development platform [Relation] enable [Effect] American Express to expand its use of the software for other situations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] streamlining operations and revenue growth [Relation] cause [Effect] Adjusted operating margins rose from 34% in 2013 to 50% in 2019",
    "input": "Adjusted operating margins rose from 34% in 2013 to 50% in 2019 and we'd attribute the gain to streamlining operations and revenue growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] Adjusted operating margins rose from 34% in 2013 to 50% in 2019 [Relation] cause [Effect] streamlining operations and revenue growth",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Fee revenue is sensitive to equity market valuations [Relation] enable [Effect]  the equity market rebound is a positive for State Street",
    "input": "Fee revenue is sensitive to equity market valuations, and as such the equity market rebound is a positive for State Street.",
    "output": "[Cause] Fee revenue is sensitive to equity market valuations [Relation] cause [Effect] the equity market rebound is a positive for State Street",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm gained or maintained share in all five of its global platforms [Relation] enable [Effect]  its brands continue to command price premiums",
    "input": "In fiscal 2021, the firm gained or maintained share in all five of its global platforms and its brands continue to command price premiums.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm gained or maintained share in all five of its global platforms [Relation] cause [Effect] its brands continue to command price premiums",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the largest players benefiting primarily from scale-driven cost advantages over smaller competitors [Relation] cause [Effect] The North American industrial distribution market is highly fragmented",
    "input": "The North American industrial distribution market is highly fragmented, with the largest players benefiting primarily from scale-driven cost advantages over smaller competitors.",
    "output": "[Cause] The North American industrial distribution market is highly fragmented [Relation] cause [Effect] the largest players benefiting primarily from scale-driven cost advantages over smaller competitors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company's Fine Hotels + Resort program offers a hotel booking service on American Express' website and mobile app that gives the company's premium cardholders discounts on hotel rooms and other special benefits, but the service only lists hotels that have agreed to be part of American Express' platform [Relation] cause [Effect]  creates a network effect as the value for a hotel chain to join the platform is tied to the number of users, while the value provided to the users is tied to the number of hotels on the platform",
    "input": "For example, the company's Fine Hotels + Resort program offers a hotel booking service on American Express' website and mobile app that gives the company's premium cardholders discounts on hotel rooms and other special benefits, but the service only lists hotels that have agreed to be part of American Express' platform. This creates a network effect as the value for a hotel chain to join the platform is tied to the number of users, while the value provided to the users is tied to the number of hotels on the platform.",
    "output": "[Cause] the value for a hotel chain to join the platform is tied to the number of users, while the value provided to the users is tied to the number of hotels on the platform [Relation] cause [Effect] the company's Fine Hotels + Resort program offers a hotel booking service on American Express' website and mobile app that gives the company's premium cardholders discounts on hotel rooms and other special benefits, but the service only lists hotels that have agreed to be part of American Express' platform",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] continuing declines in voice revenue become less impactful and BCE's fiber-to-the-home, or FTTH, buildout and higher network quality dominate the segment and propel the firm to further share gains [Relation] enable [Effect] wireline revenue growth to steadily accelerate throughout our forecast, to almost 3% by 2025",
    "input": "We expect wireline revenue growth to steadily accelerate throughout our forecast, to almost 3% by 2025, as continuing declines in voice revenue become less impactful and BCE's fiber-to-the-home, or FTTH, buildout and higher network quality dominate the segment and propel the firm to further share gains.",
    "output": "[Cause] continuing declines in voice revenue become less impactful and BCE's fiber-to-the-home, or FTTH, buildout and higher network quality dominate the segment and propel the firm to further share gains [Relation] cause [Effect] wireline revenue growth to steadily accelerate throughout our forecast, to almost 3% by 2025",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] using Tier 1 rigs [Relation] enable [Effect] Productivity can be additionally enhanced",
    "input": "Productivity can be additionally enhanced by using Tier 1 rigs, but the ingredients that make a rig Tier 1 lie in higher-quality equipment, which is widely available to most land drillers.",
    "output": "[Cause] using Tier 1 rigs [Relation] enable [Effect] Productivity can be additionally enhanced",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the transition from plastic to eco-friendly materials will result in modestly higher cost of goods sold [Relation] cause [Effect] The firm's ongoing shift to eco-friendly packaging is worth monitoring",
    "input": "The firm's ongoing shift to eco-friendly packaging is worth monitoring--as the transition from plastic to eco-friendly materials will result in modestly higher cost of goods sold.",
    "output": "[Cause] the transition from plastic to eco-friendly materials [Relation] cause [Effect] modestly higher cost of goods sold",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a revolutionary leap in battery technology [Relation] enable [Effect] adoption of electric powertrains for heavy vehicles could accelerate rapidly",
    "input": "In the event of a revolutionary leap in battery technology, adoption of electric powertrains for heavy vehicles could accelerate rapidly.",
    "output": "[Cause] a revolutionary leap in battery technology [Relation] enable [Effect] adoption of electric powertrains for heavy vehicles could accelerate rapidly",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] switching costs in the Canadian system being driven by a tightly regulated oligopolistic market structure [Relation] enable [Effect] stabilizing product pricing and giving customers less incentive to switch banks",
    "input": "We see switching costs in the Canadian system being driven by a tightly regulated oligopolistic market structure, which limits excess competition, therefore stabilizing product pricing and giving customers less incentive to switch banks.",
    "output": "[Cause] switching costs in the Canadian system being driven by a tightly regulated oligopolistic market structure [Relation] cause [Effect] stabilizing product pricing and giving customers less incentive to switch banks",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] price [Relation] cause [Effect] their purchasing decision",
    "input": "Furthermore, for products such as these with minimal differentiation across brands, consumers base their purchasing decision to a greater extent on price, rather than brand.",
    "output": "[Cause] these with minimal differentiation across brands [Relation] cause [Effect] consumers base their purchasing decision to a greater extent on price",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] products such as these with minimal differentiation across brands [Relation] cause [Effect] consumers base their purchasing decision to a greater extent on price, rather than brand.",
    "input": "Furthermore, for products such as these with minimal differentiation across brands, consumers base their purchasing decision to a greater extent on price, rather than brand.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumers base their purchasing decision to a greater extent [Relation] cause [Effect] these with minimal differentiation across brands",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Core Lab has no interest in collecting cores [Relation] cause [Effect] only in analyzing them",
    "input": "Given that Core Lab has no interest in collecting cores, only in analyzing them, a product like CoreVault could only be positive for Core Lab.",
    "output": "[Cause] Core Lab has no interest in collecting cores, only in analyzing them [Relation] cause [Effect] a product like CoreVault could only be positive for Core Lab",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] New use cases [Relation] enable [Effect] Amphenol to sell new, higher-priced items into an end product alongside its incumbent positions",
    "input": "New use cases allow Amphenol to sell new, higher-priced items into an end product alongside its incumbent positions, growing the firm's overall dollar content.",
    "output": "[Cause] New use cases [Relation] enable [Effect] Amphenol to sell new, higher-priced items into an end product alongside its incumbent positions",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Amphenol to sell new, higher-priced items into an end product alongside its incumbent positions [Relation] enable [Effect] growing the firm's overall dollar content",
    "input": "New use cases allow Amphenol to sell new, higher-priced items into an end product alongside its incumbent positions, growing the firm's overall dollar content.",
    "output": "[Cause] New use cases [Relation] enable [Effect] growing the firm's overall dollar content",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Echo can usually procure capacity at lower rates than small and midsize shippers could obtain directly with carriers [Relation] enable [Effect] providing customers with material cost savings",
    "input": "Thus, Echo can usually procure capacity at lower rates than small and midsize shippers could obtain directly with carriers, thereby providing customers with material cost savings.",
    "output": "[Cause] thereby [Relation] enable [Effect] providing customers with material cost savings",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] regulation never rises to the level of explicit price caps [Relation] cause [Effect]  the threat of this regulation limits pricing power",
    "input": "Even if regulation never rises to the level of explicit price caps, the threat of this regulation limits pricing power, in our view.",
    "output": "[Cause] the threat of this regulation [Relation] prevent [Effect] pricing power",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its benefits from leading content and awareness [Relation] cause [Effect] we forecast 2021-30 revenue to average 22%",
    "input": "We continue to model strong growth for the experiences and dining segment, where we forecast 2021-30 revenue to average 22%, as its benefits from leading content and awareness.",
    "output": "[Cause] its benefits from leading content and awareness [Relation] cause [Effect] We continue to model strong growth for the experiences and dining segment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] many academic research institutions are facing the prospect of both state budget cuts and revenue shortfalls at academic institutions [Relation] cause [Effect] Bio-Rad's academic research end market could face headwinds from cuts to academic research budgets due to the ongoing pandemic",
    "input": "And, Bio-Rad's academic research end market could face headwinds from cuts to academic research budgets due to the ongoing pandemic, as many academic research institutions are facing the prospect of both state budget cuts and revenue shortfalls at academic institutions.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ongoing pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] Bio-Rad's academic research end market could face headwinds from cuts to academic research budgets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] better local merchandising and marketing [Relation] enable [Effect]  facilitate higher unit sales via supply that matches demand",
    "input": "Global expansion allows access to a wider profile of consumers and their preferences, leading to better local merchandising and marketing, which could facilitate higher unit sales via supply that matches demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] Global expansion [Relation] enable [Effect] access to a wider profile of consumers and their preferences",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Global expansion [Relation] enable [Effect]  access to a wider profile of consumers and their preferences",
    "input": "Global expansion allows access to a wider profile of consumers and their preferences, leading to better local merchandising and marketing, which could facilitate higher unit sales via supply that matches demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] better local merchandising and marketing [Relation] enable [Effect] facilitate higher unit sales",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the value of IHS Markit's shares linked to S&P Global [Relation] cause [Effect] the valuation risks that the latter firm faces (outlined in our company report) now also apply to IHS Markit",
    "input": "Similarly, with the value of IHS Markit's shares linked to S&P Global, the valuation risks that the latter firm faces (outlined in our company report) now also apply to IHS Markit.",
    "output": "[Cause] the value of IHS Markit's shares linked to S&P Global [Relation] cause [Effect] the valuation risks that the latter firm faces (outlined in our company report) now also apply to IHS Markit",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the critical nature of Sensata's products [Relation] enable [Effect] reliability and lasting safety are paramount",
    "input": "Due to the critical nature of Sensata's products, such as tire pressure in cars or flap positioning in commercial aircraft, reliability and lasting safety are paramount.",
    "output": "[Cause] the critical nature of Sensata's products [Relation] cause [Effect] reliability and lasting safety are paramount",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] logistical challenges involved with scaling up a sterilization network [Relation] cause [Effect]  the business doesn't grow as expected",
    "input": "We can envision Revox eventually contributing several hundred million dollars to the top line by taking share from established players, but we also see a potential scenario where the business doesn't grow as expected because of logistical challenges involved with scaling up a sterilization network.",
    "output": "[Cause] logistical challenges involved with scaling up a sterilization network [Relation] cause [Effect] the business doesn't grow as expected",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  expense leverage borne of scale offsetting the ongoing cost pressures [Relation] cause [Effect]  adjusted operating margins to average near fiscal 2019's prepandemic 13% mark",
    "input": "We expect adjusted operating margins to average near fiscal 2019's prepandemic 13% mark, with expense leverage borne of scale offsetting the ongoing cost pressures.",
    "output": "[Cause] expense leverage borne of scale [Relation] enable [Effect] offsetting the ongoing cost pressures",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Coke typically pays for and implements the back-end technology infrastructure, communication, and business process systems many of its bottlers use [Relation] cause [Effect] data related to inventory, promotion responsiveness, merchandising and displays, and the like are flowing through servers and systems owned by Coca-Cola",
    "input": "In fact, Coke typically pays for and implements the back-end technology infrastructure, communication, and business process systems many of its bottlers use. Consequently, data related to inventory, promotion responsiveness, merchandising and displays, and the like are flowing through servers and systems owned by Coca-Cola.",
    "output": "[Cause] Coke typically pays for and implements the back-end technology infrastructure, communication, and business process systems many of its bottlers use [Relation] cause [Effect] data related to inventory, promotion responsiveness, merchandising and displays, and the like are flowing through servers and systems owned by Coca-Cola",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] These advantages manifest themselves in the form of lower operating costs, lower credit costs, lower regulatory costs, and lower absolute levels of and better diversification of risks [Relation] cause [Effect] the banks to achieve greater risk-adjusted returns",
    "input": "These advantages manifest themselves in the form of lower operating costs, lower credit costs, lower regulatory costs, and lower absolute levels of and better diversification of risks, all of which allow the banks to achieve greater risk-adjusted returns.",
    "output": "[Cause] These advantages manifest themselves in the form of lower operating costs, lower credit costs, lower regulatory costs, and lower absolute levels of and better diversification of risks [Relation] enable [Effect] the banks to achieve greater risk-adjusted returns",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This inflated capital base combined with our forecasts of sustainably lower oil and gas expenditures compared with the 2010 to 2014 boom [Relation] enable [Effect] National Oilwell as a whole is unlikely to generate substantial economic profits moving forward",
    "input": "This inflated capital base combined with our forecasts of sustainably lower oil and gas expenditures compared with the 2010 to 2014 boom means that National Oilwell as a whole is unlikely to generate substantial economic profits moving forward.",
    "output": "[Cause] This inflated capital base combined with our forecasts of sustainably lower oil and gas expenditures compared with the 2010 to 2014 boom [Relation] cause [Effect] National Oilwell as a whole is unlikely to generate substantial economic profits moving forward",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  build out a wider set of data and experience [Relation] enable [Effect] improves the value of its services even at the middle-market level",
    "input": "Additionally, the scale and breadth of its operations allows the company to build out a wider set of data and experience, which we believe improves the value of its services even at the middle-market level.",
    "output": "[Cause] the scale and breadth of its operations [Relation] enable [Effect] the company to build out a wider set of data and experience",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its business was barely breaking $100 million in revenue--and have steadily grown with its top line and margin expansion [Relation] prevent [Effect]  MPS' returns on invested capital | dipped below 20%",
    "input": "By our assessment, MPS' returns on invested capital haven't dipped below 20%--even when its business was barely breaking $100 million in revenue--and have steadily grown with its top line and margin expansion.",
    "output": "[Cause] MPS' returns on invested capital haven't dipped below 20%--even when its business was barely breaking $100 million in revenue [Relation] enable [Effect] have steadily grown with its top line and margin expansion",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the fragmented nature of the scrap processing industry and the relatively thin margins that Schnitzer and its peers command [Relation] cause [Effect] it would be very difficult for any scrap company to distinguish itself as a definitive low-cost producer",
    "input": "Given the fragmented nature of the scrap processing industry and the relatively thin margins that Schnitzer and its peers command, it would be very difficult for any scrap company to distinguish itself as a definitive low-cost producer.",
    "output": "[Cause] the fragmented nature of the scrap processing industry and the relatively thin margins that Schnitzer and its peers command [Relation] cause [Effect] it would be very difficult for any scrap company to distinguish itself as a definitive low-cost producer",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] these platforms begin to capture a larger percentage of marketplace activity [Relation] enable [Effect] a positive feedback loop will allow CoStar to more effectively monetize them",
    "input": "As these platforms begin to capture a larger percentage of marketplace activity, a positive feedback loop will allow CoStar to more effectively monetize them.",
    "output": "[Cause] these platforms begin to capture a larger percentage of marketplace activity [Relation] enable [Effect] a positive feedback loop will allow CoStar to more effectively monetize them",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] organizations typically deploy siloed approaches among divisions, or various data formats and security protocols preclude a unified data platform [Relation] enable [Effect] Possibly the pieces of data are not stitched together properly to enable a holistic view",
    "input": "Possibly the pieces of data are not stitched together properly to enable a holistic view as organizations typically deploy siloed approaches among divisions, or various data formats and security protocols preclude a unified data platform.",
    "output": "[Cause] organizations typically deploy siloed approaches among divisions, or various data formats and security protocols [Relation] prevent [Effect] a unified data platform",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] scrap metal has a very low value/weight ratio and is not readily transported by land over long distances in a cost-effective manner [Relation] cause [Effect] metal recycling firms tend to compete regionally",
    "input": "In the U.S., metal recycling firms tend to compete regionally because scrap metal has a very low value/weight ratio and is not readily transported by land over long distances in a cost-effective manner.",
    "output": "[Cause] scrap metal has a very low value/weight ratio and is not readily transported by land over long distances in a cost-effective manner [Relation] cause [Effect] metal recycling firms tend to compete regionally",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  incremental expansions and efficiencies [Relation] enable [Effect]  incremental capacity can be added for very low capital costs | including innovative technology such as automated haulage",
    "input": "In the more sedate demand environment, incremental capacity can be added for very low capital costs through incremental expansions and efficiencies, including innovative technology such as automated haulage.",
    "output": "[Cause] incremental expansions and efficiencies [Relation] enable [Effect] incremental capacity can be added for very low capital costs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  low interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect]  boosted mortgage volume",
    "input": "However, there have been some benefits as low interest rates have boosted mortgage volume and unemployment claims have boosted workforce solutions.",
    "output": "[Cause] low interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] boosted mortgage volume",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] unemployment claims [Relation] cause [Effect] boosted workforce solutions",
    "input": "However, there have been some benefits as low interest rates have boosted mortgage volume and unemployment claims have boosted workforce solutions.",
    "output": "[Cause] unemployment claims [Relation] cause [Effect] boosted workforce solutions",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  subprime mortgage owners were unable to make their payments [Relation] cause [Effect] The domino effect that took hold of this economy stretched into ''collateralized'' mortgage instruments",
    "input": "The domino effect that took hold of this economy stretched into ''collateralized'' mortgage instruments and as subprime mortgage owners were unable to make their payments.",
    "output": "[Cause] ''the domino effect that took hold of this economy [Relation] cause [Effect] ''collateralized'' mortgage instruments and as subprime mortgage owners were unable to make their payments",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the strong premiumization trends in beer [Relation] cause [Effect] add a percentage point to the industry's secular growth rate",
    "input": "We feel this is appropriate given the strong premiumization trends in beer, which should add a percentage point to the industry's secular growth rate.",
    "output": "[Cause] the strong premiumization trends in beer [Relation] cause [Effect] add a percentage point to the industry's secular growth rate",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] declining revenue in the product and license and support and services segments [Relation] prevent [Effect]  strong subscription growth",
    "input": "We see strong subscription growth partially offset by declining revenue in the product and license and support and services segments.",
    "output": "[Cause] declining revenue in the product and license and support and services segments [Relation] prevent [Effect] strong subscription growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the overcapacity issues in the steel industry [Relation] cause [Effect] a lack of pricing power for steel producers",
    "input": "This is due to the decline in raw material prices, coupled with the overcapacity issues in the steel industry, resulting in a lack of pricing power for steel producers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the overcapacity issues in the steel industry [Relation] cause [Effect] a lack of pricing power for steel producers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] we believe captures the spread between our bull and bear cases [Relation] cause [Effect] We assign the bank a high uncertainty rating",
    "input": "We assign the bank a high uncertainty rating, which we believe captures the spread between our bull and bear cases.",
    "output": "[Cause] the bank a high uncertainty rating [Relation] enable [Effect] captures the spread between our bull and bear cases",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] management has made improvements to the underwriting process [Relation] enable [Effect] generally improved the bank's risk management",
    "input": "Since the crisis, much has changed, and management has made improvements to the underwriting process, and generally improved the bank's risk management.",
    "output": "[Cause] the crisis [Relation] cause [Effect] much has changed, and management has made improvements to the underwriting process, and generally improved the bank's risk management",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] subscale production capabilities relative to Lockheed and Boeing [Relation] prevent [Effect] Bell winning this contract",
    "input": "Bell is competing against a joint venture between Lockheed Martin and Boeing for this contract, and we don't anticipate Bell winning this contract due to subscale production capabilities relative to Lockheed and Boeing.",
    "output": "[Cause] subscale production capabilities relative to Lockheed and Boeing [Relation] cause [Effect] Bell is competing against a joint venture between Lockheed Martin and Boeing for this contract",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Pizza Hut represented 75% of the firm's restaurant portfolio [Relation] cause [Effect] The bankruptcy of the firm's largest franchisee",
    "input": "The bankruptcy of the firm's largest franchisee, NPC International, also points to deteriorating unit economics, as Pizza Hut represented 75% of the firm's restaurant portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] The bankruptcy of the firm's largest franchisee, NPC International [Relation] cause [Effect] deteriorating unit economics",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The commodity products that Bunge moves around the world are readily available from competitors [Relation] cause [Effect]  razor-thin margins",
    "input": "The commodity products that Bunge moves around the world are readily available from competitors, and the company has little pricing power over the products it buys and sells, making for razor-thin margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] The commodity products that Bunge moves around the world are readily available from competitors [Relation] cause [Effect] razor-thin margins",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Approximately three drillers currently operate in the Gulf of Mexico [Relation] cause [Effect] natural buyers in the space are difficult to pinpoint",
    "input": "Approximately three drillers currently operate in the Gulf of Mexico, so natural buyers in the space are difficult to pinpoint.",
    "output": "[Cause] Approximately three drillers currently operate in the Gulf of Mexico [Relation] cause [Effect] natural buyers in the space are difficult to pinpoint",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Zebra has an end-to-end portfolio of specialized AIDC solutions [Relation] enable [Effect] it to achieve a wide footprint within its customers",
    "input": "Zebra has an end-to-end portfolio of specialized AIDC solutions that enables it to achieve a wide footprint within its customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Zebra has an end-to-end portfolio of specialized AIDC solutions [Relation] enable [Effect] it to achieve a wide footprint within its customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] these risks are well managed by the firm, with no material outstanding controversies [Relation] cause [Effect] not expect any meaningful impacts to the firm's valuation",
    "input": "But as these risks are well managed by the firm, with no material outstanding controversies, we do not expect any meaningful impacts to the firm's valuation.",
    "output": "[Cause] risk are well managed by the firm, with no material outstanding controversies [Relation] prevent [Effect] any meaningful impacts to the firm's valuation",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] However, we believe the use of research models will remain an integral part of the drug development process [Relation] enable [Effect] as alternatives such as in vitro (test tubes) and in silico (computer simulation) testing do not fully replicate the in vivo dynamics",
    "input": "However, we believe the use of research models will remain an integral part of the drug development process, as alternatives such as in vitro (test tubes) and in silico (computer simulation) testing do not fully replicate the in vivo dynamics.",
    "output": "[Cause] alternatives such as in vitro (test tubes) and in silico (computer simulation) testing do not fully replicate the in vivo dynamics [Relation] cause [Effect] the use of research models will remain an integral part of the drug development process",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] previous and ongoing PSR initiatives [Relation] cause [Effect] the rail's OR down to 61% in 2021 (slightly better than guidance), with further gains to 59%-59.5% in 2022",
    "input": "We also expect previous and ongoing PSR initiatives to drive the rail's OR down to 61% in 2021 (slightly better than guidance), with further gains to 59%-59.5% in 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] previous and ongoing PSR initiatives [Relation] enable [Effect] drive the rail's OR down to 61% in 2021 (slightly better than guidance)",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the significant manufacturing and development costs that biosimilar makers are expected to incur [Relation] prevent [Effect] the number of contenders and their ability to compete on price",
    "input": "Biosimilar competition is a looming threat, but we think the significant manufacturing and development costs that biosimilar makers are expected to incur would slow any erosion of sales of these products, limiting the number of contenders and their ability to compete on price.",
    "output": "[Cause] the significant manufacturing and development costs [Relation] prevent [Effect] any erosion of sales of these products",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Existing products face annual price deflation of 2% to 3% [Relation] cause [Effect] giving rise to the declining trend in ResMed's ROIC",
    "input": "Existing products face annual price deflation of 2% to 3% which has been one of the factors giving rise to the declining trend in ResMed's ROIC; however, ROIC remains well above WACC.",
    "output": "[Cause] Existing products face annual price deflation of 2% to 3% [Relation] cause [Effect] giving rise to the declining trend in ResMed's ROIC",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] McCormick has focused its constrained manufacturing assets on its fastest-turning items [Relation] enable [Effect] to meet heightened demand",
    "input": "For one, McCormick has focused its constrained manufacturing assets on its fastest-turning items to meet heightened demand, which we think is a prudent way to support its retail relationships.",
    "output": "[Cause] McCormick has focused its constrained manufacturing assets on its fastest-turning items to meet heightened demand [Relation] enable [Effect] support its retail relationships",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company's enormous cash flows support a powerful salesforce [Relation] cause [Effect]  not only sells currently marketed drugs, but also serves as a deterrent for developing drug companies seeking to launch competing products",
    "input": "Further, the company's enormous cash flows support a powerful salesforce that not only sells currently marketed drugs, but also serves as a deterrent for developing drug companies seeking to launch competing products.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's enormous cash flows [Relation] enable [Effect] a powerful salesforce",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company's new online advisory platform will also benefit from its low cost and client reach [Relation] enable [Effect] Schwab to be more profitable than existing players and leapfrog them in assets",
    "input": "The company's new online advisory platform will also benefit from its low cost and client reach, which will enable Schwab to be more profitable than existing players and leapfrog them in assets.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company's new online advisory platform will also benefit from its low cost and client reach [Relation] enable [Effect] Schwab to be more profitable than existing players and leapfrog them in assets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] backlog starts to ramp-up, with a return to normalized light vehicle demand in 2023 [Relation] cause [Effect] a 30% rebound in 2021",
    "input": "Due to the sale of most of its brake control business as well as coronavirus-induced industrywide factory closures, 2020 revenue declined 28%, but we forecast a 30% rebound in 2021 as backlog starts to ramp-up, with a return to normalized light vehicle demand in 2023.",
    "output": "[Cause] the sale of most of its brake control business [Relation] cause [Effect] 2020 revenue declined 28%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the sale of most of its brake control business [Relation] cause [Effect] 2020 revenue declined 28%",
    "input": "Due to the sale of most of its brake control business as well as coronavirus-induced industrywide factory closures, 2020 revenue declined 28%, but we forecast a 30% rebound in 2021 as backlog starts to ramp-up, with a return to normalized light vehicle demand in 2023.",
    "output": "[Cause] backlog starts to ramp-up [Relation] cause [Effect] a 30% rebound in 2021",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a return to normalized light vehicle demand in 2023 [Relation] cause [Effect] backlog starts to ramp-up",
    "input": "Due to the sale of most of its brake control business as well as coronavirus-induced industrywide factory closures, 2020 revenue declined 28%, but we forecast a 30% rebound in 2021 as backlog starts to ramp-up, with a return to normalized light vehicle demand in 2023.",
    "output": "[Cause] backlog starts to ramp-up [Relation] cause [Effect] a 30% rebound in 2021",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] expand its geographic footprint as well as its digital presence in key locations all over the United States [Relation] cause [Effect] The company is in the midst of an expansion initiative on the retail and commercial side",
    "input": "The company is in the midst of an expansion initiative on the retail and commercial side, aiming to expand its geographic footprint as well as its digital presence in key locations all over the United States.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company is in the midst of an expansion initiative on the retail and commercial side [Relation] enable [Effect] aiming to expand its geographic footprint as well as its digital presence in key locations all over the United States",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] even slightly differentiated technical features can cause an end user to prefer one tool over another similar tool for specific applications in Danaher's precise scientific end markets [Relation] cause [Effect]  intangible assets around its differentiated technology",
    "input": "Since even slightly differentiated technical features can cause an end user to prefer one tool over another similar tool for specific applications in Danaher's precise scientific end markets, we see intangible assets around its differentiated technology.",
    "output": "[Cause] even slightly differentiated technical features [Relation] cause [Effect] an end user to prefer one tool over another similar tool for specific applications in Danaher's precise scientific end markets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] customers are unlikely to reopen a regulatory file simply to get a different control approved [Relation] cause [Effect] These tests receive regulatory approval during the system approval process, and switching costs can be high",
    "input": "These tests receive regulatory approval during the system approval process, and switching costs can be high, because customers are unlikely to reopen a regulatory file simply to get a different control approved.",
    "output": "[Cause] customers are unlikely to reopen a regulatory file simply to get a different control approved [Relation] cause [Effect] These tests receive regulatory approval during the system approval process, and switching costs can be high",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Recurring revenue now makes up roughly 50% of Nasdaq total revenue and will likely continue to increase, as the company's acquisition of Verafin and its sale of its fixed-income trading business to Tradeweb continues to push the firm toward its end goal of being a diversified technology company [Relation] cause [Effect]  increase the stability of Nasdaq's earnings and lead the company to having a lower risk profile than it once did",
    "input": "Recurring revenue now makes up roughly 50% of Nasdaq total revenue and will likely continue to increase, as the company's acquisition of Verafin and its sale of its fixed-income trading business to Tradeweb continues to push the firm toward its end goal of being a diversified technology company. This should increase the stability of Nasdaq's earnings and lead the company to having a lower risk profile than it once did.",
    "output": "[Cause] Recurring revenue now makes up roughly 50% of Nasdaq total revenue and will likely continue to increase, as the company's acquisition of Verafin and its sale of its fixed-income trading business to Tradeweb continues to push the firm toward its end goal of being a diversified technology company [Relation] cause [Effect] increase the stability of Nasdaq's earnings and lead the company to having a lower risk profile than it once did",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  AHP is a rare indication with high unmet need [Relation] cause [Effect] Givlaari for acute hepatic porphyria also looks promising",
    "input": "Givlaari for acute hepatic porphyria also looks promising given that AHP is a rare indication with high unmet need.",
    "output": "[Cause] AHP is a rare indication with high unmet need [Relation] enable [Effect] Givlaari for acute hepatic porphyria also looks promising",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] some states and municipalities, including New York, have sought to limit retail natural gas use [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce reliance on fossil fuels",
    "input": "However, some states and municipalities, including New York, have sought to limit retail natural gas use to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.",
    "output": "[Cause] reduce reliance on fossil fuels [Relation] cause [Effect] some states and municipalities, including New York, have sought to limit retail natural gas use",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] considering customers' willingness to shop multiple off-price stores [Relation] cause [Effect] Investment in the treasure hunt should keep post-pandemic traffic strong, and we are not concerned about cannibalization as rivals Ross and TJX grow",
    "input": "Investment in the treasure hunt should keep post-pandemic traffic strong, and we are not concerned about cannibalization as rivals Ross and TJX grow, considering customers' willingness to shop multiple off-price stores.",
    "output": "[Cause] investment in the treasure hunt [Relation] enable [Effect] keep post-pandemic traffic strong",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Valuations in the company's target markets currently appear somewhat rich [Relation] enable [Effect] constrain its returns going forward if its M&amp",
    "input": "Valuations in the company's target markets currently appear somewhat rich to us, too, which could constrain its returns going forward if its M&amp;A activities continue unabated.",
    "output": "[Cause] if its M&amp;A activities continue unabated [Relation] prevent [Effect] its returns going forward",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] back pressure and airflow are maximized for optimum fuel efficiency and engine performance [Relation] cause [Effect] The exhaust system must be engineered in such a way",
    "input": "The exhaust system must be engineered in such a way that back pressure and airflow are maximized for optimum fuel efficiency and engine performance.",
    "output": "[Cause] The exhaust system must be engineered in such a way [Relation] enable [Effect] optimum fuel efficiency and engine performance",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the firm's efforts to further maximize profitability [Relation] cause [Effect] right-sizing the business for the more modest opportunity",
    "input": "That said, Post's cereal business reports attractive margins, and we applaud the firm's efforts to further maximize profitability by right-sizing the business for the more modest opportunity.",
    "output": "[Cause] Post's cereal business reports attractive margins [Relation] enable [Effect] we applaud the firm's efforts to further maximize profitability by right-sizing the business for the more modest opportunity",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] generate ample volumes [Relation] cause [Effect] cost efficiencies in key portions of its supply chain",
    "input": "Hubbell's large suite of products allows it to generate ample volumes that lead to cost efficiencies in key portions of its supply chain.",
    "output": "[Cause] Hubbell's large suite of products [Relation] enable [Effect] generate ample volumes",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] coatings companies fight for volume [Relation] cause [Effect]  narrower margins over a full cycle",
    "input": "However, we think economic shocks or housing slowdowns will induce a higher degree of price competition as coatings companies fight for volume, leading to narrower margins over a full cycle.",
    "output": "[Cause] coatings companies fight for volume [Relation] cause [Effect] a higher degree of price competition",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  narrower margins over a full cycle | coatings companies fight for volume [Relation] cause [Effect] economic shocks or housing slowdowns will induce a higher degree of price competition",
    "input": "However, we think economic shocks or housing slowdowns will induce a higher degree of price competition as coatings companies fight for volume, leading to narrower margins over a full cycle.",
    "output": "[Cause] economic shocks or housing slowdowns [Relation] cause [Effect] narrower margins over a full cycle",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the industry evolves into a fragmented series of sub-categories [Relation] cause [Effect] limiting the previous benefits of scale and making it difficult to replicate margins of the lucrative cigarette business",
    "input": "We believe the greatest risk is that the industry evolves into a fragmented series of sub-categories, limiting the previous benefits of scale and making it difficult to replicate margins of the lucrative cigarette business.",
    "output": "[Cause] the industry evolves into a fragmented series of sub-categories [Relation] cause [Effect] limiting the previous benefits of scale and making it difficult to replicate margins of the lucrative cigarette business",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its attractive acreage in the Permian Basin [Relation] cause [Effect] Pioneer Natural Resources holds an enviable cost position in the upstream oil and gas universe",
    "input": "With its attractive acreage in the Permian Basin, Pioneer Natural Resources holds an enviable cost position in the upstream oil and gas universe.",
    "output": "[Cause] its attractive acreage in the Permian Basin [Relation] enable [Effect] Pioneer Natural Resources holds an enviable cost position in the upstream oil and gas universe",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the start of 5G RF adoption [Relation] enable [Effect] Qorvo generated 5% revenue growth in fiscal 2020",
    "input": "Qorvo generated 5% revenue growth in fiscal 2020, thanks to the start of 5G RF adoption, offset by headwinds due to lost business within Huawei's base station business due to the U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] the start of 5G RF adoption [Relation] cause [Effect] Qorvo generated 5% revenue growth in fiscal 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] lost business within Huawei's base station business due to the U.S [Relation] cause [Effect] offset by headwinds",
    "input": "Qorvo generated 5% revenue growth in fiscal 2020, thanks to the start of 5G RF adoption, offset by headwinds due to lost business within Huawei's base station business due to the U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] lost business within Huawei's base station business due to the U.S [Relation] cause [Effect] Qorvo generated 5% revenue growth in fiscal 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consumers tighten their financial belts and stick with multiple daily injections [Relation] cause [Effect] Insulet remains vulnerable to economic downturns",
    "input": "Considering the relatively discretionary nature of insulin pumps, Insulet remains vulnerable to economic downturns when consumers tighten their financial belts and stick with multiple daily injections.",
    "output": "[Cause] the relatively discretionary nature of insulin pumps [Relation] cause [Effect] Insulet remains vulnerable to economic downturns when consumers tighten their financial belts and stick with multiple daily injections",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] payments (which should accelerate as eBay's operating agreement with PayPal has expired) and operating leverage offset other experience investments [Relation] cause [Effect] We expect adjusted operating margins to remain around the 30% range over the next five years",
    "input": "We expect adjusted operating margins to remain around the 30% range over the next five years as payments (which should accelerate as eBay's operating agreement with PayPal has expired) and operating leverage offset other experience investments.",
    "output": "[Cause] payments (which should accelerate as eBay's operating agreement with PayPal has expired) and operating leverage offset other experience investments [Relation] cause [Effect] We expect adjusted operating margins to remain around the 30% range over the next five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] you operate a division that generates operating margins of around 37% [Relation] cause [Effect] the next change of model may come at your expense",
    "input": "While this change has not hurt RELX thus far, it is an example of how easily business models can change, and when you operate a division that generates operating margins of around 37%, there is always a danger that the next change of model may come at your expense.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is an example of how easily business models can change [Relation] cause [Effect] you operate a division that generates operating margins of around 37%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Operating in offshore environments [Relation] cause [Effect] the risk of large oil spills",
    "input": "Operating in offshore environments exposes Total to the risk of large oil spills that could result in material losses through lost revenue, fines or penalties, or loss of license to operate.",
    "output": "[Cause] Operating in offshore environments [Relation] cause [Effect] the risk of large oil spills",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the risk of large oil spills [Relation] cause [Effect] material losses through lost revenue, fines or penalties, or loss of license to operate",
    "input": "Operating in offshore environments exposes Total to the risk of large oil spills that could result in material losses through lost revenue, fines or penalties, or loss of license to operate.",
    "output": "[Cause] Operating in offshore environments [Relation] cause [Effect] material losses",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] with the bank's cheaper deposit base, it is more sensitive to movements in interest rates [Relation] enable [Effect] M&T derives about two thirds of its income from net interest income",
    "input": "M&T derives about two thirds of its income from net interest income, and with the bank's cheaper deposit base, it is more sensitive to movements in interest rates.",
    "output": "[Cause] the bank's cheaper deposit base [Relation] cause [Effect] it is more sensitive to movements in interest rates",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The position it forged as a trusted supplier through strong relationships with governments allow it, and other large incumbents, to identify emerging trends and opportunities in the defense market [Relation] enable [Effect]  affords the firm the ability to fund early stage research into next-generation technologies that is further developed with customer funding",
    "input": "The position it forged as a trusted supplier through strong relationships with governments allow it, and other large incumbents, to identify emerging trends and opportunities in the defense market. This insight affords the firm the ability to fund early stage research into next-generation technologies that is further developed with customer funding.",
    "output": "[Cause] The position it forged as a trusted supplier through strong relationships with governments [Relation] enable [Effect] it, and other large incumbents, to identify emerging trends and opportunities in the defense market",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the assortment quickly turns over and Burlington buys inventory year-round [Relation] enable [Effect] reducing the risk of potential fashion trend- or weather-related missteps",
    "input": "We contend that the chain's rapidly changing product assortment encourages repeat customer visits while reducing the risk of potential fashion trend- or weather-related missteps (as the assortment quickly turns over and Burlington buys inventory year-round).",
    "output": "[Cause] the chain's rapidly changing product assortment [Relation] cause [Effect] reducing the risk of potential fashion trend- or weather-related missteps",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] appeal to a wide variety of consumers [Relation] enable [Effect] the chain grows toward its 2,500-unit target",
    "input": "With appeal to a wide variety of consumers, we anticipate the concept should translate well to new markets as the chain grows toward its 2,500-unit target (from 900 at the end of fiscal 2019).",
    "output": "[Cause] appeal to a wide variety of consumers [Relation] cause [Effect] the concept should translate well to new markets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the chain grows toward its 2,500-unit target [Relation] enable [Effect] the concept should translate well to new markets",
    "input": "With appeal to a wide variety of consumers, we anticipate the concept should translate well to new markets as the chain grows toward its 2,500-unit target (from 900 at the end of fiscal 2019).",
    "output": "[Cause] the concept [Relation] enable [Effect] new markets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] InterContinental's unit growth is lowered by the company's focus on brand quality [Relation] cause [Effect] annual closures of 2%-3% of its existing rooms",
    "input": "InterContinental's unit growth is lowered by the company's focus on brand quality, which leads to annual closures of 2%-3% of its existing rooms.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's focus on brand quality [Relation] cause [Effect] InterContinental's unit growth is lowered",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  on the back of persistently low truckload rates thus far in 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect]  has worsened",
    "input": "Intermodal was already grappling with heavy competition from the trucking sector over the past year, and that has worsened on the back of persistently low truckload rates thus far in 2020.",
    "output": "[Cause] Intermodal was already grappling with heavy competition from the trucking sector over the past year [Relation] cause [Effect] worsened on the back of persistently low truckload rates thus far in 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Even after the improvement in operations since emerging from bankruptcy in 2009, high feed costs led to an operating loss in 2011, with the company reporting an adjusted operating margin of negative 4.6% [Relation] cause [Effect] while we forecast an average of 12% ROICs on average annually over the next five years, the actual results reported will probably be more volatile",
    "input": "Even after the improvement in operations since emerging from bankruptcy in 2009, high feed costs led to an operating loss in 2011, with the company reporting an adjusted operating margin of negative 4.6%. As such, while we forecast an average of 12% ROICs on average annually over the next five years, the actual results reported will probably be more volatile.",
    "output": "[Cause] Even after the improvement in operations since emerging from bankruptcy in 2009, high feed costs led to an operating loss in 2011, with the company reporting an adjusted operating margin of negative 4.6% [Relation] cause [Effect] while we forecast an average of 12% ROICs on average annually over the next five years, the actual results reported will probably be more volatile",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a deteriorating outlook for oil and natural gas prices [Relation] cause [Effect] pressure Hess' profitability, reduce cash flows, and drive up financial leverage",
    "input": "As with most exploration and production firms, a deteriorating outlook for oil and natural gas prices would pressure Hess' profitability, reduce cash flows, and drive up financial leverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] a deteriorating outlook for oil and natural gas prices [Relation] cause [Effect] pressure Hess' profitability, reduce cash flows, and drive up financial leverage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  institutionalized processes that were previously inefficient [Relation] cause [Effect]  squeeze additional operating margin expansion out of the business ahead.",
    "input": "Lowe's profitability has already begun to benefit from institutionalized processes that were previously inefficient, including labor management, reset efforts, and inventory controls, helping squeeze additional operating margin expansion out of the business ahead.",
    "output": "[Cause] labor management, reset efforts, and inventory controls [Relation] enable [Effect] squeeze additional operating margin expansion out of the business ahead",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] difficult to predict and hard to hedge and can affect gross margin [Relation] cause [Effect] Mattel remains exposed to input costs like resins",
    "input": "Fourth, Mattel remains exposed to input costs like resins, which are difficult to predict and hard to hedge and can affect gross margin.",
    "output": "[Cause] Mattel remains exposed to input costs like resins [Relation] cause [Effect] affect gross margin",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] underperforming locations close [Relation] cause [Effect]  higher productivity of its store fleet",
    "input": "The firm could also see lower costs from an improved supply chain and distribution network (as a result of direct sourcing and furniture delivery operations) as well as higher productivity of its store fleet (as underperforming locations close).",
    "output": "[Cause] direct sourcing and furniture delivery operations [Relation] cause [Effect] The firm could also see lower costs from an improved supply chain and distribution network",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  pandemic-induced distortions have facilitated reductions in advertising and other corporate expenses [Relation] cause [Effect] near-term profitability remains strong",
    "input": "From a fundamental standpoint, near-term profitability remains strong, as pandemic-induced distortions have facilitated reductions in advertising and other corporate expenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] pandemic-induced distortions [Relation] cause [Effect] facilitated reductions in advertising and other corporate expenses",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Splunk pursuing a shift to the cloud [Relation] enable [Effect]  it will be easier to leverage this cross-selling opportunity and expand Splunk's footprint within different businesses",
    "input": "With Splunk pursuing a shift to the cloud, it will be easier to leverage this cross-selling opportunity and expand Splunk's footprint within different businesses.",
    "output": "[Cause] Splunk pursuing a shift to the cloud [Relation] enable [Effect] it will be easier to leverage this cross-selling opportunity and expand Splunk's footprint within different businesses",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] limit the adoption of LNG trucks [Relation] cause [Effect]  fuel cells have the potential to power long-haul operations",
    "input": "Emission solutions continue to reduce diesel emissions, battery electric is a viable solution for regional-haul operations, and fuel cells have the potential to power long-haul operations; which may limit the adoption of LNG trucks, particularly outside of Europe.",
    "output": "[Cause] Emission solutions continue to reduce diesel emissions, battery electric is a viable solution for regional-haul operations, and fuel cells have the potential to power long-haul operations [Relation] prevent [Effect] the adoption of LNG trucks, particularly outside of Europe",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company increases missile production capacity [Relation] cause [Effect] a minor step up in capital expenditures as a percent of sales in the short term",
    "input": "We're anticipating a minor step up in capital expenditures as a percent of sales in the short term, as the company increases missile production capacity.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company increases missile production capacity [Relation] cause [Effect] a minor step up in capital expenditures as a percent of sales in the short term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] RH's terminal operating margin at 22.2% (21.6% prior) [Relation] cause [Effect]  the increasing possibility that the company's evolution to an integrated luxury brand could offer the ability to tap into a larger total addressable market, rather than solely a furniture-seeking cohort",
    "input": "We now forecast RH's terminal operating margin at 22.2% (21.6% prior), reflecting the increasing possibility that the company's evolution to an integrated luxury brand could offer the ability to tap into a larger total addressable market, rather than solely a furniture-seeking cohort.",
    "output": "[Cause] the increasing possibility that the company's evolution to an integrated luxury brand [Relation] enable [Effect] tap into a larger total addressable market",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company finds a receptive audience with large pharma clients, which see sizable benefits in the simplified procurement process Thermo Fisher offers [Relation] cause [Effect]  the firm's penetration and entrenchment within the pharma end market (switching costs) are expanding, which we expect to continue",
    "input": "The company finds a receptive audience with large pharma clients, which see sizable benefits in the simplified procurement process Thermo Fisher offers. As a result, the firm's penetration and entrenchment within the pharma end market (switching costs) are expanding, which we expect to continue.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company finds a receptive audience with large pharma clients, which see sizable benefits in the simplified procurement process Thermo Fisher offers [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm's penetration and entrenchment within the pharma end market (switching costs) are expanding, which we expect to continue",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19-induced carrier spending slowdowns [Relation] cause [Effect] International organic revenue growth on existing towers averaged about 10% annually",
    "input": "International organic revenue growth on existing towers averaged about 10% annually over the five years preceding 2020, when it dipped to 7.3% due in part to COVID-19-induced carrier spending slowdowns.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19-induced carrier spending slowdowns [Relation] cause [Effect] it dipped to 7.3%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] providing exceptional service that includes same-day warranty replacements [Relation] cause [Effect] franchisees get young technicians hooked on Snap-on",
    "input": "Effectively, franchisees get young technicians hooked on Snap-on by making them reliant on credit while providing exceptional service that includes same-day warranty replacements.",
    "output": "[Cause] making them reliant on credit [Relation] cause [Effect] franchisees get young technicians hooked on Snap-on",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company can eke out incremental improvement [Relation] cause [Effect] rationalizes its manufacturing assets",
    "input": "In the 2023 to 2025 time period, we think the company can eke out incremental improvement as it further rationalizes its manufacturing assets.",
    "output": "[Cause] it further rationalizes its manufacturing assets [Relation] enable [Effect] the company can eke out incremental improvement",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Perpetual deals can get pushed out or pulled in within a year [Relation] enable [Effect] have a material impact on quarterly results",
    "input": "Perpetual deals can get pushed out or pulled in within a year and can have a material impact on quarterly results.",
    "output": "[Cause] Perpetual deals can get pushed out or pulled in within a year [Relation] enable [Effect] have a material impact on quarterly results",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The firm's direct-to-consumer plans around HBO Max are gaining momentum [Relation] enable [Effect]  nicely augment and eventually supplant traditional distribution mechanisms",
    "input": "The firm's direct-to-consumer plans around HBO Max are gaining momentum, which should nicely augment and eventually supplant traditional distribution mechanisms.",
    "output": "[Cause] The firm's direct-to-consumer plans around HBO Max are gaining momentum [Relation] enable [Effect] nicely augment and eventually supplant traditional distribution mechanisms",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the lack of comparability the 2020 fiscal year offers due to the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] we utilize 2019 metrics",
    "input": "For reference, we utilize 2019 metrics given the lack of comparability the 2020 fiscal year offers due to the pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] the lack of comparability the 2020 fiscal year offers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] account for our estimate of future claims that Edison will have to pay out to victims of the 2017-18 wildfires and mudslides, net of tax and insurance recoveries [Relation] cause [Effect] Our fair value estimate includes a $7.25 per share deduction",
    "input": "Our fair value estimate includes a $7.25 per share deduction to account for our estimate of future claims that Edison will have to pay out to victims of the 2017-18 wildfires and mudslides, net of tax and insurance recoveries.",
    "output": "[Cause] a $7.25 per share deduction [Relation] enable [Effect] Edison will have to pay out to victims of the 2017-18 wildfires and mudslides, net of tax and insurance recoveries",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A decade of consolidation in the corrugated packaging industry [Relation] cause [Effect] WestRock and its peers to push more aggressively on prices",
    "input": "A decade of consolidation in the corrugated packaging industry has allowed WestRock and its peers to push more aggressively on prices, resulting in a period of higher margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] A decade of consolidation in the corrugated packaging industry [Relation] enable [Effect] WestRock and its peers to push more aggressively on prices",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] WestRock and its peers to push more aggressively on prices [Relation] enable [Effect] a period of higher margins",
    "input": "A decade of consolidation in the corrugated packaging industry has allowed WestRock and its peers to push more aggressively on prices, resulting in a period of higher margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] A decade of consolidation in the corrugated packaging industry [Relation] cause [Effect] a period of higher margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 exacerbating social and economic tensions [Relation] cause [Effect] it is not implausible that disruption could break out in some of its operating countries in the months ahead",
    "input": "With COVID-19 exacerbating social and economic tensions, it is not implausible that disruption could break out in some of its operating countries in the months ahead.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19 exacerbating social and economic tensions [Relation] cause [Effect] it is not implausible that disruption could break out in some of its operating countries in the months ahead",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ON Semiconductor purchased Fairchild Semiconductors [Relation] enable [Effect] making it the number-two player in the discrete market behind Infineon",
    "input": "In the second half of 2016, ON Semiconductor purchased Fairchild Semiconductors, which significantly increased the firm's discrete semiconductor sales, boosting its position in voltage regulators and IGBT power transistors, for example, and making it the number-two player in the discrete market behind Infineon.",
    "output": "[Cause] In the second half of 2016, ON Semiconductor purchased Fairchild Semiconductors [Relation] enable [Effect] boosting its position in voltage regulators and IGBT power transistors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Lam and its peers will be able to optimize chamber, tool, and fleet performance [Relation] enable [Effect] less variability, higher yields, and thus more value for the customer",
    "input": "As artificial intelligence progresses, we expect Lam and its peers will be able to optimize chamber, tool, and fleet performance leading to less variability, higher yields, and thus more value for the customer.",
    "output": "[Cause] Lam and its peers will be able to optimize chamber, tool, and fleet performance [Relation] cause [Effect] less variability, higher yields, and thus more value for the customer",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] new menu items and daypart expansion, delivery (aided by a second make-line for digital ordering at many locations), \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"Chipotlane\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\" pickup window locations and other alternative restaurant formats (which should allow for unit growth acceleration in later years), and employee investments [Relation] enable [Effect] comp growth to come",
    "input": "We also expect comp growth to come through new menu items and daypart expansion, delivery (aided by a second make-line for digital ordering at many locations), \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"Chipotlane\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\" pickup window locations and other alternative restaurant formats (which should allow for unit growth acceleration in later years), and employee investments.",
    "output": "[Cause] new menu items and daypart expansion, delivery (aided by a second make-line for digital ordering at many locations), \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a diversified industrial company [Relation] cause [Effect] Crane is exposed to the overall health of the global economy",
    "input": "As a diversified industrial company, Crane is exposed to the overall health of the global economy, including a potential slowdown in industrial production and GDP growth as well as cyclicality in its end markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] Crane is exposed to the overall health of the global economy [Relation] cause [Effect] including a potential slowdown in industrial production and GDP growth as well as cyclicality in its end markets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a strong sales presence [Relation] enable [Effect] Successful commercialization of diabetes products",
    "input": "Successful commercialization of diabetes products also requires a strong sales presence, such as Novo's 15,000-plus sales employees scattered across the globe.",
    "output": "[Cause] a strong sales presence [Relation] enable [Effect] Successful commercialization of diabetes products",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the current entity combines the heft of Cott's former water subsidiaries with the legacy Primo business [Relation] cause [Effect] a pure-play water provider",
    "input": "Nevertheless, the current entity combines the heft of Cott's former water subsidiaries with the legacy Primo business, and as a pure-play water provider, we expect a more robust top-line trajectory and a structurally improved margin profile.",
    "output": "[Cause] the current entity combines the heft of Cott's former water subsidiaries with the legacy Primo business [Relation] enable [Effect] a more robust top-line trajectory and a structurally improved margin profile",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a pure-play water provider [Relation] cause [Effect] a more robust top-line trajectory and a structurally improved margin profile",
    "input": "Nevertheless, the current entity combines the heft of Cott's former water subsidiaries with the legacy Primo business, and as a pure-play water provider, we expect a more robust top-line trajectory and a structurally improved margin profile.",
    "output": "[Cause] the current entity combines the heft of Cott's former water subsidiaries with the legacy Primo business [Relation] enable [Effect] a more robust top-line trajectory and a structurally improved margin profile",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] require their engineers to learn new software and design tools [Relation] cause [Effect] Customers are generally reluctant to switch FPGA vendors",
    "input": "Customers are generally reluctant to switch FPGA vendors, which would require their engineers to learn new software and design tools.",
    "output": "[Cause] Customers are generally reluctant to switch FPGA vendors [Relation] cause [Effect] their engineers to learn new software and design tools",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] With more ads, Criteo gathered more data [Relation] enable [Effect]  creating value for clients and helping to bring in more clients and campaigns",
    "input": "With more ads, Criteo gathered more data which the firm utilized to make its display ads more effective, creating value for clients and helping to bring in more clients and campaigns.",
    "output": "[Cause] With more ads, Criteo gathered more data [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm utilized to make its display ads more effective",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Labor surprisingly lost the May 2019 Federal election [Relation] cause [Effect] The proposed Labor Party changes to the favourable taxation of property, which would likely have impacted demand for property investment and property prices, were shelved",
    "input": "The proposed Labor Party changes to the favourable taxation of property, which would likely have impacted demand for property investment and property prices, were shelved when Labor surprisingly lost the May 2019 Federal election.",
    "output": "[Cause] The proposed Labor Party changes to the favourable taxation of property [Relation] cause [Effect] impacted demand for property investment and property prices",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it was late to respond to the shift to Greek yogurt [Relation] cause [Effect] General Mills' Yoplait brand has lost significant share",
    "input": "Even for categories not facing these headwinds (such as yogurt), General Mills' Yoplait brand has lost significant share as it was late to respond to the shift to Greek yogurt, although now this trend is reversing and General Mills' share in yogurt has stabilized.",
    "output": "[Cause] it was late to respond to the shift to Greek yogurt [Relation] cause [Effect] General Mills' Yoplait brand has lost significant share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] It also gives its customers suggestions and solutions on the best way to operate the machinery efficiently [Relation] cause [Effect] Komatsu was named as one of the Lowest Cost of Ownership Award 2018 winners by EquipmentWatch along with Caterpillar and Deere, based on its calculations on the five-year total cost of ownership of different models across the different heavy construction equipment types",
    "input": "It also gives its customers suggestions and solutions on the best way to operate the machinery efficiently. As a result, Komatsu was named as one of the Lowest Cost of Ownership Award 2018 winners by EquipmentWatch along with Caterpillar and Deere, based on its calculations on the five-year total cost of ownership of different models across the different heavy construction equipment types.",
    "output": "[Cause] It also gives its customers suggestions and solutions on the best way to operate the machinery efficiently [Relation] cause [Effect] Komatsu was named as one of the Lowest Cost of Ownership Award 2018 winners by EquipmentWatch along with Caterpillar and Deere, based on its calculations on the five-year total cost of ownership of different models across the different heavy construction equipment types",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] per capita incomes have risen across the globe [Relation] cause [Effect] consumption has been shifting to the higher-end of the beer category",
    "input": "Whether for reasons real or perceived, consumption has been shifting to the higher-end of the beer category (with the low end declining at a low single digit rate), particularly as per capita incomes have risen across the globe.",
    "output": "[Cause] per capita incomes have risen across the globe [Relation] cause [Effect] consumption has been shifting to the higher-end of the beer category",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the uncertainty on whether these investments will create long-term value for shareholders [Relation] cause [Effect]  governance risk from the large investment and cash outlay for the Lunar projects",
    "input": "We also see governance risk from the large investment and cash outlay for the Lunar projects given the uncertainty on whether these investments will create long-term value for shareholders.",
    "output": "[Cause] the uncertainty on whether these investments will create long-term value for shareholders [Relation] cause [Effect] governance risk from the large investment and cash outlay for the Lunar projects",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Consistent product and process technological advancement enables more favorable pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] relative to many automotive industry suppliers that lack the capability or the desire to innovate",
    "input": "Consistent product and process technological advancement enables more favorable pricing relative to many automotive industry suppliers that lack the capability or the desire to innovate.",
    "output": "[Cause] Consistent product and process technological advancement [Relation] enable [Effect] more favorable pricing",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] cyclical lows from 2019 begin to normalize [Relation] cause [Effect] higher credit costs",
    "input": "We suspect that a cooling housing market will dampen growth in mortgages, and we anticipate higher credit costs as cyclical lows from 2019 begin to normalize.",
    "output": "[Cause] a cooling housing market [Relation] prevent [Effect] growth in mortgages",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the transition to the cloud [Relation] enable [Effect] prompting enterprises to change software vendors away from all-in-one ERP systems to application specific",
    "input": "Additionally, the transition to the cloud is prompting enterprises to change software vendors away from all-in-one ERP systems to application specific that are best of breed.",
    "output": "[Cause] the transition to the cloud [Relation] cause [Effect] enterprises to change software vendors away from all-in-one ERP systems to application specific that are best of breed",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Vogtle is completed and penalty returns on equity fade [Relation] cause [Effect] annual earnings growth at Georgia Power to accelerate to high-single digits",
    "input": "We expect annual earnings growth at Georgia Power to accelerate to high-single digits after Vogtle is completed and penalty returns on equity fade.",
    "output": "[Cause] annual earnings growth at Georgia Power to accelerate to high-single digits [Relation] enable [Effect] after Vogtle is completed and penalty returns on equity fade",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] 94% of its medical office building assets are affiliated with a health system [Relation] cause [Effect] Healthpeak has established itself as a desirable partner with some of the top hospitals",
    "input": "Healthpeak has established itself as a desirable partner with some of the top hospitals, as 94% of its medical office building assets are affiliated with a health system.",
    "output": "[Cause] 94% of its medical office building assets are affiliated with a health system [Relation] enable [Effect] Healthpeak has established itself as a desirable partner with some of the top hospitals",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the substantial costs at failure [Relation] cause [Effect] we don't expect the military will switch its provider for missile defense systems any day soon",
    "input": "Given the substantial costs at failure, we don't expect the military will switch its provider for missile defense systems any day soon.",
    "output": "[Cause] the substantial costs at failure [Relation] cause [Effect] we don't expect the military will switch its provider for missile defense systems any day soon",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] upwardly revised cost synergy [Relation] cause [Effect] lower share count",
    "input": "Following Wesco's third-quarter results, we increased our fair value estimate 10% to $100 per share primarily due to our upwardly revised cost synergy assumptions but also lower share count.",
    "output": "[Cause] our upwardly revised cost synergy assumptions [Relation] cause [Effect] we increased our fair value estimate 10% to $100 per share",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Department of Justice wrapped up its investigation into off-label use of the Infuse product without issuing any charges [Relation] cause [Effect] the controversy around the investigation added uncertainty and contributed to a decline in Infuse sales during that period",
    "input": "Department of Justice wrapped up its investigation into off-label use of the Infuse product without issuing any charges, the controversy around the investigation added uncertainty and contributed to a decline in Infuse sales during that period.",
    "output": "[Cause] the controversy around the investigation added uncertainty [Relation] cause [Effect] a decline in Infuse sales during that period",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the time lag associated with adjusting fuel surcharges to shippers [Relation] cause [Effect] During periods of rapid fuel price increases, truckload carriers often see modest temporary margin headwinds",
    "input": "During periods of rapid fuel price increases, truckload carriers often see modest temporary margin headwinds because of the time lag associated with adjusting fuel surcharges to shippers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the time lag associated with adjusting fuel surcharges to shippers [Relation] cause [Effect] During periods of rapid fuel price increases, truckload carriers often see modest temporary margin headwinds",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] shippers may choose to accelerate or delay certain projects [Relation] cause [Effect] the cyclical supply and demand nature of commodities and related pricing can have an indirect impact on the business",
    "input": "However, the cyclical supply and demand nature of commodities and related pricing can have an indirect impact on the business as shippers may choose to accelerate or delay certain projects.",
    "output": "[Cause] shippers may choose to accelerate or delay certain projects [Relation] cause [Effect] the cyclical supply and demand nature of commodities and related pricing can have an indirect impact on the business",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] State and federal regulators typically grant regulated utilities exclusive rights to charge customers rates [Relation] enable [Effect] the utilities to earn a fair return on and of the capital they invest to build, operate, and maintain their distribution networks.",
    "input": "State and federal regulators typically grant regulated utilities exclusive rights to charge customers rates that allow the utilities to earn a fair return on and of the capital they invest to build, operate, and maintain their distribution networks.",
    "output": "[Cause] State and federal regulators [Relation] enable [Effect] regulated utilities to charge customers rates",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  this industry as being exposed to shifts in government policy [Relation] cause [Effect] either hurt or help the company",
    "input": "We also see this industry as being exposed to shifts in government policy that could either hurt or help the company.",
    "output": "[Cause] this industry as being exposed to shifts in government policy [Relation] cause [Effect] either hurt or help the company",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Infineon also has hefty manufacturing capacity for its products [Relation] cause [Effect] a higher fixed-cost structure",
    "input": "Infineon also has hefty manufacturing capacity for its products, which may lead to a higher fixed-cost structure and may cause significant margin compression when supply far exceeds demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] Infineon also has hefty manufacturing capacity for its products [Relation] cause [Effect] a higher fixed-cost structure",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Fee rates for the contracts are typically set based on independent analysis of similar assets at other refineries in the region [Relation] cause [Effect] we see returns on invested capital averaging around 10%-11% over the next five years (including the acquisition of Andeavor Logistics), in excess of our weighted average cost of capital",
    "input": "Fee rates for the contracts are typically set based on independent analysis of similar assets at other refineries in the region. As a result, we see returns on invested capital averaging around 10%-11% over the next five years (including the acquisition of Andeavor Logistics), in excess of our weighted average cost of capital.",
    "output": "[Cause] Fee rates for the contracts are typically set based on independent analysis of similar assets at other refineries in the region [Relation] cause [Effect] we see returns on invested capital averaging around 10%-11% over the next five years (including the acquisition of Andeavor Logistics), in excess of our weighted average cost of capital",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Only Samsung, which holds the leading share of both the NAND and DRAM memory markets [Relation] enable [Effect] squeak out a cost advantage with its unparalleled scale",
    "input": "Only Samsung, which holds the leading share of both the NAND and DRAM memory markets, has been able to squeak out a cost advantage with its unparalleled scale.",
    "output": "[Cause] its unparalleled scale [Relation] enable [Effect] Samsung, which holds the leading share of both the NAND and DRAM memory markets, has been able to squeak out a cost advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] China Unicom has also made a strong push in mobiles in 2017 and 2018 [Relation] enable [Effect] lift competitive intensity in the market",
    "input": "China Unicom has also made a strong push in mobiles in 2017 and 2018 and has helped lift competitive intensity in the market.",
    "output": "[Cause] China Unicom has also made a strong push in mobiles in 2017 and 2018 [Relation] enable [Effect] lift competitive intensity in the market",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the pandemic recedes [Relation] cause [Effect] discretionary services set to bounce back",
    "input": "With discretionary services set to bounce back as the pandemic recedes, Willis Towers Watson could see unusually strong growth in the near term.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic recedes [Relation] cause [Effect] discretionary services set to bounce back",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] discretionary services set to bounce back [Relation] enable [Effect] Willis Towers Watson could see unusually strong growth in the near term",
    "input": "With discretionary services set to bounce back as the pandemic recedes, Willis Towers Watson could see unusually strong growth in the near term.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic recedes [Relation] cause [Effect] the pandemic recedes",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] constantly taste the stew and adjust the seasoning and ingredients [Relation] cause [Effect]  create the perfect recipe",
    "input": "As they are putting together the ingredients and seasoning the dish, they have to constantly taste the stew and adjust the seasoning and ingredients to create the perfect recipe.",
    "output": "[Cause] they are putting together the ingredients and seasoning the dish [Relation] cause [Effect] they have to constantly taste the stew and adjust the seasoning and ingredients to create the perfect recipe",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] management introduced the Veeva Vault platform [Relation] enable [Effect] broaden the portfolio",
    "input": "As a follow-on to the initial introduction of CRM, management introduced the Veeva Vault platform to broaden the portfolio that addresses the largely unmet needs of the life sciences industry outside of CRM.",
    "output": "[Cause] a follow-on to the initial introduction of CRM [Relation] enable [Effect] management introduced the Veeva Vault platform to broaden the portfolio that addresses the largely unmet needs of the life sciences industry outside of CRM",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the operator on over 50% of Viper's acreage, and further acquisitions of acreage from private owners [Relation] cause [Effect] a bright outlook via organic drilling growth at Diamondback",
    "input": "It has a bright outlook via organic drilling growth at Diamondback, which will be the operator on over 50% of Viper's acreage, and further acquisitions of acreage from private owners.",
    "output": "[Cause] organic drilling growth at Diamondback [Relation] enable [Effect] It has a bright outlook",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Tax documents from financial institutions customers have linked their Mint accounts to will automatically feed into TurboTax if cleared by the customer [Relation] enable [Effect]  making TurboTax renewals more likely",
    "input": "Tax documents from financial institutions customers have linked their Mint accounts to will automatically feed into TurboTax if cleared by the customer, making TurboTax renewals more likely, in our view.",
    "output": "[Cause] Tax documents from financial institutions customers have linked their Mint accounts to will automatically feed into TurboTax if cleared by the customer [Relation] enable [Effect] making TurboTax renewals more likely",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] CIOs continue to consolidate vendors [Relation] cause [Effect]  the combination of Azure, DBMS, Dynamics 365, and Office 365 will drive above-market growth",
    "input": "We believe the combination of Azure, DBMS, Dynamics 365, and Office 365 will drive above-market growth as CIOs continue to consolidate vendors.",
    "output": "[Cause] CIOs continue to consolidate vendors [Relation] cause [Effect] the combination of Azure, DBMS, Dynamics 365, and Office 365 will drive above-market growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the city is home to China's wealthy and political elite [Relation] cause [Effect] CITIC Prudential Life focuses on selling wealth management products as well as advice on legacy planning and intergenerational insurance solutions",
    "input": "Here, because the city is home to China's wealthy and political elite, CITIC Prudential Life focuses on selling wealth management products as well as advice on legacy planning and intergenerational insurance solutions.",
    "output": "[Cause] the city is home to China's wealthy and political elite [Relation] cause [Effect] CITIC Prudential Life focuses on selling wealth management products as well as advice on legacy planning and intergenerational insurance solutions",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] After the 2005 merger of TD Waterhouse and Ameritrade, Broadridge lost TD Waterhouse as a client [Relation] cause [Effect]  Ameritrade completed its securities processing in-house.",
    "input": "After the 2005 merger of TD Waterhouse and Ameritrade, Broadridge lost TD Waterhouse as a client because Ameritrade completed its securities processing in-house.",
    "output": "[Cause] Ameritrade completed its securities processing in-house [Relation] cause [Effect] After the 2005 merger of TD Waterhouse and Ameritrade, Broadridge lost TD Waterhouse as a client",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] growth in sporting goods retail has generally been minimal due to external competition [Relation] cause [Effect] the impact is temporary",
    "input": "Although its sales soared during the pandemic, we believe the impact is temporary, as growth in sporting goods retail has generally been minimal due to external competition.",
    "output": "[Cause] growth in sporting goods retail has generally been minimal due to external competition [Relation] cause [Effect] the impact is temporary",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the quality of the company's offering [Relation] cause [Effect]  they tend to increasingly stay on the platform",
    "input": "And once hosts and guests become aware of Airbnb's network they tend to increasingly stay on the platform, highlighting the quality of the company's offering.",
    "output": "[Cause] hosts and guests become aware of Airbnb's network [Relation] enable [Effect] increasingly stay on the platform",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] acquisition [Relation] enable [Effect] PTC has recently expanded from its core CAD and PLM solutions into Internet of Things and Augmented Reality (AR) offerings",
    "input": "PTC has recently expanded from its core CAD and PLM solutions into Internet of Things and Augmented Reality (AR) offerings--largely via acquisition.",
    "output": "[Cause] acquisition [Relation] enable [Effect] PTC has recently expanded from its core CAD and PLM solutions into Internet of Things and Augmented Reality (AR) offerings",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The industry's pricing transparency and significantly lower regulatory oversight [Relation] cause [Effect]  the rise of competition from Internet retailers and equipment manufacturers",
    "input": "The industry's pricing transparency and significantly lower regulatory oversight have allowed the rise of competition from Internet retailers and equipment manufacturers, eroding most of these firms' switching costs and shifting the competitive landscape.",
    "output": "[Cause] The industry's pricing transparency and significantly lower regulatory oversight [Relation] enable [Effect] the rise of competition from Internet retailers and equipment manufacturers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The industry's pricing transparency and significantly lower regulatory oversight [Relation] cause [Effect] eroding most of these firms' switching costs and shifting the competitive landscape",
    "input": "The industry's pricing transparency and significantly lower regulatory oversight have allowed the rise of competition from Internet retailers and equipment manufacturers, eroding most of these firms' switching costs and shifting the competitive landscape.",
    "output": "[Cause] The industry's pricing transparency and significantly lower regulatory oversight [Relation] enable [Effect] eroding most of these firms' switching costs and shifting the competitive landscape",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Exact's early entrant status in pan-cancer and Cologuard's existing share [Relation] enable [Effect]  sustain growth over the next 10 years",
    "input": "Though our outlook on Exact Sciences is uncertain, with significant competition expected to enter the early-screening market over the next decade, we think Exact's early entrant status in pan-cancer and Cologuard's existing share could help sustain growth over the next 10 years.",
    "output": "[Cause] Exact's early entrant status in pan-cancer and Cologuard's existing share [Relation] enable [Effect] sustain growth over the next 10 years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Longtime seating firms such as Adient have decades of knowledge of what automakers and consumers want in a seat or interior [Relation] enable [Effect] a helpful intangible asset in keeping new entrants out",
    "input": "Longtime seating firms such as Adient have decades of knowledge of what automakers and consumers want in a seat or interior, a helpful intangible asset in keeping new entrants out.",
    "output": "[Cause] Longtime seating firms such as Adient have decades of knowledge of what automakers and consumers want in a seat or interior [Relation] enable [Effect] a helpful intangible asset in keeping new entrants out",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the diesel scandal [Relation] cause [Effect] Volkswagen global sales declined 2% in 2015 but have rebounded since, finishing 2019 at nearly 11 million",
    "input": "Owing to the diesel scandal, Volkswagen global sales declined 2% in 2015 but have rebounded since, finishing 2019 at nearly 11 million.",
    "output": "[Cause] the diesel scandal [Relation] cause [Effect] Volkswagen global sales declined 2% in 2015 but have rebounded since, finishing 2019 at nearly 11 million",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  hard to compile an attractively priced provider network without a significant membership share of that caregivers' patient population [Relation] cause [Effect] dynamics create barriers",
    "input": "Overall, we think these dynamics create barriers to entry for new competitors in local markets because it is hard to compile an attractively priced provider network without a significant membership share of that caregivers' patient population.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is difficult to compile an attractively priced provider network without a significant membership share of that caregivers' patient population [Relation] cause [Effect] we think these dynamics create barriers to entry for new competitors in local markets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Following significant core sales declines across all three segments in 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] an average annual organic revenue growth rate for the firm of approximately 6.5% through 2025",
    "input": "Following significant core sales declines across all three segments in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we forecast an average annual organic revenue growth rate for the firm of approximately 6.5% through 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] an average annual organic revenue growth rate for the firm of approximately 6.5% through 2025",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] brand relevance remains at the segment [Relation] cause [Effect] comps that rise 2%-3% on average over the long term",
    "input": "But for Bath &amp; Body Works, the segment posted 5% same-store sales over the past five years, and we expect comps that rise 2%-3% on average over the long term as brand relevance remains at the segment.",
    "output": "[Cause] brand relevance remains at the segment [Relation] cause [Effect] comps that rise 2%-3% on average over the long term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the growing demand for exports of refined products and NGLs [Relation] cause [Effect] The facility is particularly important",
    "input": "The facility is particularly important because of the growing demand for exports of refined products and NGLs, and access to five docks is an important competitive advantage given geographic constraints.",
    "output": "[Cause] the growing demand for exports of refined products and NGLs [Relation] enable [Effect] The facility is particularly important",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] geographic constraints [Relation] cause [Effect] access to five docks is an important competitive advantage",
    "input": "The facility is particularly important because of the growing demand for exports of refined products and NGLs, and access to five docks is an important competitive advantage given geographic constraints.",
    "output": "[Cause] the growing demand for exports of refined products and NGLs [Relation] cause [Effect] The facility is particularly important",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] many sites and apps allow fast login through Weixin ID and QQ ID [Relation] cause [Effect] without Weixin/Weixin ID and QQ ID, users may need to spend more time registering on a new Internet service or a new mobile app",
    "input": "In addition, without Weixin/Weixin ID and QQ ID, users may need to spend more time registering on a new Internet service or a new mobile app, as many sites and apps allow fast login through Weixin ID and QQ ID.",
    "output": "[Cause] many sites and apps allow fast login through Weixin ID and QQ ID [Relation] cause [Effect] without Weixin/Weixin ID and QQ ID, users may need to spend more time registering on a new Internet service or a new mobile app",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company shifts more toward areas of unmet medical need [Relation] cause [Effect] After several years of mixed results, Merck's R&D productivity is improving",
    "input": "After several years of mixed results, Merck's R&D productivity is improving as the company shifts more toward areas of unmet medical need.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company shifts more toward areas of unmet medical need [Relation] cause [Effect] After several years of mixed results, Merck's R&D productivity is improving",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] sustained low oil and gas prices [Relation] prevent [Effect]  electricity demand in Texas",
    "input": "We expect electricity demand to rebound to prepandemic levels on a nationwide basis, but sustained low oil and gas prices could be a drag on electricity demand in Texas, where NRG has the bulk of its business.",
    "output": "[Cause] sustained low oil and gas prices [Relation] prevent [Effect] electricity demand in Texas",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  using an augmented reality app to check off a grocery list at Whole Foods or a cruise line integrating a passenger badge/sensor system [Relation] enable [Effect] a more effortless cruise experience",
    "input": "This could include using an augmented reality app to check off a grocery list at Whole Foods or a cruise line integrating a passenger badge/sensor system for a more effortless cruise experience.",
    "output": "[Cause] using an augmented reality app to check off a grocery list at Whole Foods or a cruise line integrating a passenger badge/sensor system [Relation] enable [Effect] a more effortless cruise experience",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a fourth mobile network already established in the market [Relation] cause [Effect]  the French government is very unlikely to facilitate the entrance of a new player or approve any market consolidation by Orange's smaller competitors",
    "input": "Additionally, with a fourth mobile network already established in the market, we think the French government is very unlikely to facilitate the entrance of a new player or approve any market consolidation by Orange's smaller competitors.",
    "output": "[Cause] a fourth mobile network already established in the market [Relation] cause [Effect] the French government is very unlikely to facilitate the entrance of a new player or approve any market consolidation by Orange's smaller competitors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Sinopec's size [Relation] prevent [Effect]  it needs projects of a certain size and quality in order to increase reserves and production cost-effectively",
    "input": "Additionally, given Sinopec's size, it needs projects of a certain size and quality in order to increase reserves and production cost-effectively, but that will be difficult, in our view.",
    "output": "[Cause] projects of a certain size and quality [Relation] enable [Effect] increase reserves and production cost-effectively",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] all levels offset market share losses to Android Automotive [Relation] cause [Effect] strong growth for QNX as content gains with AVs",
    "input": "We also expect strong growth for QNX as content gains with AVs of all levels offset market share losses to Android Automotive.",
    "output": "[Cause] content gains with AVs of all levels offset market share losses to Android Automotive [Relation] cause [Effect] We also expect strong growth for QNX",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] competitive pressures will ultimately resurface in its retail categories [Relation] cause [Effect]  it imperative that Kimberly keeps pressing ahead",
    "input": "And we think competitive pressures will ultimately resurface in its retail categories, making it imperative that Kimberly keeps pressing ahead to ensure its innovation wins with its customer groups.",
    "output": "[Cause] competitive pressures [Relation] cause [Effect] resurface in its retail categories",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it imperative that Kimberly keeps pressing ahead [Relation] enable [Effect]  its innovation wins with its customer groups",
    "input": "And we think competitive pressures will ultimately resurface in its retail categories, making it imperative that Kimberly keeps pressing ahead to ensure its innovation wins with its customer groups.",
    "output": "[Cause] competitive pressures [Relation] cause [Effect] resurface in its retail categories",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] 80% of its sales come from footwear [Relation] cause [Effect] The boots category is especially important for the Timberland brand",
    "input": "The boots category is especially important for the Timberland brand, as we estimate that 80% of its sales come from footwear.",
    "output": "[Cause] 80% of its sales come from footwear [Relation] cause [Effect] The boots category is especially important for the Timberland brand",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  growth investments bear fruit [Relation] cause [Effect] Scale should come with cost leverage",
    "input": "Scale should come with cost leverage as growth investments bear fruit, with the unit clearing management's 15% segment adjusted EBITDA margin target in fiscal 2021 (we assume growth to nearly 20% by fiscal 2030).",
    "output": "[Cause] growth investments bear fruit [Relation] cause [Effect] Scale should come with cost leverage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Emerson, furthermore, has continued its product innovation by eliminating complex installations with an all-welded spool design that doesn't require an orifice plate [Relation] enable [Effect]  supports up to four individual flow transmitters, and further tolerates extreme temperature conditions, whereas previous iterations would have broken down the instrumentation",
    "input": "Emerson, furthermore, has continued its product innovation by eliminating complex installations with an all-welded spool design that doesn't require an orifice plate. This design supports up to four individual flow transmitters, and further tolerates extreme temperature conditions, whereas previous iterations would have broken down the instrumentation.",
    "output": "[Cause] Emerson, furthermore, has continued its product innovation by eliminating complex installations with an all-welded spool design that doesn't require an orifice plate [Relation] enable [Effect] supports up to four individual flow transmitters, and further tolerates extreme temperature conditions, whereas previous iterations would have broken down the instrumentation",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its target customer is constantly aging, necessitating continuous engagement with new shoppers and households [Relation] prevent [Effect]  sheer brand-building expenditures' ability to create durable customer loyalty",
    "input": "Robust advertising initiatives are especially important as its target customer is constantly aging, necessitating continuous engagement with new shoppers and households that limits sheer brand-building expenditures' ability to create durable customer loyalty.",
    "output": "[Cause] its target customer is constantly aging [Relation] cause [Effect] necessitating new shoppers and households",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a period of HDD oversupply hitting sometime around 2024 [Relation] cause [Effect] shrink the top line",
    "input": "We predict a period of HDD oversupply hitting sometime around 2024 to shrink the top line, but for Seagate's HDD sales to return to a midcycle growth rate of 2% thereafter.",
    "output": "[Cause] a period of HDD oversupply hitting sometime around 2024 [Relation] enable [Effect] shrink the top line",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the introduction of the Credit Rating Agency Reform Act of 2006 [Relation] enable [Effect] the number of firms with an NRSRO designation has increased (to about 10)",
    "input": "Even though the number of firms with an NRSRO designation has increased (to about 10) since the introduction of the Credit Rating Agency Reform Act of 2006, we believe the network effects have been strong enough to only result in limited traction of other rating agencies.",
    "output": "[Cause] the network effects [Relation] cause [Effect] limited traction of other rating agencies",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Whether its big-box retailers or small-format outlets like convenience stores, the thin margins and technological disruption that have defined this industry will continue to drive an appetite for increased scale and resources [Relation] cause [Effect] the axes of negotiation (regarding price increases, shelf sets, and the like) to tilt more toward National Beverage's retail partners",
    "input": "Whether its big-box retailers or small-format outlets like convenience stores, the thin margins and technological disruption that have defined this industry will continue to drive an appetite for increased scale and resources. This reality could cause the axes of negotiation (regarding price increases, shelf sets, and the like) to tilt more toward National Beverage's retail partners.",
    "output": "[Cause] Whether its big-box retailers or small-format outlets like convenience stores, the thin margins and technological disruption that have defined this industry will continue to drive an appetite for increased scale and resources [Relation] cause [Effect] the axes of negotiation (regarding price increases, shelf sets, and the like) to tilt more toward National Beverage's retail partners",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] searchability is an especially valued, critical upgrade from a physical copy [Relation] cause [Effect] digital journal products are often priced at a premium to their print counterparts",
    "input": "Contrary to other publications, digital journal products are often priced at a premium to their print counterparts, as searchability is an especially valued, critical upgrade from a physical copy.",
    "output": "[Cause] searchability is an especially valued, critical upgrade from a physical copy [Relation] cause [Effect] digital journal products are often priced at a premium to their print counterparts",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] these programs, so a poorly executed development would financially strain L3Harris [Relation] cause [Effect] The contractor bears the financial risk of cost overruns",
    "input": "The contractor bears the financial risk of cost overruns for these programs, so a poorly executed development would financially strain L3Harris.",
    "output": "[Cause] The contractor bears the financial risk of cost overruns for these programs [Relation] cause [Effect] a poorly executed development would financially strain L3Harris",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The firm's unique ability to control costs [Relation] enable [Effect] gives it the highest operating margins of its peer group and allows it to quickly bring its numerous acquisitions up to firmwide profitability",
    "input": "The firm's unique ability to control costs gives it the highest operating margins of its peer group and allows it to quickly bring its numerous acquisitions up to firmwide profitability.",
    "output": "[Cause] The firm's unique ability to control costs [Relation] enable [Effect] gives it the highest operating margins of its peer group and allows it to quickly [Effect] rwwide profitability",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increasingly efficient processes improve an agent's ability to resolve issues for customers in a timely manner [Relation] enable [Effect] Nice benefits from switching costs on this front",
    "input": "We believe Nice benefits from switching costs on this front as increasingly efficient processes improve an agent's ability to resolve issues for customers in a timely manner, which makes customers more likely to stay with the company.",
    "output": "[Cause] increasingly efficient processes [Relation] enable [Effect] an agent's ability to resolve issues for customers in a timely manner",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increasingly efficient processes improve an agent's ability to resolve issues for customers in a timely manner [Relation] cause [Effect] makes customers more likely to stay with the company",
    "input": "We believe Nice benefits from switching costs on this front as increasingly efficient processes improve an agent's ability to resolve issues for customers in a timely manner, which makes customers more likely to stay with the company.",
    "output": "[Cause] Nice benefits from switching costs on this front [Relation] enable [Effect] an agent's ability to resolve issues for customers in a timely manner",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the exclusivity agreement with the da Vinci surgical system [Relation] cause [Effect] Teleflex's Hem-O-Lock system has some trace switching costs",
    "input": "In our view, Teleflex's Hem-O-Lock system has some trace switching costs because of the exclusivity agreement with the da Vinci surgical system, a robotic system made by Intuitive Surgical that is used for a wide range of surgical procedures, including prostatectomies, cardiac repair, and gynecologic procedures.",
    "output": "[Cause] the exclusivity agreement with the da Vinci surgical system [Relation] cause [Effect] Teleflex's Hem-O-Lock system has some trace switching costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the banks still have the most dominant branch and distribution networks [Relation] cause [Effect] we don't think will change in the near term",
    "input": "This gives the bank scale and exposure to this higher-margin, fee-based business, which we don't think will change in the near term as the banks still have the most dominant branch and distribution networks.",
    "output": "[Cause] the banks still have the most dominant branch and distribution networks [Relation] cause [Effect] we don't think will change in the near term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Keurig has the broadest assortment of flavor, style, and product offerings (it even includes tea and cocoa), due to its partner ecosystem, and this is often cited by consumers as their primary reason for purchasing Keurig brewers or other systems that are K-cup compatible [Relation] enable [Effect]  a kind of network advantage that makes it more difficult for fledgling systems to gain penetration",
    "input": "Keurig has the broadest assortment of flavor, style, and product offerings (it even includes tea and cocoa), due to its partner ecosystem, and this is often cited by consumers as their primary reason for purchasing Keurig brewers or other systems that are K-cup compatible. This gives rise to a kind of network advantage that makes it more difficult for fledgling systems to gain penetration.",
    "output": "[Cause] Keurig has the broadest assortment of flavor, style, and product offerings (it even includes tea and cocoa), due to its partner ecosystem, and this is often cited by consumers as their primary reason for purchasing Keurig brewers or other systems that are K-cup compatible [Relation] cause [Effect] a kind of network advantage that makes it more difficult for fledgling systems to gain penetration",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] C&amp;I has the least amount of capital deployed (due to limited goodwill) [Relation] enable [Effect]  better returns on invested capital",
    "input": "In addition, of HD Supply's businesses, C&amp;I has the least amount of capital deployed (due to limited goodwill) which supports better returns on invested capital.",
    "output": "[Cause] of HD Supply's businesses, C&amp;I has the least amount of capital deployed [Relation] cause [Effect] supports better returns on invested capital",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  nearly half of its sales (47% in fiscal 2018) are generated from aftermarket parts and consumables [Relation] cause [Effect] Nordson generates a healthy stream of recurring revenue tied to its large installed base",
    "input": "Nordson generates a healthy stream of recurring revenue tied to its large installed base, as nearly half of its sales (47% in fiscal 2018) are generated from aftermarket parts and consumables.",
    "output": "[Cause] nearly half of its sales (47% in fiscal 2018) are generated from aftermarket parts and consumables [Relation] cause [Effect] Nordson generates a healthy stream of recurring revenue tied to its large installed base",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  COVID-19 incidents in China [Relation] cause [Effect] EDU expects year-over-year margin improvement in fourth-quarter fiscal 2021",
    "input": "EDU expects year-over-year margin improvement in fourth-quarter fiscal 2021 amid scattered COVID-19 incidents in China, given that EDU expect smaller players may exit the market post-OVID-19, which gives EDU more opportunities to increase its market share.",
    "output": "[Cause] EDU expect smaller players may exit the market post-OVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] EDU more opportunities to increase its market share",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  EDU expect smaller players may exit the market post-OVID-19 [Relation] enable [Effect]  EDU more opportunities to increase its market share",
    "input": "EDU expects year-over-year margin improvement in fourth-quarter fiscal 2021 amid scattered COVID-19 incidents in China, given that EDU expect smaller players may exit the market post-OVID-19, which gives EDU more opportunities to increase its market share.",
    "output": "[Cause] EDU expect smaller players may exit the market post-OVID-19 [Relation] enable [Effect] EDU more opportunities to increase its market share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] air cargo growth [Relation] cause [Effect] JBT's airport equipment",
    "input": "Additionally, we think air cargo growth will be the biggest driver for JBT's airport equipment, along with general infrastructure spending.",
    "output": "[Cause] air cargo growth [Relation] enable [Effect] JBT's airport equipment",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] worsening sentiment [Relation] cause [Effect] Worsening credit behavior and anemic growth",
    "input": "Worsening credit behavior and anemic growth, a natural consequence of worsening sentiment, could see the bank earn returns below its cost of capital in the near term, as they did in the third quarter of 2020.",
    "output": "[Cause] Worsening credit behavior and anemic growth [Relation] cause [Effect] the bank earn returns below its cost of capital in the near term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] its e-commerce increased 53% to about EUR 4.2 billion in 2020 from just EUR 200 million in 2012",
    "input": "The company sells products through digital channels in more than 50 countries and, aided by the pandemic, its e-commerce increased 53% to about EUR 4.2 billion in 2020 from just EUR 200 million in 2012.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic [Relation] enable [Effect] its e-commerce increased 53% to about EUR 4.2 billion in 2020 from just EUR 200 million in 2012",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company generates over 50% more revenue per vehicle for an electric vehicle versus an internal combustion engine vehicle [Relation] cause [Effect] DuPont is also exposed to the electrification of vehicles",
    "input": "DuPont is also exposed to the electrification of vehicles as the company generates over 50% more revenue per vehicle for an electric vehicle versus an internal combustion engine vehicle.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company generates over 50% more revenue per vehicle for an electric vehicle versus an internal combustion engine vehicle [Relation] cause [Effect] DuPont is also exposed to the electrification of vehicles",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Telus' fiber to the premises, or FTTP, network upgrade over most of its footprint [Relation] cause [Effect] higher pricing and market share gains",
    "input": "We think Telus' fiber to the premises, or FTTP, network upgrade over most of its footprint will lead to higher pricing and market share gains.",
    "output": "[Cause] Telus' fiber to the premises, or FTTP, network upgrade over most of its footprint [Relation] enable [Effect] higher pricing and market share gains",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] digital work means more uncertainty for customers [Relation] cause [Effect] they might again turn to best-in-breed providers like Accenture",
    "input": "We think that Accenture derives excess returns from reputation as an intangible asset, as unlike traditional advertising projects, digital work means more uncertainty for customers, so they might again turn to best-in-breed providers like Accenture.",
    "output": "[Cause] digital work means more uncertainty for customers [Relation] cause [Effect] they might again turn to best-in-breed providers like Accenture",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a lack of financial flexibility [Relation] prevent [Effect] the company's ability to respond to consumers' changing desires",
    "input": "Furthermore, a lack of financial flexibility limited the company's ability to respond to consumers' changing desires, resulting in declining sales as low-carb diets and clean eating movements swept the nation.",
    "output": "[Cause] a lack of financial flexibility [Relation] prevent [Effect] the company's ability to respond to consumers' changing desires",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] aftermarket service and part replacement in the water infrastructure and applied water segments as well as long-term customer contracts in the measurement and control solutions segment [Relation] cause [Effect]  almost half of the company's revenue is recurring",
    "input": "Xylem's risk is somewhat mitigated by its large installed base, as almost half of the company's revenue is recurring, driven by aftermarket service and part replacement in the water infrastructure and applied water segments as well as long-term customer contracts in the measurement and control solutions segment.",
    "output": "[Cause] its large installed base [Relation] cause [Effect] Xylem's risk is somewhat mitigated",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  almost half of the company's revenue is recurring [Relation] enable [Effect] Xylem's risk is somewhat mitigated",
    "input": "Xylem's risk is somewhat mitigated by its large installed base, as almost half of the company's revenue is recurring, driven by aftermarket service and part replacement in the water infrastructure and applied water segments as well as long-term customer contracts in the measurement and control solutions segment.",
    "output": "[Cause] almost half of the company's revenue is recurring [Relation] cause [Effect] Xylem's risk is somewhat mitigated",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ongoing industry competitiveness [Relation] prevent [Effect] pricing power",
    "input": "Over time, gross margins could reach 38% as volume increases and negotiating leverage improve occupancy costs, while ongoing industry competitiveness constrains pricing power.",
    "output": "[Cause] volume increases and negotiating leverage improve occupancy costs [Relation] enable [Effect] gross margins could reach 38%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] volume increases and negotiating leverage [Relation] enable [Effect] improve occupancy costs",
    "input": "Over time, gross margins could reach 38% as volume increases and negotiating leverage improve occupancy costs, while ongoing industry competitiveness constrains pricing power.",
    "output": "[Cause] negotiating leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] gross margins could reach 38%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] volume increases and negotiating leverage improve occupancy costs, while ongoing industry competitiveness constrains pricing power [Relation] enable [Effect] gross margins could reach 38%",
    "input": "Over time, gross margins could reach 38% as volume increases and negotiating leverage improve occupancy costs, while ongoing industry competitiveness constrains pricing power.",
    "output": "[Cause] ongoing industry competitiveness [Relation] prevent [Effect] pricing power",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the top line continues to belie any disruption from COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] near-term sales momentum",
    "input": "We're raising our fair value estimate for Monster to $73 from $67, largely due to time value after rolling our model to 2021, as well as near-term sales momentum as the top line continues to belie any disruption from COVID-19.",
    "output": "[Cause] time value after rolling our model to 2021, as well as near-term sales momentum [Relation] cause [Effect] raising our fair value estimate for Monster to $73 from $67",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the banking industry digitizes and becomes more and more a technology focused industry [Relation] enable [Effect]  new or existing competitors could take share",
    "input": "Though scale and regulatory expertise create barriers to entry, new or existing competitors could take share as the banking industry digitizes and becomes more and more a technology focused industry.",
    "output": "[Cause] the banking industry digitizes and becomes more and more a technology focused industry [Relation] enable [Effect] new or existing competitors could take share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its status as a brokerage [Relation] cause [Effect] it has its own sellers' agents and buyers' agents",
    "input": "Compared with competitors like Zillow, Redfin has a potential advantage in iBuying because it has its own sellers' agents and buyers' agents given its status as a brokerage.",
    "output": "[Cause] it has its own sellers' agents [Relation] cause [Effect] Redfin has a potential advantage in iBuying",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Cogent's IRUs have an average remaining life of around 20 years and come from over 200 different network suppliers [Relation] cause [Effect] Cogent's capital spending now consists primarily of maintenance costs and equipment upgrades, and its capital intensity is materially lower than competitors",
    "input": "Cogent's IRUs have an average remaining life of around 20 years and come from over 200 different network suppliers. As a result, Cogent's capital spending now consists primarily of maintenance costs and equipment upgrades, and its capital intensity is materially lower than competitors.",
    "output": "[Cause] Cogent's IRUs have an average remaining life of around 20 years and come from over 200 different network suppliers [Relation] cause [Effect] Cogent's capital spending now consists primarily of maintenance costs and equipment upgrades, and its capital intensity is materially lower than competitors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company is investing [Relation] enable [Effect] position itself to win in a zero-emission world",
    "input": "The company has exposure to emission regulation, but we think the company is investing to position itself to win in a zero-emission world.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company has exposure to emission regulation [Relation] cause [Effect] the company is investing to position itself to win in a zero-emission world",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] minimal network effects as solutions are being created and shared by external developers [Relation] cause [Effect] Cisco's DevNet does have over 500,000 registered members now",
    "input": "Cisco's DevNet does have over 500,000 registered members now; this may cause minimal network effects as solutions are being created and shared by external developers, but we have not seen widespread product adoption due to network effects at this point.",
    "output": "[Cause] Cisco's DevNet does have over 500,000 registered members now [Relation] cause [Effect] minimal network effects as solutions are being created and shared by external developers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the legalization of cannabis in the U.S. [Relation] cause [Effect] This segment's growth",
    "input": "This segment's growth is closely tied to the legalization of cannabis in the U.S., as its products are frequently used by licensed growers.",
    "output": "[Cause] its products are frequently used by licensed growers [Relation] cause [Effect] This segment's growth is closely tied to the legalization of cannabis in the U.S",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] such benefits are costly to deliver [Relation] cause [Effect] scaled retailers are at an advantage",
    "input": "Rapid part availability, location convenience, and in-store services (in the DIY segment) carry significant weight with purchasers, but as such benefits are costly to deliver, scaled retailers are at an advantage as they can spread service costs (as well as inventory holding expenses) over a large sales base.",
    "output": "[Cause] Rapid part availability, location convenience, and in-store services [in the DIY segment] carry significant weight with purchasers [Relation] cause [Effect] scaled retailers are at an advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] they can spread service costs (as well as inventory holding expenses) over a large sales base [Relation] cause [Effect] such benefits are costly to deliver, scaled retailers are at an advantage",
    "input": "Rapid part availability, location convenience, and in-store services (in the DIY segment) carry significant weight with purchasers, but as such benefits are costly to deliver, scaled retailers are at an advantage as they can spread service costs (as well as inventory holding expenses) over a large sales base.",
    "output": "[Cause] Rapid part availability, location convenience, and in-store services (in the DIY segment) carry significant weight with purchasers [Relation] enable [Effect] scaled retailers are at an advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] poor governance [Relation] cause [Effect] material value destruction",
    "input": "There have been times when poor governance did lead to material value destruction, but we see the risks of a repeat of something like the financial crisis as minimal today.",
    "output": "[Cause] poor governance [Relation] cause [Effect] material value destruction",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  pricing pressures in mortgages persist and interest rates remain close to zero [Relation] cause [Effect] Natwest's banking net interest margin declines in the short term",
    "input": "In this scenario, we assume Natwest's banking net interest margin declines in the short term as pricing pressures in mortgages persist and interest rates remain close to zero.",
    "output": "[Cause] pricing pressures in mortgages persist and interest rates remain close to zero [Relation] cause [Effect] Natwest's banking net interest margin declines in the short term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] criticality of ensuring internal and external users can readily access only what they need [Relation] cause [Effect] customers loathe changing identity cybersecurity vendors",
    "input": "Furthermore, customers loathe changing identity cybersecurity vendors due to criticality of ensuring internal and external users can readily access only what they need.",
    "output": "[Cause] criticality of ensuring internal and external users can readily access only what they need [Relation] cause [Effect] customers loathe changing identity cybersecurity vendors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] purchasing goods (raw materials, packaging) or services (distribution, advertising) [Relation] prevent [Effect] the firm is large enough to have amassed negotiating leverage with suppliers and vendors",
    "input": "Third, we don't believe the firm is large enough to have amassed negotiating leverage with suppliers and vendors, whether purchasing goods (raw materials, packaging) or services (distribution, advertising).",
    "output": "[Cause] purchasing goods (raw materials, packaging) or services (distribution, advertising) [Relation] prevent [Effect] the firm is large enough to have amassed negotiating leverage with suppliers and vendors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  industrial markets to recover [Relation] enable [Effect]  boost freight demand for fleet owners, leading to higher revenue for CNH Industrial",
    "input": "Additionally, we also expect industrial markets to recover, which we think will boost freight demand for fleet owners, leading to higher revenue for CNH Industrial.",
    "output": "[Cause] industrial markets to recover [Relation] enable [Effect] boost freight demand for fleet owners, leading to higher revenue for CNH Industrial",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a majority of Targa's contracts are percentage of proceeds [Relation] cause [Effect] exposing Targa to commodity price risk",
    "input": "We also consider the fee structure to be poor, since we expect a majority of Targa's contracts are percentage of proceeds, or POP, exposing Targa to commodity price risk.",
    "output": "[Cause] we expect a majority of Targa's contracts are percentage of proceeds, or POP [Relation] cause [Effect] the fee structure to be poor",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] exposing Targa to commodity price risk [Relation] cause [Effect]  the fee structure to be poor",
    "input": "We also consider the fee structure to be poor, since we expect a majority of Targa's contracts are percentage of proceeds, or POP, exposing Targa to commodity price risk.",
    "output": "[Cause] a majority of Targa's contracts are percentage of proceeds, or POP [Relation] cause [Effect] exposing Targa to commodity price risk",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] operating margins expanding to 23% in 10 years from 12.0% in 2019 [Relation] cause [Effect]  costs as a percentage of revenue to average 46.2% annually over the next 10 years versus the 43.1% and 48.6% levels reported in 2019 and over the past three years, respectively",
    "input": "We model advertising costs as a percentage of revenue to average 46.2% annually over the next 10 years versus the 43.1% and 48.6% levels reported in 2019 and over the past three years, respectively.  As a result of our revenue and expense forecasts, we see operating margins expanding to 23% in 10 years from 12.0% in 2019.",
    "output": "[Cause] We model advertising costs as a percentage of revenue to average 46.2% annually over the next 10 years versus the 43.1% and 48.6% levels reported in 2019 and over the past three years, respectively [Relation] cause [Effect] our revenue and expense forecasts, we see operating margins expanding to 23% in 10 years from 12.0% in 2019",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] China's demand growth for steel matures [Relation] cause [Effect]  benefit Posco enjoys from its investments in upstream assets relative to pure-play steel mills will be eroded",
    "input": "We believe the benefit Posco enjoys from its investments in upstream assets relative to pure-play steel mills will be eroded in the longer term, owing to our expectations of lower midcycle iron ore and coking coal prices as China's demand growth for steel matures.",
    "output": "[Cause] China's demand for steel matures [Relation] cause [Effect] owing to our expectations of lower midcycle iron ore and coking coal prices",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] oil, steel, and copper prices return to highs experienced during periods of relatively high global economic expansion [Relation] cause [Effect] Economic profitability may be at risk",
    "input": "Economic profitability may be at risk if oil, steel, and copper prices return to highs experienced during periods of relatively high global economic expansion.",
    "output": "[Cause] oil, steel, and copper prices return to highs experienced during periods of relatively high global economic expansion [Relation] cause [Effect] Economic profitability may be at risk",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company's focus on creating connected devices, which remotely monitors the patient's usage and breathing performance [Relation] enable [Effect] entrenches ResMed as a preferred device",
    "input": "The company's focus on creating connected devices, which remotely monitors the patient's usage and breathing performance, entrenches ResMed as a preferred device provider with all three users of the data: patients, the medical practitioner and the payer.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company's focus on creating connected devices [Relation] enable [Effect] remotely monitors the patient's usage and breathing performance",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Based on the average volatility of cash flows from a diverse product portfolio in relatively less discretionary therapeutic market [Relation] enable [Effect] we rate Medtronic's uncertainty as medium",
    "input": "Based on the average volatility of cash flows from a diverse product portfolio in relatively less discretionary therapeutic markets, we rate Medtronic's uncertainty as medium.",
    "output": "[Cause] the average volatility of cash flows from a diverse product portfolio in relatively less discretionary therapeutic markets [Relation] cause [Effect] we rate Medtronic's uncertainty as medium",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the ongoing shift to digital ads [Relation] cause [Effect] TV ad revenue will continue to decline on a secular basis",
    "input": "We project that TV ad revenue will continue to decline on a secular basis due to the ongoing shift to digital ads, but the network will benefit from the 2020 and 2024 presidential elections along with the 2022 midterm elections, leading to flat advertising revenue over fiscal 2020-25.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ongoing shift to digital ads [Relation] cause [Effect] TV ad revenue will continue to decline on a secular basis",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] solid market share gains [Relation] cause [Effect]  lifting our revenue run rate forecast",
    "input": "We expect truck brokerage growth to ease in 2022 as the TL capacity cruch eases and pricing normalizes, but we are nonetheless lifting our revenue run rate forecast given solid market share gains this year.",
    "output": "[Cause] the TL capacity cruch eases and pricing normalizes [Relation] enable [Effect] truck brokerage growth to ease in 2022",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company deals with the effects of industry-driven fee compression [Relation] enable [Effect] top-line growth expected to be mixed during our forecast period",
    "input": "With top-line growth expected to be mixed during our forecast period, as the company deals with the effects of industry-driven fee compression, the net result is a 4.2% compound annual growth rate for revenue during 2021-25 (up from 1.3% previously).",
    "output": "[Cause] the company deals with the effects of industry-driven fee compression [Relation] cause [Effect] top-line growth expected to be mixed during our forecast period",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the truckload market capacity base comprises very small carriers and also due to structural constraints on driver availability [Relation] cause [Effect] Hub's network of over-the-road carriers is highly valuable to shippers throughout the cycle",
    "input": "Similar to several other large incumbents, Hub's network of over-the-road carriers is highly valuable to shippers throughout the cycle, partly because the truckload market capacity base comprises very small carriers and also due to structural constraints on driver availability.",
    "output": "[Cause] the truckload market capacity base comprises very small carriers and also due to structural constraints on driver availability [Relation] cause [Effect] Hub's network of over-the-road carriers is highly valuable to shippers throughout the cycle",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] trade tensions have eased, and weather has generally not been an issue [Relation] cause [Effect] farmers are more confident in the demand outlook",
    "input": "Today, farmers are more confident in the demand outlook, as trade tensions have eased, and weather has generally not been an issue.",
    "output": "[Cause] trade tensions have eased, and weather has generally not been an issue [Relation] cause [Effect] farmers are more confident in the demand outlook",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the benefit of high-margin retransmission revenue will be offset by increased reverse compensation demands from the national broadcasters [Relation] cause [Effect] the average operating margin will fall to 18%, below the current three-year historical average of 22%",
    "input": "We believe that the benefit of high-margin retransmission revenue will be offset by increased reverse compensation demands from the national broadcasters. As a result, we project that the average operating margin will fall to 18%, below the current three-year historical average of 22%.",
    "output": "[Cause] the benefit of high-margin retransmission revenue will be offset by increased reverse compensation demands from the national broadcasters [Relation] cause [Effect] the average operating margin will fall to 18%, below the current three-year historical average of 22%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the competitive environment, the ownership structure of Italian banks, and political influence [Relation] cause [Effect]  the irrational pricing of loans in Italy",
    "input": "We attribute the irrational pricing of loans in Italy to the competitive environment, the ownership structure of Italian banks, and political influence.",
    "output": "[Cause] the competitive environment, the ownership structure of Italian banks, and political influence [Relation] cause [Effect] the irrational pricing of loans in Italy",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the ongoing fluidity of coronavirus [Relation] cause [Effect] most ships remain in layup and others that redeploy could be forced to book within an extremely short booking window, hindering pricing power",
    "input": "But the ongoing fluidity of coronavirus has made deployment efforts difficult, as most ships remain in layup and others that redeploy could be forced to book within an extremely short booking window, hindering pricing power.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ongoing fluidity of coronavirus [Relation] cause [Effect] deployment efforts difficult",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] most ships remain in layup and others that redeploy could be forced to book within an extremely short booking window, hindering pricing power [Relation] cause [Effect] deployment efforts difficult",
    "input": "But the ongoing fluidity of coronavirus has made deployment efforts difficult, as most ships remain in layup and others that redeploy could be forced to book within an extremely short booking window, hindering pricing power.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ongoing fluidity of coronavirus [Relation] cause [Effect] deployment efforts difficult",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] adding cost pressure [Relation] cause [Effect] linger after cost leverage abates",
    "input": "Online sales have skyrocketed, validating Target's digital strategy (using stores as omnichannel fulfillment hubs) but complicating execution and adding cost pressure that could linger after cost leverage abates once sales normalize.",
    "output": "[Cause] cost leverage abates once sales normalize [Relation] cause [Effect] complicating execution and adding cost pressure",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] sales normalize [Relation] cause [Effect] linger after cost leverage abates",
    "input": "Online sales have skyrocketed, validating Target's digital strategy (using stores as omnichannel fulfillment hubs) but complicating execution and adding cost pressure that could linger after cost leverage abates once sales normalize.",
    "output": "[Cause] Online sales have skyrocketed [Relation] cause [Effect] complicating execution and adding cost pressure that could linger after cost leverage abates once sales normalize",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the COVID-19 outbreak [Relation] cause [Effect] this target will likely be lowered",
    "input": "Management's objective is to increase revenue to just under EUR 5.0 billion in 2021, but this target will likely be lowered owing to the COVID-19 outbreak.",
    "output": "[Cause] the COVID-19 outbreak [Relation] cause [Effect] this target will likely be lowered",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The strong intangible brand asset [Relation] cause [Effect] worldwide Barbie sales rising 19%, Hot Wheels increasing 13%, and American Girl higher by 12%",
    "input": "The strong intangible brand asset led to worldwide Barbie sales rising 19%, Hot Wheels increasing 13%, and American Girl higher by 12%.",
    "output": "[Cause] The strong intangible brand asset [Relation] cause [Effect] worldwide Barbie sales rising 19%, Hot Wheels increasing 13%, and American Girl higher by 12%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Carrier's failure to keep pace with global green building standards and product demand trends [Relation] cause [Effect] reputational risk and lost market share",
    "input": "Carrier's failure to keep pace with global green building standards and product demand trends could result in reputational risk and lost market share, but we see a low probability of this risk materializing.",
    "output": "[Cause] Carrier's failure to keep pace with global green building standards and product demand trends [Relation] cause [Effect] reputational risk and lost market share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  think increased spending on sanitation and safety at its manufacturing facilities will act as a near-term offset [Relation] enable [Effect] we view the firm's aims to extract $850 million in costs as prudent",
    "input": "From a profit perspective, we view the firm's aims to extract $850 million in costs as prudent, but think increased spending on sanitation and safety at its manufacturing facilities will act as a near-term offset.",
    "output": "[Cause] increased spending on sanitation and safety at its manufacturing facilities [Relation] prevent [Effect] a near-term offset",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  considerable investments from NAND players [Relation] cause [Effect]  declined to less than $0.40 per gigabyte in 2018",
    "input": "That declined to less than $0.40 per gigabyte in 2018 amid considerable investments from NAND players and we currently estimate it will continue to decrease to between $0.10-$0.15 by 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] That declined to less than $0.40 per gigabyte in 2018 amid considerable investments from NAND players [Relation] cause [Effect] we currently estimate it will continue to decrease to between $0.10-$0.15 by 2022",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] demand for the firm's commercial HVAC and transportation refrigeration products rebounds after 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] Trane's revenue to increase at about a 7.5% compound annual rate (6.5% organic)",
    "input": "Over the next five years, we expect Trane's revenue to increase at about a 7.5% compound annual rate (6.5% organic) as demand for the firm's commercial HVAC and transportation refrigeration products rebounds after 2020.",
    "output": "[Cause] demand for the firm's commercial HVAC and transportation refrigeration products rebounds after 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] we expect Trane's revenue to increase at about a 7.5% compound annual rate",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the need for cheap high-capacity storage in data centers will continue to support the demand for enterprise HDDs [Relation] cause [Effect]  higher average selling prices and margins than PC HDDs",
    "input": "Though the cost advantage of HDDs over SSDs is progressively narrowing, the need for cheap high-capacity storage in data centers will continue to support the demand for enterprise HDDs, which carry higher average selling prices and margins than PC HDDs.",
    "output": "[Cause] the need for cheap high-capacity storage in data centers [Relation] enable [Effect] support the demand for enterprise HDDs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Exact's pan-cancer technology untested in the marketplace [Relation] enable [Effect] there are material upside opportunities and downside risks to our reasonable base-case assumptions",
    "input": "With Exact's pan-cancer technology untested in the marketplace, we think there are material upside opportunities and downside risks to our reasonable base-case assumptions.",
    "output": "[Cause] Exact's pan-cancer technology untested in the marketplace [Relation] cause [Effect] there are material upside opportunities and downside risks to our reasonable base-case assumptions",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] regular mergers and acquisitions, which add goodwill and assets to the firm's capital base [Relation] enable [Effect] Idex has consistently generated returns on invested capital in the upper-mid-teens",
    "input": "As such, despite regular mergers and acquisitions, which add goodwill and assets to the firm's capital base, Idex has consistently generated returns on invested capital in the upper-mid-teens.",
    "output": "[Cause] regular mergers and acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] add goodwill and assets to the firm's capital base",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] determining appropriate rates per Medicaid enrollee [Relation] enable [Effect] states will continue giving Centene the opportunity to generate adequate returns over capital costs for a relatively long period",
    "input": "As a reward for accessing Centene's Medicaid plans that can reduce costs and risks for the states, we think states will continue giving Centene the opportunity to generate adequate returns over capital costs for a relatively long period by determining appropriate rates per Medicaid enrollee.",
    "output": "[Cause] a reward for accessing Centene's Medicaid plans that can reduce costs and risks for the states [Relation] enable [Effect] we think states will continue giving Centene the opportunity to generate adequate returns over capital costs for a relatively long period by determining appropriate rates per Medicaid enrollee",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This creates potential greenhouse gas emissions, effluents, pipeline spills, and opposition and protests [Relation] enable [Effect] push consumers away from fossil fuels in greater numbers",
    "input": "This creates potential greenhouse gas emissions, effluents, pipeline spills, and opposition and protests that in the long run could push consumers away from fossil fuels in greater numbers, resulting in long-term demand erosion.",
    "output": "[Cause] This creates potential greenhouse gas emissions, effluents, pipeline spills, and opposition and protests [Relation] cause [Effect] push consumers away from fossil fuels in greater numbers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher fee-income levels [Relation] cause [Effect]  cost advantages as well as switching costs",
    "input": "We believe this strong deposit share, along with the relationships and reputation Huntington has formed, has resulted in an ability to earn higher returns, in large part due to higher fee-income levels, leading to cost advantages as well as switching costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] this strong deposit share, along with the relationships and reputation Huntington has formed [Relation] cause [Effect] an ability to earn higher returns",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] modest deterioration in P&C underwriting results in the back half of our projection period",
    "input": "We expect higher interest rates to lead to modest deterioration in P&C underwriting results in the back half of our projection period.",
    "output": "[Cause] higher interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] modest deterioration in P&C underwriting results in the back half of our projection period",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Such growth in paid member count, coupled with 4% growth in average revenue per paying user [Relation] cause [Effect] a 18% five-year CAGR in dating revenue growth",
    "input": "Such growth in paid member count, coupled with 4% growth in average revenue per paying user, we think will result in a 18% five-year CAGR in dating revenue growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] Such growth in paid member count, coupled with 4% growth in average revenue per paying user [Relation] cause [Effect] a 18% five-year CAGR in dating revenue growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  this should not affect InterContinental's uncertainty rating [Relation] cause [Effect] potential needs for incremental liquidity",
    "input": "But this should not affect InterContinental's uncertainty rating unless travel demand returns to near zero for an extended period, leading to potential needs for incremental liquidity, which perhaps could occur at value-destructive levels.",
    "output": "[Cause] travel demand returns to near zero for an extended period [Relation] cause [Effect] potential needs for incremental liquidity",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] any headwinds in these areas [Relation] prevent [Effect] clients willingness to pay for the company's services",
    "input": "On the consulting side, revenue can be lumpy, and Marsh & McLennan's exposure is primarily to the health of the employment market and general macroeconomic conditions, as any headwinds in these areas could limit clients willingness to pay for the company's services.",
    "output": "[Cause] the health of the employment market and general macroeconomic conditions [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue can be lumpy",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the health of the employment market and general macroeconomic conditions [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue can be lumpy, and Marsh & McLennan's exposure",
    "input": "On the consulting side, revenue can be lumpy, and Marsh & McLennan's exposure is primarily to the health of the employment market and general macroeconomic conditions, as any headwinds in these areas could limit clients willingness to pay for the company's services.",
    "output": "[Cause] any headwinds in these areas [Relation] cause [Effect] Marsh & McLennan's exposure",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company has been able to better leverage costs on higher COVID-19-related sales [Relation] cause [Effect] 25% comp growth and around 170 basis points of adjusted operating margin improvement (to 10.8%)",
    "input": "For 2020, we expect 25% comp growth and around 170 basis points of adjusted operating margin improvement (to 10.8%) as the company has been able to better leverage costs on higher COVID-19-related sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company has been able to better leverage costs on higher COVID-19-related sales [Relation] cause [Effect] 25% comp growth and around 170 basis points of adjusted operating margin improvement (to 10.8%)",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  sending data back to a centralized data center, which becomes cumbersome for high-bandwidth items and real-time data analysis requirements [Relation] cause [Effect] HCI allows for rapid processing within a localized site, while still being part of the larger network",
    "input": "Instead of sending data back to a centralized data center, which becomes cumbersome for high-bandwidth items and real-time data analysis requirements, HCI allows for rapid processing within a localized site, while still being part of the larger network.",
    "output": "[Cause] instead of sending data back to a centralized data center [Relation] cause [Effect] HCI allows for rapid processing within a localized site, while still being part of the larger network",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] smaller players cannot compete with the scale and cost savings achieved through roll-up acquisitions pursued by the six publicly traded franchise dealerships [Relation] cause [Effect] The industry is consolidating",
    "input": "The industry is consolidating because smaller players cannot compete with the scale and cost savings achieved through roll-up acquisitions pursued by the six publicly traded franchise dealerships.",
    "output": "[Cause] smaller players cannot compete with the scale and cost savings achieved through roll-up acquisitions pursued by the six publicly traded franchise dealerships [Relation] cause [Effect] The industry is consolidating",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] an oil price spike [Relation] cause [Effect] Delta does not hedge fuel costs and would likely face substantial margin pressures",
    "input": "Delta does not hedge fuel costs and would likely face substantial margin pressures in the event of an oil price spike.",
    "output": "[Cause] Delta does not hedge fuel costs [Relation] cause [Effect] substantial margin pressures in the event of an oil price spike",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] AMD hasn't enjoyed the scale, research, and development advantages that Intel holds and proliferates in successive processor generations [Relation] cause [Effect] further share gains for the latter at the expense of the former",
    "input": "As a result, AMD hasn't enjoyed the scale, research, and development advantages that Intel holds and proliferates in successive processor generations, which ultimately led to further share gains for the latter at the expense of the former.",
    "output": "[Cause] AMD hasn't enjoyed the scale, research, and development advantages that Intel holds and proliferates in successive processor generations [Relation] cause [Effect] further share gains for the latter at the expense of the former",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a healthy uptick in construction activity [Relation] cause [Effect] rising material costs",
    "input": "In addition, because the process relies on third parties for key inputs cement and to a lesser extent, aggregates, a healthy uptick in construction activity results in rising material costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] the process relies on third parties for key inputs cement and to a lesser extent, aggregates [Relation] cause [Effect] a healthy uptick in construction activity results in rising material costs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Target laps exceptional pandemic-era growth [Relation] cause [Effect] a low-single-digit fiscal 2021 comparable sales dip",
    "input": "We expect the crisis subsides by midyear, with a low-single-digit fiscal 2021 comparable sales dip as Target laps exceptional pandemic-era growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] the crisis subsides by midyear, with a low-single-digit fiscal 2021 comparable sales dip [Relation] cause [Effect] Target laps exceptional pandemic-era growth",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] companies could experience dropped calls, messages that do not go through, or total system failure [Relation] cause [Effect]  limit internal productivity and cause significant frustration for employees in customer-facing roles",
    "input": "In the worst-case scenario of a failed implementation, companies could experience dropped calls, messages that do not go through, or total system failure, which would limit internal productivity and cause significant frustration for employees in customer-facing roles.",
    "output": "[Cause] companies could experience dropped calls, messages that do not go through, or total system failure [Relation] cause [Effect] limit internal productivity and cause significant frustration for employees in customer-facing roles",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] streamlined production and rising efficiencies [Relation] cause [Effect] curating savings",
    "input": "However, Malibu hasn't rested only on innovation to grow profits, also curating savings through streamlined production and rising efficiencies (through vertical integration).",
    "output": "[Cause] streamlined production and rising efficiencies [Relation] enable [Effect] Malibu hasn't rested only on innovation to grow profits",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 and the increasing uncertainty around the economy and the potential downside [Relation] cause [Effect] assigning the bank a high uncertainty rating",
    "input": "However, due to COVID-19 and the increasing uncertainty around the economy and the potential downside, we are currently assigning the bank a high uncertainty rating.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19 and the increasing uncertainty around the economy and the potential downside [Relation] cause [Effect] assigning the bank a high uncertainty rating",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The transition to 10-, 7-, and 5-nanometer processes at logic and foundry customers has significantly increased the number of multiple patterning-related process steps [Relation] enable [Effect] subsequently expanded Lam's served addressable market",
    "input": "The transition to 10-, 7-, and 5-nanometer processes at logic and foundry customers has significantly increased the number of multiple patterning-related process steps, which subsequently expanded Lam's served addressable market.",
    "output": "[Cause] The transition to 10-, 7-, and 5-nanometer processes at logic and foundry customers [Relation] enable [Effect] increased the number of multiple patterning-related process steps",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the COVID-19 crisis and subsequent lockdowns [Relation] cause [Effect] long-term credit costs",
    "input": "A slowdown in investment given macroeconomic uncertainty could impede profitability, and long-term credit costs as a result of the COVID-19 crisis and subsequent lockdowns are nebulous at best, often highly dependent on variables outside the firm's control.",
    "output": "[Cause] macroeconomic uncertainty [Relation] prevent [Effect] profitability",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A slowdown in investment [Relation] prevent [Effect] profitability",
    "input": "A slowdown in investment given macroeconomic uncertainty could impede profitability, and long-term credit costs as a result of the COVID-19 crisis and subsequent lockdowns are nebulous at best, often highly dependent on variables outside the firm's control.",
    "output": "[Cause] macroeconomic uncertainty [Relation] cause [Effect] impede profitability",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] But within the Permian, well performance does vary [Relation] cause [Effect] some of APA's competitors in the region enjoy lower average unit costs and higher internal rates of return",
    "input": "But within the Permian, well performance does vary. As a result, some of APA's competitors in the region enjoy lower average unit costs and higher internal rates of return.",
    "output": "[Cause] But within the Permian, well performance does vary [Relation] cause [Effect] some of APA's competitors in the region enjoy lower average unit costs and higher internal rates of return",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the intense implementation required to reconnect devices and specifications when changing Internet of Things or AR vendors [Relation] cause [Effect] PTC's Internet of Things and AR solutions pose significant switching costs",
    "input": "We think PTC's Internet of Things and AR solutions pose significant switching costs given the intense implementation required to reconnect devices and specifications when changing Internet of Things or AR vendors.",
    "output": "[Cause] the intense implementation required to reconnect devices and specifications when changing Internet of Things or AR vendors [Relation] cause [Effect] PTC's Internet of Things and AR solutions pose significant switching costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  in a macroeconomic environment of extended lockdowns, elevated unemployment and burgeoning debt/GDP [Relation] cause [Effect] Inflation is a major risk for Brazilian banks",
    "input": "Inflation is a major risk for Brazilian banks, especially in a macroeconomic environment of extended lockdowns, elevated unemployment and burgeoning debt/GDP.",
    "output": "[Cause] Inflation [Relation] cause [Effect] risk for Brazilian banks",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the above (below) average redemption (retention) rate for its long-term funds [Relation] cause [Effect] it has to work harder to generate positive flows",
    "input": "By these measures, we believe Federated has about an average switching cost profile (at best) when compared with the industry and our peer coverage group, as it has to work harder to generate positive flows given the above (below) average redemption (retention) rate for its long-term funds.",
    "output": "[Cause] it has to work harder to generate positive flows [Relation] cause [Effect] Federated has about an average switching cost profile (at best) when compared with the industry and our peer coverage group",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] leverage its component knowledge and unique understanding of businesses' IT demands [Relation] cause [Effect] further solidify itself as a value-added distributor",
    "input": "We believe it could leverage its component knowledge and unique understanding of businesses' IT demands to further solidify itself as a value-added distributor.",
    "output": "[Cause] leverage its component knowledge and unique understanding of businesses' IT demands [Relation] enable [Effect] further solidify itself as a value-added distributor",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the massive amount of competition and low barriers to entry [Relation] cause [Effect] We generally view CBD as a less attractive opportunity",
    "input": "We generally view CBD as a less attractive opportunity given the massive amount of competition and low barriers to entry.",
    "output": "[Cause] the massive amount of competition and low barriers to entry [Relation] cause [Effect] We generally view CBD as a less attractive opportunity",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] United's' highly cyclical business model and leveraged balance sheet [Relation] cause [Effect]  a very high cost of equity and above average cost of debt are reasonable for this airline",
    "input": "We think a very high cost of equity and above average cost of debt are reasonable for this airline, given United's' highly cyclical business model and leveraged balance sheet.",
    "output": "[Cause] United's' highly cyclical business model and leveraged balance sheet [Relation] cause [Effect] a very high cost of equity and above average cost of debt are reasonable for this airline",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] genomics [Relation] enable [Effect] Neogen to finally exceed its long-stated 20% operating margin target",
    "input": "Looking beyond our five-year explicit forecast period, we think genomics could allow Neogen to finally exceed its long-stated 20% operating margin target.",
    "output": "[Cause] beyond our five-year explicit forecast period [Relation] enable [Effect] we think genomics could allow Neogen to finally exceed its long-stated 20% operating margin target",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher data ingestion [Relation] cause [Effect]  more use cases",
    "input": "This new pricing should thus support switching costs, as higher data ingestion leads to more use cases, making Splunk an increasingly integral part of business operations.",
    "output": "[Cause] higher data ingestion [Relation] cause [Effect] more use cases",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher data ingestion leads to more use cases [Relation] enable [Effect] Splunk an increasingly integral part of business operations",
    "input": "This new pricing should thus support switching costs, as higher data ingestion leads to more use cases, making Splunk an increasingly integral part of business operations.",
    "output": "[Cause] This new pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] support switching costs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Dexcom's significantly larger revenue base and lineup of new products [Relation] cause [Effect]  a five-year revenue CAGR of 23%",
    "input": "Overall, we forecast a five-year revenue CAGR of 23%, considerably lower than the historical norm, reflecting both Dexcom's significantly larger revenue base and lineup of new products, which we expect will be partially offset by more intense competition from Abbott and Medtronic over the longer term.",
    "output": "[Cause] more intense competition from Abbott and Medtronic over the longer term [Relation] cause [Effect] both Dexcom's significantly larger revenue base and lineup of new products",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] more intense competition from Abbott and Medtronic over the longer term [Relation] cause [Effect]  Dexcom's significantly larger revenue base and lineup of new products, which we expect will be partially offset",
    "input": "Overall, we forecast a five-year revenue CAGR of 23%, considerably lower than the historical norm, reflecting both Dexcom's significantly larger revenue base and lineup of new products, which we expect will be partially offset by more intense competition from Abbott and Medtronic over the longer term.",
    "output": "[Cause] more intense competition from Abbott and Medtronic over the longer term [Relation] prevent [Effect] both Dexcom's significantly larger revenue base and lineup of new products",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the pandemic led to a stark decrease in miles driven [Relation] cause [Effect] Allstate and other auto insurers enjoyed abnormal levels of profitability in 2020",
    "input": "Allstate and other auto insurers enjoyed abnormal levels of profitability in 2020, as the pandemic led to a stark decrease in miles driven.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic led to a stark decrease in miles driven [Relation] cause [Effect] Allstate and other auto insurers enjoyed abnormal levels of profitability in 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Amphenol has been able to put cost control measures in place [Relation] enable [Effect] relatively quickly improve operating margins",
    "input": "While many of these have been margin dilutive upon acquisition--for example, FCI which had roughly 15% operating margins before acquisition--Amphenol has been able to put cost control measures in place to relatively quickly improve operating margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] Amphenol has been able to put cost control measures in place [Relation] enable [Effect] relatively quickly improve operating margins",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] in line with the 7.8 million metric tons produced in 2019, and well below the 8.8 million metric tons sold in 2018 amid higher prices [Relation] cause [Effect] expect Mosaic to produce around 8 million metric tons in 2020",
    "input": "We expect Mosaic to produce around 8 million metric tons in 2020, amid lower potash prices, in line with the 7.8 million metric tons produced in 2019, and well below the 8.8 million metric tons sold in 2018 amid higher prices.",
    "output": "[Cause] higher potash prices [Relation] cause [Effect] Mosaic to produce around 8 million metric tons in 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Splunk completes its pivot into becoming a cloud-first company [Relation] cause [Effect] services to constitute 91% of total revenue by the end of our explicit forecast period",
    "input": "While approximately 39% of Splunk's revenue currently comes from cloud services, we expect this number to grow in later years as Splunk completes its pivot into becoming a cloud-first company; we expect cloud services to constitute 91% of total revenue by the end of our explicit forecast period.",
    "output": "[Cause] Splunk completes its pivot into becoming a cloud-first company [Relation] cause [Effect] this number to grow in later years",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] weak commodity prices [Relation] cause [Effect] Total's profits and cash flow are largely tied to oil and gas production and suffer markedly",
    "input": "Total's profits and cash flow are largely tied to oil and gas production and suffer markedly during periods of weak commodity prices.",
    "output": "[Cause] oil and gas production [Relation] cause [Effect] Total's profits and cash flow",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] weakness in the Brazilian real [Relation] cause [Effect] We have reduced our fair value estimate for Telefonica Brasil to $11 from $12 per ADR",
    "input": "We have reduced our fair value estimate for Telefonica Brasil to $11 from $12 per ADR due to weakness in the Brazilian real, offset in part by expectations that the weak real will push telecom services pricing higher over the next five years.",
    "output": "[Cause] weakness in the Brazilian real [Relation] cause [Effect] We have reduced our fair value estimate for Telefonica Brasil to $11 from $12 per ADR",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  further supply chain and merchandising amendments underway [Relation] cause [Effect] an expanding operating margin ahead",
    "input": "With an expanding operating margin ahead thanks to further supply chain and merchandising amendments underway, we view Lowe's 13% operating margin forecast as achievable; additionally, we forecast a 38% ROIC in our terminal year.",
    "output": "[Cause] further supply chain and merchandising amendments underway [Relation] enable [Effect] an expanding operating margin ahead",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  an expanding operating margin ahead [Relation] enable [Effect] a 38% ROIC in our terminal year",
    "input": "With an expanding operating margin ahead thanks to further supply chain and merchandising amendments underway, we view Lowe's 13% operating margin forecast as achievable; additionally, we forecast a 38% ROIC in our terminal year.",
    "output": "[Cause] further supply chain and merchandising amendments underway [Relation] cause [Effect] an expanding operating margin ahead",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  sellers are becoming increasingly dependent on Alibaba's marketplaces to reach Chinese consumers [Relation] cause [Effect] Alibaba's desktop and mobile monetization rates (revenue as a percentage of GMV) have generally been on upward trends the past few quarters",
    "input": "Alibaba's desktop and mobile monetization rates (revenue as a percentage of GMV) have generally been on upward trends the past few quarters, which indicates that sellers are becoming increasingly dependent on Alibaba's marketplaces to reach Chinese consumers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Alibaba's desktop and mobile monetization rates (revenue as a percentage of GMV) have generally been on upward trends [Relation] cause [Effect] sellers are becoming increasingly dependent on Alibaba's marketplaces to reach Chinese consumers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] access to capital [Relation] enable [Effect]  the success of the financial services segment",
    "input": "Additionally, the success of the financial services segment depends on access to capital, which can be limited during times of financial distress.",
    "output": "[Cause] access to capital [Relation] cause [Effect] the success of the financial services segment",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] times of financial distress [Relation] prevent [Effect] access to capital",
    "input": "Additionally, the success of the financial services segment depends on access to capital, which can be limited during times of financial distress.",
    "output": "[Cause] the success of the financial services segment [Relation] cause [Effect] can be limited during times of financial distress",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the balance of payments deteriorated, and more difficulty meeting foreign denominated debt obligations and expenses [Relation] cause [Effect] depreciation of the peso",
    "input": "A prolonged decline in copper prices could result in elevated unemployment, a depreciation of the peso as the balance of payments deteriorated, and more difficulty meeting foreign denominated debt obligations and expenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] A prolonged decline in copper prices [Relation] cause [Effect] elevated unemployment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A prolonged decline in copper prices [Relation] cause [Effect] elevated unemployment",
    "input": "A prolonged decline in copper prices could result in elevated unemployment, a depreciation of the peso as the balance of payments deteriorated, and more difficulty meeting foreign denominated debt obligations and expenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] the balance of payments deteriorated [Relation] cause [Effect] A prolonged decline in copper prices",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the competitive intensity of the new businesses is higher than the core refined product pipelines, we've been impressed by Magellan's capital discipline [Relation] cause [Effect]  the projects have yielded high returns and supported continued distribution growth",
    "input": "While the competitive intensity of the new businesses is higher than the core refined product pipelines, we've been impressed by Magellan's capital discipline, as the projects have yielded high returns and supported continued distribution growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] the projects have yielded high returns and supported continued distribution growth [Relation] cause [Effect] While the competitive intensity of the new businesses is higher than the core refined product pipelines, we've been impressed by Magellan's capital discipline",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Management sharply increased the scale of the HNH operations via the $567 million acquisition of SensoryEffects in May 2014 [Relation] enable [Effect] increased HNH revenue more than fivefold",
    "input": "Management sharply increased the scale of the HNH operations via the $567 million acquisition of SensoryEffects in May 2014, which increased HNH revenue more than fivefold.",
    "output": "[Cause] the $567 million acquisition of SensoryEffects in May 2014 [Relation] cause [Effect] Management sharply increased the scale of the HNH operations",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  IBM technology services to see a compound annual decline rate of 1% from 2021 to 2025 as more sticky IBM software is applicable in other clouds [Relation] cause [Effect]  IBM to benefit from growth in its cloud & cognitive software as its customers transition to hybrid infrastructures, even if it's not to the IBM cloud, as our outlook suggests",
    "input": "As a result, we expect IBM technology services to see a compound annual decline rate of 1% from 2021 to 2025 as more sticky IBM software is applicable in other clouds. Consequently, we expect IBM to benefit from growth in its cloud & cognitive software as its customers transition to hybrid infrastructures, even if it's not to the IBM cloud, as our outlook suggests.",
    "output": "[Cause] IBM technology services to see a compound annual decline rate of 1% from 2021 to 2025 as more sticky IBM software is applicable in other clouds [Relation] cause [Effect] IBM to benefit from growth in its cloud & cognitive software as its customers transition to hybrid infrastructures, even if it's not to the IBM cloud, as our outlook suggests",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] improved pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] allow margins in Mexico to hold steady at 2020 levels over the next five years",
    "input": "We also expect improved pricing will allow margins in Mexico to hold steady at 2020 levels over the next five years.",
    "output": "[Cause] improved pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] allow margins in Mexico to hold steady at 2020 levels over the next five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the scale advantage should endure and lead to excess [Relation] enable [Effect]  returns on capital for a business that is not capitally intense.",
    "input": "While BMO's focus on the ETF business gives it lower overall spreads, the scale advantage should endure and lead to excess returns on capital for a business that is not capitally intense.",
    "output": "[Cause] the scale advantage [Relation] cause [Effect] excess returns on capital for a business that is not capitally intense",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] customers have been consolidating their maintenance, repair, and operations, or MRO, spending with large distributors [Relation] enable [Effect]  increase operational efficiency",
    "input": "In recent years, customers have been consolidating their maintenance, repair, and operations, or MRO, spending with large distributors to leverage their purchasing power and increase operational efficiency.",
    "output": "[Cause] customers have been consolidating their maintenance, repair, and operations, or MRO [Relation] cause [Effect] spending with large distributors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Constellation's more productive per-dollar promotional spending [Relation] enable [Effect]  support the beer segment's operating margins",
    "input": "Constellation's more productive per-dollar promotional spending, in addition to its superior mix of products, helps support the beer segment's operating margins (roughly 40%), which are best-of-breed among our brewing coverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] Constellation's more productive per-dollar promotional spending, in addition to its superior mix of products [Relation] enable [Effect] supports the beer segment's operating margins (roughly 40%), which are best-of-breed among our brewing coverage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the global auto industry becoming increasingly competitive [Relation] cause [Effect] margin expansion challenges ahead for Honda",
    "input": "With the global auto industry becoming increasingly competitive, we see margin expansion challenges ahead for Honda.",
    "output": "[Cause] the global auto industry becoming increasingly competitive [Relation] cause [Effect] margin expansion challenges ahead for Honda",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the build in the Marcus platform and eventual recovery in interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] Net interest income we have growing at an 6.5% annual rate",
    "input": "Net interest income we have growing at an 6.5% annual rate due to the build in the Marcus platform and eventual recovery in interest rates.",
    "output": "[Cause] the build in the Marcus platform and eventual recovery in interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] Net interest income we have growing at an 6.5% annual rate",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the higher contribution to total sales by specialty drugs, which carry very high margins [Relation] enable [Effect] On the bottom line, over the next two years we expect improving margins",
    "input": "On the bottom line, over the next two years we expect improving margins, largely driven by the higher contribution to total sales by specialty drugs, which carry very high margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] the higher contribution to total sales by specialty drugs [Relation] enable [Effect] improve margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] extended periods of elevated unemployment [Relation] cause [Effect]  increased delinquencies, as well as declines in consumer sentiment",
    "input": "Though consumers have benefited from voluntary pension withdrawals, extended periods of elevated unemployment will likely result in increased delinquencies, as well as declines in consumer sentiment.",
    "output": "[Cause] extended periods of elevated unemployment [Relation] cause [Effect] increased delinquencies, as well as declines in consumer sentiment",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it adds cogeneration and renewable gas projects to offset the roll-off of earnings from reduced emissions fuel projects [Relation] cause [Effect] We forecast flat operating earnings for the power and industrial projects segment during the next five years",
    "input": "We forecast flat operating earnings for the power and industrial projects segment during the next five years as it adds cogeneration and renewable gas projects to offset the roll-off of earnings from reduced emissions fuel projects.",
    "output": "[Cause] it adds cogeneration and renewable gas projects to offset the roll-off of earnings from reduced emissions fuel projects [Relation] cause [Effect] We forecast flat operating earnings for the power and industrial projects segment during the next five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Toronto-Dominion does have a relatively lower exposure to the uninsured domestic real estate market in Canada [Relation] enable [Effect] it in a less risky position in a downturn",
    "input": "Toronto-Dominion does have a relatively lower exposure to the uninsured domestic real estate market in Canada, putting it in a less risky position in a downturn.",
    "output": "[Cause] Toronto-Dominion does have a relatively lower exposure to the uninsured domestic real estate market in Canada [Relation] cause [Effect] it in a less risky position in a downturn",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Wright Medical is fully integrated [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm can improve operating margin by another 200 basis points in 2022",
    "input": "We project the firm can improve operating margin by another 200 basis points in 2022 once Wright Medical is fully integrated.",
    "output": "[Cause] Wright Medical is fully integrated [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm can improve operating margin by another 200 basis points in 2022",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] premiumization [Relation] cause [Effect] lift gross profit per gallon by a low-single-digit annual percentage, exceeding $4.60 by fiscal 2030",
    "input": "We expect roughly flat long-term revenue, but premiumization should lift gross profit per gallon by a low-single-digit annual percentage, exceeding $4.60 by fiscal 2030.",
    "output": "[Cause] We expect roughly flat long-term revenue [Relation] cause [Effect] premiumization should lift gross profit per gallon by a low-single-digit annual percentage, exceeding $4.60 by fiscal 2030",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  rampant inflation combined with an unstable government and currency controls [Relation] cause [Effect] irreparable degradation in the company's operations",
    "input": "There's ample historical precedent, such as Venezuela, where rampant inflation combined with an unstable government and currency controls led to irreparable degradation in the company's operations.",
    "output": "[Cause] rampant inflation combined with an unstable government and currency controls [Relation] cause [Effect] irreparable degradation in the company's operations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] dditional competition may outweigh the benefits of additional customer eyeballs for the existing retailers [Relation] cause [Effect] damaging the network effect",
    "input": "Should this pace continue, additional competition may outweigh the benefits of additional customer eyeballs for the existing retailers, damaging the network effect.",
    "output": "[Cause] additional competition [Relation] cause [Effect] damaging the network effect",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it suffered a 3% sales decline in 2019 on poor consumer demand and distributor de-stocking in imprintables [Relation] cause [Effect] Activewear was weak even before the virus",
    "input": "Activewear was weak even before the virus, as it suffered a 3% sales decline in 2019 on poor consumer demand and distributor de-stocking in imprintables.",
    "output": "[Cause] it suffered a 3% sales decline in 2019 on poor consumer demand and distributor de-stocking in imprintables [Relation] cause [Effect] Activewear was weak even before the virus",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  we think its competitive position has weakened [Relation] cause [Effect] We do not forecast its gross margins will return to peak levels of about 50% until the latter part of this decade",
    "input": "We do not forecast its gross margins will return to peak levels of about 50% until the latter part of this decade as we think its competitive position has weakened.",
    "output": "[Cause] we think its competitive position has weakened [Relation] cause [Effect] We do not forecast its gross margins will return to peak levels of about 50% until the latter part of this decade",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] treatment expands the prevalent population for this severe neurodegenerative disease [Relation] enable [Effect] sales to gradually ramp north of $300 million",
    "input": "While Brineura (approved in 2017 for CLN2 disease) in 2017 is a smaller opportunity, we expect sales to gradually ramp north of $300 million as treatment expands the prevalent population for this severe neurodegenerative disease.",
    "output": "[Cause] treatment expands the prevalent population for this severe neurodegenerative disease [Relation] cause [Effect] sales to gradually ramp north of $300 million",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] though some large dealers are copying CarMax's shopping experience [Relation] enable [Effect] We like this strategy; CarMax's scale allows it to price below smaller dealerships, and lowering prices should increase comparable-store sales while keeping competitors away",
    "input": "We like this strategy; CarMax's scale allows it to price below smaller dealerships, and lowering prices should increase comparable-store sales while keeping competitors away, though some large dealers are copying CarMax's shopping experience.",
    "output": "[Cause] lowering prices [Relation] enable [Effect] increase comparable-store sales",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the fragmented market [Relation] cause [Effect] Paycom doesn't have a clear leadership position",
    "input": "Paycom doesn't have a clear leadership position, given the fragmented market, so it must consistently invest in its platform to capture and retain customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the fragmented market [Relation] cause [Effect] Paycom doesn't have a clear leadership position",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Paycom doesn't have a clear leadership position [Relation] cause [Effect]  it must consistently invest in its platform to capture and retain customers",
    "input": "Paycom doesn't have a clear leadership position, given the fragmented market, so it must consistently invest in its platform to capture and retain customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Paycom doesn't have a clear leadership position [Relation] cause [Effect] it must consistently invest in its platform to capture and retain customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Regulation changes stipulating that all protein providers need to maintain minimum levels of quality (as measured by consistency and bioactivity) [Relation] cause [Effect] customers being more trusting of lower priced protein providers",
    "input": "Regulation changes stipulating that all protein providers need to maintain minimum levels of quality (as measured by consistency and bioactivity) could result in customers being more trusting of lower priced protein providers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Regulation changes stipulating that all protein providers need to maintain minimum levels of quality (as measured by consistency and bioactivity) [Relation] cause [Effect] customers being more trusting of lower priced protein providers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company's fixed costs create unfavorable operating leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] profits to swing widely in response to relatively small changes in demand",
    "input": "The company's fixed costs create unfavorable operating leverage that can cause profits to swing widely in response to relatively small changes in demand, such as the currently harsh operating environment brought on by the coronavirus pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company's fixed costs [Relation] cause [Effect] unfavorable operating leverage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Revenue from higher-speed offerings has been growing [Relation] enable [Effect] onsumer broadband revenue can",
    "input": "Revenue from higher-speed offerings has been growing, and as those packages make up a bigger portion of the base, we think consumer broadband revenue can modestly increase.",
    "output": "[Cause] Revenue from higher-speed offerings has been growing [Relation] enable [Effect] consumers broadband revenue can modestly increase",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The firm's direct-to-consumer efforts, Disney+, Hotstar, Hulu, and ESPN+ are taking over as the drivers of long-term growth [Relation] enable [Effect] as the firm transitions to a streaming future",
    "input": "The firm's direct-to-consumer efforts, Disney+, Hotstar, Hulu, and ESPN+ are taking over as the drivers of long-term growth as the firm transitions to a streaming future.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm transitions to a streaming future [Relation] enable [Effect] The firm's direct-to-consumer efforts, Disney+, Hotstar, Hulu, and ESPN+ are taking over as the drivers of long-term growth",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] down payments of 1%-2% of contract value on signature and another 20%-25% in the 24 months preceding delivery [Relation] cause [Effect] they are also reluctant to renege on orders",
    "input": "While commercial aircraft customers are highly cyclical, they are also reluctant to renege on orders because of down payments of 1%-2% of contract value on signature and another 20%-25% in the 24 months preceding delivery.",
    "output": "[Cause] down payments of 1%-2% of contract value on signature and another 20%-25% in the 24 months preceding delivery [Relation] cause [Effect] they are also reluctant to renege on orders",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the firm has the wherewithal to withstand the pandemic [Relation] enable [Effect] result in the permanent closure of up to 15% of restaurants",
    "input": "But we think the firm has the wherewithal to withstand the pandemic, which could result in the permanent closure of up to 15% of restaurants, an industry that accounts for 55% of US Foods' sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm has the wherewithal to withstand the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] the permanent closure of up to 15% of restaurants, an industry that accounts for 55% of US Foods' sales",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] SBA's business lends itself to are the risk of natural disasters, which seem to have become worse with climate change, and the high level of business the firm does in more developing countries where the rule of law is not as strong [Relation] cause [Effect] Two potential ESG issues",
    "input": "Two potential ESG issues that SBA's business lends itself to are the risk of natural disasters, which seem to have become worse with climate change, and the high level of business the firm does in more developing countries where the rule of law is not as strong.",
    "output": "[Cause] climate change [Relation] cause [Effect] the risk of natural disasters",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This tailwind intensified in 2019 in primary lines, and commentary from carriers suggest that pricing momentum has accelerated in 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect] boost Aon's growth a bit in the near term and could help offset any negative impacts the coronavirus has on the discretionary areas of the business",
    "input": "This tailwind intensified in 2019 in primary lines, and commentary from carriers suggest that pricing momentum has accelerated in 2020. This should boost Aon's growth a bit in the near term and could help offset any negative impacts the coronavirus has on the discretionary areas of the business.",
    "output": "[Cause] This tailwind intensified in 2019 in primary lines, and commentary from carriers suggest that pricing momentum has accelerated in 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect] boost Aon's growth a bit in the near term and could help offset any negative impacts the coronavirus has on the discretionary areas of the business",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Omnicom's reputation and brand [Relation] enable [Effect] it to compete mainly with the other Big Five for the larger accounts",
    "input": "In addition, Omnicom's reputation and brand allow it to compete mainly with the other Big Five for the larger accounts.",
    "output": "[Cause] Omnicom's reputation and brand [Relation] enable [Effect] it to compete mainly with the other Big Five for the larger accounts",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the potential for international growth is unproven [Relation] cause [Effect]  neither Free People nor Anthropologie has any real presence outside North America",
    "input": "However, the potential for international growth is unproven, as neither Free People nor Anthropologie has any real presence outside North America.",
    "output": "[Cause] neither Free People nor Anthropologie has any real presence outside North America [Relation] cause [Effect] the potential for international growth is unproven",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  depend on factors outside the company's control, such as weather, planting, disease, and government programs [Relation] cause [Effect] The prices and supply of the agricultural products Bunge buys and sells are volatile",
    "input": "The prices and supply of the agricultural products Bunge buys and sells are volatile and depend on factors outside the company's control, such as weather, planting, disease, and government programs.",
    "output": "[Cause] The prices and supply of the agricultural products Bunge buys and sells are volatile [Relation] cause [Effect] depend on factors outside the company's control",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] company-specific factors (product mix diversification, on- and off-platform payment technologies and shipping solutions) [Relation] cause [Effect] MercadoLibre can capitalize on accelerating digital commerce trends in Latin America",
    "input": "Thanks to external (COVID-19-related demand, smartphone ubiquity, wealth creation, underdevelopment payment industry infrastructure) and company-specific factors (product mix diversification, on- and off-platform payment technologies and shipping solutions), we believe MercadoLibre can capitalize on accelerating digital commerce trends in Latin America, despite lingering macro constraints volatility.",
    "output": "[Cause] external (COVID-19-related demand, smartphone ubiquity, wealth creation, underdevelopment payment industry infrastructure) [Relation] enable [Effect] MercadoLibre can capitalize on accelerating digital commerce trends in Latin America",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] accelerating digital commerce trends [Relation] cause [Effect] capitalize",
    "input": "Thanks to external (COVID-19-related demand, smartphone ubiquity, wealth creation, underdevelopment payment industry infrastructure) and company-specific factors (product mix diversification, on- and off-platform payment technologies and shipping solutions), we believe MercadoLibre can capitalize on accelerating digital commerce trends in Latin America, despite lingering macro constraints volatility.",
    "output": "[Cause] external (COVID-19-related demand, smartphone ubiquity, wealth creation, underdevelopment payment industry infrastructure) and company-specific factors [Relation] enable [Effect] MercadoLibre can capitalize on accelerating digital commerce trends in Latin America",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] lingering macro [Relation] prevent [Effect] volatility",
    "input": "Thanks to external (COVID-19-related demand, smartphone ubiquity, wealth creation, underdevelopment payment industry infrastructure) and company-specific factors (product mix diversification, on- and off-platform payment technologies and shipping solutions), we believe MercadoLibre can capitalize on accelerating digital commerce trends in Latin America, despite lingering macro constraints volatility.",
    "output": "[Cause] external (COVID-19-related demand, smartphone ubiquity, wealth creation, underdevelopment payment industry infrastructure) and company-specific factors [Relation] enable [Effect] MercadoLibre can capitalize on accelerating digital commerce trends in Latin America",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it can better deploy GAA [Relation] enable [Effect] Intel has an opportunity to regain manufacturing leadership",
    "input": "TSMC and Samsung are expected to deploy GAA in future processes (3-nm and below), and we believe Intel has an opportunity to regain manufacturing leadership if it can better deploy GAA.",
    "output": "[Cause] TSMC and Samsung are expected to deploy GAA in future processes [Relation] enable [Effect] we believe Intel has an opportunity to regain manufacturing leadership if it can better deploy GAA",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Macerich to continue improving its portfolio through redevelopment, opportunistic acquisitions, and asset sales [Relation] enable [Effect]  deliver strong earnings growth for Macerich over time",
    "input": "We expect Macerich to continue improving its portfolio through redevelopment, opportunistic acquisitions, and asset sales, which should deliver strong earnings growth for Macerich over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] Macerich to continue improving its portfolio through redevelopment, opportunistic acquisitions, and asset sales [Relation] enable [Effect] deliver strong earnings growth for Macerich over time",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the availability of COVID-19 vaccines diminishes demand for the diagnostic tests [Relation] cause [Effect] This is followed by a steep 13% decline in revenue growth in 2022",
    "input": "This is followed by a steep 13% decline in revenue growth in 2022 as the availability of COVID-19 vaccines diminishes demand for the diagnostic tests.",
    "output": "[Cause] the availability of COVID-19 vaccines [Relation] cause [Effect] diminishes demand for the diagnostic tests",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] favorable growth prospects [Relation] cause [Effect] Institutional private equity players such as Blackstone and Bay Grove Capital have shown an increased appetite to invest in the market",
    "input": "Institutional private equity players such as Blackstone and Bay Grove Capital have shown an increased appetite to invest in the market because of favorable growth prospects.",
    "output": "[Cause] Institutional private equity players such as Blackstone and Bay Grove Capital have shown an increased appetite to invest in the market [Relation] cause [Effect] because of favorable growth prospects",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] competition rising [Relation] cause [Effect] margins will be pressured long term",
    "input": "With competition rising, we anticipate margins will be pressured long term, though improved pricing practices as well as supply chain, marketing, and distribution capabilities should help offset the strain, as should a growing private-label portfolio and procurement leverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] competition rising [Relation] cause [Effect] margins will be pressured long term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  improved pricing practices as well as supply chain [Relation] enable [Effect] marketing, and distribution capabilities should help offset the strain",
    "input": "With competition rising, we anticipate margins will be pressured long term, though improved pricing practices as well as supply chain, marketing, and distribution capabilities should help offset the strain, as should a growing private-label portfolio and procurement leverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] a growing private-label portfolio and procurement leverage [Relation] prevent [Effect] margins will be pressured long term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a growing private-label portfolio and procurement leverage [Relation] enable [Effect] marketing, and distribution capabilities should help offset the strain",
    "input": "With competition rising, we anticipate margins will be pressured long term, though improved pricing practices as well as supply chain, marketing, and distribution capabilities should help offset the strain, as should a growing private-label portfolio and procurement leverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] a growing private-label portfolio and procurement leverage [Relation] prevent [Effect] margins will be pressured long term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  develop products that address customer-specific performance needs in this customer segment [Relation] cause [Effect] Caterpillar has since changed its approach in recent years",
    "input": "Caterpillar has since changed its approach in recent years to develop products that address customer-specific performance needs in this customer segment.",
    "output": "[Cause] Caterpillar has since changed its approach in recent years [Relation] enable [Effect] develop products that address customer-specific performance needs in this customer segment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The partnership agreements that Synchrony signs in these segments are often not exclusive [Relation] cause [Effect] a retailer could be offering multiple financing options alongside Synchrony's credit cards",
    "input": "The partnership agreements that Synchrony signs in these segments are often not exclusive, which means that a retailer could be offering multiple financing options alongside Synchrony's credit cards. As a result, Synchrony competes with all forms of consumer financing in these segments, and its partners are mostly interested in Synchrony's ability to issue additional loans with large promotional discounts to facilitate their sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] The partnership agreements that Synchrony signs in these segments are often not exclusive, which means that a retailer could be offering multiple financing options alongside Synchrony's credit cards [Relation] cause [Effect] Synchrony competes with all forms of consumer financing in these segments",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it was unable to reach an agreement with the Ecuadoran government on economic and legal terms [Relation] cause [Effect] Kinross canceled the project and wrote off all of its carrying value",
    "input": "In 2013, Kinross canceled the project and wrote off all of its carrying value because it was unable to reach an agreement with the Ecuadoran government on economic and legal terms.",
    "output": "[Cause] it was unable to reach an agreement with the Ecuadoran government on economic and legal terms [Relation] cause [Effect] Kinross canceled the project and wrote off all of its carrying value",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] this consolidation of purchasing power helps Cigna extract discounts from drug manufacturers on one end of the transaction and pharmacies on the other end of the transaction [Relation] cause [Effect] create significant value for its clients such as insurance plans and employers",
    "input": "Additionally, this consolidation of purchasing power helps Cigna extract discounts from drug manufacturers on one end of the transaction and pharmacies on the other end of the transaction, which should create significant value for its clients such as insurance plans and employers.",
    "output": "[Cause] this consolidation of purchasing power [Relation] enable [Effect] Cigna extract discounts from drug manufacturers on one end of the transaction and pharmacies on the other end of the transaction",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] this consolidation of purchasing power [Relation] enable [Effect] Cigna extract discounts from drug manufacturers on one end of the transaction and pharmacies on the other end of the transaction",
    "input": "Additionally, this consolidation of purchasing power helps Cigna extract discounts from drug manufacturers on one end of the transaction and pharmacies on the other end of the transaction, which should create significant value for its clients such as insurance plans and employers.",
    "output": "[Cause] this consolidation of purchasing power [Relation] enable [Effect] create significant value for its clients such as insurance plans and employers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Management initially wanted to remove as much friction from the sales process as possible [Relation] cause [Effect]  it eschewed the direct salesforce model, offered its products at generally lower prices than competitors, and allowed users to be up and running within a matter of hours rather than months",
    "input": "Management initially wanted to remove as much friction from the sales process as possible, so it eschewed the direct salesforce model, offered its products at generally lower prices than competitors, and allowed users to be up and running within a matter of hours rather than months.",
    "output": "[Cause] Management initially wanted to remove as much friction from the sales process as possible [Relation] cause [Effect] it eschewed the direct salesforce model, offered its products at generally lower prices than competitors, and allowed users to be up and running within a matter of hours rather than months",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] volume increases over our explicit forecast period [Relation] cause [Effect]  they are subject to only modest operating leverage",
    "input": "Even so, they are subject to only modest operating leverage and therefore offer limited potential to augment the returns on invested capital earned by the steelmaking businesses as volume increases over our explicit forecast period.",
    "output": "[Cause] they are subject to only modest operating leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] offer limited potential",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  they are subject to only modest operating leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] offer limited potential to augment the returns on invested capital earned by the steelmaking businesses",
    "input": "Even so, they are subject to only modest operating leverage and therefore offer limited potential to augment the returns on invested capital earned by the steelmaking businesses as volume increases over our explicit forecast period.",
    "output": "[Cause] they are subject to only modest operating leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] offer limited potential to augment the returns on invested capital earned by the steelmaking businesses",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] management completes the latest cost-improvement initiatives [Relation] enable [Effect] the bank's efficiency ratio eventually declines to 57%",
    "input": "Our base scenario assumes that the bank's efficiency ratio eventually declines to 57% as management completes the latest cost-improvement initiatives.",
    "output": "[Cause] management completes the latest cost-improvement initiatives [Relation] cause [Effect] the bank's efficiency ratio eventually declines to 57%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the deep marketing pockets of Booking (owns Kayak) and Expedia (owns Trivago) [Relation] cause [Effect] Kayak and Trivago metasearch competition could intensify",
    "input": "Additionally, Kayak and Trivago metasearch competition could intensify, driven by the deep marketing pockets of Booking (owns Kayak) and Expedia (owns Trivago).",
    "output": "[Cause] the deep marketing pockets of Booking (owns Kayak) and Expedia (owns Trivago) [Relation] cause [Effect] Kayak and Trivago metasearch competition could intensify",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the economy reopens [Relation] cause [Effect] an uptick in travel and entertainment outlays",
    "input": "We're also modeling 140 basis points of net operating margin (EBIT/net revenue) gains, to about 29.3% on leverage from net revenue growth, rising transaction automation, and incremental cost savings efforts despite an uptick in travel and entertainment outlays as the economy reopens.",
    "output": "[Cause] net operating margin (EBIT/net revenue) gains [Relation] cause [Effect] about 29.3% on leverage from net revenue growth",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] net revenue growth, rising transaction automation, and incremental cost savings efforts [Relation] enable [Effect] 140 basis points of net operating margin (EBIT/net revenue) gains, to about 29.3% on leverage",
    "input": "We're also modeling 140 basis points of net operating margin (EBIT/net revenue) gains, to about 29.3% on leverage from net revenue growth, rising transaction automation, and incremental cost savings efforts despite an uptick in travel and entertainment outlays as the economy reopens.",
    "output": "[Cause] the economy reopens [Relation] cause [Effect] an uptick in travel and entertainment outlays",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Atlas revenues eclipsed on-premises sales in early fiscal 2022 [Relation] cause [Effect] MongoDB's database-as-a-service offering, Atlas, and data lake will bring significant new revenue streams to the company",
    "input": "Additionally, we think MongoDB's database-as-a-service offering, Atlas, and data lake will bring significant new revenue streams to the company \u2013 as Atlas revenues eclipsed on-premises sales in early fiscal 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] Atlas revenues eclipsed on-premises sales in early fiscal 2022 [Relation] cause [Effect] MongoDB's database-as-a-service offering, Atlas, and data lake will bring significant new revenue streams to the company",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This trend of Amphenol's products underpinning advancements in technology that keep its prices elevated [Relation] cause [Effect] be seen across its many industry verticals",
    "input": "This trend of Amphenol's products underpinning advancements in technology that keep its prices elevated can be seen across its many industry verticals.",
    "output": "[Cause] This trend of Amphenol's products underpinning advancements in technology [Relation] enable [Effect] keep its prices elevated",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  IQVIA is the leading provider of pharmaceutical data pricing [Relation] cause [Effect] a negative outcome in the pending litigation with IQVIA could have an adverse impact on Veeva's data offering",
    "input": "Similarly, a negative outcome in the pending litigation with IQVIA could have an adverse impact on Veeva's data offering, as IQVIA is the leading provider of pharmaceutical data pricing.",
    "output": "[Cause] IQVIA is the leading provider of pharmaceutical data pricing [Relation] cause [Effect] a negative outcome in the pending litigation with IQVIA could have an adverse impact on Veeva's data offering",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] fuel cell technology were to overtake lithium as the dominant power source for next-generation vehicles [Relation] cause [Effect] Electric vehicle demand could undershoot expectations",
    "input": "Electric vehicle demand could undershoot expectations if fuel cell technology were to overtake lithium as the dominant power source for next-generation vehicles.",
    "output": "[Cause] fuel cell technology were to overtake lithium as the dominant power source for next-generation vehicles [Relation] cause [Effect] Electric vehicle demand could undershoot expectations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a near-term softness in Hardie's sales growth relative to expectations [Relation] cause [Effect] a challenge to valuation",
    "input": "A recovery more mild than we have anticipated would provide a near-term softness in Hardie's sales growth relative to expectations, and thus a challenge to valuation.",
    "output": "[Cause] A recovery more mild than we have anticipated [Relation] cause [Effect] a near-term softness in Hardie's sales growth relative to expectations",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it has not resulted in organic market share gains, or even economic profits. [Relation] cause [Effect]  there is no evidence that it has resulted in a competitive advantage,",
    "input": "While we think this service can be an attractive differentiator for US Foods, there is no evidence that it has resulted in a competitive advantage, as it has not resulted in organic market share gains, or even economic profits.",
    "output": "[Cause] it has not resulted in organic market share gains, or even economic profits [Relation] cause [Effect] we think this service can be an attractive differentiator for US Foods, there is no evidence that it has resulted in a competitive advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The central government's sustained crackdown on graft [Relation] prevent [Effect] gambling demand in Macao",
    "input": "The central government's sustained crackdown on graft is also hurting gambling demand in Macao as VIPs maintain a low profile.",
    "output": "[Cause] The central government's sustained crackdown on graft [Relation] prevent [Effect] gambling demand in Macao",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The central government's sustained crackdown on graft [Relation] enable [Effect] VIPs maintain a low profile",
    "input": "The central government's sustained crackdown on graft is also hurting gambling demand in Macao as VIPs maintain a low profile.",
    "output": "[Cause] The central government's sustained crackdown on graft [Relation] cause [Effect] hurting gambling demand in Macao",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it relates to the more immediate retail dynamics of store positioning and slotting fees [Relation] cause [Effect] Monster's products benefit from similar positioning as proprietary Coke brands",
    "input": "That said, we believe that as it relates to the more immediate retail dynamics of store positioning and slotting fees, Monster's products benefit from similar positioning as proprietary Coke brands.",
    "output": "[Cause] it relates to the more immediate retail dynamics of store positioning and slotting fees [Relation] cause [Effect] Monster's products benefit from similar positioning as proprietary Coke brands",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] success of digital banking initiatives [Relation] cause [Effect] drive new account growth higher and the proportion of time deposits in the mix lower",
    "input": "The bank has historically seen a cost of funding 10-20 basis points lower than its closest rival, and success of digital banking initiatives could drive new account growth higher and the proportion of time deposits in the mix lower.",
    "output": "[Cause] The bank has historically seen a cost of funding 10-20 basis points lower than its closest rival [Relation] enable [Effect] and success of digital banking initiatives could drive new account growth higher and the proportion of time deposits in the mix lower",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company will have to navigate sizable reinvestment cycles [Relation] enable [Effect] stay on the cutting edge of industry developments and scale up the production of emergent metallurgical solutions",
    "input": "Furthermore, in order to stay on the cutting edge of industry developments and scale up the production of emergent metallurgical solutions, the company will have to navigate sizable reinvestment cycles.",
    "output": "[Cause] in order to stay on the cutting edge of industry developments and scale up the production of emergent metallurgical solutions [Relation] cause [Effect] the company will have to navigate sizable reinvestment cycles",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] prevent [Effect] the ERP implementation and business transformation efforts",
    "input": "COVID-19 has disrupted the ERP implementation and business transformation efforts but we anticipate the lion's share of the domestic ERP implementation will be completed in 2021.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] prevent [Effect] the ERP implementation and business transformation efforts",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a favorable demand backdrop for the commercial HVAC business [Relation] enable [Effect] support at least mid-single-digit growth over the next few years",
    "input": "We also see a favorable demand backdrop for the commercial HVAC business, which we think can support at least mid-single-digit growth over the next few years.",
    "output": "[Cause] a favorable demand backdrop for the commercial HVAC business [Relation] enable [Effect] support at least mid-single-digit growth over the next few years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a corporate tax increase in the United States [Relation] cause [Effect] We have raised our long-term tax rate estimate to 29% from 24%",
    "input": "We have raised our long-term tax rate estimate to 29% from 24% in anticipation of a corporate tax increase in the United States.",
    "output": "[Cause] a corporate tax increase in the United States [Relation] cause [Effect] We have raised our long-term tax rate estimate to 29% from 24%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] keeping margins steady and growing through commodity cycle [Relation] enable [Effect] Energy Transfer has such strong pricing power it raises reservation fees",
    "input": "Even when throughput has lagged, Energy Transfer has such strong pricing power it raises reservation fees, keeping margins steady and growing through commodity cycles.",
    "output": "[Cause] Energy Transfer has such strong pricing power [Relation] cause [Effect] it raises reservation fees, keeping margins steady and growing through commodity cycles",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  people make things society needs [Relation] cause [Effect] 3 million units and Japan employment will be maintained",
    "input": "Still, in May 2020, President Akio Toyoda said 3 million units and Japan employment will be maintained no matter how bad the economic situation is because people make things society needs.",
    "output": "[Cause] people make things society needs [Relation] enable [Effect] Japan employment will be maintained no matter how bad the economic situation is",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a change to the ease of accessing black market supplies [Relation] cause [Effect] have a significant impact on the pricing power",
    "input": "Years of government efforts have done little to stem illegal cannabis, but a change to the ease of accessing black market supplies could have a significant impact on the pricing power, and thus the profitability of legal cannabis companies.",
    "output": "[Cause] Years of government efforts [Relation] prevent [Effect] illegal cannabis",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its favorable iron unit costs for the production of sheet, plate, and special bar quality steel [Relation] cause [Effect] Nucor enjoys a low-cost position on the steelmaking cost curve",
    "input": "Nucor enjoys a low-cost position on the steelmaking cost curve because of its favorable iron unit costs for the production of sheet, plate, and special bar quality steel.",
    "output": "[Cause] its favorable iron unit costs for the production of sheet, plate, and special bar quality steel [Relation] cause [Effect] Nucor enjoys a low-cost position on the steelmaking cost curve",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] GitHub is a repository for source code and an online collaboration community for software developers [Relation] cause [Effect] it enjoys some level of network effect as the \"\"\"\"Facebook for programmers,\"\"\"\" and makes Visual Studio a stickier product",
    "input": "Given that GitHub is a repository for source code and an online collaboration community for software developers, it enjoys some level of network effect as the \"\"\"\"Facebook for programmers,\"\"\"\" and makes Visual Studio a stickier product.",
    "output": "[Cause] GitHub is a repository for source code and an online collaboration community for software developers [Relation] cause [Effect] it enjoys some level of network effect as the \"\"\"\"\"\"Facebook for programmers,\"\"\"\" and makes Visual Studio a stickier product",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Weibo launched an interest-based social product [Relation] enable [Effect] widen its product spectrum and potentially cope with the trend of social e-commerce",
    "input": "To widen its product spectrum and potentially cope with the trend of social e-commerce, Weibo launched an interest-based social product, Oasis, in the fourth quarter of 2019.",
    "output": "[Cause] widen its product spectrum and potentially cope with the trend of social e-commerce [Relation] enable [Effect] Weibo launched an interest-based social product, Oasis, in the fourth quarter of 2019",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a subsequent wave of COVID-19 persists [Relation] cause [Effect]  strict lockdowns enacted in these markets early in the pandemic could once again plague its operations",
    "input": "However, we aren't blind to the fact that strict lockdowns enacted in these markets early in the pandemic could once again plague its operations if a subsequent wave of COVID-19 persists.",
    "output": "[Cause] a subsequent wave of COVID-19 persists [Relation] cause [Effect] strict lockdowns enacted in these markets early in the pandemic could once again plague its operations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Increasing environmental and government regulations, as well as political opposition [Relation] cause [Effect]  new pipeline projects increasingly difficult to sanction in recent years",
    "input": "Increasing environmental and government regulations, as well as political opposition, have made new pipeline projects increasingly difficult to sanction in recent years.",
    "output": "[Cause] Increasing environmental and government regulations, as well as political opposition [Relation] enable [Effect] new pipeline projects increasingly difficult to sanction in recent years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the upcoming patent loss for Revlimid [Relation] prevent [Effect]  this dependence",
    "input": "For example, Bristol's Eliquis (cardiovascular), Revlimid (cancer), and Opdivo (cancer) generate well over 50% of the firm's total sales and the drugs have significant exposure to the Medicare channel, but the upcoming patent loss for Revlimid should lessen this dependence.",
    "output": "[Cause] Bristol's Eliquis (cardiovascular), Revlimid (cancer), and Opdivo (cancer) [Relation] enable [Effect] generate well over 50% of the firm's total sales and the drugs have significant exposure to the Medicare channel",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] energy-efficient windows [Relation] enable [Effect] extend battery range",
    "input": "Additionally, the company's automotive glass interlayers, which are among the best in the industry, should benefit from greater demand as increased electric vehicle sales will require energy-efficient windows to extend battery range.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's automotive glass interlayers [Relation] cause [Effect] benefit from greater demand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  rolling our model to the new fiscal year and incorporating the currently harsh macro-operating environment from COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] lowered our fair value estimate on the shares of Veoneer to $24 from $26",
    "input": "We recently lowered our fair value estimate on the shares of Veoneer to $24 from $26 after rolling our model to the new fiscal year and incorporating the currently harsh macro-operating environment from COVID-19.",
    "output": "[Cause] rolling our model to the new fiscal year and incorporating the currently harsh macro-operating environment from COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] We recently lowered our fair value on the shares of Veoneer to $24 from $26",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it is already pitching a variety of solutions to enterprises worth millions of dollars [Relation] enable [Effect]  easily pitch Accenture Interactive services",
    "input": "In other words, it is already pitching a variety of solutions to enterprises worth millions of dollars and therefore can easily pitch Accenture Interactive services.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is already pitching a variety of solutions to enterprises worth millions of dollars [Relation] enable [Effect] easily pitch Accenture Interactive services",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm maintains high level of investments in product development and sales and marketing [Relation] cause [Effect] Splunk is not yet profitable on a GAAP basis",
    "input": "Third, Splunk is not yet profitable on a GAAP basis, as the firm maintains high level of investments in product development and sales and marketing.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm maintains high level of investments in product development and sales and marketing [Relation] cause [Effect] Splunk is not yet profitable on a GAAP basis",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it maintains a network of issuers and investors [Relation] cause [Effect] S&amp;P benefits from the network effect",
    "input": "In addition, we believe S&amp;P benefits from the network effect as it maintains a network of issuers and investors.",
    "output": "[Cause] it maintains a network of issuers and investors [Relation] cause [Effect] S&amp;P benefits from the network effect",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  collective market dominance has made it very difficult for others to legitimately compete [Relation] cause [Effect]  Rogers has been one of three Canadian wireless service providers",
    "input": "For many years, Rogers has been one of three Canadian wireless service providers whose collective market dominance has made it very difficult for others to legitimately compete.",
    "output": "[Cause] For many years, Rogers has been one of three Canadian wireless service providers [Relation] cause [Effect] it very difficult for others to legitimately compete",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Discover Financial Services' unique role as a credit card lender focused on Middle America, and operating a proprietary payment network [Relation] cause [Effect] the company in an interesting strategic position",
    "input": "Over the long run, Discover Financial Services' unique role as a credit card lender focused on Middle America, and operating a proprietary payment network, puts the company in an interesting strategic position.",
    "output": "[Cause] Discover Financial Services' unique role as a credit card lender focused on Middle America, and operating a proprietary payment network [Relation] enable [Effect] the company in an interesting strategic position",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the line mean reverts to more normalized results [Relation] cause [Effect] the combined ratio to deteriorate over time",
    "input": "Within personal lines, we expect Travelers to maintain good underwriting results due to the pandemic and the resulting reduction in miles driven, but for the combined ratio to deteriorate over time as the line mean reverts to more normalized results.",
    "output": "[Cause] the line mean reverts to more normalized results [Relation] cause [Effect] the combined ratio to deteriorate over time",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increased content in the global automotive market [Relation] cause [Effect] Amphenol's near-term growth",
    "input": "Like other component companies, Amphenol's near-term growth is a function of increased content in the global automotive market, in our view.",
    "output": "[Cause] Amphenol's near-term growth [Relation] enable [Effect] increased content in the global automotive market",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  marginally lifted our sales estimate | significantly raised our operating margin forecast to 4.8% from 3.9%, [Relation] cause [Effect] adjusted EPS forecast that improves to $2.85 from our prior $2.29 estimate.",
    "input": "For 2021, we have marginally lifted our sales estimate (to $18.4 billion from $18.3 billion) but have significantly raised our operating margin forecast to 4.8% from 3.9%, leading to an adjusted EPS forecast that improves to $2.85 from our prior $2.29 estimate.",
    "output": "[Cause] We have marginally lifted our sales estimate (to $18.4 billion from $18.3 billion) but have significantly raised our operating margin forecast to 4.8% from 3.9% [Relation] cause [Effect] an adjusted EPS forecast that improves to $2.85 from our prior $2.29 estimate",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  inconsistent pricing strategies [Relation] prevent [Effect] Norwegian reaching near 2019 pricing again until 2023",
    "input": "With 2021 set to be plagued by inconsistent pricing strategies as Norwegian and the other cruise operators try to entice cruisers to sail again, we don't see Norwegian reaching near 2019 pricing again until 2023.",
    "output": "[Cause] Norwegian and the other cruise operators try to entice cruisers to sail again [Relation] cause [Effect] 2021 set to be plagued by inconsistent pricing strategies",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Norwegian and the other cruise operators try to entice cruisers to sail again [Relation] cause [Effect]  inconsistent pricing strategies",
    "input": "With 2021 set to be plagued by inconsistent pricing strategies as Norwegian and the other cruise operators try to entice cruisers to sail again, we don't see Norwegian reaching near 2019 pricing again until 2023.",
    "output": "[Cause] Norwegian and the other cruise operators try to entice cruisers to sail again [Relation] cause [Effect] we don't see Norwegian reaching near 2019 pricing again until 2023",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its different salesforce model (agent-based) [Relation] cause [Effect] Mode was never fully integrated into Hub's core operations",
    "input": "Mode was never fully integrated into Hub's core operations because of its different salesforce model (agent-based), and we believe management was looking to free up cash for tuck-in acquisitions like CaseStack in late 2018.",
    "output": "[Cause] its different salesforce model (agent-based) [Relation] cause [Effect] Mode was never fully integrated into Hub's core operations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] expansion in the clinical trial business [Relation] enable [Effect]  volume increases",
    "input": "We believe the laboratory services segment will grow at a double-digit rate for the next several years, with volume increases driven by expansion in the clinical trial business.",
    "output": "[Cause] volume increases [Relation] enable [Effect] the laboratory services segment will grow",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The coronavirus situation [Relation] cause [Effect] a sharp increase in credit cost in fiscal 2020",
    "input": "The coronavirus situationresulted in a sharp increase in credit cost in fiscal 2020 but this is expected to normalise in 2021.",
    "output": "[Cause] The coronavirus situation [Relation] cause [Effect] a sharp increase in credit cost in fiscal 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A material portion of Amex's billings (roughly 30%) are related to the travel and entertainment industry, further exposing the company to some of the most affected industries [Relation] cause [Effect] reverse as the economy recovers, but Amex will indeed be dependent on that recovery to return to pre-COVID-19 profitability levels",
    "input": "A material portion of Amex's billings (roughly 30%) are related to the travel and entertainment industry, further exposing the company to some of the most affected industries. These trends will eventually reverse as the economy recovers, but Amex will indeed be dependent on that recovery to return to pre-COVID-19 profitability levels.",
    "output": "[Cause] A material portion of Amex's billings (roughly 30%) are related to the travel and entertainment industry, further exposing the company to some of the most affected industries [Relation] cause [Effect] reverse as the economy recovers, but Amex will indeed be dependent on that recovery to return to pre-COVID-19 profitability levels",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Caesars' to generate synergies from its merger with Eldorado above our prior expectation, with margins benefiting from a stronger demand recovery [Relation] cause [Effect] we have lifted our 2021 EBITDA margin estimate to the mid-30s from 30% prior, while our long-term margins surpass 40% versus high 30s previously",
    "input": "Finally, we expect Caesars' to generate synergies from its merger with Eldorado above our prior expectation, with margins benefiting from a stronger demand recovery. As a result, we have lifted our 2021 EBITDA margin estimate to the mid-30s from 30% prior, while our long-term margins surpass 40% versus high 30s previously.",
    "output": "[Cause] Caesars' to generate synergies from its merger with Eldorado above our prior expectation, with margins benefiting from a stronger demand recovery [Relation] cause [Effect] we have lifted our 2021 EBITDA margin estimate to the mid-30s from 30% prior, while our long-term margins surpass 40% versus high 30s previously",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the search giant poses a larger competitive threat than Sabre to these operators [Relation] cause [Effect]  Google would likely have trouble convincing online travel companies to use its platform to source air content versus Sabre",
    "input": "Also, Google would likely have trouble convincing online travel companies to use its platform to source air content versus Sabre, given the search giant poses a larger competitive threat than Sabre to these operators.",
    "output": "[Cause] the search giant poses a larger competitive threat than Sabre to these operators [Relation] cause [Effect] Google would likely have trouble convincing online travel companies to use its platform to source air content versus Sabre",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Spotify may be able to reach distribution agreements directly with artists [Relation] enable [Effect] put the firm at a further disadvantage when negotiating with record labels",
    "input": "Plus, while Spotify may be able to reach distribution agreements directly with artists, doing so may put the firm at a further disadvantage when negotiating with record labels.",
    "output": "[Cause] Spotify may be able to reach distribution agreements directly with artists [Relation] cause [Effect] put the firm at a further disadvantage when negotiating with record labels",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] enterprises use more cloud-based applications [Relation] cause [Effect] it is at a critical time to expand its customer presence",
    "input": "The firm lost market share in its important firewall business, and we believe it is at a critical time to expand its customer presence as enterprises use more cloud-based applications.",
    "output": "[Cause] enterprises use more cloud-based applications [Relation] cause [Effect] it is at a critical time to expand its customer presence",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  we suspect Walmart's robust grocery offering [Relation] enable [Effect] will promote traffic, feeding its ability to leverage costs and investments in automation and infrastructure",
    "input": "Traditional channel growth should be hard to come by, but we suspect Walmart's robust grocery offering will promote traffic, feeding its ability to leverage costs and investments in automation and infrastructure.",
    "output": "[Cause] Walmart's robust grocery offering [Relation] enable [Effect] sable costs and investments in automation and infrastructure",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Being a Latin America pure play subjects the firm to geopolitical issues [Relation] prevent [Effect] its competitive positioning and execution",
    "input": "Being a Latin America pure play subjects the firm to geopolitical issues that can have a pernicious effect on its competitive positioning and execution.",
    "output": "[Cause] Being a Latin America pure play [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm to geopolitical issues",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] these high affiliate fees when coupled with relatively low viewership of RSNs in comparison with more general entertainment channels [Relation] cause [Effect]  some pay-TV distributors to question the price and the placement of RSNs",
    "input": "However, these high affiliate fees when coupled with relatively low viewership of RSNs in comparison with more general entertainment channels have led some pay-TV distributors to question the price and the placement of RSNs.",
    "output": "[Cause] these high affiliate fees when coupled with relatively low viewership of RSNs in comparison with more general entertainment channels [Relation] cause [Effect] some pay-TV distributors to question the price and the placement of RSNs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The bank is also more heavily concentrated in states that have historically had a more difficult time during and after recessions, including Ohio and Michigan [Relation] cause [Effect] These loan categories, combined with the geographic exposure, could lead to elevated losses, particularly if states like Ohio and Michigan struggle economically",
    "input": "The bank is also more heavily concentrated in states that have historically had a more difficult time during and after recessions, including Ohio and Michigan. These loan categories, combined with the geographic exposure, could lead to elevated losses, particularly if states like Ohio and Michigan struggle economically.",
    "output": "[Cause] The bank is also more heavily concentrated in states that have historically had a more difficult time during and after recessions, including Ohio and Michigan [Relation] cause [Effect] led to elevated losses, particularly if states like Ohio and Michigan struggle economically",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] tough comparisons [Relation] prevent [Effect] 5% top-line growth in fiscal 2022 on persistent B2C demand growth",
    "input": "Assuming continued macroeconomic recovery in Europe and the U.S., we expect 5% top-line growth in fiscal 2022 on persistent B2C demand growth, partly offset by tough comparisons.",
    "output": "[Cause] continued macroeconomic recovery in Europe and the U.S [Relation] cause [Effect] 5% top-line growth in fiscal 2022",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] continued macroeconomic recovery in Europe and the U.S. [Relation] cause [Effect] top-line growth in fiscal 2022 on persistent B2C demand growth",
    "input": "Assuming continued macroeconomic recovery in Europe and the U.S., we expect 5% top-line growth in fiscal 2022 on persistent B2C demand growth, partly offset by tough comparisons.",
    "output": "[Cause] persistent B2C demand growth [Relation] prevent [Effect] 5% top-line growth in fiscal 2022",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Intel's manufacturing struggles [Relation] cause [Effect] major customers such as Apple, Amazon, and Microsoft developing their own ARM-based CPUs for PCs and servers",
    "input": "Intel's manufacturing struggles have also led to major customers such as Apple, Amazon, and Microsoft developing their own ARM-based CPUs for PCs and servers, which is likely to curb overall growth for Intel's core CPU business as these chips are likely made at TSMC.",
    "output": "[Cause] Intel's manufacturing struggles [Relation] cause [Effect] major customers such as Apple, Amazon, and Microsoft developing their own ARM-based CPUs for PCs and servers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] these chips are likely made at TSMC [Relation] prevent [Effect] overall growth for Intel's core CPU business",
    "input": "Intel's manufacturing struggles have also led to major customers such as Apple, Amazon, and Microsoft developing their own ARM-based CPUs for PCs and servers, which is likely to curb overall growth for Intel's core CPU business as these chips are likely made at TSMC.",
    "output": "[Cause] Intel's manufacturing struggles [Relation] cause [Effect] major customers such as Apple, Amazon, and Microsoft developing their own ARM-based CPUs for PCs and servers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a renewed focus on execution [Relation] cause [Effect] a separate, dedicated salesforce for pet food and the rollout of a proprietary artificial intelligence tool in retail stores",
    "input": "In addition, a renewed focus on execution will result in a separate, dedicated salesforce for pet food and the rollout of a proprietary artificial intelligence tool in retail stores.",
    "output": "[Cause] a renewed focus on execution [Relation] cause [Effect] a separate, dedicated salesforce for pet food and the rollout of a proprietary artificial intelligence tool in retail stores",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] he support it provides [Relation] enable [Effect] allow the latter to maintain its operating profile in the midst of economic uncertainty and competitive intensity",
    "input": "We believe TCCC is keenly aware of this reality, and the support it provides for bottlers like Coca-Cola Femsa should allow the latter to maintain its operating profile in the midst of economic uncertainty and competitive intensity.",
    "output": "[Cause] TCCC is keenly aware of this reality [Relation] enable [Effect] the support it provides for bottlers like Coca-Cola Femsa should allow the latter to maintain its operating profile in the midst of economic uncertainty and competitive intensity",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] nearly 7% growth in the consumer solutions segment [Relation] cause [Effect] average compound annual revenue growth of roughly 6% through 2025",
    "input": "We assume average compound annual revenue growth of roughly 6% through 2025, fueled by nearly 7% growth in the consumer solutions segment, where we think Pentair can continue to capture incremental market share gains thanks to its continuous innovation.",
    "output": "[Cause] nearly 7% growth in the consumer solutions segment [Relation] enable [Effect] average compound annual revenue growth of roughly 6% through 2025",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its continuous innovation [Relation] cause [Effect] Pentair can continue to capture incremental market share gains",
    "input": "We assume average compound annual revenue growth of roughly 6% through 2025, fueled by nearly 7% growth in the consumer solutions segment, where we think Pentair can continue to capture incremental market share gains thanks to its continuous innovation.",
    "output": "[Cause] its continuous innovation [Relation] enable [Effect] Pentair can continue to capture incremental market share gains",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  large customers' preference of buying from a list of preferred component suppliers [Relation] cause [Effect] Parker should also benefit",
    "input": "Parker should also benefit from large customers' preference of buying from a list of preferred component suppliers, underpinning what we see as strong switching costs, as well as a robust amount of intellectual property protecting this revenue stream.",
    "output": "[Cause] large customers' preference of buying from a list of preferred component suppliers [Relation] enable [Effect] Parker should also benefit",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Accenture is already pitching a variety of solutions to enterprises worth millions of dollars [Relation] cause [Effect] easily pitch Accenture Interactive services",
    "input": "In other words, Accenture is already pitching a variety of solutions to enterprises worth millions of dollars and therefore can easily pitch Accenture Interactive services.",
    "output": "[Cause] Accenture is already pitching a variety of solutions to enterprises worth millions of dollars [Relation] enable [Effect] easily pitch Accenture Interactive services",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] growth in corporate outsourcing [Relation] enable [Effect]  more recurring and thus less cyclical but also entails lower operating margins than the company's core brokerage business",
    "input": "CBRE has been pursuing growth in corporate outsourcing, which is more recurring and thus less cyclical but also entails lower operating margins than the company's core brokerage business.",
    "output": "[Cause] CBRE has been pursuing growth in corporate outsourcing [Relation] enable [Effect] is more recurring and thus less cyclical",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] CVS took on substantial debt to merge with Aetna [Relation] cause [Effect] creates another set of financial risks on top of its operational risks",
    "input": "Additionally, CVS took on substantial debt to merge with Aetna, which creates another set of financial risks on top of its operational risks.",
    "output": "[Cause] CVS took on substantial debt to merge with Aetna [Relation] cause [Effect] creates another set of financial risks on top of its operational risks",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] with the growth of the U.S [Relation] cause [Effect] its market share has declined in many key product lines",
    "input": "Additionally, its market share has declined in many key product lines, especially starting in the mid-2000s with the growth of the U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] the growth of the U.S. [Relation] cause [Effect] its market share has declined in many key product lines",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the Internet of Things trend develops [Relation] cause [Effect] opened the firm up to further high margin opportunities and markets",
    "input": "Both of the firm's 2017 acquisitions (Marvell's multimedia solutions business and Conexant Systems) were margin-accretive, bolstering gross margins, but also opened the firm up to further high margin opportunities and markets in the future as the Internet of Things trend develops.",
    "output": "[Cause] the Internet of Things trend develops [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm up to further high margin opportunities and markets in the future",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the primary security solution for authorization that can restrict certain data to various departments, and an audit trail is recorded [Relation] enable [Effect] Each piece of data is tracked and breadcrumbs are recorded, a centralized access control works with existing identity security providers or acts",
    "input": "Each piece of data is tracked and breadcrumbs are recorded, a centralized access control works with existing identity security providers or acts as the primary security solution for authorization that can restrict certain data to various departments, and an audit trail is recorded.",
    "output": "[Cause] Each piece of data is tracked and breadcrumbs are recorded [Relation] cause [Effect] a centralized access control works with existing identity security providers or acts as the primary security solution for authorization that can restrict certain data to various departments, and an audit trail is recorded",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the expense of average revenue [Relation] enable [Effect] subscriber growth",
    "input": "The firm is also introducing much lower priced mobile only plans in markets like India and Malaysia that will drive subscriber growth at the expense of average revenue.",
    "output": "[Cause] The firm is also introducing much lower priced mobile only plans in markets like India and Malaysia [Relation] enable [Effect] drive subscriber growth at the expense of average revenue",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] volume leverage more than offset this pressure over the remainder of the year [Relation] cause [Effect] solid gross margin expansion (to 40% from 36% in 2019) for the full year despite first-quarter supply and demand disruption (which led to more than 1,200 basis points of deleverage for the period)",
    "input": "We expect solid gross margin expansion (to 40% from 36% in 2019) for the full year despite first-quarter supply and demand disruption (which led to more than 1,200 basis points of deleverage for the period), as volume leverage more than offset this pressure over the remainder of the year.",
    "output": "[Cause] volume leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] more than offset this pressure over the remainder of the year",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the maintenance side of the business can prove more consistent [Relation] cause [Effect] pro revenue could be less cyclical",
    "input": "Additionally, thanks to the MRO business (Interline Brands and HD Supply), pro revenue could be less cyclical, as the maintenance side of the business can prove more consistent.",
    "output": "[Cause] the MRO business [Relation] enable [Effect] pro revenue could be less cyclical",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] those potential customers opt for more safely perceived land-based vacations given the recent media hype [Relation] cause [Effect] we believe pricing gains will be bound by the lack of new cruisers over the near term",
    "input": "Furthermore, we believe pricing gains will be bound by the lack of new cruisers over the near term, as those potential customers opt for more safely perceived land-based vacations given the recent media hype.",
    "output": "[Cause] the recent media hype [Relation] cause [Effect] those potential customers opt for more safely perceived land-based vacations",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the different end markets that each company is exposed to and partially due to the particular products supplied to those end markets [Relation] cause [Effect] the different end markets that each company is exposed to and partially due to the particular products supplied to those end markets",
    "input": "Gross margins for Amphenol are slightly below competitors TE Connectivity (32% versus 33%) and Sensata (34%). This is partially due to the different end markets that each company is exposed to and partially due to the particular products supplied to those end markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] the different end markets that each company is exposed to and partially due to the particular products supplied to those end markets [Relation] cause [Effect] Gross margins for Amphenol are slightly below competitors TE Connectivity (32% versus 33%) and Sensata (34)",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  incremental coronavirus-related expenses [Relation] enable [Effect]  offset operating expense leverage",
    "input": "Additionally, we expect a small decrease in adjusted income from operations as a percentage of revenue (17.2%) as we expect incremental coronavirus-related expenses to continue to offset operating expense leverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] a percentage of revenue (17.2%) [Relation] cause [Effect] a small decrease in adjusted income from operations",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  incremental coronavirus-related expenses [Relation] cause [Effect] a small decrease in adjusted income from operations as a percentage of revenue (17.2%)",
    "input": "Additionally, we expect a small decrease in adjusted income from operations as a percentage of revenue (17.2%) as we expect incremental coronavirus-related expenses to continue to offset operating expense leverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] incremental coronavirus-related expenses [Relation] prevent [Effect] operating expense leverage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] American Water was unable to treat and remove all of the chemical mixture in its water treatment process [Relation] cause [Effect] contaminated the drinking water system",
    "input": "American Water was unable to treat and remove all of the chemical mixture in its water treatment process and as a result contaminated the drinking water system.",
    "output": "[Cause] American Water was unable to treat and remove all of the chemical mixture in its water treatment process [Relation] cause [Effect] contaminated the drinking water system",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the industry's stable structure [Relation] enable [Effect] solid wireless results over the next several years",
    "input": "We expect solid wireless results over the next several years thanks to the industry's stable structure, but growth will likely remain only modest over the long term.",
    "output": "[Cause] the industry's stable structure [Relation] enable [Effect] solid wireless results over the next several years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] nearline drives will sustain healthy demand as rising bandwidth demand [Relation] cause [Effect] data center buildouts\u2014more than offsetting the ongoing decline in the firm's legacy HDD sales",
    "input": "We think nearline drives will sustain healthy demand as rising bandwidth demand leads to data center buildouts\u2014more than offsetting the ongoing decline in the firm's legacy HDD sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] rising bandwidth demand [Relation] cause [Effect] nearline drives will sustain healthy demand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  continued shifts of workloads to a cloud environment, prompting the database market to grow robustly, especially NoSQL databases like document-based databases, as companies realize how much easier it is to scale data storage in the clouds [Relation] enable [Effect] MongoDB is in its infancy but has a massive market opportunity and a large runway for growth ahead of itself",
    "input": "MongoDB is in its infancy but has a massive market opportunity and a large runway for growth ahead of itself. This substantial growth is driven by continued shifts of workloads to a cloud environment, prompting the database market to grow robustly, especially NoSQL databases like document-based databases, as companies realize how much easier it is to scale data storage in the clouds.",
    "output": "[Cause] MongoDB is in its infancy but has a massive market opportunity and a large runway for growth ahead of itself [Relation] cause [Effect] the database market to grow robustly, especially NoSQL databases like document-based databases, as companies realize how much easier it is to scale data storage in the clouds",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Adoption of products like RPA [Relation] cause [Effect] two to three times revenue uplift potential in the cloud compared with on-premises",
    "input": "Adoption of products like RPA can have to two to three times revenue uplift potential in the cloud compared with on-premises and can be deployed at very low incremental cost, helping expand gross margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] Adoption of products like RPA [Relation] enable [Effect] expand gross margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the deal closes [Relation] cause [Effect] Thomson Reuters will own approximately 15% of the London Stock Exchange",
    "input": "The deal must still be approved by regulators, but once the deal closes, Thomson Reuters will own approximately 15% of the London Stock Exchange, enabling the company to be increasingly focused on enterprise software and legal data.",
    "output": "[Cause] The deal must still be approved by regulators [Relation] cause [Effect] Thomson Reuters will own approximately 15% of the London Stock Exchange",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Thomson Reuters will own approximately 15% of the London Stock Exchange [Relation] enable [Effect] enabling the company to be increasingly focused on enterprise software and legal data",
    "input": "The deal must still be approved by regulators, but once the deal closes, Thomson Reuters will own approximately 15% of the London Stock Exchange, enabling the company to be increasingly focused on enterprise software and legal data.",
    "output": "[Cause] The deal must still be approved by regulators [Relation] enable [Effect] Thomson Reuters will own approximately 15% of the London Stock Exchange",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a steepening yield curve [Relation] cause [Effect] increases the value of competing income alternatives",
    "input": "If interest rates increase, Williams shares could underperform, as a steepening yield curve increases the value of competing income alternatives.",
    "output": "[Cause] interest rates increase [Relation] cause [Effect] Williams shares could underperform",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] interest rates increase [Relation] cause [Effect] Williams shares could underperform",
    "input": "If interest rates increase, Williams shares could underperform, as a steepening yield curve increases the value of competing income alternatives.",
    "output": "[Cause] a steepening yield curve [Relation] enable [Effect] increases the value of competing income alternatives",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it can also impair economic profits [Relation] cause [Effect] We expect General Mills to continue to adjust its portfolio to better align with secular trends, but this strategy has limitations",
    "input": "We expect General Mills to continue to adjust its portfolio to better align with secular trends, but this strategy has limitations, as it can also impair economic profits.",
    "output": "[Cause] it can also impair economic profits [Relation] cause [Effect] We expect General Mills to continue to adjust its portfolio to better align with secular trends, but this strategy has limitations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its broadband and other services such as data centers and IT services offset voice declines [Relation] enable [Effect] some continued growth from the fixed-line side",
    "input": "We also expect some continued growth from the fixed-line side as its broadband and other services such as data centers and IT services offset voice declines.",
    "output": "[Cause] its broadband and other services such as data centers and IT services offset voice declines [Relation] cause [Effect] some continued growth from the fixed-line side",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] pandemic lockdowns [Relation] cause [Effect] Expeditors is seeing air and ocean volume pressure",
    "input": "This year, Expeditors is seeing air and ocean volume pressure from pandemic lockdowns, though airfreight rates (to shippers) are spiking on tight capacity, providing a strong offset, and demand is rebounding sequentially in the second half.",
    "output": "[Cause] Expeditors is seeing air and ocean volume pressure from pandemic lockdowns [Relation] enable [Effect] airfreight rates (to shippers) are spiking on tight capacity, providing a strong offset, and demand is rebounding sequentially in the second half",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the higher-margin clinical trials business (2025 EBITDA margin of over 20%) and diluted by the lab segment (5% margin) and reimbursed expenses [Relation] enable [Effect] a total company EBITDA margin of about 19% in 2025, improving from about 17% in 2019",
    "input": "This results in a total company EBITDA margin of about 19% in 2025, improving from about 17% in 2019. This is largely driven by the higher-margin clinical trials business (2025 EBITDA margin of over 20%) and diluted by the lab segment (5% margin) and reimbursed expenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] the higher-margin clinical trials business (2025 EBITDA margin of over 20%) and diluted by the lab segment (5% margin) and reimbursed expenses [Relation] cause [Effect] a total company EBITDA margin of about 19% in 2025, improving from about 17% in 2019",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  frequent online flash sales, heavy discounting, and expansions of relatively low-priced products [Relation] cause [Effect] Kate Spade's previous management damaged the brand",
    "input": "Further, we think Kate Spade's previous management damaged the brand through frequent online flash sales, heavy discounting, and expansions of relatively low-priced products.",
    "output": "[Cause] frequent online flash sales, heavy discounting, and expansions of relatively low-priced products [Relation] cause [Effect] Kate Spade's previous management damaged the brand",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] weak steel demand [Relation] cause [Effect] a reduction in pricing power for Posco",
    "input": "Steelmakers' profitability is highly linked to raw material prices (the iron ore price in particular), while weak steel demand would result in a reduction in pricing power for Posco.",
    "output": "[Cause] Steelmakers' profitability is highly linked to raw material prices [Relation] cause [Effect] a reduction in pricing power for Posco",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the relationships it has built through years of low prices and excellent customer service at its Southeastern electric utilities [Relation] cause [Effect] Much of the company's success",
    "input": "Much of the company's success hinges on the relationships it has built through years of low prices and excellent customer service at its Southeastern electric utilities.",
    "output": "[Cause] the relationships it has built through years of low prices and excellent customer service at its Southeastern electric utilities [Relation] cause [Effect] Much of the company's success",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] While we see incremental investments deleveraging against weaker travel demand in the near term, our 2024 operating margin (after investments wane and travel demand returns) is 15.7% [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins to expand to 17.9% in 2029 from 9.1% in 2019 (heavy investment year period)",
    "input": "While we see incremental investments deleveraging against weaker travel demand in the near term, our 2024 operating margin (after investments wane and travel demand returns) is 15.7%. As a result of our top-line and cost forecasts, we expect operating margins to expand to 17.9% in 2029 from 9.1% in 2019 (heavy investment year period).",
    "output": "[Cause] While we see incremental investments deleveraging against weaker travel demand in the near term, our 2024 operating margin (after investments wane and travel demand returns) is 15.7% [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins to expand to 17.9% in 2029 from 9.1% in 2019 (heavy investment year period)",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] AMD's recent share gains at Intel's (and to a lesser extent, Nvidia) expense [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm to stabilize its balance sheet while increasing AMD's ability to invest in future products",
    "input": "AMD's recent share gains at Intel's (and to a lesser extent, Nvidia) expense have allowed the firm to stabilize its balance sheet while increasing AMD's ability to invest in future products.",
    "output": "[Cause] AMD's recent share gains at Intel's (and to a lesser extent, Nvidia) expense [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm to stabilize its balance sheet while increasing AMD's ability to invest in future products",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the key components of the products (such as servo motors) are manufactured in-house through the robotic factories [Relation] enable [Effect] savings in transportation costs related to parts procurement as well as savings achieved through economies of scale",
    "input": "Further, the key components of the products (such as servo motors) are manufactured in-house through the robotic factories. These factors allow savings in transportation costs related to parts procurement as well as savings achieved through economies of scale.",
    "output": "[Cause] the key components of the products (such as servo motors) are manufactured in-house through the robotic factories [Relation] enable [Effect] savings in transportation costs related to parts procurement as well as savings achieved through economies of scale",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] robust BBW throughput continues to provide leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] we model an 8% revenue lift and around flat operating margin performance of 15%",
    "input": "In 2021, we model an 8% revenue lift and around flat operating margin performance of 15% (as robust BBW throughput continues to provide leverage).",
    "output": "[Cause] robust BBW throughput continues to provide leverage [Relation] enable [Effect] we model an 8% revenue lift and around flat operating margin performance of 15%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] dramatically slow T-Mobile's momentum in the market [Relation] cause [Effect] causing it to fail to gain the scale needed to compete long term",
    "input": "New competition could dramatically slow T-Mobile's momentum in the market, causing it to fail to gain the scale needed to compete long term.",
    "output": "[Cause] New competition [Relation] cause [Effect] it to fail to gain the scale needed to compete long term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the impact of the pandemic on patient volumes and hospital budgets [Relation] cause [Effect] moderate pullbacks in both the procedure growth but more notably in system sales in the current year",
    "input": "While we anticipate moderate pullbacks in both the procedure growth but more notably in system sales in the current year, owing to the impact of the pandemic on patient volumes and hospital budgets, our long-term forecast for procedures and system penetration rates remains optimistic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the impact of the pandemic on patient volumes and hospital budgets [Relation] cause [Effect] moderate pullbacks in both the procedure growth but more notably in system sales in the current year",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] regulatory expertise and proprietary data [Relation] enable [Effect]  produce the best trial designs and enroll patients into trials quickly and efficiently",
    "input": "Large global CROs, such as PPD, have developed regulatory expertise and proprietary data that help them produce the best trial designs and enroll patients into trials quickly and efficiently, which allows drugs to reach the market faster.",
    "output": "[Cause] Large global CROs, such as PPD, have developed regulatory expertise and proprietary [Relation] enable [Effect] them produce the best trial designs and enroll patients into trials quickly and efficiently",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  produce the best trial designs and enroll patients into trials quickly and efficiently [Relation] enable [Effect] drugs to reach the market faster",
    "input": "Large global CROs, such as PPD, have developed regulatory expertise and proprietary data that help them produce the best trial designs and enroll patients into trials quickly and efficiently, which allows drugs to reach the market faster.",
    "output": "[Cause] Large global CROs, such as PPD, have developed regulatory expertise and proprietary data [Relation] enable [Effect] help them produce the best trial designs and enroll patients into trials quickly and efficiently",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the long length of time required for the customer to switch [Relation] enable [Effect] this segment",
    "input": "We also believe that this segment benefits from the long length of time required for the customer to switch, as the Bradley replacement has been solicited in various iterations for over a decade, and a replacement would need likely take quite a while to fully develop.",
    "output": "[Cause] the Bradley replacement has been solicited in various iterations for over a decade [Relation] cause [Effect] this segment benefits from the long length of time",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] breadth of portfolio offers the best chance of owning at least a few of the category-growing brands at any point in time and on a consistent basis [Relation] enable [Effect] makes them an important partner to retailers and distributors",
    "input": "For large manufacturers, breadth of portfolio offers the best chance of owning at least a few of the category-growing brands at any point in time and on a consistent basis; this makes them an important partner to retailers and distributors.",
    "output": "[Cause] breadth of portfolio offers the best chance of owning at least a few of the category-growing brands at any point in time and on a consistent basis [Relation] enable [Effect] makes them an important partner to retailers and distributors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Pandemic-related acceleration of digital sales and the need to hold prices down [Relation] prevent [Effect] the operating margins",
    "input": "Pandemic-related acceleration of digital sales and the need to hold prices down should limit SG&A expense leverage, limiting the operating margins to just over 3% on average post-pandemic, versus 3.9% in fiscal 2019 (fiscal 2020's 6.2% mark reflected unprecedented cost leverage).",
    "output": "[Cause] Pandemic-related acceleration of digital sales and the need to hold prices down [Relation] prevent [Effect] SG&A expense leverage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Fifth Third was hit quite hard during the last recession, with its outsize exposure to Rust belt economies such as Detroit, and provisioning that ate up all the bank's net interest income in 2008 and 2009 [Relation] cause [Effect] the bank has not historically had a credit cost advantage, and its operating efficiency ratios have been pressured as well",
    "input": "Fifth Third was hit quite hard during the last recession, with its outsize exposure to Rust belt economies such as Detroit, and provisioning that ate up all the bank's net interest income in 2008 and 2009. This has meant that the bank has not historically had a credit cost advantage, and its operating efficiency ratios have been pressured as well.",
    "output": "[Cause] Fifth Third was hit quite hard during the last recession, with its outsize exposure to Rust belt economies such as Detroit, and provisioning that ate up all the bank's net interest income in 2008 and 2009 [Relation] cause [Effect] the bank has not historically had a credit cost advantage, and its operating efficiency ratios have been pressured as well",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a COVID-19 vaccine is distributed [Relation] cause [Effect]  Delta's fundamentals will recover",
    "input": "We expect Delta's fundamentals will recover after a COVID-19 vaccine is distributed, which we assume will occur in 2021, and business travel subsequently resumes.",
    "output": "[Cause] a COVID-19 vaccine is distributed [Relation] enable [Effect] Delta's fundamentals will recover",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] These items [Relation] enable [Effect]  support competitive core deposit costs, above-average operating efficiency, higher fee income levels, and pricing advantages for the auto business",
    "input": "These items should support competitive core deposit costs, above-average operating efficiency, higher fee income levels, and pricing advantages for the auto business, all of which should enable the bank to consistently earn returns that exceed its 9% cost of equity through the cycle.",
    "output": "[Cause] These items should support competitive core deposit costs, above-average operating efficiency, higher fee income levels, and pricing advantages for the auto business [Relation] enable [Effect] the bank to consistently earn returns that exceed its 9% cost of equity through the cycle",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] we observe a severe oversupply problem in the solar panel industry [Relation] cause [Effect] Kyocera will not be able to compete with cheaper Chinese panels in overseas markets",
    "input": "In other words, as we observe a severe oversupply problem in the solar panel industry, Kyocera will not be able to compete with cheaper Chinese panels in overseas markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] we observe a severe oversupply problem in the solar panel industry [Relation] cause [Effect] Kyocera will not be able to compete with cheaper Chinese panels in overseas markets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Alliance Data Systems gathers data on its client's customers [Relation] enable [Effect] better tailor these programs",
    "input": "Alliance Data Systems gathers data on its client's customers, helping to better tailor these programs, which can create some switching costs in the process.",
    "output": "[Cause] Alliance Data Systems gathers data on its client's customers [Relation] enable [Effect] better tailor these programs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Alliance Data Systems gathers data on its client's customers [Relation] cause [Effect] create some switching costs in the process",
    "input": "Alliance Data Systems gathers data on its client's customers, helping to better tailor these programs, which can create some switching costs in the process.",
    "output": "[Cause] better tailor these programs [Relation] cause [Effect] create some switching costs in the process",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The expense deleverage that the company faces during periods of softer recruitment [Relation] cause [Effect]  the intensity that competitive pressures can have on its business model, as well as the need to develop more comprehensive health and wellness offerings across its marketing and other consumer engagement efforts",
    "input": "The expense deleverage that the company faces during periods of softer recruitment underscores the intensity that competitive pressures can have on its business model, as well as the need to develop more comprehensive health and wellness offerings across its marketing and other consumer engagement efforts.",
    "output": "[Cause] The expense deleverage that the company faces during periods of softer recruitment [Relation] cause [Effect] the intensity that competitive pressures can have on its business model, as well as the need to develop more comprehensive health and wellness offerings across its marketing and other consumer engagement efforts",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] some easing in 2022 thanks to recent COVID-19 stimulus legislation that further delays the resetting of rates until 2022 [Relation] cause [Effect] We assume the new Medicare clinical lab fee schedule adjustments from the first three-year cycle of rating setting will have greater impact in 2020 and 2021",
    "input": "We assume the new Medicare clinical lab fee schedule adjustments from the first three-year cycle of rating setting will have greater impact in 2020 and 2021, with some easing in 2022 thanks to recent COVID-19 stimulus legislation that further delays the resetting of rates until 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] the new Medicare clinical lab fee schedule adjustments from the first three-year cycle of rating setting [Relation] cause [Effect] greater impact in 2020 and 2021, with some easing in 2022 thanks to recent COVID-19 stimulus legislation that further delays the resetting of rates until 2022",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Smucker is heavily exposed to the value and mainstream segments [Relation] cause [Effect] this weakness",
    "input": "We believe this weakness is because Smucker is heavily exposed to the value and mainstream segments, which have lost share as consumers shift purchases to the premium and superpremium segments, suggesting that Smucker has failed to amass pricing power in this niche.",
    "output": "[Cause] Smucker is heavily exposed to the value and mainstream segments [Relation] cause [Effect] this weakness",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it too faces online competition [Relation] cause [Effect] We don't believe Sling will be able to grow meaningfully over the next five years",
    "input": "We don't believe Sling will be able to grow meaningfully over the next five years as it too faces online competition.",
    "output": "[Cause] it too faces online competition [Relation] cause [Effect] We don't believe Sling will be able to grow meaningfully over the next five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] Airlines faced the worst operating environment in history in 2020",
    "input": "Airlines faced the worst operating environment in history in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and dramatically cut capacity to respond to steep drops in demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] Airlines faced the worst operating environment in history in 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] respond to steep drops in demand [Relation] cause [Effect] dramatically cut capacity",
    "input": "Airlines faced the worst operating environment in history in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and dramatically cut capacity to respond to steep drops in demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] Airlines faced the worst operating environment in history in 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its ability for higher investment into tech platforms that can scale, as well as its access to customer data on millions of households [Relation] cause [Effect] bolster the bank's advantages over the longer run",
    "input": "We believe its ability for higher investment into tech platforms that can scale, as well as its access to customer data on millions of households, should bolster the bank's advantages over the longer run.",
    "output": "[Cause] its ability for higher investment into tech platforms that can scale, as well as its access to customer data on millions of households [Relation] enable [Effect] bolster the bank's advantages over the longer run",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] oil producers slow drilling or refineries face falling demand [Relation] cause [Effect] volumes on its system can fall",
    "input": "The partnership is not entirely insulated from energy market risk, since volumes on its system can fall if oil producers slow drilling or refineries face falling demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] oil producers slow drilling or refineries face falling demand [Relation] cause [Effect] volumes on its system can fall",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] volumes on its system can fall [Relation] cause [Effect] The partnership is not entirely insulated from energy market risk",
    "input": "The partnership is not entirely insulated from energy market risk, since volumes on its system can fall if oil producers slow drilling or refineries face falling demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] oil producers slow drilling or refineries face falling demand [Relation] cause [Effect] The partnership is not entirely insulated from energy market risk",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] business disruption and operational risk [Relation] cause [Effect] data loss",
    "input": "Second, once Splunk's software is integrated, switching to a new platform could lead to business disruption and operational risk, resulting in data loss.",
    "output": "[Cause] business disruption and operational risk [Relation] cause [Effect] data loss",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Low interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] exert pressure on SocGen's net interest income",
    "input": "Low interest rates will continue to exert pressure on SocGen's net interest income, while fee income is likely to decline in 2020 as underwriting activities in investment banking are likely to grind to a halt.",
    "output": "[Cause] underwriting activities in investment banking are likely to grind to a halt [Relation] cause [Effect] Low interest rates will continue to exert pressure on SocGen's net interest income",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] underwriting activities in investment banking are likely to grind to a halt [Relation] cause [Effect] fee income is likely to decline in 2020",
    "input": "Low interest rates will continue to exert pressure on SocGen's net interest income, while fee income is likely to decline in 2020 as underwriting activities in investment banking are likely to grind to a halt.",
    "output": "[Cause] underwriting activities in investment banking are likely to grind to a halt [Relation] cause [Effect] SocGen's net interest income",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] another round of business restructuring. [Relation] cause [Effect] C's cost structure is expected to be streamlined further",
    "input": "Operationally, HSBC's cost structure is expected to be streamlined further as the bank announced another round of business restructuring.",
    "output": "[Cause] the bank announced another round of business restructuring [Relation] cause [Effect] HSBC's cost structure is expected to be streamlined further",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company revised the mine plan [Relation] enable [Effect] improve its cash flow at the expense of a shorter mine life",
    "input": "In 2011, the company revised the mine plan in order to improve its cash flow at the expense of a shorter mine life.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company revised the mine plan [Relation] enable [Effect] improve its cash flow at the expense of a shorter mine life",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Qualcomm's chips would be relegated to lower-priced handsets [Relation] prevent [Effect] chip margins",
    "input": "Should all major high-end OEMs utilize only in-house application processors, Qualcomm's chips would be relegated to lower-priced handsets that would curb chip margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] all major high-end OEMs utilize only in-house application processors [Relation] cause [Effect] Qualcomm's chips would be relegated to lower-priced handsets that would curb chip margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] management will be moderately successful with its European consolidation, lifting margins for that segment [Relation] enable [Effect]  elevate the company's historically low operating margin of 8.0% in 2019 to 10% in 2024",
    "input": "We assume that management will be moderately successful with its European consolidation, lifting margins for that segment that will elevate the company's historically low operating margin of 8.0% in 2019 to 10% in 2024.",
    "output": "[Cause] We assume that management will be moderately successful with its European consolidation [Relation] enable [Effect] lifting margins for that segment that will elevate the company's historically low operating margin of 8.0% in 2019 to 10% in 2024",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] stiffer regulations on carbon emissions [Relation] cause [Effect] raise the price of air travel",
    "input": "Air travel is a carbon-intensive service, and stiffer regulations on carbon emissions would likely raise the price of air travel and thus depress demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] Air travel is a carbon-intensive service [Relation] cause [Effect] stiffer regulations on carbon emissions would likely raise the price of air travel",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] raise the price of air travel [Relation] cause [Effect] depress demand",
    "input": "Air travel is a carbon-intensive service, and stiffer regulations on carbon emissions would likely raise the price of air travel and thus depress demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] Air travel is a carbon-intensive service [Relation] cause [Effect] depress demand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Absent the Legg Mason deal [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm's managed assets were up 0.3% on a year-over-year basis",
    "input": "Absent the Legg Mason deal, which added $797 billion in AUM at the end of July 2020, the firm's managed assets were up 0.3% on a year-over-year basis.",
    "output": "[Cause] Absent the Legg Mason deal [Relation] cause [Effect] added $797 billion in AUM at the end of July 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] electric arc furnaces allow for the use of complementary, high-iron-content feedstocks [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce per-unit steelmaking costs",
    "input": "Additionally, unlike blast furnaces, electric arc furnaces allow for the use of complementary, high-iron-content feedstocks that help reduce per-unit steelmaking costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] unlike blast furnaces, electric arc furnaces [Relation] enable [Effect] the use of complementary, high-iron-content feedstocks",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] smaller, independent casual dining operators exiting the market [Relation] cause [Effect] our expectations of moderate unit opening acceleration in future years",
    "input": "With management reiterating its outlook for 35-40 net new restaurant openings for fiscal 2021 and our expectations of moderate unit opening acceleration in future years due to smaller, independent casual dining operators exiting the market, our longer-term revenue assumptions remain largely intact.",
    "output": "[Cause] management reiterating its outlook for 35-40 net new restaurant openings for fiscal 2021 and our expectations of moderate unit opening acceleration in future years [Relation] cause [Effect] our longer-term revenue assumptions remain largely intact",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] co-developed products are highly successful [Relation] cause [Effect] partners could also demand a greater share of profits",
    "input": "We think there is a risk these partners will look elsewhere if Neogen does not successfully scale licensed products, and partners could also demand a greater share of profits if co-developed products are highly successful.",
    "output": "[Cause] Neogen does not successfully scaled products [Relation] cause [Effect] a risk these partners will look elsewhere",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] leverage from strong pricing [Relation] cause [Effect] incremental adjusted OR (net of fuel) improvement to around 85.1% in 2021",
    "input": "We also expect incremental adjusted OR (net of fuel) improvement to around 85.1% in 2021, thanks in part to leverage from strong pricing.",
    "output": "[Cause] leverage from strong pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] incremental adjusted OR (net of fuel) improvement to around 85.1% in 2021",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Its portfolio of widely successful franchises [Relation] enable [Effect] allows the firm to monetize its intellectual property",
    "input": "Its portfolio of widely successful franchises allows the firm to monetize its intellectual property year Electronic Gaming & Multimediaafter year by delivering content via sequels, expansion packs, downloadable content, or DLC, and toys, exemplified by the decade-old World of Warcraft franchise and the annual versions of Call of Duty.",
    "output": "[Cause] Its portfolio of widely successful franchises [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm to monetize its intellectual property year Electronic Gaming & Multimediaafter year",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] delivering content via sequels, expansion packs, downloadable content, or DLC, and toys [Relation] enable [Effect] allows the firm to monetize its intellectual property",
    "input": "Its portfolio of widely successful franchises allows the firm to monetize its intellectual property year Electronic Gaming & Multimediaafter year by delivering content via sequels, expansion packs, downloadable content, or DLC, and toys, exemplified by the decade-old World of Warcraft franchise and the annual versions of Call of Duty.",
    "output": "[Cause] Its portfolio of widely successful franchises [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm to monetize its intellectual property year Electronic Gaming & Multimediaafter year",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] aggressive approach at building a recognizable brand [Relation] cause [Effect]  the company's success",
    "input": "In this regard, the company's success can be attributed to its aggressive approach at building a recognizable brand to attract consumers and consequently the agents seeking their business.",
    "output": "[Cause] its aggressive approach at building a recognizable brand [Relation] enable [Effect] attract consumers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] aggressive approach at building a recognizable brand [Relation] cause [Effect] attract consumers and consequently the agents seeking their business",
    "input": "In this regard, the company's success can be attributed to its aggressive approach at building a recognizable brand to attract consumers and consequently the agents seeking their business.",
    "output": "[Cause] its aggressive approach at building a recognizable brand [Relation] cause [Effect] the company's success",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] broadband pricing is low in Mexico [Relation] enable [Effect] price increases in the near to medium term",
    "input": "Additionally, broadband pricing is low in Mexico, which allows for price increases in the near to medium term as Internet access becomes even more a necessity for Mexican households.",
    "output": "[Cause] Internet access becomes even more a necessity for Mexican households [Relation] cause [Effect] broadband pricing is low in Mexico",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Internet access becomes even more a necessity for Mexican households [Relation] enable [Effect] price increases in the near to medium term",
    "input": "Additionally, broadband pricing is low in Mexico, which allows for price increases in the near to medium term as Internet access becomes even more a necessity for Mexican households.",
    "output": "[Cause] Internet access becomes even more a necessity for Mexican households [Relation] cause [Effect] price increases in the near to medium term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] landing initial solutions [Relation] enable [Effect] Okta has ample cross-selling and up-selling opportunities",
    "input": "In our view, Okta has ample cross-selling and up-selling opportunities after landing initial solutions, and we expect entities to favor purchasing their customer identity solutions in a hybrid-cloud world over in-house developments.",
    "output": "[Cause] Okta has ample cross-selling and up-selling opportunities after landing initial solutions [Relation] cause [Effect] entities to favor purchasing their customer identity solutions in a hybrid-cloud world over in-house developments",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consumers balk at higher prices [Relation] cause [Effect] deteriorating volume",
    "input": "Conversely, if it seeks to conserve profits, it could be subject to deteriorating volume if consumers balk at higher prices.",
    "output": "[Cause] it seeks to conserve profits [Relation] cause [Effect] it could be subject to deteriorating volume if consumers balk at higher prices",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] rapidly growing solar demand [Relation] cause [Effect] government energy policies worldwide will suppor",
    "input": "We have strong confidence that government energy policies worldwide will support rapidly growing solar demand for at least the next 10 years.",
    "output": "[Cause] government energy policies worldwide [Relation] enable [Effect] support rapidly growing solar demand for at least the next 10 years",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] relying on water bodies (such as the Colorado River) where average annual flows are at historic lows, or on underground aquifers that are overexploited [Relation] enable [Effect] Many of the most apposite locales for breweries in the country (be it because of proximity to ports, warehousing facilities, or labor availability) are plagued by water supply issues",
    "input": "Many of the most apposite locales for breweries in the country (be it because of proximity to ports, warehousing facilities, or labor availability) are plagued by water supply issues. These include relying on water bodies (such as the Colorado River) where average annual flows are at historic lows, or on underground aquifers that are overexploited.",
    "output": "[Cause] proximity to ports, warehousing facilities, or labor availability [Relation] cause [Effect] Many of the most apposite locales for breweries in the country (be it because of proximity to ports, warehousing facilities, or labor availability) are plagued by water supply issues",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the aquatic systems segment derives roughly 85% of its sales from aftermarket service and replacement parts [Relation] cause [Effect] the bulk of the segment's sales is attributable to over 5 million existing swimming pools in the U.S., and Pentair does not rely solely on new construction starts to increase its revenue in the segment",
    "input": "For example, the aquatic systems segment derives roughly 85% of its sales from aftermarket service and replacement parts. As such, the bulk of the segment's sales is attributable to over 5 million existing swimming pools in the U.S., and Pentair does not rely solely on new construction starts to increase its revenue in the segment.",
    "output": "[Cause] the aquatic systems segment derives roughly 85% of its sales from aftermarket service and replacement parts [Relation] cause [Effect] the bulk of the segment's sales is attributable to over 5 million existing swimming pools in the U.S., and Pentair does not rely solely on new construction starts to increase its revenue in the segment",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The potential volatility in profits and returns [Relation] cause [Effect] our high uncertainty rating",
    "input": "The potential volatility in profits and returns brought on by the firm's operating leverage and cyclical demand results in our high uncertainty rating.",
    "output": "[Cause] The potential volatility in profits and returns [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm's operating leverage and cyclical demand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm's operating leverage and cyclical demand [Relation] cause [Effect] The potential volatility in profits and returns",
    "input": "The potential volatility in profits and returns brought on by the firm's operating leverage and cyclical demand results in our high uncertainty rating.",
    "output": "[Cause] The potential volatility in profits and returns [Relation] cause [Effect] our high uncertainty rating",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ESG index subscriptions and license fees from ESG ETFs [Relation] enable [Effect] MSCI monetizes its ESG data in its index segment",
    "input": "ESG continues to be a focus for MSCI and in addition to data subscriptions, MSCI monetizes its ESG data in its index segment through ESG index subscriptions and license fees from ESG ETFs.",
    "output": "[Cause] ESG continues to be a focus for MSCI and in addition to data subscriptions [Relation] enable [Effect] MSCI monetizes its ESG data in its index segment through ESG index subscriptions and license fees from ESG ETFs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  high-cost production comes offline first [Relation] cause [Effect] falling prices",
    "input": "We expect demand for uncoated free sheet, used in office paper and envelopes, to decline 4%-5% annually in developed markets, accompanied by falling prices as high-cost production comes offline first.",
    "output": "[Cause] high-cost production comes offline first [Relation] cause [Effect] demand for uncoated free sheet, used in office paper and envelopes, to decline 4%-5% annually in developed markets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The biggest ESG risk we see revolves around broadband and wireless communications' essential function in society [Relation] cause [Effect] regulators may take a heavy hand in ensuring providers reach all residents at reasonable price",
    "input": "The biggest ESG risk we see revolves around broadband and wireless communications' essential function in society, which means regulators may take a heavy hand in ensuring providers reach all residents at reasonable price--potentially limiting pricing power and forcing higher spending even when it doesn't make economic sense.",
    "output": "[Cause] The biggest ESG risk we see revolves around broadband and wireless communications' essential function in society [Relation] cause [Effect] regulators may take a heavy hand in ensuring providers reach all residents at reasonable price",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] regulators may take a heavy hand in ensuring providers reach all residents at reasonable price [Relation] cause [Effect] limiting pricing power and forcing higher spending even when it doesn't make economic sense",
    "input": "The biggest ESG risk we see revolves around broadband and wireless communications' essential function in society, which means regulators may take a heavy hand in ensuring providers reach all residents at reasonable price--potentially limiting pricing power and forcing higher spending even when it doesn't make economic sense.",
    "output": "[Cause] regulators may take a heavy hand in ensuring providers reach all residents at reasonable price [Relation] cause [Effect] limiting pricing power and forcing higher spending even when it doesn't make economic sense",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] low visibility surrounding the magnitude of industrial end market recovery [Relation] cause [Effect] elevated uncertainty to our volume assumptions for 2021 and 2022",
    "input": "Along those lines, low visibility surrounding the magnitude of industrial end market recovery brings elevated uncertainty to our volume assumptions for 2021 and 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] low visibility surrounding the magnitude of industrial end market recovery [Relation] cause [Effect] elevated uncertainty to our volume assumptions for 2021 and 2022",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the growing body of clinical data for Hologic's Genius system [Relation] enable [Effect] establish its superiority in the minds of clinicians",
    "input": "While this adds a new level of competition and could apply some pricing pressure, we think the growing body of clinical data for Hologic's Genius system helps to establish its superiority in the minds of clinicians.",
    "output": "[Cause] the growing body of clinical data for Hologic's Genius system [Relation] enable [Effect] establish its superiority in the minds of clinicians",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Targeting a wide consumer base with a core customer who is female, 35-65 years old with household income of $50,000-over $175,000 [Relation] cause [Effect] Wayfair is competing with mass-market retailers, specialty retail, and low-cost providers",
    "input": "Targeting a wide consumer base with a core customer who is female, 35-65 years old with household income of $50,000-over $175,000 also means Wayfair is competing with mass-market retailers, specialty retail, and low-cost providers, making it harder to stay top of mind.",
    "output": "[Cause] Targeting a wide consumer base with a core customer who is female, 35-65 years old with household income of $50,000-over $175,000 [Relation] cause [Effect] harder to stay top of mind",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Wayfair is competing with mass-market retailers, specialty retail, and low-cost providers [Relation] cause [Effect] harder to stay top of mind",
    "input": "Targeting a wide consumer base with a core customer who is female, 35-65 years old with household income of $50,000-over $175,000 also means Wayfair is competing with mass-market retailers, specialty retail, and low-cost providers, making it harder to stay top of mind.",
    "output": "[Cause] Wayfair is competing with mass-market retailers, specialty retail, and low-cost providers [Relation] cause [Effect] harder to stay top of mind",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm is unable to effectively source and integrate new employees [Relation] cause [Effect]  slow innovation and affect Splunk's competitive positioning",
    "input": "If the firm is unable to effectively source and integrate new employees, it could slow innovation and affect Splunk's competitive positioning.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm is unable to effectively source and integrate new employees [Relation] cause [Effect] slow innovation and affect Splunk's competitive positioning",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] in multiyear periods of large harvests, volatility is reduced [Relation] prevent [Effect] the trading desk's ability to make a profit",
    "input": "Conversely, in multiyear periods of large harvests, volatility is reduced, which limits the trading desk's ability to make a profit.",
    "output": "[Cause] in multiyear periods of large harvests, volatility is reduced [Relation] prevent [Effect] the trading desk's ability to make a profit",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consumers shift away from processed, high-sugar, and high-carb foods [Relation] cause [Effect] Post's cereal businesses represent 61% of corporate profits and are facing secular declines",
    "input": "Post's cereal businesses represent 61% of corporate profits and are facing secular declines, as consumers shift away from processed, high-sugar, and high-carb foods.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumers shift away from processed, high-sugar, and high-carb foods [Relation] cause [Effect] Post's cereal businesses represent 61% of corporate profits and are facing secular declines",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  firms are hesitant to incur the training costs and disruptions associated with switching providers [Relation] cause [Effect] they are receptive to Wiley's comprehensive set of offerings and unlikely to switch to another provider",
    "input": "Because firms are hesitant to incur the training costs and disruptions associated with switching providers (and because developing materials in-house is costly and carries risk of ineffectiveness; the same applies for assessment products), they are receptive to Wiley's comprehensive set of offerings and unlikely to switch to another provider.",
    "output": "[Cause] firms are hesitant to incur the training costs and disruptions associated with switching providers [Relation] cause [Effect] they are receptive to Wiley's comprehensive set of offerings and unlikely to switch to another provider",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Halliburton to earn essentially no economic profits from sand logistics and only slim economic profits from other efficiency advantages [Relation] cause [Effect] while Halliburton has previously enjoyed a multifaceted advantage in pressure pumping, we believe its economic profits going forward will come chiefly from one source: its superior pressure pumping equipment",
    "input": "But on the whole, we expect Halliburton to earn essentially no economic profits from sand logistics and only slim economic profits from other efficiency advantages. Thus, while Halliburton has previously enjoyed a multifaceted advantage in pressure pumping, we believe its economic profits going forward will come chiefly from one source: its superior pressure pumping equipment.",
    "output": "[Cause] Halliburton to earn essentially no economic profits from sand logistics and only slim economic profits from other efficiency advantages [Relation] cause [Effect] while Halliburton has previously enjoyed a multifaceted advantage in pressure pumping, we believe its economic profits going forward will come chiefly from one source: its superior pressure pumping equipment",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] improving utilization with increasing student demand and average selling price hikes [Relation] cause [Effect] a five-year average gross margin of 55.6% from fiscal 2021 to fiscal 2026",
    "input": "Thus, we also expect a five-year average gross margin of 55.6% from fiscal 2021 to fiscal 2026, due to improving utilization with increasing student demand and average selling price hikes.",
    "output": "[Cause] improving utilization with increasing student demand and average selling price hikes [Relation] cause [Effect] a five-year average gross margin of 55.6% from fiscal 2021 to fiscal 2026",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the option of contingency payment deal structures [Relation] enable [Effect] reduce uncertainty around conversion efforts",
    "input": "With management indicating that mergers and acquisitions are more likely than not, we think LPL will need to show evidence of better advisor conversion following these types of acquisitions, and we like the option of contingency payment deal structures to reduce uncertainty around conversion efforts.",
    "output": "[Cause] the option of contingency payment deal structures [Relation] enable [Effect] reduce uncertainty around conversion efforts",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company's dominance in Mexico [Relation] enable [Effect]  the Mexico & Central America segment to outpace South America",
    "input": "Geographically, we expect the Mexico & Central America segment to outpace South America, particularly in price, owing to the company's dominance in Mexico.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's dominance in Mexico [Relation] cause [Effect] the Mexico & Central America segment to outpace South America",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the high supply growth present in many of the company's markets and the ever-present competition from alternative housing options keeps rent growth in the low- to mid-single-digits [Relation] cause [Effect] the company acquired its portfolio at low initial cap rates and the realized internal growth rate isn't high enough to exceed the company's WACC",
    "input": "Additionally, the high supply growth present in many of the company's markets and the ever-present competition from alternative housing options keeps rent growth in the low- to mid-single-digits. As a result, the company acquired its portfolio at low initial cap rates and the realized internal growth rate isn't high enough to exceed the company's WACC.",
    "output": "[Cause] the high supply growth present in many of the company's markets and the ever-present competition from alternative housing options keeps rent growth in the low- to mid-single-digits [Relation] cause [Effect] the company acquired its portfolio at low initial cap rates and the realized internal growth rate isn't high enough to exceed the company's WACC",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the maturation of EUV [Relation] cause [Effect] we believe will incrementally expand over the next five years",
    "input": "Our gross margin projection for 2021 is 50%, which we believe will incrementally expand over the next five years due to the maturation of EUV, which currently has a lower-than-corporate-average gross margin.",
    "output": "[Cause] due to the maturation of EUV [Relation] cause [Effect] Our gross margin projection for 2021 is 50%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ethylene oxide becomes more of a priority for these state officials [Relation] enable [Effect] Teleflex could potentially face supply disruptions",
    "input": "As licenses for these facilities are given by state and local officials, if ethylene oxide becomes more of a priority for these state officials, Teleflex could potentially face supply disruptions.",
    "output": "[Cause] ethylene oxide becomes more of a priority for these state officials [Relation] cause [Effect] Teleflex could potentially face supply disruptions",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it wants to compete in the global medical cannabis market [Relation] cause [Effect] it would need to open cultivation internationally",
    "input": "We think it would need to open cultivation internationally if it wants to compete in the global medical cannabis market--an unlikely event until federal laws are changed.",
    "output": "[Cause] it wants to compete in the global medical cannabis market [Relation] enable [Effect] it would need to open cultivation internationally",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  to navigate the vastly complex terrain of databases with ample assistance [Relation] cause [Effect] to purchase a MongoDB Enterprise Advanced subscription",
    "input": "Still, the most compelling reason to purchase a MongoDB Enterprise Advanced subscription is to navigate the vastly complex terrain of databases with ample assistance, as the commercial license still requires the database to ultimately be run and maintained by the customer--which is an arduous task.",
    "output": "[Cause] the commercial license [Relation] cause [Effect] the database to ultimately be run and maintained by the customer",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] mandatory insurance and standards on riskier mortgage loans, not having a government-subsidized mortgage securitization market, and forcing banks to hold more of the risk on their own balance sheets [Relation] cause [Effect] makes it more difficult for bad credit to be issued",
    "input": "Canadian regulation also makes it more difficult for bad credit to be issued, including mandatory insurance and standards on riskier mortgage loans, not having a government-subsidized mortgage securitization market, and forcing banks to hold more of the risk on their own balance sheets.",
    "output": "[Cause] Canadian regulation [Relation] enable [Effect] it more difficult for bad credit to be issued",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This leading supply of reviews and information [Relation] cause [Effect] user traffic and mobile app awareness above key metasearch competitors Kayak and Trivago",
    "input": "This leading supply of reviews and information has led to user traffic and mobile app awareness above key metasearch competitors Kayak and Trivago.",
    "output": "[Cause] This leading supply of reviews and information [Relation] cause [Effect] user traffic and mobile app awareness above key metasearch competitors Kayak and Trivago",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  absent a headline driving acquisition in the commercial real estate data space [Relation] cause [Effect] the chance that the government will proactively address the issue is low",
    "input": "However, absent a headline driving acquisition in the commercial real estate data space, we think the chance that the government will proactively address the issue is low.",
    "output": "[Cause] absent a headline driving acquisition in the commercial real estate data space [Relation] cause [Effect] the chance that the government will proactively address the issue is low",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  lifting our medium-term revenue and operating margin forecasts and time value of money since our last update | Following Echo's impressive first-quarter results [Relation] cause [Effect] we are raising our fair value estimate to $27.50 from $25.50",
    "input": "Following Echo's impressive first-quarter results, we are raising our fair value estimate to $27.50 from $25.50, due to lifting our medium-term revenue and operating margin forecasts and time value of money since our last update.",
    "output": "[Cause] lifting our medium-term revenue and operating margin forecasts and time value of money since our last update [Relation] cause [Effect] Following Echo's impressive first-quarter results, we are raising our fair value estimate to $27.50 from $25.50",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] firms turn to Sonoco for light-weighting solutions such as molded foam seating components or trunk liners and load floors [Relation] enable [Effect] allow them to meet fuel economy standards",
    "input": "Automotive end markets could prove lucrative as firms turn to Sonoco for light-weighting solutions such as molded foam seating components or trunk liners and load floors that allow them to meet fuel economy standards.",
    "output": "[Cause] firms turn to Sonoco for light-weighting solutions [Relation] enable [Effect] Automotive end markets could prove lucrative",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] firms turn to Sonoco for light-weighting solutions such as molded foam seating components or trunk liners and load floors [Relation] enable [Effect] Automotive end markets could prove lucrative",
    "input": "Automotive end markets could prove lucrative as firms turn to Sonoco for light-weighting solutions such as molded foam seating components or trunk liners and load floors that allow them to meet fuel economy standards.",
    "output": "[Cause] molded foam seating components or trunk liners and load floors [Relation] enable [Effect] allow them to meet fuel economy standards",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a steadily improving global economic environment and rising cost leverage as S&A and advertising costs are spread across more toys sold [Relation] cause [Effect]  operating margins to improve slowly",
    "input": "We forecast operating margins to improve slowly (back to 14% in 2024), helped by a steadily improving global economic environment and rising cost leverage as S&A and advertising costs are spread across more toys sold.",
    "output": "[Cause] a steadily improving global economic environment and rising cost leverage as S&A and advertising costs are spread across more toys sold [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins to improve slowly",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] operators think it can accommodate at least 20 wells per square mile on the surface, which is at least double the optimum density in other plays [Relation] cause [Effect] there are still enough undrilled well locations in the basin to keep the E&amp;P industry busy for decades",
    "input": "As a result, operators think it can accommodate at least 20 wells per square mile on the surface, which is at least double the optimum density in other plays. As a result, there are still enough undrilled well locations in the basin to keep the E&amp;P industry busy for decades.",
    "output": "[Cause] operators think it can accommodate at least 20 wells per square mile on the surface, which is at least double the optimum density in other plays [Relation] cause [Effect] there are still enough undrilled well locations in the basin to keep the E&amp;P industry busy for decades",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the limited fixed costs in the business model [Relation] cause [Effect] the impact will be more modest",
    "input": "We believe margins should also benefit from better growth over time, but the impact will be more modest, given the limited fixed costs in the business model.",
    "output": "[Cause] the limited fixed costs in the business model [Relation] cause [Effect] the impact will be more modest",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] spending is more material-intensive per dollar than residential construction [Relation] cause [Effect] Nonresidential construction is the most important driver in the category",
    "input": "Nonresidential construction is the most important driver in the category, as spending is more material-intensive per dollar than residential construction.",
    "output": "[Cause] spending is more material-intensive per dollar than residential construction [Relation] cause [Effect] Nonresidential construction is the most important driver in the category",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] we think Equinix's reliance on its major customers will keep a lid on its pricing power and offset higher escalators for other enterprise customers [Relation] cause [Effect] We expect revenue per cabinet to rise only modestly--about 2% annually",
    "input": "We expect revenue per cabinet to rise only modestly--about 2% annually--as we think Equinix's reliance on its major customers will keep a lid on its pricing power and offset higher escalators for other enterprise customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Equinix's reliance on its major customers [Relation] cause [Effect] keep a lid on its pricing power and offset higher escalators for other enterprise customers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] volatility in commodity prices, specifically oil [Relation] cause [Effect] affect profitability",
    "input": "Finally, volatility in commodity prices, specifically oil, may affect profitability if fuel prices remain inflated for an extended period (Royal hedges about half of current-year costs).",
    "output": "[Cause] fuel prices remain inflated for an extended period [Relation] cause [Effect] volatility in commodity prices, specifically oil",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] fuel prices remain inflated for an extended period [Relation] cause [Effect] affect profitability",
    "input": "Finally, volatility in commodity prices, specifically oil, may affect profitability if fuel prices remain inflated for an extended period (Royal hedges about half of current-year costs).",
    "output": "[Cause] volatility in commodity prices [Relation] cause [Effect] affect profitability",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Antero's strong leverage to NGLs and condensate [Relation] enable [Effect] the company to benefit more from strengthening NGL prices",
    "input": "Antero's strong leverage to NGLs and condensate is rare among natural gas producers in the Northeast and enables the company to benefit more from strengthening NGL prices, driven by increasing domestic and export demand for NGLs and increasing pipeline capacity out of the Appalachia region.",
    "output": "[Cause] Antero's strong leverage to NGLs and condensate [Relation] enable [Effect] the company to benefit more from strengthening NGL prices",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increasing domestic and export demand for NGLs and increasing pipeline capacity out of the Appalachia region [Relation] enable [Effect] strengthening NGL prices",
    "input": "Antero's strong leverage to NGLs and condensate is rare among natural gas producers in the Northeast and enables the company to benefit more from strengthening NGL prices, driven by increasing domestic and export demand for NGLs and increasing pipeline capacity out of the Appalachia region.",
    "output": "[Cause] Antero's strong leverage to NGLs and condensate is rare among natural gas producers in the Northeast [Relation] enable [Effect] the company to benefit more from strengthening NGL prices",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Intel's 7-nm process delay (of 6-12 months) [Relation] cause [Effect]  we likely won't see Intel chips on this process node until late 2022 at the earliest",
    "input": "Intel's 7-nm process delay (of 6-12 months) means we likely won't see Intel chips on this process node until late 2022 at the earliest.",
    "output": "[Cause] Intel's 7-nm process delay (of 6-12 months) [Relation] cause [Effect] we likely won't see Intel chips on this process node until late 2022 at the earliest",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] onboarding users of Workday software onto a new system [Relation] cause [Effect] friction in accomplishing a number of critical business tasks",
    "input": "But perhaps even more burdensome, would be onboarding users of Workday software onto a new system--in which the user experience will certainly differ--leading to friction in accomplishing a number of critical business tasks.",
    "output": "[Cause] onboarding users of Workday software onto a new system [Relation] cause [Effect] friction in accomplishing a number of critical business tasks",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] acquisitions [Relation] enable [Effect] Sensata to enter new, high-growth markets",
    "input": "While acquisitions allow Sensata to enter new, high-growth markets, a consolidating marketplace could cause Sensata to be outbid for, or overpay for, targets, diluting firm value.",
    "output": "[Cause] acquisitions [Relation] enable [Effect] Sensata to enter new, high-growth markets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a consolidating marketplace [Relation] cause [Effect] cause Sensata to be outbid for, or overpay for, targets",
    "input": "While acquisitions allow Sensata to enter new, high-growth markets, a consolidating marketplace could cause Sensata to be outbid for, or overpay for, targets, diluting firm value.",
    "output": "[Cause] a consolidating marketplace [Relation] cause [Effect] Sensata to be outbid for, or overpay for, targets, diluting firm value",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] cause Sensata to be outbid for, or overpay for, targets [Relation] cause [Effect] diluting firm value",
    "input": "While acquisitions allow Sensata to enter new, high-growth markets, a consolidating marketplace could cause Sensata to be outbid for, or overpay for, targets, diluting firm value.",
    "output": "[Cause] a consolidating marketplace [Relation] cause [Effect] Sensata to be outbid for, or overpay for, targets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  alcohol consumption has negative public health connotations [Relation] cause [Effect] governments sometimes use the industry as a way to raise the tax rate while incurring limited political risk",
    "input": "As alcohol consumption has negative public health connotations, governments sometimes use the industry as a way to raise the tax rate while incurring limited political risk.",
    "output": "[Cause] alcohol consumption has negative public health connotations [Relation] cause [Effect] governments sometimes use the industry as a way to raise the tax rate while incurring limited political risk",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Altice increases its share of total customer telecom spending in a given neighborhood [Relation] enable [Effect] it will be able to further outspend rivals on network maintenance and upgrades while gaining operating cost efficiencies",
    "input": "Outside of the New York market, as Altice increases its share of total customer telecom spending in a given neighborhood, we expect it will be able to further outspend rivals on network maintenance and upgrades while gaining operating cost efficiencies.",
    "output": "[Cause] Altice increases its share of total customer telecom spending in a given neighborhood [Relation] enable [Effect] it will be able to further outspend rivals on network maintenance and upgrades while gaining operating cost efficiencies",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the increasingly viral nature of the media [Relation] cause [Effect] omnipresent ESG risk in the form of potential brand degradation",
    "input": "Finally, the increasingly viral nature of the media creates omnipresent ESG risk in the form of potential brand degradation, which is quite acute for most corporations, in our view.",
    "output": "[Cause] the increasingly viral nature of the media [Relation] cause [Effect] omnipresent ESG risk in the form of potential brand degradation",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Biosimilar launches in Europe hit Roche's Rituxan and Herceptin sales by more than 40% in 2018-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] similar declines began in the U.S",
    "input": "Biosimilar launches in Europe hit Roche's Rituxan and Herceptin sales by more than 40% in 2018-19, and similar declines began in the U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] Biosimilar launches in Europe [Relation] cause [Effect] hit Roche's Rituxan and Herceptin sales by more than 40% in 2018-19",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] liquid biopsies emerge that could reduce false-positive rates (and related tissue biopsies) in individual cancer screening indications [Relation] cause [Effect] this end market could come under some pressure in the intermediate term primarily",
    "input": "However, this end market could come under some pressure in the intermediate term primarily as liquid biopsies emerge that could reduce false-positive rates (and related tissue biopsies) in individual cancer screening indications (like colorectal and breast cancer), which represents a moderate threat for the company.",
    "output": "[Cause] this end market could come under some pressure in the intermediate term primarily as liquid biopsies emerge [Relation] enable [Effect] reduce false-positive rates (and related tissue biopsies) in individual cancer screening indications (like colorectal and breast cancer)",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Prescription-grade respiratory inhalers require clean-room environments and a knowledge of labyrinthine regulatory hurdles [Relation] cause [Effect] segment operating margins of around 30%",
    "input": "Prescription-grade respiratory inhalers require clean-room environments and a knowledge of labyrinthine regulatory hurdles, leading to segment operating margins of around 30%.",
    "output": "[Cause] Prescription-grade respiratory inhalers require clean-room environments and a knowledge of labyrinthine regulatory hurdles [Relation] cause [Effect] segment operating margins of around 30%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Cantel's Revox sterilization technology gets fast-tracked by the FDA and contributes to the top-line sooner than expected [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margin of 12.5% by the end of our five-year forecast period",
    "input": "We expect operating margin of 12.5% by the end of our five-year forecast period, although this estimate could prove conservative if Cantel's Revox sterilization technology gets fast-tracked by the FDA and contributes to the top-line sooner than expected.",
    "output": "[Cause] Cantel's Revox sterilization technology gets fast-tracked by the FDA and contributes to the top-line sooner than expected [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margin of 12.5% by the end of our five-year forecast period",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its ability to package hardware, software, services, and third-party applications into sleek, intuitive, and appealing devices [Relation] enable [Effect] Apple's competitive advantage",
    "input": "Apple's competitive advantage stems from its ability to package hardware, software, services, and third-party applications into sleek, intuitive, and appealing devices.",
    "output": "[Cause] its ability to package hardware, software, services, and third-party applications into sleek, intuitive, and appealing devices [Relation] enable [Effect] Apple's competitive advantage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Ross could find itself with an excessively large store network and infrastructure [Relation] enable [Effect] downside exposure relative to our estimates",
    "input": "However, if competition takes a greater toll than we expect on the sector, Ross could find itself with an excessively large store network and infrastructure, creating downside exposure relative to our estimates.",
    "output": "[Cause] competition takes a greater toll [Relation] cause [Effect] Ross could find itself with an excessively large store network and infrastructure",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] large RIAs typically have more than one custodian [Relation] cause [Effect] Envestnet's open-architecture approach is more attractive than a custodian's offering",
    "input": "We note that large RIAs typically have more than one custodian, so Envestnet's open-architecture approach is more attractive than a custodian's offering.",
    "output": "[Cause] large RIAs typically have more than one custodian [Relation] cause [Effect] Envestnet's open-architecture approach is more attractive than a custodian's offering",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] We forecast operating income to be broadly flat over the next five years [Relation] enable [Effect] we await the outcome of the planned merger and acquisition spending to boost the growth rate.",
    "input": "We forecast operating income to be broadly flat over the next five years as we await the outcome of the planned merger and acquisition spending to boost the growth rate.",
    "output": "[Cause] we await the outcome of the planned merger and acquisition spending [Relation] enable [Effect] operating income to be broadly flat over the next five years",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] adding potential third-dose booster sales for Comirnaty/BNT162b2, the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 [Relation] enable [Effect] increasing our fair value estimate to $76 from $70 per ADR",
    "input": "We are increasing our fair value estimate to $76 from $70 per ADR after adding potential third-dose booster sales for Comirnaty/BNT162b2, the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.",
    "output": "[Cause] adding potential third-dose booster sales for Comirnaty/BNT162b2, the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 [Relation] cause [Effect] increasing our fair value estimate to $76 from $70 per ADR",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a combination of increased holding costs and interest expenses [Relation] cause [Effect] significant stress on its financial results",
    "input": "In a housing downturn, the company could see a combination of increased holding costs and interest expenses cause significant stress on its financial results.",
    "output": "[Cause] a combination of increased holding costs and interest expenses [Relation] cause [Effect] significant stress on its financial results",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Additional competition from well-capitalized investors [Relation] cause [Effect]  drive up prices and force Realty Income to either pursue fewer acquisitions, acquire at lower cap rates, or reduce the quality of properties it acquires",
    "input": "Additional competition from well-capitalized investors could drive up prices and force Realty Income to either pursue fewer acquisitions, acquire at lower cap rates, or reduce the quality of properties it acquires.",
    "output": "[Cause] Additional competition from well-capitalized investors [Relation] cause [Effect] drive up prices and force Realty Income to either pursue fewer acquisitions, acquire at lower cap rates, or reduce the quality of properties it acquires",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its enterprise visibility and mobility segment [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm's growth driver",
    "input": "We think the firm's growth driver will be its enterprise visibility and mobility segment, which we forecast to grow at a rate of 7% following 2020 as it continues to make up a larger portion of the overall top line.",
    "output": "[Cause] its enterprise visibility and mobility segment [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm's growth driver",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it continues to make up a larger portion of the overall top line [Relation] cause [Effect] we forecast to grow at a rate of 7% following 2020",
    "input": "We think the firm's growth driver will be its enterprise visibility and mobility segment, which we forecast to grow at a rate of 7% following 2020 as it continues to make up a larger portion of the overall top line.",
    "output": "[Cause] it continues to make up a larger portion of the overall top line [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm's growth driver will be its enterprise visibility and mobility segment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] BAT's acquisition of Reynolds American has materially lowered its return on invested capital generation [Relation] cause [Effect] the spreads over the company's weighted average cost of capital to remain very thin",
    "input": "However, BAT's acquisition of Reynolds American has materially lowered its return on invested capital generation, and we expect the spreads over the company's weighted average cost of capital to remain very thin.",
    "output": "[Cause] BAT's acquisition of Reynolds American [Relation] cause [Effect] lowered its return on invested capital generation",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] climate change [Relation] prevent [Effect] permanent drop in deicing salt demand",
    "input": "In its salt operations, climate change could cause a permanent drop in deicing salt demand due to a reduction in snowfall from warmer winter temperatures as warmer climates shift north over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] climate change [Relation] cause [Effect] a reduction in snowfall from warmer winter temperatures",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] over time [Relation] cause [Effect] a reduction in snowfall from warmer winter temperatures as warmer climates shift nort",
    "input": "In its salt operations, climate change could cause a permanent drop in deicing salt demand due to a reduction in snowfall from warmer winter temperatures as warmer climates shift north over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] climate change [Relation] cause [Effect] a reduction in snowfall from warmer winter temperatures",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] reduction in snowfall from warmer winter temperatures [Relation] cause [Effect] warmer climates shift north over time",
    "input": "In its salt operations, climate change could cause a permanent drop in deicing salt demand due to a reduction in snowfall from warmer winter temperatures as warmer climates shift north over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] a reduction in snowfall from warmer winter temperatures [Relation] cause [Effect] a permanent drop in deicing salt demand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] selling higher-cost, lower-return assets including natural gas production in the U.S. [Relation] enable [Effect] ConocoPhillips has reshaped its portfolio",
    "input": "In the last few years, ConocoPhillips has reshaped its portfolio by selling higher-cost, lower-return assets including natural gas production in the U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] selling high-cost, lower-return assets including natural gas production in the U.S [Relation] cause [Effect] ConocoPhillips has reshaped its portfolio",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Many of these consumers generally watch less live television than previous generations and are more likely to using ad-blocking software when using the Internet [Relation] cause [Effect] the almost 35,000 events that Live Nation held in 2018 were likely among the most effective methods of reaching many of these young consumers",
    "input": "Many of these consumers generally watch less live television than previous generations and are more likely to using ad-blocking software when using the Internet. Thus, the almost 35,000 events that Live Nation held in 2018 were likely among the most effective methods of reaching many of these young consumers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Many of these consumers generally watch less live television than previous generations and are more likely to using ad-blocking software when using the Internet [Relation] cause [Effect] the almost 35,000 events that Live Nation held in 2018 were likely among the most effective methods of reaching many of these young consumers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a favorable mix shift [Relation] cause [Effect] dealers generally report higher gross margins",
    "input": "In fact, during a downturn in new vehicle sales, dealers generally report higher gross margins due to a favorable mix shift, but then report lower operating margins due to selling, general, and administrative deleveraging.",
    "output": "[Cause] a favorable mix shift [Relation] cause [Effect] dealers generally report higher gross margins",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] competitor offerings and a pessimistic outlook on the brick-and-mortar retail environment [Relation] cause [Effect]  HP's market share gain in early fiscal 2018 will be difficult to sustain",
    "input": "Regarding the retail point of sale products, our opinion is that HP's market share gain in early fiscal 2018 will be difficult to sustain due to competitor offerings and a pessimistic outlook on the brick-and-mortar retail environment.",
    "output": "[Cause] competitor offerings and a pessimistic outlook on the brick-and-mortar retail environment [Relation] cause [Effect] HP's market share gain in early fiscal 2018 will be difficult to sustain",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] EMR systems are long-term investments, and stronger systems are less likely to switch to a weaker and smaller HCIT provider with limited if any incremental value adds from their current solutions [Relation] cause [Effect] substantial financial and time risks exist for providers to switch from stable platforms, especially in a mature and sticky hospital EMR market",
    "input": "Furthermore, EMR systems are long-term investments, and stronger systems are less likely to switch to a weaker and smaller HCIT provider with limited if any incremental value adds from their current solutions. Therefore, substantial financial and time risks exist for providers to switch from stable platforms, especially in a mature and sticky hospital EMR market.",
    "output": "[Cause] EMR systems are long-term investments, and stronger systems are less likely to switch to a weaker and smaller HCIT provider with limited if any incremental value adds from their current solutions [Relation] cause [Effect] substantial financial and time risks exist for providers to switch from stable platforms, especially in a mature and sticky hospital EMR market",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] social distancing mandates [Relation] enable [Effect] e-commerce sales spiked in 2020",
    "input": "Although we recognize that e-commerce sales spiked in 2020 in response to social distancing mandates, we do not think online sales will continue to grow at the same cadence and could give up some ground once consumers are more comfortable venturing outside the home to a greater extent.",
    "output": "[Cause] social distancing mandates [Relation] cause [Effect] e-commerce sales spiked in 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consumers are more comfortable venturing outside the home to a greater extent [Relation] prevent [Effect] online sales will continue to grow at the same cadence",
    "input": "Although we recognize that e-commerce sales spiked in 2020 in response to social distancing mandates, we do not think online sales will continue to grow at the same cadence and could give up some ground once consumers are more comfortable venturing outside the home to a greater extent.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumers are more comfortable venturing outside the home to a greater extent [Relation] cause [Effect] give up some ground",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a still-fragmented restaurant industry, a growing Chinese middle class, ongoing urbanization trends, and the market becoming increasingly conducive to franchising [Relation] cause [Effect]  we remain optimistic about Yum China's longer-term opportunities",
    "input": "While uneven macro trends, increased competition, evolving consumer preferences, and the impact of coronavirus could change future consumer behavior, we remain optimistic about Yum China's longer-term opportunities, given a still-fragmented restaurant industry, a growing Chinese middle class, ongoing urbanization trends, and the market becoming increasingly conducive to franchising.",
    "output": "[Cause] a still-fragmented restaurant industry, a growing Chinese middle class, ongoing urbanization trends, and the market becoming increasingly conducive to franchising [Relation] cause [Effect] we remain optimistic about Yum China's longer-term opportunities",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] increasing its adoption of its 3DExperience platform [Relation] enable [Effect] Dassault Systemes will be able to work to minimize any additional share new players would take in its markets",
    "input": "While there are new entrants in both the PLM and midmarket CAD spaces, we think that Dassault Systemes will be able to work to minimize any additional share new players would take in its markets by increasing its adoption of its 3DExperience platform.",
    "output": "[Cause] increasing its adoption of its 3DExperience platform [Relation] enable [Effect] Dassault Systemes will be able to work to minimize any additional share new players would take in its markets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Avery throughout our forecast period [Relation] enable [Effect]  falling production costs and higher adoption rates to catalyze RFID sales growth",
    "input": "We expect falling production costs and higher adoption rates to catalyze RFID sales growth for Avery throughout our forecast period.",
    "output": "[Cause] falling production costs and higher adoption rates [Relation] enable [Effect] catalyze RFID sales growth for Avery throughout our forecast period",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ICANN has the right to put the contracts up for bid [Relation] cause [Effect]  raising the possibility of Verisign losing its exclusive right to the TLDs",
    "input": "If there is a significant data breach or if Verisign fails to comply with the terms of the contract, ICANN has the right to put the contracts up for bid, raising the possibility of Verisign losing its exclusive right to the TLDs, which would be catastrophic for the company.",
    "output": "[Cause] ICANN has the right to put the contracts up for bid [Relation] cause [Effect] raising the possibility of Verisign losing its exclusive right to the TLDs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  rising per-capita GDP and disposable income [Relation] cause [Effect] increased penetration rates of consumer packaged goods and consumer durables",
    "input": "In Avery's materials segments, we expect that rising per-capita GDP and disposable income will drive increased penetration rates of consumer packaged goods and consumer durables, both of which make relatively heavy use of pressure sensitive labeling.",
    "output": "[Cause] rising per-capita GDP and disposable income [Relation] enable [Effect] increased penetration rates of consumer packaged goods and consumer durables",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the vast bulk of Pilbara expansion expenditure (to take capacity to 360 million tonnes of iron ore) is already sunk [Relation] cause [Effect] Rio Tinto now doesn't need massive capital expenditure",
    "input": "Rio Tinto now doesn't need massive capital expenditure, given that the vast bulk of Pilbara expansion expenditure (to take capacity to 360 million tonnes of iron ore) is already sunk.",
    "output": "[Cause] the vast bulk of Pilbara expansion expenditure (to take capacity to 360 million tonnes of iron ore) is already sunk [Relation] cause [Effect] Rio Tinto now doesn't need massive capital expenditure",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its plentiful lot supply [Relation] cause [Effect]  the company has shifted to a lighter land acquisition strategy",
    "input": "Given its plentiful lot supply, the company has shifted to a lighter land acquisition strategy, which seeks to reduce the amount of capital tied up in land.",
    "output": "[Cause] its plentiful lot supply [Relation] cause [Effect] the company has shifted to a lighter land acquisition strategy",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  assets will remain strong as patients seek the best treatments from the top health systems [Relation] cause [Effect]  increasing the rents that can be charged to doctor's groups that want to service these patients",
    "input": "Demand for these types of assets will remain strong as patients seek the best treatments from the top health systems, driving consistent patient volumes to their affiliated assets and thus increasing the rents that can be charged to doctor's groups that want to service these patients.",
    "output": "[Cause] Demand for these types of assets will remain strong [Relation] cause [Effect] increasing the rents that can be charged to doctor's groups that want to service these patients",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the coronavirus pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] the San Francisco submarket to be more acutely impacted by occupancy declines",
    "input": "We are decreasing our fair value estimate for Kilroy Realty to $61 per share from $65 since we now expect the San Francisco submarket to be more acutely impacted by occupancy declines due to the coronavirus pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the coronavirus pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] the San Francisco submarket to be more acutely impacted by occupancy declines",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the San Francisco submarket to be more acutely impacted by occupancy declines due to the coronavirus pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] decreasing our fair value estimate for Kilroy Realty to $61 per share from $65",
    "input": "We are decreasing our fair value estimate for Kilroy Realty to $61 per share from $65 since we now expect the San Francisco submarket to be more acutely impacted by occupancy declines due to the coronavirus pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the coronavirus pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] the San Francisco submarket to be more acutely impacted",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company recently announced a goal of low- and no-carbon generation by 2050 [Relation] cause [Effect] require the closure of the remaining coal plants",
    "input": "We estimate it will be less than 20% by 2030, and the company recently announced a goal of low- and no-carbon generation by 2050 that will probably require the closure of the remaining coal plants.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company recently announced a goal of low- and no-carbon generation by 2050 [Relation] cause [Effect] it will be less than 20% by 2030",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] China shifts its focus away from subsidizing the industrial sectors toward encouraging private consumption and reducing pollution [Relation] enable [Effect] reforms should allow prices to move more closely with international benchmarks",
    "input": "As China shifts its focus away from subsidizing the industrial sectors toward encouraging private consumption and reducing pollution, reforms should allow prices to move more closely with international benchmarks.",
    "output": "[Cause] China shifts its focus away from subsidizing the industrial sectors toward encouraging private consumption and reducing pollution [Relation] cause [Effect] reforms should allow prices to move more closely with international benchmarks",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher growth in sleep and respiratory care [Relation] prevent [Effect] slower growth in monitoring and analytics",
    "input": "In connected care we assume slower growth in monitoring and analytics, offset by higher growth in sleep and respiratory care.",
    "output": "[Cause] slower growth in monitoring and analytics [Relation] prevent [Effect] higher growth in sleep and respiratory care",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Starbucks continues to expand beyond Tier I cities [Relation] cause [Effect] 11.3% annual revenue growth",
    "input": "The international segment, heavily skewed toward China, features 11.3% annual revenue growth (excluding 2021), driven primarily by new unit openings (8.5%) as Starbucks continues to expand beyond Tier I cities.",
    "output": "[Cause] new unit openings (8.5%) [Relation] enable [Effect] The international segment, heavily skewed toward China, features 11.3% annual revenue growth",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] bad debt expense is coming in much more favorably [Relation] cause [Effect]  us to lower our bad debt expense estimate",
    "input": "After digesting PFG's fiscal second-quarter earnings, we're increasing our fair value estimate to $34 from $32.50 as bad debt expense is coming in much more favorably than we expected, causing us to lower our bad debt expense estimate to $45 million from $230 million previously.",
    "output": "[Cause] bad debt expense is coming in much more favorably than we expected [Relation] cause [Effect] we're increasing our fair value estimate to $34 from $32.50",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] SS&C continues to realize expense synergies from recent acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] We forecast adjusted EBITDA margins to increase from 39% in 2019 to 42% by 2024",
    "input": "We forecast adjusted EBITDA margins to increase from 39% in 2019 to 42% by 2024 as SS&C continues to realize expense synergies from recent acquisitions.",
    "output": "[Cause] SS&C continues to realize expense synergies from recent acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] We forecast adjusted EBITDA margins to increase from 39% in 2019 to 42% by 2024",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] RH's prior reorganization helped untie significant capital [Relation] cause [Effect] inventory that fell 28% between 2016-20 (on 33% sales growth over the same period)",
    "input": "RH's prior reorganization helped untie significant capital, as the firm moved to a sale-leaseback model on new projects, implemented reverse logistics to liquidate product, and adjusted the distribution center footprint, which led to inventory that fell 28% between 2016-20 (on 33% sales growth over the same period).",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm moved to a sale-leaseback model on new projects, implemented reverse logistics to liquidate product, and adjusted the distribution center footprint [Relation] cause [Effect] inventory that fell 28% between 2016-20 (on 33% sales growth over the same period",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the first mover in this space [Relation] cause [Effect] Veeva has a built-in structural advantage",
    "input": "Domain expertise in software for pharma and biotech companies has proven to be a powerful barrier to entry, and as the first mover in this space, Veeva has a built-in structural advantage when it comes to sales & marketing costs compared with other verticals.",
    "output": "[Cause] Domain expertise in software for pharma and biotech companies has proven to be a powerful barrier to entry [Relation] enable [Effect] Veeva has a built-in structural advantage when it comes to sales & marketing costs compared with other verticals",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] top-line growth begins to slow from a startup cadence, [Relation] enable [Effect] this metric will normalize",
    "input": "We expect this metric will normalize as the company's penetration reaches critical mass and top-line growth begins to slow from a startup cadence, while the increasing magnitude of negative working capital skews the metric, making it less relevant than for other home furnishing retailers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the increasing magnitude of negative working capital [Relation] cause [Effect] skews the metric",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the increasing magnitude of negative working capital skews the metric [Relation] enable [Effect] it less relevant than for other home furnishing retailers",
    "input": "We expect this metric will normalize as the company's penetration reaches critical mass and top-line growth begins to slow from a startup cadence, while the increasing magnitude of negative working capital skews the metric, making it less relevant than for other home furnishing retailers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the increasing magnitude of negative working capital [Relation] prevent [Effect] metric",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a buoyant market and recent acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue grows quickly in the near-term",
    "input": "In our base case, we assume revenue grows quickly in the near-term due to a buoyant market and recent acquisitions, and slows gradually in later years.",
    "output": "[Cause] a buoyant market and recent acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue grows quickly in the near-term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a buoyant market and recent acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] slows gradually in later years",
    "input": "In our base case, we assume revenue grows quickly in the near-term due to a buoyant market and recent acquisitions, and slows gradually in later years.",
    "output": "[Cause] a buoyant market and recent acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue grows quickly in the near-term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] African swine fever [Relation] cause [Effect] global pork shortage",
    "input": "However, over the next few years, we think growth in the pork segment will exceed long-term averages, due to higher prices and strong export demand given the global pork shortage resulting from African swine fever.",
    "output": "[Cause] the global pork shortage resulting from African swine fever [Relation] cause [Effect] growth in the pork segment will exceed long-term averages",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  higher prices and strong export demand [Relation] enable [Effect] growth in the pork segment will exceed long-term averages",
    "input": "However, over the next few years, we think growth in the pork segment will exceed long-term averages, due to higher prices and strong export demand given the global pork shortage resulting from African swine fever.",
    "output": "[Cause] the global pork shortage [Relation] cause [Effect] growth in the pork segment will exceed long-term averages",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The coronavirus [Relation] prevent [Effect] sales in fiscal",
    "input": "The coronavirus had a severe adverse effect on its sales in fiscal 2021 as many stores were forced to close temporarily.",
    "output": "[Cause] many stores were forced to close temporarily [Relation] cause [Effect] The coronavirus had a severe adverse effect on its sales in fiscal 2021",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] 95% of African mobile users are prepaid [Relation] cause [Effect]  higher churn rates",
    "input": "Additionally, 95% of African mobile users are prepaid, which results in higher churn rates as switching costs for customers are low.",
    "output": "[Cause] 95% of African mobile users are prepaid [Relation] cause [Effect] higher churn rates",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  switching costs for customers are low [Relation] cause [Effect]  higher churn rates",
    "input": "Additionally, 95% of African mobile users are prepaid, which results in higher churn rates as switching costs for customers are low.",
    "output": "[Cause] switching costs for customers are low [Relation] cause [Effect] higher churn rates",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  as the Permian assets may struggle a bit more over the next few years with tougher pipe-on-pipe competition due to a well-supplied pipeline network [Relation] enable [Effect] We think there's opportunities to invest more behind DJ Basin assets",
    "input": "We think there's opportunities to invest more behind DJ Basin assets, as the Permian assets may struggle a bit more over the next few years with tougher pipe-on-pipe competition due to a well-supplied pipeline network.",
    "output": "[Cause] a well-supplied pipeline network [Relation] cause [Effect] the Permian assets may struggle a bit more over the next few years with tougher pipe-on-pipe competition",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the extremely high level of splintered ownership [Relation] cause [Effect] it will not approach the 20% royalty interest that could be earned off a well",
    "input": "However, it will not approach the 20% royalty interest that could be earned off a well, given the extremely high level of splintered ownership.",
    "output": "[Cause] the extremely high level of splintered ownership [Relation] cause [Effect] it will not approach the 20% royalty interest that could be earned off a well",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the rise of online grocery, hastened in part [Relation] enable [Effect]  some positive implications for the industry",
    "input": "Although the rise of online grocery, hastened in part by the coronavirus crisis, certainly has some positive implications for the industry, it is unlikely to cause demand to explode like e-commerce did for traditional industrial space.",
    "output": "[Cause] the coronavirus crisis [Relation] cause [Effect] demand to explode",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the increasing mix of software-oriented technologies in Aptiv's product portfolio [Relation] cause [Effect] Our 16.5% midcycle assumption represents a 80-basis-point expansion compared with the 10-year median",
    "input": "Our 16.5% midcycle assumption represents a 80-basis-point expansion compared with the 10-year median due to the increasing mix of software-oriented technologies in Aptiv's product portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] the increasing mix of software-oriented technologies in Aptiv's product portfolio [Relation] cause [Effect] Our 16.5% midcycle assumption represents a 80-basis-point expansion compared with the 10-year median",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] millennials ascend age and income demographic segments, upgrading their living arrangements or purchasing a new home [Relation] enable [Effect] the company can move to market higher-ticket and age-appropriate Pottery Barn and Williams-Sonoma products to the right consumer",
    "input": "As millennials ascend age and income demographic segments, upgrading their living arrangements or purchasing a new home, the company can move to market higher-ticket and age-appropriate Pottery Barn and Williams-Sonoma products to the right consumer.",
    "output": "[Cause] millennials ascend age and income demographic segments, upgrading their living arrangements or purchasing a new home [Relation] enable [Effect] the company can move to market higher-ticket and age-appropriate Pottery Barn and Williams-Sonoma products to the right consumer",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The stringent capital requirements that the largest banks are held to give us some reassurance [Relation] enable [Effect] these banks will be able to weather the next economic downturn.",
    "input": "The stringent capital requirements that the largest banks are held to give us some reassurance that these banks will be able to weather the next economic downturn.",
    "output": "[Cause] The stringent capital requirements that the largest banks are held [Relation] enable [Effect] give us some reassurance that these banks will be able to weather the next economic downturn",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the decline of Candy Crush Saga is offset by growth from new King Digital properties, the reintroduction of third-party ads, and Activision/Blizzard mobile efforts [Relation] cause [Effect] We expect the mobile segment to grow 11%",
    "input": "We expect the mobile segment to grow 11%, as the decline of Candy Crush Saga is offset by growth from new King Digital properties, the reintroduction of third-party ads, and Activision/Blizzard mobile efforts.",
    "output": "[Cause] the decline of Candy Crush Saga is offset by new King Digital properties, the reintroduction of third-party ads, and Activision/Blizzard mobile efforts [Relation] cause [Effect] the mobile segment to grow 11%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] competition heats up [Relation] cause [Effect] Fee margins in wealth management should remain under pressure",
    "input": "Fee margins in wealth management should remain under pressure as competition heats up and the high transactional revenue booked during 2020 moderates.",
    "output": "[Cause] competition heats up [Relation] cause [Effect] Fee margins in wealth management should remain under pressure",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the high transactional revenue booked during 2020 moderates [Relation] cause [Effect] Fee margins in wealth management should remain under pressure",
    "input": "Fee margins in wealth management should remain under pressure as competition heats up and the high transactional revenue booked during 2020 moderates.",
    "output": "[Cause] competition heats up [Relation] cause [Effect] Fee margins in wealth management should remain under pressure",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Both AutoCAD and Revit are BIM software [Relation] cause [Effect] geometric and object information can be exported from or imported to AutoCAD and Revit programs",
    "input": "Both AutoCAD and Revit are BIM software, and therefore, geometric and object information can be exported from or imported to AutoCAD and Revit programs.",
    "output": "[Cause] Both AutoCAD and Revit are BIM software [Relation] cause [Effect] geometric and object information can be exported from or imported to AutoCAD and Revit programs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] many stores have been forced to close temporarily and heavy discounting is likely [Relation] cause [Effect] The coronavirus is likely to have a severe adverse effect on its sales in fiscal 2021",
    "input": "The coronavirus is likely to have a severe adverse effect on its sales in fiscal 2021 as many stores have been forced to close temporarily and heavy discounting is likely.",
    "output": "[Cause] many stores have been forced to close temporarily and heavy discounting is likely [Relation] cause [Effect] The coronavirus is likely to have a severe adverse effect on its sales in fiscal 2021",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] supply chain disruptions and staffing issues",
    "input": "However, we believe supply chain disruptions and staffing issues due to COVID-19 will make it difficult for HEI to fully execute its utility investment plan.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] supply chain disruptions and staffing issues",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] prevent [Effect] HEI to fully execute its utility investment plan",
    "input": "However, we believe supply chain disruptions and staffing issues due to COVID-19 will make it difficult for HEI to fully execute its utility investment plan.",
    "output": "[Cause] supply chain disruptions and staffing issues [Relation] cause [Effect] it difficult for HEI to fully execute its utility investment plan",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] SSO gives employees a single way to access all their applications [Relation] enable [Effect] security teams can easily scale up and down application privileges per user",
    "input": "SSO gives employees a single way to access all their applications, and security teams can easily scale up and down application privileges per user.",
    "output": "[Cause] SSO gives employees a single way to access all their applications [Relation] enable [Effect] security teams can easily scale up and down application privileges per user",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] An option contract strategy [Relation] cause [Effect] lower average land inventory on the balance sheet and higher, more consistent returns on invested capital",
    "input": "An option contract strategy generally leads to lower average land inventory on the balance sheet and higher, more consistent returns on invested capital.",
    "output": "[Cause] An option contract strategy [Relation] cause [Effect] lower average land inventory on the balance sheet and higher, more consistent returns on invested capital",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Lam competes with the likes of Applied Materials and Tokyo Electron [Relation] enable [Effect] have invested heavily to improve their products in etch to lessen Lam's technological lead",
    "input": "Lam competes with the likes of Applied Materials and Tokyo Electron, both of which have invested heavily to improve their products in etch to lessen Lam's technological lead.",
    "output": "[Cause] invest heavily [Relation] enable [Effect] improve their products in etch to lessen Lam's technological lead",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] performance deteriorates or Syneos faces major changes in biopharma R&D spending [Relation] cause [Effect] Syneos may have trouble meeting interest payments and investing in its business to sustain growth",
    "input": "If performance deteriorates or Syneos faces major changes in biopharma R&D spending, Syneos may have trouble meeting interest payments and investing in its business to sustain growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] performance deteriorates or Syneos faces major changes in biopharma R&D spending [Relation] cause [Effect] Syneos may have trouble meeting interest payments and investing in its business to sustain growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] an exacerbation of global overcapacity [Relation] cause [Effect] reduced steel pricing",
    "input": "Indeed, the most significant headwind that could cause a material deterioration of earnings in the coming years would be reduced steel pricing due to an exacerbation of global overcapacity, as a function of increasing global production capacity and stagnant demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] an exacerbation of global overcapacity [Relation] cause [Effect] the most significant headwind",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] reduced steel pricing [Relation] cause [Effect] the most significant headwind that could cause a material deterioration of earnings in the coming years",
    "input": "Indeed, the most significant headwind that could cause a material deterioration of earnings in the coming years would be reduced steel pricing due to an exacerbation of global overcapacity, as a function of increasing global production capacity and stagnant demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] a function of increasing global production capacity and stagnant demand [Relation] cause [Effect] the most significant headwind that could cause a material deterioration of earnings in the coming years",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the firm grows internationally, making sales uncertain [Relation] cause [Effect] foreign exchange exposure could prove unpredictable",
    "input": "Also, foreign exchange exposure could prove unpredictable as the firm grows internationally, making sales uncertain, although this risk has partially subsided with the exit of the Mexico business.",
    "output": "[Cause] foreign exchange exposure could prove unpredictable as the firm grows internationally [Relation] cause [Effect] making sales uncertain",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Costs for new transmission lines are too high and incremental benefits too low [Relation] prevent [Effect]  offer sufficient returns on capital for two competing transmission owners",
    "input": "Costs for new transmission lines are too high and incremental benefits too low to offer sufficient returns on capital for two competing transmission owners.",
    "output": "[Cause] Costs for new transmission lines are too high and incremental benefits too low [Relation] prevent [Effect] offer sufficient returns on capital for two competing transmission owners",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Increased time spent on WeChat and mobile QQ [Relation] enable [Effect] attracted third-party content creators (online games and media) and merchants",
    "input": "Increased time spent on WeChat and mobile QQ has attracted third-party content creators (online games and media) and merchants, which is helping to improve and lengthen user experiences.",
    "output": "[Cause] Increased time spent on WeChat and mobile QQ [Relation] enable [Effect] attracted third-party content creators (online games and media) and merchants",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] attracted third-party content creators (online games and media) and merchants [Relation] enable [Effect] helping to improve and lengthen user experiences",
    "input": "Increased time spent on WeChat and mobile QQ has attracted third-party content creators (online games and media) and merchants, which is helping to improve and lengthen user experiences.",
    "output": "[Cause] Increased time spent on WeChat and mobile QQ [Relation] enable [Effect] improve and lengthen user experiences",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] We believe the biggest risk is a slowdown in the real estate market [Relation] enable [Effect] could be indicated by increased home inventories for sale, slower growth in prices, or higher mortgage interest rates.",
    "input": "We believe the biggest risk is a slowdown in the real estate market, which could be indicated by increased home inventories for sale, slower growth in prices, or higher mortgage interest rates.",
    "output": "[Cause] increased home inventories for sale, slower growth in prices, or higher mortgage interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] the biggest risk is a slowdown in the real estate market",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] discounting was a key culprit in operating margins tumbling to just 3% in 2019 at the segment, [Relation] cause [Effect] evidencing the lack of a competitive edge.",
    "input": "And we think discounting was a key culprit in operating margins tumbling to just 3% in 2019 at the segment, evidencing the lack of a competitive edge.",
    "output": "[Cause] discounting [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins tumbling to just 3% in 2019 at the segment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This [Relation] cause [Effect] more collaboration and cooperation between regulators and banks as well as greater institutional memory and more coordinated and easily implemented responses if strains begin to appear in the system",
    "input": "This leads to more collaboration and cooperation between regulators and banks as well as greater institutional memory and more coordinated and easily implemented responses if strains begin to appear in the system.",
    "output": "[Cause] strains begin to appear in the system [Relation] cause [Effect] more collaboration and cooperation between regulators and banks as well as greater institutional memory and more coordinated and easily implemented responses",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the growth opportunities mentioned [Relation] cause [Effect] mitigated by an increase in profitability",
    "input": "However, we expect operating profit to decrease at a CAGR of 4.3% from 2020 to 2025 mainly due to other steel companies that are included in the other non-parent division mitigated by an increase in profitability as a result of the growth opportunities mentioned.",
    "output": "[Cause] an increase in profitability [Relation] cause [Effect] operating profit to decrease at a CAGR of 4.3% from 2020 to 2025",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] global CROs leverage their expertise [Relation] cause [Effect] shorten the clinical trial time frame and ensure accuracy and precision",
    "input": "More complex trials provide room for differentiation, and global CROs leverage their expertise to shorten the clinical trial time frame and ensure accuracy and precision.",
    "output": "[Cause] global CROs leverage their expertise [Relation] enable [Effect] shorten the clinical trial time frame and ensure accuracy and precision",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Costs to the tower provider are mostly fixed per tower [Relation] cause [Effect]  costs to operate a tower are virtually the same",
    "input": "Costs to the tower provider are mostly fixed per tower, meaning costs to operate a tower are virtually the same whether a tower has one tenant or several tenants.",
    "output": "[Cause] Costs to the tower provider are mostly fixed per tower [Relation] cause [Effect] costs to operate a tower are virtually the same",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] fully integrated producers that make hydroxide produced from high-quality spodumene assets can produce hydroxide at a lower cost than Livent [Relation] cause [Effect]  Livent's position on the lithium hydroxide cost curve rising over time",
    "input": "Further, fully integrated producers that make hydroxide produced from high-quality spodumene assets can produce hydroxide at a lower cost than Livent, which may result in Livent's position on the lithium hydroxide cost curve rising over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] fully integrated producers that make hydroxide produced from high-quality spodumene assets can produce hydroxide at a lower cost than Livent [Relation] cause [Effect] Livent's position on the lithium hydroxide cost curve rising over time",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] stemming from brand power in consumer healthcare and manufacturing cost advantages [Relation] cause [Effect] Pfizer's entrenched consumer and vaccine franchises create an added layer of competitive advantage",
    "input": "Pfizer's entrenched consumer and vaccine franchises create an added layer of competitive advantage, stemming from brand power in consumer healthcare and manufacturing cost advantages in the vaccines division.",
    "output": "[Cause] Pfizer's entrenched consumer and vaccine franchises [Relation] enable [Effect] an added layer of competitive advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Automotive parts are often complex [Relation] cause [Effect]  many consumers depend on AutoZone's well-trained sales staff for knowledge and advice as they seek the right item for their needs",
    "input": "Automotive parts are often complex, so many consumers depend on AutoZone's well-trained sales staff for knowledge and advice as they seek the right item for their needs.",
    "output": "[Cause] Automotive parts are often complex [Relation] cause [Effect] many consumers depend on AutoZone's well-trained sales staff for knowledge and advice as they seek the right item for their needs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The bank's narrow product offering focuses its assets, giving Capital One the benefit of scale in its chosen business lines [Relation] cause [Effect] leaving the bank undiversified as it is reliant on its credit cards and auto lending business",
    "input": "The bank's narrow product offering focuses its assets, giving Capital One the benefit of scale in its chosen business lines. This does have the consequence of leaving the bank undiversified as it is reliant on its credit cards and auto lending business.",
    "output": "[Cause] The bank's narrow product offering focuses its assets, giving Capital One the benefit of scale in its chosen business lines [Relation] cause [Effect] leaving the bank undiversified as it is reliant on its credit cards and auto lending business",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a DRI-based production method is undertaken at lower temperatures [Relation] cause [Effect]  production equipment is also subject to less wear and tear",
    "input": "Because a DRI-based production method is undertaken at lower temperatures, production equipment is also subject to less wear and tear, thereby allowing for lower maintenance and replacement costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] a DRI-based production method is undertaken at lower temperatures [Relation] cause [Effect] production equipment is also subject to less wear and tear",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  production equipment is also subject to less wear and tear [Relation] cause [Effect] allowing for lower maintenance and replacement costs",
    "input": "Because a DRI-based production method is undertaken at lower temperatures, production equipment is also subject to less wear and tear, thereby allowing for lower maintenance and replacement costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] production equipment is also subject to less wear and tear [Relation] cause [Effect] allowing for lower maintenance and replacement costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a handful of players dominates the industry [Relation] cause [Effect] disciplined capacity shutdowns by all of the major companies during the industry downturn",
    "input": "However, a handful of players dominates the industry, a factor that led to disciplined capacity shutdowns by all of the major companies during the industry downturn.",
    "output": "[Cause] a handful of players dominates the industry [Relation] cause [Effect] disciplined capacity shutdowns by all of the major companies during the industry downturn",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] coronavirus-related restaurant disruptions and changes in consumer behavior [Relation] cause [Effect] have a lasting impact on the industry and result in near-term operating volatility and incremental expenses",
    "input": "We also expect coronavirus-related restaurant disruptions and changes in consumer behavior will have a lasting impact on the industry and result in near-term operating volatility and incremental expenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] coronavirus-related restaurant disruptions and changes in consumer behavior [Relation] cause [Effect] have a lasting impact on the industry and result in near-term operating volatility and incremental expenses",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the difficulty in determining every company's exact fiber footprint [Relation] cause [Effect]  we have to rely on results and returns on capital, in aggregate, to determine whether Uniti is truly operating with an efficient scale advantage in this segment",
    "input": "Given the difficulty in determining every company's exact fiber footprint, we have to rely on results and returns on capital, in aggregate, to determine whether Uniti is truly operating with an efficient scale advantage in this segment.",
    "output": "[Cause] the difficulty in determining every company's exact fiber footprint [Relation] cause [Effect] we have to rely on results and returns on capital, in aggregate, to determine whether Uniti is truly operating with an efficient scale advantage in this segment",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] serious reported side effects [Relation] cause [Effect] competitor Octapharma was forced to remove its IVIG product Octagam from the market in 2010",
    "input": "For example, competitor Octapharma was forced to remove its IVIG product Octagam from the market in 2010 because of serious reported side effects.",
    "output": "[Cause] serious reported side effects [Relation] cause [Effect] competitor Octapharma was forced to remove its IVIG product Octagam from the market in 2010",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company's Cameron LNG export project came on line [Relation] enable [Effect]  returns on invested capital to hover just above the firm's cost of capital",
    "input": "We expect returns on invested capital to hover just above the firm's cost of capital after the company's Cameron LNG export project came on line.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's Cameron LNG export project came on line [Relation] enable [Effect] returns on invested capital to hover just above the firm's cost of capital",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company has the scale to serve large, multinational clients anywhere in the world [Relation] cause [Effect] Wesco's size is also an important competitive advantage",
    "input": "Wesco's size is also an important competitive advantage because the company has the scale to serve large, multinational clients anywhere in the world.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company has the scale to serve large, multinational clients anywhere in the world [Relation] enable [Effect] Wesco's size is also an important competitive advantage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm to focus on cross-selling efforts between the distinct sets of Littelfuse and IXYS customers [Relation] enable [Effect]  grow circuit protection content",
    "input": "We expect the firm to focus on cross-selling efforts between the distinct sets of Littelfuse and IXYS customers to grow circuit protection content, and for the firm to extract market share gains in power semiconductors by targeting the industrial and charging infrastructure markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm to focus on cross-selling efforts between the distinct sets of Littelfuse and IXYS customers [Relation] enable [Effect] grow circuit protection content",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] targeting the industrial and charging infrastructure markets [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm to extract market share gains in power semiconductors",
    "input": "We expect the firm to focus on cross-selling efforts between the distinct sets of Littelfuse and IXYS customers to grow circuit protection content, and for the firm to extract market share gains in power semiconductors by targeting the industrial and charging infrastructure markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm to focus on cross-selling efforts between the distinct sets of Littelfuse and IXYS customers [Relation] enable [Effect] to grow circuit protection content",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] revenue to grow at about a 9% CAGR [Relation] cause [Effect] strong growth in ESG and indexes",
    "input": "During our 2021-25 forecast period, we expect revenue to grow at about a 9% CAGR with strong growth in ESG and indexes.",
    "output": "[Cause] strong growth in ESG and indexes [Relation] enable [Effect] revenue to grow at about a 9% CAGR",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  overall operating margins will expand to 20.9% in 2025 from 19.7% in 2019 as the firm gains leverage on selling, general [Relation] cause [Effect]  administrative as well as research and development expenses",
    "input": "Also, we expect overall operating margins will expand to 20.9% in 2025 from 19.7% in 2019 as the firm gains leverage on selling, general, and administrative as well as research and development expenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm gains leverage on selling, general, and administrative as well as research and development expenses [Relation] cause [Effect] overall operating margins will expand to 20.9% in 2025 from 19.7% in 2019",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ad spending has bounced back faster from the pandemic than we had expected [Relation] cause [Effect] increased our 2020 revenue growth estimate to 42% from 32%",
    "input": "We have increased our 2020 revenue growth estimate to 42% from 32%, as early indications are than ad spending has bounced back faster from the pandemic than we had expected.",
    "output": "[Cause] early indications are [Relation] enable [Effect] ad spending has bounced back faster from the pandemic than we had expected",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  slowly moving restaurant industry forced to make widespread investments in technology [Relation] cause [Effect] omnichannel\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\" ordering capabilities to become a required offering from larger players",
    "input": "With the notoriously slowly moving restaurant industry forced to make widespread investments in technology in 2020, we expect \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"omnichannel\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\" ordering capabilities to become a required offering from larger players.",
    "output": "[Cause] the notoriously slowly moving restaurant industry forced to make widespread investments in technology in 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\" ordering capabilities to become a required offering from larger players",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] we assume customers will increasingly adopt higher-margin fuel-efficient engines [Relation] cause [Effect] We project operating margins to reach 13% before moderating to our nearly 12% midcycle assumption",
    "input": "We project operating margins to reach 13% before moderating to our nearly 12% midcycle assumption, as we assume customers will increasingly adopt higher-margin fuel-efficient engines.",
    "output": "[Cause] we assume customers will increasingly adopt higher-margin fuel-efficient engines [Relation] cause [Effect] We project operating margins to reach 13% before moderating to our nearly 12% midcycle assumption",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] While Behr's and Home Depot's joint effort to gain professional painter market share [Relation] prevent [Effect] elevated investment spending and competition from Sherwin-Williams, PPG, and Benjamin Moore to maintain share could result in lower returns on invested capital",
    "input": "While Behr's and Home Depot's joint effort to gain professional painter market share should result in better long-term growth prospects if successful, elevated investment spending and competition from Sherwin-Williams, PPG, and Benjamin Moore to maintain share could result in lower returns on invested capital.",
    "output": "[Cause] elevated investment spending and competition [Relation] cause [Effect] lower returns on invested capital",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increased choline inclusion in prenatal vitamins [Relation] enable [Effect] promoting fetal brain development",
    "input": "Additionally, although its adoption might be very gradual, we expect increased choline inclusion in prenatal vitamins in response to several recent studies highlighting its effectiveness in promoting fetal brain development.",
    "output": "[Cause] increased choline inclusion in prenatal vitamins [Relation] enable [Effect] promoting fetal brain development",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Siemens operates in disparate markets with countercyclical and long-cycle businesses offsetting the higher cyclicality of others [Relation] cause [Effect] We assign a medium uncertainty rating",
    "input": "We assign a medium uncertainty rating, as Siemens operates in disparate markets with countercyclical and long-cycle businesses offsetting the higher cyclicality of others.",
    "output": "[Cause] Siemens operates in disparate markets with countercyclical and long-cycle businesses offsetting the higher cyclicality of others [Relation] cause [Effect] We assign a medium uncertainty rating",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] More than 1,200 company-owned locations were sold to franchisees after the 3G acquisition [Relation] cause [Effect] 99% of systemwide restaurants now being operated by franchisees and licensees",
    "input": "More than 1,200 company-owned locations were sold to franchisees after the 3G acquisition, resulting in 99% of systemwide restaurants now being operated by franchisees and licensees.",
    "output": "[Cause] More than 1,200 company-owned locations were sold to franchisees after the 3G acquisition [Relation] cause [Effect] 99% of systemwide restaurants now being operated by franchisees and licensees",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] business disruptions of what is now essentially a utility [Relation] prevent [Effect] Potential data breaches, given Rogers' access and transport of sensitive data",
    "input": "Potential data breaches, given Rogers' access and transport of sensitive data, and business disruptions of what is now essentially a utility would also be risks.",
    "output": "[Cause] given Rogers' access and transport of sensitive data, and business disruptions of what is now essentially a utility [Relation] cause [Effect] be risks",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its 2012 acquisition of Dako [Relation] enable [Effect] Agilent enjoys a top-tier position in the anatomical pathology market for tissue-based cancer diagnostics",
    "input": "Through its 2012 acquisition of Dako, Agilent enjoys a top-tier position in the anatomical pathology market for tissue-based cancer diagnostics, making it a major player with top-tier diagnostic firms Roche and Danaher.",
    "output": "[Cause] its 2012 acquisition of Dako [Relation] cause [Effect] Agilent enjoys a top-tier position in the anatomical pathology market for tissue-based cancer diagnostics",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] their consumption skews to the higher end of the price spectrum [Relation] cause [Effect] more social currency accrues to the typical individual",
    "input": "In our view, more social currency accrues to the typical individual as their consumption skews to the higher end of the price spectrum.",
    "output": "[Cause] their consumption skews to the higher end of the price spectrum [Relation] cause [Effect] more social currency accrues to the typical individual",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  lower growth in operating expenses  | coupled with revenue growth, will create operating leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] The operating margin is likely to expand in 2024 and 2025 to nearly 39%",
    "input": "The operating margin is likely to expand in 2024 and 2025 to nearly 39%, as lower growth in operating expenses (driven by more automation of content, data, and user monitoring), coupled with revenue growth, will create operating leverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] lower growth in operating expenses (driven by more automation of content, data, and user monitoring), coupled with revenue growth [Relation] cause [Effect] The operating margin is likely to expand in 2024 and 2025 to nearly 39%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the firm is in a crowded space with competition from both larger and smaller companies [Relation] cause [Effect] Our uncertainty rating for Grubhub is very high",
    "input": "Our uncertainty rating for Grubhub is very high, as the firm is in a crowded space with competition from both larger and smaller companies.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm is in a crowded space with competition from both larger and smaller companies [Relation] cause [Effect] Our uncertainty rating for Grubhub is very high",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  fashions and trends cycle [Relation] cause [Effect]  a disproportionate impact on EA's cash flow",
    "input": "Consumers have limited discretionary dollars to spend, and as fashions and trends cycle, there could be a disproportionate impact on EA's cash flow.",
    "output": "[Cause] fashions and trends cycle [Relation] cause [Effect] a disproportionate impact on EA's cash flow",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consumer confidence [Relation] enable [Effect] performance of the domestic home improvement market (which we believe will grow 3% on average over the medium term)",
    "input": "Additionally, Williams-Sonoma's fundamental demand is tied somewhat to the performance of the domestic home improvement market (which we believe will grow 3% on average over the medium term) and consumer confidence, which can to fluctuate over an economic cycle, driving volatility in sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumer confidence [Relation] enable [Effect] driving volatility in sales",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Although customers outline the specific flavor and fragrance profiles they are looking to achieve, the resulting intellectual property developed by International Flavors &amp; Fragrances stays with the company [Relation] cause [Effect]  establishes valuable intangible assets that allow IFF to generate economic profit over the life cycle of the products in which the proprietary formulations are used",
    "input": "Although customers outline the specific flavor and fragrance profiles they are looking to achieve, the resulting intellectual property developed by International Flavors &amp; Fragrances stays with the company. This establishes valuable intangible assets that allow IFF to generate economic profit over the life cycle of the products in which the proprietary formulations are used.",
    "output": "[Cause] Although customers outline the specific flavor and fragrance profiles they are looking to achieve, the resulting intellectual property developed by International Flavors &amp; Fragrances stays with the company [Relation] enable [Effect] establishes valuable intangible assets that allow IFF to generate economic profit over the life cycle of the products in which the proprietary formulations are used",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the off-price sector has performed well in such situations historically [Relation] enable [Effect] Burlington to exit the crisis in better shape than full-price retailers",
    "input": "Although the present environment poses unique challenges, the off-price sector has performed well in such situations historically (Ross and TJX saw low- to mid-single-digit percentage comparable growth in 2008-09), and we expect Burlington to exit the crisis in better shape than full-price retailers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the present environment [Relation] cause [Effect] unique challenges",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its already strong presence within rapidly growing emerging markets [Relation] enable [Effect] the company's global reach will continue to resonate",
    "input": "We also think the company's global reach will continue to resonate, and its already strong presence within rapidly growing emerging markets to expand further.",
    "output": "[Cause] We also think the company's global reach will continue to resonate [Relation] cause [Effect] its already strong presence within rapidly growing emerging markets to expand further",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  restaurants and retailers across the globe offer the new meat-like products [Relation] cause [Effect]  penetration into the meat category to be robust the next several years",
    "input": "In 2019, PBMs represented 2.5% of the global ground meat market, and we expect penetration into the meat category to be robust the next several years, as restaurants and retailers across the globe offer the new meat-like products.",
    "output": "[Cause] restaurants and retailers across the globe offer the new meat-like products [Relation] enable [Effect] penetration into the meat category to be robust the next several years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] raise prices across its mix at mid- to high-single-digit rates beginning in late June [Relation] cause [Effect] offset hefty raw material inflation",
    "input": "And, in an effort to offset hefty raw material inflation (which management now pegs at $900 million to $1.1 billion in fiscal 2021, up from $450 million to $600 million prior), Kimberly plans to raise prices across its mix at mid- to high-single-digit rates beginning in late June.",
    "output": "[Cause] in an effort to offset hefty raw material inflation [Relation] cause [Effect] Kimberly plans to raise prices across its mix at mid- to high-single-digit rates beginning in late June",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Slack offers a freemium model and caters to companies of all sizes [Relation] enable [Effect]  revenue is concentrated among the largest customers",
    "input": "Slack offers a freemium model and caters to companies of all sizes, which means revenue is concentrated among the largest customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Slack offers a freemium model and caters to companies of all sizes [Relation] enable [Effect] revenue is concentrated among the largest customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] by increasing its market penetration with an ever-expanding catalog. [Relation] enable [Effect] LKQ quickly grew its operations through more than 280 acquisitions",
    "input": "Beginning in 1998 as a roll-up of auto salvage companies in the fragmented North American market, LKQ quickly grew its operations through more than 280 acquisitions and by increasing its market penetration with an ever-expanding catalog.",
    "output": "[Cause] a roll-up of auto salvage companies in the fragmented North American market [Relation] cause [Effect] LKQ quickly grew its operations through more than 280 acquisitions and by increasing its market penetration with an ever-expanding catalog",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] gross margin expansion [Relation] enable [Effect] the greatest margin improvement",
    "input": "Still, we think the greatest margin improvement will come from gross margin expansion as the company grows out of relatively new discounted subscription contracts and also depends proportionally less on its low-margin services business.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company grows out of relatively new discounted subscription contracts and also depends proportionally less on its low-margin services business [Relation] cause [Effect] the greatest margin improvement",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it is still a necessity [Relation] cause [Effect] Baidu has a dominant market share of over 70% in search",
    "input": "This is particularly true in searching for general information, because it is still a necessity, and Baidu has a dominant market share of over 70% in search.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is still a necessity, and Baidu has a dominant market share of over 70% in search [Relation] cause [Effect] This is particularly true in searching for general information",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] deliveries reaching roughly 2019 levels in 2024 and substantial negative operating leverage in the near-term",
    "input": "We're projecting deliveries reaching roughly 2019 levels in 2024 and substantial negative operating leverage in the near-term due to the COVID-19 pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] deliveries reaching roughly 2019 levels in 2024 and substantial negative operating leverage in the near-term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] concentrating purchases [Relation] enable [Effect] Five Below becomes more valuable to its vendors",
    "input": "By concentrating purchases, Five Below becomes more valuable to its vendors while ensuring the volume needed to hold per-item shipping and logistics costs down, creating further fuel to feed the chain's value-oriented message.",
    "output": "[Cause] concentrating purchases [Relation] cause [Effect] Five Below becomes more valuable to its vendors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] concentrating purchases [Relation] enable [Effect] ensuring the volume needed to hold per-item shipping and logistics costs down",
    "input": "By concentrating purchases, Five Below becomes more valuable to its vendors while ensuring the volume needed to hold per-item shipping and logistics costs down, creating further fuel to feed the chain's value-oriented message.",
    "output": "[Cause] Five Below becomes more valuable to its vendors [Relation] enable [Effect] the volume needed to hold per-item shipping and logistics costs down",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] concentrating purchases [Relation] enable [Effect] creating further fuel to feed the chain's value-oriented message",
    "input": "By concentrating purchases, Five Below becomes more valuable to its vendors while ensuring the volume needed to hold per-item shipping and logistics costs down, creating further fuel to feed the chain's value-oriented message.",
    "output": "[Cause] Five Below becomes more valuable to its vendors [Relation] enable [Effect] ensuring the volume needed to hold per-item shipping and logistics costs down",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the increasing competitiveness and lower margins [Relation] cause [Effect] the other integrated-services companies years ago de-emphasized",
    "input": "In directional drilling, for example, National Oilwell has focused on downhole drilling motors, which the other integrated-services companies years ago de-emphasized owing to the increasing competitiveness and lower margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] the increasing competitiveness and lower margins [Relation] cause [Effect] National Oilwell has focused on downhole drilling motors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This dynamic tends to keep spinal surgeons loyal to Medtronic's products [Relation] enable [Effect] the company does not fall too far behind its competitors when it comes to introducing new technology",
    "input": "This dynamic tends to keep spinal surgeons loyal to Medtronic's products, as long as the company does not fall too far behind its competitors when it comes to introducing new technology.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company does not fall too far behind its competitors when it comes to introducing new technology [Relation] enable [Effect] This dynamic tends to keep spinal surgeons loyal to Medtronic's products",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it has the greatest volume [Relation] cause [Effect] Hanes owns factories in Latin America and the Caribbean and can produce basic apparel at least as efficiently as others",
    "input": "Hanes owns factories in Latin America and the Caribbean and can produce basic apparel at least as efficiently as others because it has the greatest volume.",
    "output": "[Cause] it has the greatest volume [Relation] cause [Effect] Hanes owns factories in Latin America and the Caribbean and can produce basic apparel at least as efficiently as others",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Caterpillar focuses on providing the lowest total cost of ownership [Relation] cause [Effect]  the robust service Caterpillar can offer its customers is a source of competitive strength",
    "input": "Caterpillar focuses on providing the lowest total cost of ownership, so the robust service Caterpillar can offer its customers is a source of competitive strength.",
    "output": "[Cause] Caterpillar focuses on providing the lowest total cost of ownership [Relation] cause [Effect] the robust service Caterpillar can offer its customers is a source of competitive strength",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the prohibitive shipping costs numerous products entail [Relation] cause [Effect] they would be limited to operating in few and particular categories",
    "input": "While we think new competitors could enter through the e-commerce channel, in our opinion they would be limited to operating in few and particular categories because of the prohibitive shipping costs numerous products entail.",
    "output": "[Cause] the prohibitive shipping costs numerous products entail [Relation] cause [Effect] they would be limited to operating in few and particular categories",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] virgin fiber manufacturers to live with tighter margins [Relation] enable [Effect] remain cost-competitive with recycled manufacturers",
    "input": "With the majority of its linerboard and medium constructed from virgin fiber, WestRock faces the risk that softwood chip prices could increase substantially, forcing virgin fiber manufacturers to live with tighter margins to remain cost-competitive with recycled manufacturers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the majority of its linerboard and medium constructed from virgin fiber [Relation] cause [Effect] WestRock faces the risk that softwood chip prices could increase substantially",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Even if they were to enter the market, they would have to disrupt sticky business relationships that Balchem enjoys due to its reputation as a reliable supplier [Relation] cause [Effect] The registration process serves as a barrier to entry for would-be competitors",
    "input": "The registration process serves as a barrier to entry for would-be competitors: Even if they were to enter the market, they would have to disrupt sticky business relationships that Balchem enjoys due to its reputation as a reliable supplier.",
    "output": "[Cause] its reputation as a reliable supplier [Relation] cause [Effect] they would have to disrupt sticky business relationships that Balchem enjoys",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  beyond that [Relation] enable [Effect] Qiagen's results return to more normalized levels",
    "input": "While we continue to expect strong growth through 2021 due to the ongoing COVID-19 crisis, we also assume Qiagen's results return to more normalized levels beyond that.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ongoing COVID-19 crisis [Relation] cause [Effect] strong growth through 2021",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] an extensive store and warehouse network [Relation] enable [Effect] creating a last-mile delivery expectation",
    "input": "Repair shops often require delivery of purchased components within less than an hour of placing an order, creating a last-mile delivery expectation that is difficult to meet without an extensive store and warehouse network.",
    "output": "[Cause] Repair shops often require delivery of purchased components within less than an hour of placing an order [Relation] enable [Effect] a last-mile delivery expectation that is difficult to meet without an extensive store and warehouse network",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] SolidWorks being considered the industry standard for many of its solutions, specifically within product manufacturing, universities are convinced to continue teaching the software in its programs [Relation] cause [Effect] firms to continue using this industry standard",
    "input": "With SolidWorks being considered the industry standard for many of its solutions, specifically within product manufacturing, universities are convinced to continue teaching the software in its programs, which drives firms to continue using this industry standard, causing universities to continue to teach the software in their technical curriculums.",
    "output": "[Cause] SolidWorks being considered the industry standard for many of its solutions [Relation] cause [Effect] universities are convinced to continue teaching the software in its programs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] SolidWorks being considered the industry standard for many of its solutions, specifically within product manufacturing, universities are convinced to continue teaching the software in its programs [Relation] cause [Effect] universities to continue to teach the software in their technical curriculums",
    "input": "With SolidWorks being considered the industry standard for many of its solutions, specifically within product manufacturing, universities are convinced to continue teaching the software in its programs, which drives firms to continue using this industry standard, causing universities to continue to teach the software in their technical curriculums.",
    "output": "[Cause] universities are convinced to continue teaching the software in its programs [Relation] enable [Effect] firms to continue using this industry standard",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] material cost savings [Relation] cause [Effect] operating improvements from the merger",
    "input": "BB&T was the larger of the two franchises, and we see material cost savings and therefore operating improvements from the merger.",
    "output": "[Cause] BB&T was the larger of the two franchises [Relation] enable [Effect] material cost savings and therefore operating improvements",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] operations in Egypt and a production-sharing contract with the Egyptian government [Relation] cause [Effect] the company is exposed to geopolitical risk in the Middle East",
    "input": "In addition, with operations in Egypt and a production-sharing contract with the Egyptian government, the company is exposed to geopolitical risk in the Middle East.",
    "output": "[Cause] operations in Egypt and a production-sharing contract with the Egyptian government [Relation] cause [Effect] the company is exposed to geopolitical risk in the Middle East",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its broad domestic manufacturing and distribution network [Relation] cause [Effect] Campbell operates with lower unit and distribution costs",
    "input": "With its broad domestic manufacturing and distribution network, we posit that Campbell operates with lower unit and distribution costs, as well as greater supply chain efficiency and an enhanced ability to leverage brand spending, than smaller peers.",
    "output": "[Cause] its broad domestic manufacturing and distribution network [Relation] enable [Effect] Campbell operates with lower unit and distribution costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its broad domestic manufacturing and distribution network [Relation] cause [Effect] an enhanced ability to leverage brand spending, than smaller peers",
    "input": "With its broad domestic manufacturing and distribution network, we posit that Campbell operates with lower unit and distribution costs, as well as greater supply chain efficiency and an enhanced ability to leverage brand spending, than smaller peers.",
    "output": "[Cause] greater supply chain efficiency [Relation] enable [Effect] leverage brand spending",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] there is no indication that this is a priority for the current administration, and legislative goals are focused elsewhere [Relation] cause [Effect] this remains a remote possibility",
    "input": "However, this remains a remote possibility, as there is no indication that this is a priority for the current administration, and legislative goals are focused elsewhere.",
    "output": "[Cause] there is no indication that this is a priority for the current administration, and legislative goals are focused elsewhere [Relation] cause [Effect] this remains a remote possibility",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] operating improvement should follow over the next several years. [Relation] enable [Effect]  tend to pressure near-term results",
    "input": "Such transitions are not easy and tend to pressure near-term results, but we think the company is about at the trough, and operating improvement should follow over the next several years.",
    "output": "[Cause] Such transitions are not easy [Relation] cause [Effect] pressure near-term results",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] origination volumes normalize [Relation] cause [Effect] the segment will face headwinds",
    "input": "However, ICE's origination technology revenue is likely at a cyclical high, and we expect that as origination volumes normalize, the segment will face headwinds partially offset by the underlying secular growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] ICE's origination technology revenue is likely at a cyclical high [Relation] cause [Effect] the segment will face headwinds partially offset by the underlying secular growth",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] silences overexpressed genes [Relation] prevent [Effect] protein misfolding and/or protein accumulation",
    "input": "Alnylam Pharmaceuticals is a pioneer in designing therapeutics based on RNA interference, a mechanism that occurs naturally in cells and silences overexpressed genes, which often cause protein misfolding and/or protein accumulation.",
    "output": "[Cause] RNA interference [Relation] cause [Effect] Alnylam Pharmaceuticals is a pioneer in designing therapeutics",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Lazard deriving half of its revenue from financial advisory and half from asset management [Relation] cause [Effect]  the company's revenue and earnings can be cyclical",
    "input": "With Lazard deriving half of its revenue from financial advisory and half from asset management, the company's revenue and earnings can be cyclical.",
    "output": "[Cause] Lazard deriving half of its revenue from financial advisory and half from asset management [Relation] cause [Effect] the company's revenue and earnings can be cyclical",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] expansion in GAAP operating margin from negative 31% in fiscal 2021 to negative 9% in fiscal 2026 [Relation] enable [Effect] Coupa should benefit from operating leverage",
    "input": "Coupa should benefit from operating leverage, and we expect expansion in GAAP operating margin from negative 31% in fiscal 2021 to negative 9% in fiscal 2026.",
    "output": "[Cause] Coupa should benefit from operating leverage [Relation] enable [Effect] expansion in GAAP operating margin from negative 31% in fiscal 2021 to negative 9% in fiscal 2026",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  most companies will not adopt all of the applications Paylocity offers [Relation] cause [Effect]  a more realistic estimate of Paylocity's current TAM is $12 billion",
    "input": "We think a more realistic estimate of Paylocity's current TAM is $12 billion, as most companies will not adopt all of the applications Paylocity offers.",
    "output": "[Cause] most companies will not adopt all of the applications Paylocity offers [Relation] cause [Effect] a more realistic estimate of Paylocity's current TAM is $12 billion",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Enbridge's broad network of midstream assets and geographic diversification will serve it well in the low oil and gas price environment, and crude and natural gas pipeline expansions in growing regions [Relation] enable [Effect] fuel EBITDA growth",
    "input": "We believe that Enbridge's broad network of midstream assets and geographic diversification will serve it well in the low oil and gas price environment, and crude and natural gas pipeline expansions in growing regions will fuel EBITDA growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] Enbridge's broad network of midstream assets and geographic diversification [Relation] enable [Effect] serve it well in the low oil and gas price environment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The location of a horizontal shale well [Relation] cause [Effect] determining its eventual productivity and also influences the oil content of its production stream",
    "input": "The location of a horizontal shale well plays a huge part in determining its eventual productivity and also influences the oil content of its production stream.",
    "output": "[Cause] The location of a horizontal shale well [Relation] enable [Effect] determining its eventual productivity and also influences the oil content of its production stream",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm's platforms match individuals seeking relationships with other individuals [Relation] cause [Effect] they require individuals to submit a lot of personal information",
    "input": "As the firm's platforms match individuals seeking relationships with other individuals, they require individuals to submit a lot of personal information.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm's platforms match individuals seeking relationships with other individuals [Relation] cause [Effect] they require individuals to submit a lot of personal information",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Eaton's products mostly compete in the differentiated portions of its end markets [Relation] enable [Effect]  reduces the risk of commoditization",
    "input": "Eaton's products mostly compete in the differentiated portions of its end markets, which we think reduces the risk of commoditization.",
    "output": "[Cause] Eaton's products mostly compete in the differentiated portions of its end markets [Relation] enable [Effect] reduces the risk of commoditization",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  this deal will cover network that contributes to around 80% of 5G network expenditure [Relation] cause [Effect] this could be quite significant although savings will reduce as more traffic is put on the network as capacity related capital expenditures savings will be much smaller than coverage related savings",
    "input": "Given this deal will cover network that contributes to around 80% of 5G network expenditure, this could be quite significant although savings will reduce as more traffic is put on the network as capacity related capital expenditures savings will be much smaller than coverage related savings.",
    "output": "[Cause] this deal will cover network that contributes to around 80% of 5G network expenditure [Relation] cause [Effect] this could be quite significant although savings will reduce as more traffic is put on the network as capacity related capital expenditures savings will be much smaller than coverage related savings",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Eversource's partnership with global offshore wind developer Orsted [Relation] cause [Effect] more than $2 billion of investment during the next five years",
    "input": "Eversource's partnership with global offshore wind developer Orsted could result in more than $2 billion of investment during the next five years.",
    "output": "[Cause] Eversource's partnership with global offshore wind developer Orsted [Relation] cause [Effect] more than $2 billion of investment during the next five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Group 1 to benefit from extra service work for recalled vehicles paid for by the automaker [Relation] cause [Effect] mass recalls could actually be a net positive for a dealer",
    "input": "In that scenario, we'd expect Group 1 to benefit from extra service work for recalled vehicles paid for by the automaker, thus mass recalls could actually be a net positive for a dealer.",
    "output": "[Cause] Group 1 to benefit from extra service work for recalled vehicles paid for by the automaker [Relation] cause [Effect] mass recalls could actually be a net positive for a dealer",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company manufactures undifferentiated long-rolled products [Relation] cause [Effect] This is especially true for CMC",
    "input": "This is especially true for CMC, given that the company manufactures undifferentiated long-rolled products that require little to no value-added processing.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company manufactures undifferentiated long-rolled products [Relation] cause [Effect] require little to no value-added processing",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] operations normalize and the firm wrings out some efficiencies [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins to rebound and rise toward the midteens by 2025",
    "input": "Beyond that, though, we expect operating margins to rebound and rise toward the midteens by 2025 as operations normalize and the firm wrings out some efficiencies.",
    "output": "[Cause] operations normalize and the firm wrings out some efficiencies [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins to rebound and rise toward the midteens by 2025",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] direct competition is likely to increase to meet this rising demand [Relation] prevent [Effect] Bio-Rad may not benefit",
    "input": "While an increased focus on diagnostics due to the coronavirus pandemic could be a tailwind, direct competition is likely to increase to meet this rising demand, and Bio-Rad may not benefit meaningfully from this trend despite a growing market.",
    "output": "[Cause] an increased focus on diagnostics [Relation] cause [Effect] meet this rising demand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] he risk of wide-body aircraft order cancellations, early retirements and reduced flight hours [Relation] prevent [Effect] the in-service fleet size and aftermarket margins.",
    "input": "In addition, the risk of wide-body aircraft order cancellations, early retirements and reduced flight hours negatively affect the in-service fleet size and aftermarket margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] the risk of wide-body aircraft order cancellations [Relation] cause [Effect] early retirements and reduced flight hours negatively affect the in-service fleet size and aftermarket margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] retailer bankruptcies [Relation] cause [Effect] a significant drop in occupancy",
    "input": "While Simon's revenue is somewhat protected by long-term leases, we see retailer bankruptcies causing a significant drop in occupancy and Simon being forced to offer rent concessions to keep others afloat.",
    "output": "[Cause] long-term leases [Relation] prevent [Effect] revenue",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Simon being forced to offer rent concessions [Relation] enable [Effect]  keep others afloat",
    "input": "While Simon's revenue is somewhat protected by long-term leases, we see retailer bankruptcies causing a significant drop in occupancy and Simon being forced to offer rent concessions to keep others afloat.",
    "output": "[Cause] retailer bankruptcies [Relation] cause [Effect] a significant drop in occupancy",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  limit ARPU growth to less than 1% annually during that span [Relation] enable [Effect] more aggressive competition",
    "input": "We project Telus to grow its mobile phone subscriber base by about 2% annually, but we think more aggressive competition will limit ARPU growth to less than 1% annually during that span.",
    "output": "[Cause] more aggressive competition [Relation] prevent [Effect] ARPU growth to less than 1% annually during that span",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the risks associated with its drug portfolio [Relation] cause [Effect] the company deserves a high uncertainty rating",
    "input": "We think the company deserves a high uncertainty rating due to the risks associated with its drug portfolio, which has three approved drugs, Adcetris, Padcev, and Tukysa.",
    "output": "[Cause] the risks associated with its drug portfolio [Relation] cause [Effect] the company deserves a high uncertainty rating",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] equipment leases are often bundled with supplies and servicing [Relation] cause [Effect] it is relatively hassle-free for enterprises to change equipment providers",
    "input": "We believe that it is relatively hassle-free for enterprises to change equipment providers because equipment leases are often bundled with supplies and servicing.",
    "output": "[Cause] equipment leases are often bundled with supplies and servicing [Relation] cause [Effect] it is relatively hassle-free for enterprises to change equipment providers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] geopolitical tensions [Relation] enable [Effect] more difficult for semiconductor mergers to receive worldwide",
    "input": "Although we're not concerned with anti-trust issues as the analog industry is fragmented, geopolitical tensions may make it more difficult for semiconductor mergers to receive worldwide approval.",
    "output": "[Cause] the analog industry is fragmented [Relation] cause [Effect] we're not concerned with anti-trust issues",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the constrained driver pool [Relation] cause [Effect]  the broader trucking industry will continue to face periodic growth constraints",
    "input": "This is because shippers desire efficient access to the small carrier base throughout the cycle and the broader trucking industry will continue to face periodic growth constraints due to the constrained driver pool.",
    "output": "[Cause] the constrained driver pool [Relation] cause [Effect] the broader trucking industry will continue to face periodic growth constraints",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Bancorp is not large enough to be considered a global systemically important bank [Relation] cause [Effect] avoids some of the more onerous regulatory capital requirements",
    "input": "Bancorp is not large enough to be considered a global systemically important bank and therefore avoids some of the more onerous regulatory capital requirements.",
    "output": "[Cause] Bancorp is not large enough to be considered a global systemically important bank [Relation] cause [Effect] avoids some of the more onerous regulatory capital requirements",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a strong relationship with a dispensary worker [Relation] cause [Effect] provide an advantage",
    "input": "Second, although a strong relationship with a dispensary worker could provide an advantage, we think they would be loyal to whoever last paid them, requiring significant marketing expense to maintain the relationship and eroding economic profit.",
    "output": "[Cause] a strong relationship with a dispensary worker [Relation] enable [Effect] provide an advantage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] they would be loyal to whoever last paid them [Relation] cause [Effect] eroding economic profit",
    "input": "Second, although a strong relationship with a dispensary worker could provide an advantage, we think they would be loyal to whoever last paid them, requiring significant marketing expense to maintain the relationship and eroding economic profit.",
    "output": "[Cause] a strong relationship with a dispensary worker [Relation] enable [Effect] provide an advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] management furthers lean improvements [Relation] cause [Effect] Both IP and ITT's connect and control technologies segment, or CCT, should increasingly create shareholder value",
    "input": "Both IP and ITT's connect and control technologies segment, or CCT, should increasingly create shareholder value as management furthers lean improvements.",
    "output": "[Cause] management furthers lean improvements [Relation] cause [Effect] Both IP and ITT's connect and control technologies segment, or CCT, should increasingly create shareholder value",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] competition erodes the profitability of less differentiated label and graphic products [Relation] enable [Effect] margins to come under pressure in the long run, falling gradually toward 12%",
    "input": "In Avery's LGM business, we expect margins to come under pressure in the long run, falling gradually toward 12% as competition erodes the profitability of less differentiated label and graphic products.",
    "output": "[Cause] competition erodes the profitability of less differentiated label and graphic products [Relation] cause [Effect] margins to come under pressure in the long run, falling gradually toward 12%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Exposure to Latin America, Asia, and the Middle East [Relation] enable [Effect] Sealed Air's food care segment to grow roughly 4%-5% in the long run",
    "input": "Exposure to Latin America, Asia, and the Middle East positions Sealed Air's food care segment to grow roughly 4%-5% in the long run.",
    "output": "[Cause] Exposure to Latin America, Asia, and the Middle East [Relation] enable [Effect] Sealed Air's food care segment to grow roughly 4%-5% in the long run",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] these stores are conveniently located near end consumers [Relation] cause [Effect] Most online grocery shopping still comes from a neighborhood grocery store",
    "input": "Most online grocery shopping still comes from a neighborhood grocery store, since these stores are conveniently located near end consumers.",
    "output": "[Cause] these stores are conveniently located near end consumers [Relation] cause [Effect] Most online grocery shopping still comes from a neighborhood grocery store",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] oil prices crashing [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm doesn't have much near-term cash flow potential from any of its product streams",
    "input": "With oil prices crashing, the firm doesn't have much near-term cash flow potential from any of its product streams, which resulted in a major sell-off.",
    "output": "[Cause] oil prices crashing [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm doesn't have much near-term cash flow potential from any of its product streams",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm doesn't have much near-term cash flow potential from any of its product streams [Relation] cause [Effect] a major sell-off",
    "input": "With oil prices crashing, the firm doesn't have much near-term cash flow potential from any of its product streams, which resulted in a major sell-off.",
    "output": "[Cause] oil prices crashing [Relation] cause [Effect] a major sell-off",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Risks surrounding additional waves of coronavirus cases and elongated time until an effective treatment and vaccine are widely distributed globally remain [Relation] cause [Effect] delay our forecast recovery in demand",
    "input": "Risks surrounding additional waves of coronavirus cases and elongated time until an effective treatment and vaccine are widely distributed globally remain, which could delay our forecast recovery in demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] Risks surrounding additional waves of coronavirus cases and elongated time until an effective treatment and vaccine are widely distributed globally remain [Relation] cause [Effect] delay our forecast recovery in demand",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a newly merged company may deprioritize some early-stage work or freeze trials while weighing integration strategy [Relation] cause [Effect] biopharma consolidation could result in periods of disruption",
    "input": "Additionally, biopharma consolidation could result in periods of disruption as a newly merged company may deprioritize some early-stage work or freeze trials while weighing integration strategy.",
    "output": "[Cause] a newly merged company may deprioritize some early-stage work or freeze trials while weighing integration strategy [Relation] cause [Effect] biopharma consolidation could result in periods of disruption",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Moaty operators in our coverage tend to generate superior returns on invested capital, boast comparable sales outperformance relative to peers, and frequently generate compelling store-level economics [Relation] cause [Effect] heightened franchisee interest and unit growth",
    "input": "Moaty operators in our coverage tend to generate superior returns on invested capital, boast comparable sales outperformance relative to peers, and frequently generate compelling store-level economics, resulting in heightened franchisee interest and unit growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] Moaty operators in our coverage tend to generate superior returns on invested capital, boast comparable sales outperformance relative to peers, and frequently generate compelling store-level economics [Relation] cause [Effect] heightened franchisee interest and unit growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] improvements in the international segments [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins to increase from 2021's 17.4% to 19%",
    "input": "In the next 10 years, we expect operating margins to increase from 2021's 17.4% to 19%, driven primarily by improvements in the international segments.",
    "output": "[Cause] improvements in the international segments [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins to increase from 2021's 17.4% to 19%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Air travel customers are generally price-sensitive [Relation] cause [Effect] carbon taxes or other regulations that force consumers to pay for the carbon side effects of travel would likely reduce aircraft demand",
    "input": "Air travel customers are generally price-sensitive, so carbon taxes or other regulations that force consumers to pay for the carbon side effects of travel would likely reduce aircraft demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] Air travel customers are generally price-sensitive [Relation] cause [Effect] carbon taxes or other regulations that force consumers to pay for the carbon side effects of travel would likely reduce aircraft demand",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the accuracy and completeness of data is critical to credit decision-making [Relation] cause [Effect] lenders often pull from more than one credit bureau",
    "input": "Because the accuracy and completeness of data is critical to credit decision-making, lenders often pull from more than one credit bureau, and we do not believe pricing is the primary factor for choosing a credit bureau.",
    "output": "[Cause] the accuracy and completeness of data is critical to credit decision-making [Relation] cause [Effect] lenders often pull from more than one credit bureau",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the coronavirus crisis [Relation] cause [Effect] a 30% drop in its revenue in 2020 and a huge operating loss",
    "input": "We forecast that the coronavirus crisis will cause a 30% drop in its revenue in 2020 and a huge operating loss.",
    "output": "[Cause] the coronavirus crisis [Relation] cause [Effect] a 30% drop in its revenue in 2020 and a huge operating loss",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  higher real estate rents and taxes, we project adjusted EBITDA margin to rise about 600 basis points between 2020 and 2030, to about 60% [Relation] cause [Effect] We think CoreSite's smaller footprint gives it greater opportunity for operating leverage, and, after a dip in the near term",
    "input": "We think CoreSite's smaller footprint gives it greater opportunity for operating leverage, and, after a dip in the near term due to higher real estate rents and taxes, we project adjusted EBITDA margin to rise about 600 basis points between 2020 and 2030, to about 60%.",
    "output": "[Cause] CoreSite's smaller footprint [Relation] enable [Effect] greater opportunity for operating leverage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Cigna rolled in its own PBM activities from UnitedHealth's Optum division into the legacy Express Scripts operations in 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect] has largely replaced the lost Anthem volume",
    "input": "Positively, Cigna rolled in its own PBM activities from UnitedHealth's Optum division into the legacy Express Scripts operations in 2020, which has largely replaced the lost Anthem volume.",
    "output": "[Cause] Cigna rolled in its own PBM activities from UnitedHealth's Optum division into the legacy Express Scripts operations in 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] has largely replaced the lost Anthem volume",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its patent portfolio [Relation] cause [Effect] the company was protected",
    "input": "As such, during the early 1990s, the company was protected on the basis of its patent portfolio, which shielded the company from direct competition in cellulose-reinforced fibre cement products.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company was protected on the basis of its patent portfolio [Relation] cause [Effect] shielded the company from direct competition in cellulose-reinforced fibre cement products",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] output per employee nearly tripling since 1990 [Relation] cause [Effect] bringing antiquated capacity on line comes with substantially higher cash costs",
    "input": "With output per employee nearly tripling since 1990, bringing antiquated capacity on line comes with substantially higher cash costs, which in turn drives significant price appreciation.",
    "output": "[Cause] output per employee nearly tripling since 1990 [Relation] cause [Effect] bringing antiquated capacity on line comes with substantially higher cash costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the combination [Relation] enable [Effect] a broader portfolio of complementary products and solutions",
    "input": "Before the merger, both businesses have done a solid job refreshing their product portfolios, and we believe that the combination will result in a broader portfolio of complementary products and solutions that will solidify Ingersoll-Rand's competitive position.",
    "output": "[Cause] the combination [Relation] cause [Effect] a broader portfolio of complementary products and solutions",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the combination [Relation] enable [Effect] solidify Ingersoll-Rand's competitive position",
    "input": "Before the merger, both businesses have done a solid job refreshing their product portfolios, and we believe that the combination will result in a broader portfolio of complementary products and solutions that will solidify Ingersoll-Rand's competitive position.",
    "output": "[Cause] the combination [Relation] cause [Effect] a broader portfolio of complementary products and solutions",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it takes time to gather reviews after you have constructed the metasearch platform [Relation] cause [Effect] The barrier is higher relative to metasearch",
    "input": "The barrier is higher relative to metasearch in that it takes time to gather reviews after you have constructed the metasearch platform.",
    "output": "[Cause] it takes time to gather reviews after you have constructed the metasearch platform [Relation] cause [Effect] The barrier is higher relative to metasearch",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] synergies, strong pricing, and cost actions [Relation] cause [Effect] similar levels of profitability in EMEA and APAC",
    "input": "Linde's operating margin is in the mid-20s in the Americas, and we think that synergies, strong pricing, and cost actions will lead to similar levels of profitability in EMEA and APAC.",
    "output": "[Cause] synergies, strong pricing, and cost actions [Relation] cause [Effect] similar levels of profitability in EMEA and APAC",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the shift away from content has brought Reuters' ROICs higher [Relation] cause [Effect] the valuation story becomes one of growth",
    "input": "While the shift away from content has brought Reuters' ROICs higher, to a midcycle range of roughly 17% (adjusted), the valuation story becomes one of growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] the shift away from content [Relation] enable [Effect] Reuters' ROICs higher",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its R&D expenditure of around 2% of sales in 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect]  it is spending less on customer acquisition than its competitors",
    "input": "Reckitt does not disclose its marketing costs, but we estimate it at around 14% of sales, and its R&D expenditure of around 2% of sales in 2020 implies that it is spending less on customer acquisition than its competitors.",
    "output": "[Cause] Reckitt does not disclose its marketing costs [Relation] cause [Effect] it at around 14% of sales, and its R&D expenditure of around 2% of sales in 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it represents a low-single-digit percentage of cost of goods sold [Relation] cause [Effect] the risk of a water shortage would have limited financial impact for Heineken",
    "input": "Finally, the risk of a water shortage would have limited financial impact for Heineken, as we estimate it represents a low-single-digit percentage of cost of goods sold.",
    "output": "[Cause] it represents a low-single-digit percentage of cost of goods sold [Relation] cause [Effect] the risk of a water shortage would have limited financial impact for Heineken",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the steep barrier to entry [Relation] prevent [Effect] Would-be entrants",
    "input": "Would-be entrants are fended off by the steep barrier to entry formed by the need to obtain contiguous rights of way on which to lay continuously welded steel rail spanning a significant portion of North America.",
    "output": "[Cause] the need to obtain contiguous rights of way [Relation] cause [Effect] lay continuously welded steel rail spanning a significant portion of North America",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the need to obtain contiguous rights of way on which to lay continuously welded steel rail spanning a significant portion of North America [Relation] prevent [Effect] Would-be entrants",
    "input": "Would-be entrants are fended off by the steep barrier to entry formed by the need to obtain contiguous rights of way on which to lay continuously welded steel rail spanning a significant portion of North America.",
    "output": "[Cause] the need to obtain contiguous rights of way [Relation] enable [Effect] lay continuously welded steel rail spanning a significant portion of North America",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the need to obtain contiguous rights of way on which to lay continuously welded steel rail spanning a significant portion of North America [Relation] cause [Effect] the steep barrier to entry",
    "input": "Would-be entrants are fended off by the steep barrier to entry formed by the need to obtain contiguous rights of way on which to lay continuously welded steel rail spanning a significant portion of North America.",
    "output": "[Cause] the steep barrier to entry [Relation] enable [Effect] entrants",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] recovery in the longer term [Relation] cause [Effect] a 5% CAGR in online marketing revenue in the next five years",
    "input": "We expect a 5% CAGR in online marketing revenue in the next five years, driven by recovery in the longer term.",
    "output": "[Cause] recovery in the longer term [Relation] enable [Effect] a 5% CAGR in online marketing revenue in the next five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  recalls or product failure were to become a regular event [Relation] cause [Effect] current surgeons loyal to Smith & Nephew may consider switching to another company's implants and instrumentation",
    "input": "If recalls or product failure were to become a regular event, current surgeons loyal to Smith & Nephew may consider switching to another company's implants and instrumentation.",
    "output": "[Cause] recalls or product failure were to become a regular event [Relation] cause [Effect] current surgeons loyal to Smith & Nephew may consider switching to another company's implants and instrumentation",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] customers are comfortable with a product [Relation] cause [Effect] they are unlikely to change lenses for a minor improvement or small reduction in price",
    "input": "Also, once customers are comfortable with a product, they are unlikely to change lenses for a minor improvement or small reduction in price.",
    "output": "[Cause] customers are comfortable with a product [Relation] cause [Effect] they are unlikely to change lenses for a minor improvement or small reduction in price",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The asset integration [Relation] prevent [Effect] another third party from extracting rents",
    "input": "The asset integration prevents another third party from extracting rents by owning an asset that is part of the route to the most profitable market.",
    "output": "[Cause] The asset integration [Relation] prevent [Effect] another third party from extracting rents",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] owning an asset that is part of the route to the most profitable market [Relation] cause [Effect] The asset integration prevents another third party from extracting rents",
    "input": "The asset integration prevents another third party from extracting rents by owning an asset that is part of the route to the most profitable market.",
    "output": "[Cause] The asset integration [Relation] prevent [Effect] another third party from extracting rents",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  interconnected to many systems across a business [Relation] cause [Effect] requiring much time and money for reintegration",
    "input": "With increasingly complex enterprise IT infrastructures, businesses need to think twice before switching databases, which are interconnected to many systems across a business, thus requiring much time and money for reintegration.",
    "output": "[Cause] increasingly complex enterprise IT infrastructures [Relation] cause [Effect] businesses need to think twice before switching databases",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  requiring much time and money for reintegration [Relation] enable [Effect]  businesses need to think twice before switching databases",
    "input": "With increasingly complex enterprise IT infrastructures, businesses need to think twice before switching databases, which are interconnected to many systems across a business, thus requiring much time and money for reintegration.",
    "output": "[Cause] increasingly complex enterprise IT infrastructures [Relation] cause [Effect] businesses need to think twice before switching databases",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increasingly complex enterprise IT infrastructures [Relation] enable [Effect]  businesses need to think twice before switching databases",
    "input": "With increasingly complex enterprise IT infrastructures, businesses need to think twice before switching databases, which are interconnected to many systems across a business, thus requiring much time and money for reintegration.",
    "output": "[Cause] businesses need to think twice before switching databases [Relation] cause [Effect] requiring much time and money for reintegration",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher cost supply will need to come online from lower quality resources [Relation] cause [Effect] require higher processing costs",
    "input": "To meet demand, higher cost supply will need to come online from lower quality resources that will require higher processing costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] demand [Relation] cause [Effect] require higher processing costs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] business operations normalize following the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] some constraints on its margins going forward",
    "input": "After a very strong 2020, we expect some constraints on its margins going forward, as business operations normalize following the pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] business operations normalize following the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] some constraints on its margins going forward",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Management has aggressively acquired companies to expand its offerings, including the most recent merger with Sirona Dental Systems [Relation] enable [Effect] expand the firm's exposure to higher margin CAD/CAM and imaging technology",
    "input": "Management has aggressively acquired companies to expand its offerings, including the most recent merger with Sirona Dental Systems, a leader in digital dentistry equipment to expand the firm's exposure to higher margin CAD/CAM and imaging technology.",
    "output": "[Cause] Management has aggressively acquired companies [Relation] enable [Effect] expand its offerings",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] enterprises enjoy flexible scalability of their computing and storage resources [Relation] cause [Effect] Hyperconverged infrastructure and software-defined networking are budding IT equipment trends",
    "input": "Hyperconverged infrastructure and software-defined networking are budding IT equipment trends as enterprises enjoy flexible scalability of their computing and storage resources.",
    "output": "[Cause] enterprises enjoy flexible scalability of their computing and storage resources [Relation] cause [Effect] Hyperconverged infrastructure and software-defined networking are budding IT equipment trends",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the software sales process across the enterprise will regularly touch the IT department [Relation] cause [Effect] ServiceNow adopted a stance early on that it would let the internal IT function sell the platform to other areas of the customer",
    "input": "Since the software sales process across the enterprise will regularly touch the IT department, ServiceNow adopted a stance early on that it would let the internal IT function sell the platform to other areas of the customer.",
    "output": "[Cause] the software sales process across the enterprise will regularly touch the IT department [Relation] cause [Effect] ServiceNow adopted a stance early on that it would let the internal IT function sell the platform to other areas of the customer",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the former's agreement with Teck Resources to haul cost-advantaged metallurgical coal for export [Relation] cause [Effect] Coal has historically made up a larger proportion of CP's portfolio than it does for peer CN",
    "input": "Coal has historically made up a larger proportion of CP's portfolio than it does for peer CN due to the former's agreement with Teck Resources to haul cost-advantaged metallurgical coal for export.",
    "output": "[Cause] the former's agreement with Teck Resources to haul cost-advantaged metallurgical coal for export [Relation] cause [Effect] Coal has historically made up a larger proportion of CP's portfolio than it does for peer CN",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] differentiates automakers' vehicles, reduces vehicle weight, improves fuel efficiency, reduces emissions, improves safety, or lowers costs [Relation] enable [Effect] Original equipment manufacturers are willing to pay a premium to vendors for technology",
    "input": "Original equipment manufacturers are willing to pay a premium to vendors for technology that differentiates automakers' vehicles, reduces vehicle weight, improves fuel efficiency, reduces emissions, improves safety, or lowers costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] technology that differentiates automakers' vehicles, reduces vehicle weight, improves fuel efficiency, reduces emissions, or lowers costs [Relation] enable [Effect] Original equipment manufacturers are willing to pay a premium to vendors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] CN carries freight for chemical and energy end-market shippers [Relation] cause [Effect] it is subject to the liabilities associated with hazardous material spills",
    "input": "In terms of environmental, social, and governance risks, because CN carries freight for chemical and energy end-market shippers, it is subject to the liabilities associated with hazardous material spills.",
    "output": "[Cause] CN carries freight for chemical and energy end-market shippers [Relation] cause [Effect] it is subject to the liabilities associated with hazardous material spills",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the potential for label expansion into cardiomyopathy and wild-type ATTR amyloidosis [Relation] cause [Effect]  the company's largest opportunity now is in ATTR amyloidosis, with Onpattro and next-generation vutrisiran",
    "input": "With the potential for label expansion into cardiomyopathy and wild-type ATTR amyloidosis, we believe the company's largest opportunity now is in ATTR amyloidosis, with Onpattro and next-generation vutrisiran.",
    "output": "[Cause] the potential for label expansion into cardiomyopathy and wild-type ATTR amyloidosis [Relation] cause [Effect] the company's largest opportunity now is in ATTR amyloidosis, with Onpattro and next-generation vutrisiran",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] smartphone demand recovers [Relation] cause [Effect] Qorvo's adjusted operating margins will remain in the low 30% range",
    "input": "Longer term, as smartphone demand recovers, we think Qorvo's adjusted operating margins will remain in the low 30% range, in line with management's target for 30% plus adjusted operating margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] smartphone demand recovers [Relation] cause [Effect] Qorvo's adjusted operating margins will remain in the low 30% range",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Norfolk renewed its commitment to pricing discipline and margin gains [Relation] enable [Effect] driving more efficient use of locomotive assets, labor, and fuel",
    "input": "In recent years, Norfolk renewed its commitment to pricing discipline and margin gains, particularly via precision railroading initiatives, which are driving more efficient use of locomotive assets, labor, and fuel.",
    "output": "[Cause] precision railroading initiatives [Relation] enable [Effect] more efficient use of locomotive assets, labor, and fuel",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Truist has only been adding to its strength in insurance with the acquisition of Regions Insurance Group [Relation] cause [Effect] multiple smaller acquisitions in 2020",
    "input": "Truist has only been adding to its strength in insurance with the acquisition of Regions Insurance Group as well as multiple smaller acquisitions in 2020.",
    "output": "[Cause] the acquisition of Regions Insurance Group as well as multiple smaller acquisitions in 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect] Truist has only been adding to its strength in insurance",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its strategic focus and ability to attract blue-chip clients in the best locations [Relation] enable [Effect] SL Green boasts a business model equipped for the long term",
    "input": "Given its strategic focus and ability to attract blue-chip clients in the best locations, SL Green boasts a business model equipped for the long term.",
    "output": "[Cause] its strategic focus and ability to attract blue-chip clients in the best locations [Relation] enable [Effect] SL Green boasts a business model equipped for the long term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  recent IoT acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] We assign Synaptics a high uncertainty rating, lowered from very high",
    "input": "We assign Synaptics a high uncertainty rating, lowered from very high due to recent IoT acquisitions that we think will help the firm diversify its business beyond the smartphone component space.",
    "output": "[Cause] recent IoT acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] We assign Synaptics a high uncertainty rating, lowered from very high",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] competition, the need to keep value high (necessitating reinvestment of savings from cost leverage), and rising wages [Relation] cause [Effect]  limit their potential",
    "input": "Burlington can lift margins, but we believe competition, the need to keep value high (necessitating reinvestment of savings from cost leverage), and rising wages limit their potential.",
    "output": "[Cause] competition, the need to keep value high [Relation] prevent [Effect] Burlington can lift margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the firm could come under increased regulatory oversight if authorities decide to step up the pressure on packaged [Relation] cause [Effect] food companies to curb obesity, particularly on its home turf",
    "input": "In addition, the firm could come under increased regulatory oversight if authorities decide to step up the pressure on packaged food companies to curb obesity, particularly on its home turf.",
    "output": "[Cause] authorities decide to step up the pressure on packaged food companies to curb obesity [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm could come under increased regulatory oversight",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a smaller frequent flier program relative to its size [Relation] cause [Effect] United Airlines came into the crisis with a middling amount of debt relative to peers but structurally lower profit margins",
    "input": "United Airlines came into the crisis with a middling amount of debt relative to peers but structurally lower profit margins due to a smaller frequent flier program relative to its size.",
    "output": "[Cause] a smaller frequent flier program relative to its size [Relation] cause [Effect] United Airlines came into the crisis with a middling amount of debt relative to peers but structurally lower profit margins",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Carrier is more leveraged than its peers [Relation] enable [Effect] have less available capital to reinvest in the business",
    "input": "Carrier is more leveraged than its peers; it may have less available capital to reinvest in the business after servicing its debt obligations.",
    "output": "[Cause] it may have less available capital to reinvest in the business after servicing its debt obligations [Relation] cause [Effect] Carrier is more leveraged than its peers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  \"\"GTA Online\"\" and this stream of free content works with the franchise's well-established single-player experience to help \"\"Grand Theft Auto V\"\" effectively become an annual release [Relation] cause [Effect] release effectively spreads the high development cost of the base game over several years and a larger number of sold copies",
    "input": "We believe that \"\"GTA Online\"\" and this stream of free content works with the franchise's well-established single-player experience to help \"\"Grand Theft Auto V\"\" effectively become an annual release. This virtual annual release effectively spreads the high development cost of the base game over several years and a larger number of sold copies.",
    "output": "[Cause] \"\"GTA Online\"\" and this stream of free content works with the franchise's well-established single-player experience [Relation] enable [Effect] \"\"Grand Theft Auto V\"\" effectively become an annual release",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the time lag associated with renegotiating higher capacity rates to shippers [Relation] cause [Effect]  Expeditors sees gross-margin compression",
    "input": "During periods of tightening supply when air and ocean carriers tend to boost rates, Expeditors sees gross-margin compression (and thus lower net revenue growth), driven by the time lag associated with renegotiating higher capacity rates to shippers.",
    "output": "[Cause] periods of tightening supply when air and ocean carriers tend to boost rates [Relation] cause [Effect] Expeditors sees gross-margin compression (and thus lower net revenue growth)",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] establishing switching costs in its offerings over the years [Relation] enable [Effect] The products segment has built a sizable share of the public safety radio market in the United States",
    "input": "The products segment has built a sizable share of the public safety radio market in the United States through establishing switching costs in its offerings over the years.",
    "output": "[Cause] establishing switching costs in its offerings over the years [Relation] enable [Effect] The products segment has built a sizable share of the public safety radio market in the United States",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Low prices and an unmatched selection have come to define the company in consumer's minds [Relation] cause [Effect] giving rise to intangible assets from branding and technology",
    "input": "Low prices and an unmatched selection have come to define the company in consumer's minds, giving rise to intangible assets from branding and technology (search capabilities and recommendation engine).",
    "output": "[Cause] Low prices and an unmatched selection have come to define the company in consumer's minds [Relation] cause [Effect] intangible assets from branding and technology (search capabilities and recommendation engine)",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] increasing wireless market share, improved pricing, and growing penetration in the cable business [Relation] enable [Effect] growth to return to midsingle digits over the next couple years",
    "input": "We believe the firm's high-quality assets in the country will allow growth to return to midsingle digits over the next couple years on increasing wireless market share, improved pricing, and growing penetration in the cable business.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm's high-quality assets in the country [Relation] enable [Effect] growth to return to midsingle digits over the next couple years on increasing wireless market share, improved pricing, and growing penetration in the cable business",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] for 2021 based on the PRA acquisition [Relation] cause [Effect] we model a blended tax rate of 17%",
    "input": "Headquartered in Ireland, the company benefits from a lower tax rate than its peers, and we model a blended tax rate of 17% for 2021 based on the PRA acquisition.",
    "output": "[Cause] the PRA acquisition [Relation] cause [Effect] a blended tax rate of 17% for 2021",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] aggressive expansion plans from existing and emerging players and daypart expansion from quick-service restaurant chains [Relation] cause [Effect] competition in the global specialty coffee category will become more pronounced in a post-COVID-19 environment",
    "input": "However, we believe competition in the global specialty coffee category will become more pronounced in a post-COVID-19 environment due to aggressive expansion plans from existing and emerging players and daypart expansion from quick-service restaurant chains.",
    "output": "[Cause] aggressive expansion plans from existing and emerging players and daypart expansion from quick-service restaurant chains [Relation] cause [Effect] competition in the global specialty coffee category will become more pronounced in a post-COVID-19 environment",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] being an early mover [Relation] cause [Effect] the company was able to keep acquisition costs under control, giving it a sustainable advantage over peers that rushed in later and overpaid",
    "input": "By being an early mover, the company was able to keep acquisition costs under control, giving it a sustainable advantage over peers that rushed in later and overpaid.",
    "output": "[Cause] being an early mover [Relation] enable [Effect] the company was able to keep acquisition costs under control, giving it a sustainable advantage over peers that rushed in later and overpaid",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the Active Omnichannel SaaS solution [Relation] cause [Effect] propel the company for the next decade",
    "input": "We see the Active Omnichannel SaaS solution as a critically important development that should propel the company for the next decade.",
    "output": "[Cause] the Active Omnichannel SaaS solution [Relation] enable [Effect] propel the company for the next decade",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the entire lighting system and related equipment be tested to comply with code, including switches, sensors, dimmers, and energy management and bypass equipment [Relation] enable [Effect] these emergency lighting solutions must be able to automatically override any control setting and establish the appropriate illumination level in the event of a power failure",
    "input": "In the event of a power loss, these emergency lighting solutions must be able to automatically override any control setting and establish the appropriate illumination level in the event of a power failure. This requires that the entire lighting system and related equipment be tested to comply with code, including switches, sensors, dimmers, and energy management and bypass equipment.",
    "output": "[Cause] In the event of a power loss, these emergency lighting solutions must be able to automatically override any control setting and establish the appropriate illumination level in the event of a power failure [Relation] cause [Effect] the entire lighting system and related equipment be tested to comply with code, including switches, sensors, dimmers, and energy management and bypass equipment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] this makeup brand has significant exposure in specialty-multi [Relation] cause [Effect] Estee's 2016 acquisition of Too Faced makes the firm an even more important partner in this channel",
    "input": "Estee's 2016 acquisition of Too Faced makes the firm an even more important partner in this channel, as this makeup brand has significant exposure in specialty-multi.",
    "output": "[Cause] Estee's 2016 acquisition of Too Faced [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm an even more important partner in this channel",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a rapidly growing customer base, more massive deals, strong retention rates, and customers buying additional security modules over time [Relation] enable [Effect] a five-year revenue CAGR of 36%",
    "input": "We forecast a five-year revenue CAGR of 36% through a rapidly growing customer base, more massive deals, strong retention rates, and customers buying additional security modules over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] a rapidly growing customer base, more massive deals, strong retention rates, and customers buying additional security modules over time [Relation] enable [Effect] a five-year revenue CAGR of 36%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  economic profits can rise by nearly 50% over the next five years [Relation] cause [Effect] we model consolidated midcycle ROIC, including goodwill of nearly 16%, in line with both management's targets and the company's normalized historical experience",
    "input": "We believe economic profits can rise by nearly 50% over the next five years. As such, we model consolidated midcycle ROIC, including goodwill of nearly 16%, in line with both management's targets and the company's normalized historical experience.",
    "output": "[Cause] economic profits can rise by nearly 50% over the next five years [Relation] cause [Effect] we model consolidated midcycle ROIC, including goodwill of nearly 16%, in line with both management's targets and the company's normalized historical experience",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Victoria's Secret (VS) brand failed to adapt to trends [Relation] cause [Effect] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded",
    "input": "Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends that allowed for competition in the intimates space, as the Victoria's Secret (VS) brand failed to adapt to trends.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumer trends [Relation] prevent [Effect] Its previously strong brand intangible asset",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consumer trends [Relation] cause [Effect] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded",
    "input": "Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends that allowed for competition in the intimates space, as the Victoria's Secret (VS) brand failed to adapt to trends.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumer trends [Relation] cause [Effect] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded [Relation] cause [Effect] competition in the intimates space",
    "input": "Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends that allowed for competition in the intimates space, as the Victoria's Secret (VS) brand failed to adapt to trends.",
    "output": "[Cause] the Victoria's Secret (VS) brand failed to adapt to trends [Relation] cause [Effect] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] much of the volatility in helicopter deliveries comes from the volatile market, a large chunk of the volatility in operating earnings comes from the volatility in energy prices [Relation] cause [Effect] we see a prolonged oil downturn as a risk factor for the company",
    "input": "As much of the volatility in helicopter deliveries comes from the volatile market, a large chunk of the volatility in operating earnings comes from the volatility in energy prices, so we see a prolonged oil downturn as a risk factor for the company.",
    "output": "[Cause] much of the volatility in helicopter deliveries comes from the volatile market [Relation] cause [Effect] a large chunk of the volatility in operating earnings comes from the volatility in energy prices",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] such high up-front investments and low returns [Relation] cause [Effect] new players are discouraged from entering the market",
    "input": "With such high up-front investments and low returns, new players are discouraged from entering the market.",
    "output": "[Cause] such high up-front investments and low returns [Relation] cause [Effect] new players are discouraged from entering the market",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it is very difficult to take out an incumbent on a vehicle program [Relation] cause [Effect] Seating is one of the stickiest parts of the supplier sector",
    "input": "Seating is one of the stickiest parts of the supplier sector since it is very difficult to take out an incumbent on a vehicle program, and automakers need suppliers that can consistently deliver high-quality seats in a just-in-time system all over the world.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is very difficult to take out an incumbent on a vehicle program [Relation] cause [Effect] Seating is one of the stickiest parts of the supplier sector",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] automakers need suppliers that can consistently deliver high-quality seats in a just-in-time system all over the world [Relation] cause [Effect] Seating is one of the stickiest parts of the supplier sector",
    "input": "Seating is one of the stickiest parts of the supplier sector since it is very difficult to take out an incumbent on a vehicle program, and automakers need suppliers that can consistently deliver high-quality seats in a just-in-time system all over the world.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is very difficult to take out an incumbent on a vehicle program [Relation] cause [Effect] Seating is one of the stickiest parts of the supplier sector",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Crown is limited in how quickly it can set up small cells [Relation] cause [Effect] an extended period before we think it can fully monetize its fiber",
    "input": "Crown is limited in how quickly it can set up small cells, leaving an extended period before we think it can fully monetize its fiber.",
    "output": "[Cause] an extended period before we think it can fully monetize its fiber [Relation] cause [Effect] Crown is limited in how quickly it can set up small cells",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  more vendors join and add more of their solutions [Relation] cause [Effect] the quantity of data and traffic flowing across Okta's security stack grows",
    "input": "As more vendors join and add more of their solutions, the quantity of data and traffic flowing across Okta's security stack grows.",
    "output": "[Cause] more vendors join and add more of their solutions [Relation] cause [Effect] the quantity of data and traffic flowing across Okta's security stack grows",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company has a significant market share [Relation] cause [Effect]  the entry of a new competitor would likely be unlikely",
    "input": "The company has a significant market share so the entry of a new competitor would likely be unlikely but any significant changes to the economy or market dynamics could pose a risk.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company has a significant market share [Relation] cause [Effect] the entry of a new competitor would likely be unlikely",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The new coal-fired power pricing framework shifts to the \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"base+floating\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\" mechanism [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce volatility in margins for coal-power producers",
    "input": "The new coal-fired power pricing framework shifts to the \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"base+floating\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\" mechanism, which will be likely to reduce volatility in margins for coal-power producers.",
    "output": "[Cause] The new coal-fired power pricing framework shifts to the \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\" [Relation] cause [Eff",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Accenture has stressed its desire to rely less on commoditized outsourcing [Relation] cause [Effect] pose risks to Accenture's familiarity proposition",
    "input": "While Accenture has stressed its desire to rely less on commoditized outsourcing, we think that this could pose risks to Accenture's familiarity proposition, which is that switching costs are derived from having such large client accounts.",
    "output": "[Cause] having such large client accounts [Relation] cause [Effect] we think that this could pose risks to Accenture's familiarity proposition",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Menu diversification [Relation] cause [Effect] adding stock-keeping units and operational risk",
    "input": "Menu diversification is risky, with no guarantee that operators can provide competitively viable products, while adding stock-keeping units and operational risk (as we've seen at Pizza Hut).",
    "output": "[Cause] adding stock-keeping units and operational risk [Relation] cause [Effect] Menu diversification is risky",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it is well aware that the brunt of its switching costs aren't in the loss and transfer of design and model data, but rather the training of its software [Relation] cause [Effect] We think Autodesk has so widely embraced",
    "input": "We think Autodesk has so widely embraced what many companies would avoid because it is well aware that the brunt of its switching costs aren't in the loss and transfer of design and model data, but rather the training of its software (which can take years to master).",
    "output": "[Cause] it is well aware that the brunt of its switching costs aren't in the loss and transfer of design and model data [Relation] cause [Effect] Autodesk has so widely embraced what many companies would avoid",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] FirstEnergy's CEO and four others resigned in the wake of the scandal [Relation] cause [Effect] The shares came under additional pressure in late October 2020",
    "input": "The shares came under additional pressure in late October 2020 after FirstEnergy's CEO and four others resigned in the wake of the scandal.",
    "output": "[Cause] FirstEnergy's CEO and four others resigned in the wake of the scandal [Relation] cause [Effect] The shares came under additional pressure in late October 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the adoption of a series of new products, a larger base of analyzers, sales of ancillary services, and growing strength in consumables and reference labs [Relation] cause [Effect] robust companion animal growth",
    "input": "We anticipate robust companion animal growth will be primarily fed by the adoption of a series of new products, a larger base of analyzers, sales of ancillary services, and growing strength in consumables and reference labs.",
    "output": "[Cause] the adoption of a series of new products, a larger base of analyzers, sales of ancillary services, and growing strength in consumables and reference labs [Relation] enable [Effect] robust companion animal growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a recovery in assets under management, or AUM [Relation] enable [Effect] asset management fees that will benefit",
    "input": "We also expect a strong recovery in Spanish fee income as transactional activity normalises and asset management fees that will benefit from a recovery in assets under management, or AUM.",
    "output": "[Cause] transactional activity normalises and asset management fees [Relation] cause [Effect] a strong recovery in Spanish fee income",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] transactional activity normalises [Relation] enable [Effect] a strong recovery in Spanish fee income",
    "input": "We also expect a strong recovery in Spanish fee income as transactional activity normalises and asset management fees that will benefit from a recovery in assets under management, or AUM.",
    "output": "[Cause] transactional activity normalises and asset management fees [Relation] cause [Effect] a recovery in assets under management, or AUM",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] any competition in its tools business will likely be offset by an increase in high-margin diagnostic software sales [Relation] cause [Effect] We don't foresee any deterioration in Snap-on's return on invested capital",
    "input": "We don't foresee any deterioration in Snap-on's return on invested capital, as any competition in its tools business will likely be offset by an increase in high-margin diagnostic software sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] an increase in high-margin diagnostic software sales [Relation] prevent [Effect] any competition in its tools business",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] TI and its chipmaking peers tend to profit from these high switching costs by having lower ongoing R&amp;D [Relation] enable [Effect] capital expenditure investments than digital chipmakers",
    "input": "TI and its chipmaking peers tend to profit from these high switching costs by having lower ongoing R&amp;D and capital expenditure investments than digital chipmakers, which helps to contribute to healthy returns on capital for shareholders.",
    "output": "[Cause] TI and its chipmaking peers tend to profit from these high switching costs [Relation] cause [Effect] contribute to healthy returns on capital for shareholders",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] capital expenditure investments than digital chipmakers [Relation] enable [Effect] helps to contribute to healthy returns on capital for shareholders.",
    "input": "TI and its chipmaking peers tend to profit from these high switching costs by having lower ongoing R&amp;D and capital expenditure investments than digital chipmakers, which helps to contribute to healthy returns on capital for shareholders.",
    "output": "[Cause] TI and its chipmaking peers tend to profit from these high switching costs [Relation] enable [Effect] contribute to healthy returns on capital for shareholders",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] WPP's efficiencies in talent management (either per account or per project) will offset growth in compensation and slightly lower long-term margins on digital ads [Relation] cause [Effect] have not modeled significant changes in our 10-year average gross margins",
    "input": "We have not modeled significant changes in our 10-year average gross margins, as we believe WPP's efficiencies in talent management (either per account or per project) will offset growth in compensation and slightly lower long-term margins on digital ads.",
    "output": "[Cause] WPP's efficiencies in talent management [Relation] prevent [Effect] growth in compensation and slightly lower long-term margins on digital ads",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] market consolidation [Relation] enable [Effect] the beneficiary of rising disposable income and demand for domestic and international travel",
    "input": "We believe Trip.com has strengthened its leading position among Chinese online travel agencies after market consolidation, and is the beneficiary of rising disposable income and demand for domestic and international travel.",
    "output": "[Cause] rising disposable income and demand for domestic and international travel [Relation] enable [Effect] Trip.com has strengthened its leading position among Chinese online travel agencies",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a slew of new entrants [Relation] cause [Effect] increased the competitive fervor in those markets",
    "input": "Additionally, with the torrid growth that hard seltzer and flavored malt beverages have to offer, a slew of new entrants have increased the competitive fervor in those markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] the torrid growth that hard seltzer and flavored malt beverages have to offer [Relation] cause [Effect] increased the competitive fervor in those markets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the Victoria's Secret, or VS, brand failed to adapt to trends [Relation] cause [Effect] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends",
    "input": "Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends that allowed for competition in the intimates space, as the Victoria's Secret, or VS, brand failed to adapt to trends.",
    "output": "[Cause] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends [Relation] cause [Effect] competition in the intimates space",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends [Relation] enable [Effect] competition in the intimates space",
    "input": "Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded by consumer trends that allowed for competition in the intimates space, as the Victoria's Secret, or VS, brand failed to adapt to trends.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumer trends [Relation] cause [Effect] Its previously strong brand intangible asset has been degraded",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the exposure to healthcare treatment demand [Relation] cause [Effect] Healthineers, the group's other major division, offers medical equipment, which has more countercycle drivers",
    "input": "Healthineers, the group's other major division, offers medical equipment, which has more countercycle drivers due to the exposure to healthcare treatment demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] the exposure to healthcare treatment demand [Relation] cause [Effect] Healthineers, the group's other major division, offers medical equipment, which has more countercycle drivers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm's revenue growth has become increasingly driven by its platform segment which generates revenue from advertising, platform and distribution fees, and licensing [Relation] cause [Effect]  the Player segment (hardware sales) has fallen from 84% of total revenue in 2015 to 34% in 2019, a period during which total revenue increased from $320 million to $1.1 billion",
    "input": "As result of the network effect, the firm's revenue growth has become increasingly driven by its platform segment which generates revenue from advertising, platform and distribution fees, and licensing. As a result, the Player segment (hardware sales) has fallen from 84% of total revenue in 2015 to 34% in 2019, a period during which total revenue increased from $320 million to $1.1 billion.",
    "output": "[Cause] the network effect, the firm's revenue growth has become increasingly driven by its platform segment which generates revenue from advertising, platform and distribution fees, and licensing [Relation] cause [Effect] the Player segment (hardware sales) has fallen from 84% of total revenue in 2015 to 34% in 2019 a period during which total revenue increased from $320 million to $1.1 billion",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Worldwide, there are hundreds of lodging management companies but only a few of those currently manage more than 100 properties with Hyatt one of them, making it a prime partner for third-party owners looking to outsource management responsibilities [Relation] cause [Effect] increasing third-party confidence in Hyatt's brands, the company's asset-light business became the majority of adjusted EBITDA (before corporate) in 2018 and reached 57% in 2019, and we estimate it will be around mid-70% in 2029",
    "input": "Worldwide, there are hundreds of lodging management companies but only a few of those currently manage more than 100 properties with Hyatt one of them, making it a prime partner for third-party owners looking to outsource management responsibilities.  As a result of increasing third-party confidence in Hyatt's brands, the company's asset-light business became the majority of adjusted EBITDA (before corporate) in 2018 and reached 57% in 2019, and we estimate it will be around mid-70% in 2029.",
    "output": "[Cause] there are hundreds of lodging management companies but only a few of those currently manage more than 100 properties with Hyatt one of them, making it a prime partner for third-party owners looking to outsource management responsibilities [Relation] cause [Effect] the company's asset-light business became the majority of adjusted EBITDA (before corporate) in 2018 and reached 57% in 2019 and we estimate it will be around mid-70% in 2029",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] faster growth from lower-margin residential products and cost inflation [Relation] enable [Effect]  Allegion's operating margin will moderate a bit in 2021",
    "input": "We expect Allegion's operating margin will moderate a bit in 2021 due to faster growth from lower-margin residential products and cost inflation.",
    "output": "[Cause] faster growth from lower-margin residential products and cost inflation [Relation] cause [Effect] Allegion's operating margin will moderate a bit in 2021",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the combined businesses of Icon and PRA [Relation] cause [Effect] market share gains",
    "input": "Our forecast implies market share gains due to the combined businesses of Icon and PRA and results in a five-year projected revenue compound annual growth rate of about 27%, including the impact of the PRA acquisition.",
    "output": "[Cause] the combined businesses of Icon and PRA [Relation] cause [Effect] market share gains",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the combined businesses of Icon and PRA [Relation] cause [Effect] a five-year projected revenue compound annual growth rate of about 27%",
    "input": "Our forecast implies market share gains due to the combined businesses of Icon and PRA and results in a five-year projected revenue compound annual growth rate of about 27%, including the impact of the PRA acquisition.",
    "output": "[Cause] market share gains [Relation] cause [Effect] a five-year projected revenue compound annual growth rate of about 27%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] new concerns about safety issues begin to emerge from the firm's novel mRNA vaccines [Relation] cause [Effect] vaccine hesitancy could plague vaccine-focused firms like Moderna",
    "input": "Lastly, vaccine hesitancy could plague vaccine-focused firms like Moderna if new concerns about safety issues begin to emerge from the firm's novel mRNA vaccines.",
    "output": "[Cause] new concerns about safety issues begin to emerge from the firm's novel mRNA vaccines [Relation] cause [Effect] vaccine hesitancy could plague vaccine-focused firms like Moderna",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the gap between Progressive's expense ratio and the industry average [Relation] enable [Effect] added about 5 percentage points annually to the company's return on equity",
    "input": "By our estimate, the gap between Progressive's expense ratio and the industry average has added about 5 percentage points annually to the company's return on equity.",
    "output": "[Cause] the gap between Progressive's expense ratio and the industry average [Relation] enable [Effect] added about 5 percentage points annually to the company's return on equity",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consistently well-executed vehicles that solidly connect with the customer base [Relation] enable [Effect] BMW's repeated appearance in the top five of the APEAL Study",
    "input": "BMW's repeated appearance in the top five of the APEAL Study indicates consistently well-executed vehicles that solidly connect with the customer base.",
    "output": "[Cause] consistently well-executed vehicles [Relation] enable [Effect] solidly connect with the customer base",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the movement of landing pages is completed, the economy recovers, and more video content is released as macroeconomics improve [Relation] cause [Effect] Baidu and iQiyi's advertising revenue to recover from a low base",
    "input": "As the movement of landing pages is completed, the economy recovers, and more video content is released as macroeconomics improve, we expect Baidu and iQiyi's advertising revenue to recover from a low base.",
    "output": "[Cause] the movement of landing pages is completed, the economy recovers, and more video content is released as macroeconomics improve [Relation] enable [Effect] Baidu and iQiyi's advertising revenue to recover from a low base",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Carnival could generate average ROICs, including goodwill (7%) below our weighted average cost of capital over the next decade [Relation] prevent [Effect] secular fall out stemming",
    "input": "However, we believe Carnival could generate average ROICs, including goodwill (7%) below our weighted average cost of capital over the next decade, hindered by the secular fall out stemming from COVID-19.",
    "output": "[Cause] hindered by the secular fall out stemming from COVID-19 [Relation] prevent [Effect] we believe Carnival could generate average ROICs, including goodwill (7%) below our weighted average cost of capital over the next decade",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Smucker spent less than 6% of revenue on marketing, but beginning in fiscal 2019, these investments have increased, and are on track to reach 7% by 2022 [Relation] enable [Effect] Smucker to reach 5 million new households, a 10% increase, while lowering nonworking media spending by $30 million, driving a 15% increase in marketing ROI",
    "input": "Before fiscal 2019, Smucker spent less than 6% of revenue on marketing, but beginning in fiscal 2019, these investments have increased, and are on track to reach 7% by 2022. These initiatives have allowed Smucker to reach 5 million new households, a 10% increase, while lowering nonworking media spending by $30 million, driving a 15% increase in marketing ROI.",
    "output": "[Cause] Smucker spent less than 6% of revenue on marketing, but beginning in fiscal 2019, these investments have increased, and are on track to reach 7% by 2022 [Relation] enable [Effect] Smucker to reach 5 million new households, a 10% increase, while lowering nonworking media spending by $30 million, driving a 15% increase in marketing ROI",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] new threats emerge [Relation] cause [Effect] integrating multiple software and hardware vendors together becomes cumbersome and difficult to manage",
    "input": "Enterprises traditionally purchased point-based solutions that cover a component of security from the leading specialist; however, integrating multiple software and hardware vendors together becomes cumbersome and difficult to manage as new threats emerge.",
    "output": "[Cause] integrating multiple software and hardware vendors together becomes cumbersome and difficult to manage [Relation] cause [Effect] Enterprises traditionally purchased point-based solutions that cover a component of security from the leading specialist",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Rituxan biosimilars and new oral competitors in the blood cancer space [Relation] prevent [Effect] be partly countered by Gazyva's superiority to Rituxan in CLL and indolent/maintenance NHL indications.",
    "input": "Rituxan biosimilars and new oral competitors in the blood cancer space should be partly countered by Gazyva's superiority to Rituxan in CLL and indolent/maintenance NHL indications.",
    "output": "[Cause] Gazyva's superiority to Rituxan in CLL and indolent/maintenance NHL indications [Relation] prevent [Effect] Rituxan biosimilars and new oral competitors in the blood cancer space",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This includes forecasting tools to ensure that the right product is on hand, the fleet to ensure the trucks are running on time, technology to efficiently route the fleet, and financial systems to ensure orders are processed and billed correctly [Relation] cause [Effect] Sysco averages a 98.5% service level, the percent of orders delivered with the requested product (no substitutions), within the designated delivery window, and billed accurately",
    "input": "This includes forecasting tools to ensure that the right product is on hand, the fleet to ensure the trucks are running on time, technology to efficiently route the fleet, and financial systems to ensure orders are processed and billed correctly. As a result, Sysco averages a 98.5% service level, the percent of orders delivered with the requested product (no substitutions), within the designated delivery window, and billed accurately.",
    "output": "[Cause] This includes forecasting tools to ensure that the right product is on hand, the fleet to ensure the trucks are running on time, technology to efficiently route the fleet, and financial systems to ensure orders are processed and billed correctly [Relation] cause [Effect] Sysco averages a 98.5% service level, the percent of orders delivered with the requested product (no substitutions), within the designated delivery window, and billed accurately",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] CoStar's acquisition of LoopNet and its related platforms closed in 2012 [Relation] cause [Effect]  it will continue to effectively push price increases to its existing user base and compel listers to utilize its advertising services more heavily over time",
    "input": "Although CoStar's acquisition of LoopNet and its related platforms closed in 2012, we think it will continue to effectively push price increases to its existing user base and compel listers to utilize its advertising services more heavily over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] it will continue to effectively push price increases to its existing user base and compel listers [Relation] enable [Effect] utilize its advertising services more heavily over time",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] regulated capital investment, and the degree to which the company can recover its costs with an appealing return [Relation] cause [Effect] The primary driver behind CMS' earnings growth and value creation",
    "input": "The primary driver behind CMS' earnings growth and value creation is regulated capital investment, and the degree to which the company can recover its costs with an appealing return.",
    "output": "[Cause] The primary driver behind CMS' earnings growth and value creation is regulated capital investment [Relation] cause [Effect] the company can recover its costs with an appealing return",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Technological shifts such as new mirrorless cameras or simply third-party lenses [Relation] cause [Effect] provide an opportunity for less-established competitors to gain share and erode Canon's customer base",
    "input": "Technological shifts such as new mirrorless cameras or simply third-party lenses could provide an opportunity for less-established competitors to gain share and erode Canon's customer base.",
    "output": "[Cause] Technological shifts such as new mirrorless cameras or simply third-party lenses [Relation] enable [Effect] provide an opportunity for less-established competitors to gain share and erode Canon's customer base",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Canadian Natural's ownership of midstream pipeline assets [Relation] enable [Effect] it to control the transport of a significant portion of its own production and lowers its transportation expenses and overall cost structure",
    "input": "Canadian Natural's ownership of midstream pipeline assets allows it to control the transport of a significant portion of its own production and lowers its transportation expenses and overall cost structure.",
    "output": "[Cause] Canadian Natural's ownership of midstream pipeline assets [Relation] enable [Effect] it to control the transport of a significant portion of its own production and lowers its transportation expenses and overall cost structure",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  demand begins to stabilize in key European markets  | the lifting of lockdown restrictions and speed of vaccine rollout representing the key (and unfortunately, exogenous) variables [Relation] cause [Effect] we've modeled revenue growth of 14.3% and 7.5% in 2021 and 2022",
    "input": "With the lifting of lockdown restrictions and speed of vaccine rollout representing the key (and unfortunately, exogenous) variables, we've modeled revenue growth of 14.3% and 7.5% in 2021 and 2022, as demand begins to stabilize in key European markets (notably, U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] the lifting of lockdown restrictions and speed of vaccine rollout representing the key (and unfortunately, exogenous) variables [Relation] enable [Effect] we've modeled revenue growth of 14.3% and 7.5% in 2021 and 2022, as demand begins to stabilize in key European markets (notably, U.S",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] growth in retransmission fees and digital revenue [Relation] cause [Effect] the organic average non-ad revenue growth will be in the low to midsingle digits",
    "input": "We project that the organic average non-ad revenue growth will be in the low to midsingle digits, driven by growth in retransmission fees and digital revenue.",
    "output": "[Cause] growth in retransmission fees and digital revenue [Relation] enable [Effect] the organic average non-ad revenue growth will be in the low to midsingle digits",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  expand its banking and insurance operations in one of its home markets, the Netherlands, and further its long-term ambition to grow private banking and asset management [Relation] cause [Effect]  the acquisition",
    "input": "The bank's motivation for the acquisition was to expand its banking and insurance operations in one of its home markets, the Netherlands, and further its long-term ambition to grow private banking and asset management of which Fortis would absorb ABN's offering globally.",
    "output": "[Cause] The bank's motivation for the acquisition [Relation] enable [Effect] to expand its banking and insurance operations in one of its home markets, the Netherlands, and further its long-term ambition to grow private banking and asset management of which Fortis would absorb ABN's offering globally",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] new product introductions, expansion into adjacent markets, and market share gains. [Relation] enable [Effect] driving sales growth slightly above the average industrial production growth rate",
    "input": "We view Graco as a GDP-plus business, with its commitment to R&D and continuous innovation driving sales growth slightly above the average industrial production growth rate through new product introductions, expansion into adjacent markets, and market share gains.",
    "output": "[Cause] its commitment to R&D and continuous innovation [Relation] enable [Effect] sales growth slightly above the average industrial production growth rate",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The ability of Biogen's new oral drug Vumerity to improve GI tolerability [Relation] enable [Effect] partly offset headwinds from competition",
    "input": "The ability of Biogen's new oral drug Vumerity to improve GI tolerability should partly offset headwinds from competition, but we still assume Biogen's total oral MS drug sales will decline from $3.8 billion in 2020 to $1.7 billion by 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] The ability of Biogen's new oral drug Vumerity to improve GI tolerability [Relation] enable [Effect] partly offset headwinds from competition",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] hoses, nozzles, pumps, and other components have to be periodically replaced [Relation] cause [Effect] constant wear and tear",
    "input": "For example, hoses, nozzles, pumps, and other components have to be periodically replaced due to constant wear and tear, which creates steady demand for aftermarket parts.",
    "output": "[Cause] constant wear and tear [Relation] cause [Effect] hoses, nozzles, pumps, and other components have to be periodically replaced",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] constant wear and tear [Relation] cause [Effect] creates steady demand for aftermarket parts",
    "input": "For example, hoses, nozzles, pumps, and other components have to be periodically replaced due to constant wear and tear, which creates steady demand for aftermarket parts.",
    "output": "[Cause] constant wear and tear [Relation] cause [Effect] hoses, nozzles, pumps, and other components have to be periodically replaced",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] high switching costs [Relation] cause [Effect] The research model business has remained a steady recurring revenue stream for the company",
    "input": "The research model business has remained a steady recurring revenue stream for the company as a result of high switching costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] high switching costs [Relation] cause [Effect] The research model business has remained a steady recurring revenue stream for the company",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] observability uses include monitoring application health for developers, and application modernization [Relation] enable [Effect] maximize performance and drive innovation",
    "input": "Security uses include threat detection (suspicious user activity, for example) as well as incident monitoring; IT cases include cloud infrastructure monitoring and predictive system analytics; and observability uses include monitoring application health for developers, and application modernization to maximize performance and drive innovation.",
    "output": "[Cause] Security uses include threat detection (suspicious user activity, for example) as well as incident monitoring; IT cases include cloud infrastructure monitoring and predictive system analytics; and observability uses include monitoring application health for developers, and application modernization to maximize performance and drive innovation [Relation] enable [Effect]",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the general oil and gas downturn as well as the imminent LNG oversupply specifically [Relation] cause [Effect] The volume of new equipment sales to LNG and other oil and gas customers has been falling off",
    "input": "The volume of new equipment sales to LNG and other oil and gas customers has been falling off, due to the general oil and gas downturn as well as the imminent LNG oversupply specifically.",
    "output": "[Cause] the general oil and gas downturn as well as the imminent LNG oversupply specifically [Relation] cause [Effect] The volume of new equipment sales to LNG and other oil and gas customers has been falling off",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The firm spends over $600 million each year on advertising and media [Relation] enable [Effect]  provides buying power over smaller peers, also contributing to its cost advantage",
    "input": "The firm spends over $600 million each year on advertising and media, which provides buying power over smaller peers, also contributing to its cost advantage.",
    "output": "[Cause] The firm spends over $600 million each year on advertising and media [Relation] enable [Effect] provides buying power over smaller peers, also contributing to its cost advantage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  management does a good job executing its strategy [Relation] enable [Effect]  more stable cash flows, a sustainable dividend, and Utilities - Independent Power Producersmore share buybacks",
    "input": "This could result in more stable cash flows, a sustainable dividend, and Utilities - Independent Power Producersmore share buybacks if management does a good job executing its strategy.",
    "output": "[Cause] management does a good job executing its strategy [Relation] cause [Effect] more stable cash flows, a sustainable dividend, and Utilities - Independent Power Producersmore share buybacks",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] We believe Adidas has a strong opportunity in the $31 billion athletic apparel market in China, [Relation] enable [Effect] where it is viewed as a premium fashion brand with high pricing.",
    "input": "We believe Adidas has a strong opportunity in the $31 billion athletic apparel market in China, where it is viewed as a premium fashion brand with high pricing.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is viewed as a premium fashion brand with high pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] Adidas has a strong opportunity in the $31 billion athletic apparel market in China",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] real-world evidence offerings will only be worth a premium if they're completely embraced by the FDA and other regulatory entities [Relation] cause [Effect] IQVIA's success is highly dependent on regulatory cooperation",
    "input": "While a leader in real-world evidence, IQVIA's success is highly dependent on regulatory cooperation, as real-world evidence offerings will only be worth a premium if they're completely embraced by the FDA and other regulatory entities.",
    "output": "[Cause] they're completely embraced by the FDA and other regulatory entities [Relation] cause [Effect] real-world evidence offerings will only be worth a premium",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its new products fail to generate the same incremental demand growth from its end user [Relation] cause [Effect] its ability to command a premium price for its specialty products would deteriorate",
    "input": "However, if Eastman is unable to develop new products to replace formulas that roll off patent, or if its new products fail to generate the same incremental demand growth from its end users, its ability to command a premium price for its specialty products would deteriorate.",
    "output": "[Cause] Eastman is unable to develop new products to replace formulas that roll off patent [Relation] cause [Effect] its new products fail to generate the same incremental demand growth from its end users",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Eastman is unable to develop new products to replace formulas that roll off patent [Relation] cause [Effect] its ability to command a premium price for its specialty products would deteriorate",
    "input": "However, if Eastman is unable to develop new products to replace formulas that roll off patent, or if its new products fail to generate the same incremental demand growth from its end users, its ability to command a premium price for its specialty products would deteriorate.",
    "output": "[Cause] its new products fail to generate the same incremental demand growth from its end users [Relation] cause [Effect] its ability to command a premium price for its specialty products would deteriorate",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the smaller contracts favored by retail investors carry a much smaller transaction fee per contract than CME's traditional equity products [Relation] cause [Effect]  the company benefits from recent price increases and improved product mix",
    "input": "Lower volume for equity futures should be partially mitigated by rises in average revenue per contract as the company benefits from recent price increases and improved product mix as the smaller contracts favored by retail investors carry a much smaller transaction fee per contract than CME's traditional equity products.",
    "output": "[Cause] the smaller contracts favored by retail investors carry a much smaller transaction fee per contract than CME's traditional equity products [Relation] cause [Effect] Lower volume for equity futures should be partially mitigated by rises in average revenue per contract",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] rises in average revenue per contract [Relation] prevent [Effect] Lower volume for equity futures",
    "input": "Lower volume for equity futures should be partially mitigated by rises in average revenue per contract as the company benefits from recent price increases and improved product mix as the smaller contracts favored by retail investors carry a much smaller transaction fee per contract than CME's traditional equity products.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company benefits from recent price increases and improved product mix [Relation] cause [Effect] Lower volume for equity futures should be partially mitigated",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] one of CME's customer's fails to settle a contract [Relation] cause [Effect] the exchange will step in and close out the transaction after seizing the collateral of the defaulted counterparty",
    "input": "If one of CME's customer's fails to settle a contract, the exchange will step in and close out the transaction after seizing the collateral of the defaulted counterparty.",
    "output": "[Cause] seizing the collateral of the defaulted counterparty [Relation] enable [Effect] the exchange will step in and close out the transaction",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] because Logix works with third-party applications [Relation] cause [Effect] customers can make incremental improvements to their facilities without incurring the disruption of an expensive system overhaul",
    "input": "Third, because Logix works with third-party applications, customers can make incremental improvements to their facilities without incurring the disruption of an expensive system overhaul.",
    "output": "[Cause Logix works with third-party applications [Relation] cause [Effect] customers can make incremental improvements to their facilities without incurring the disruption of an expensive system overhaul",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] declining net interest margins over the past few years [Relation] cause [Effect] Bradesco has pivoted toward higher margin small and medium enterprise and personal lending, in tandem with an increased focus on fee income",
    "input": "With declining net interest margins over the past few years, Bradesco has pivoted toward higher margin small and medium enterprise and personal lending, in tandem with an increased focus on fee income.",
    "output": "[Cause] declining net interest margins over the past few years [Relation] cause [Effect] Bradesco has pivoted toward higher margin small and medium enterprise and personal lending, in tandem with an increased focus on fee income",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] As a developer of projects in frontier regions [Relation] cause [Effect] Total faces the risk of delays or disruption of new construction or existing operations",
    "input": "As a developer of projects in frontier regions such as Mozambique or Papua New Guinea, Total faces the risk of delays or disruption of new construction or existing operations due to disputes with local communities.",
    "output": "[Cause] disputes with local communities [Relation] cause [Effect] As a developer of projects in frontier regions such as Mozambique or Papua New Guinea, Total faces the risk of delays or disruption of new construction or existing operations",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  opposition from indigenous [Relation] cause [Effect] in-service date by the end of 2021",
    "input": "The multi-year effort to bring Line 3 into service due to opposition from indigenous tribes finally looks to be nearing a close, with an expected in-service date by the end of 2021.",
    "output": "[Cause] The multi-year effort to bring Line 3 into service due to opposition from indigenous tribes [Relation] enable [Effect] a close",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The pandemic may bolster the unit's long-term prospects if the temporary shift to digital learning during shelter-in-place orders [Relation] enable [Effect]  greater adoption even after public health conditions normalize",
    "input": "The pandemic may bolster the unit's long-term prospects if the temporary shift to digital learning during shelter-in-place orders leads to greater adoption even after public health conditions normalize.",
    "output": "[Cause] the temporary shift to digital learning during shelter-in-place orders [Relation] enable [Effect] bolster the unit's long-term prospects",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Adidas' overall gross margin improved 210 basis points in the period to 49.7% from 47.6% [Relation] enable [Effect] it does not appear that increased outlet sales have had a discernible effect on pricing",
    "input": "Moreover, it does not appear that increased outlet sales have had a discernible effect on pricing, as Adidas' overall gross margin improved 210 basis points in the period to 49.7% from 47.6%.",
    "output": "[Cause] Adidas' overall gross margin improved 210 basis points in the period to 49.7% from 47.6% [Relation] cause [Effect] it does not appear that increased outlet sales have had a discernible effect on pricing",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] market pressures [Relation] prevent [Effect] the company's progress",
    "input": "Management hopes to develop more complex manufacturing capabilities in market segments where limited competition supports stronger pricing power and higher profitability, but market pressures have limited the company's progress.",
    "output": "[Cause] market pressures [Relation] prevent [Effect] the company's progress",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] develop more complex manufacturing capabilities in market segments [Relation] cause [Effect] limited competition supports stronger pricing power and higher profitability",
    "input": "Management hopes to develop more complex manufacturing capabilities in market segments where limited competition supports stronger pricing power and higher profitability, but market pressures have limited the company's progress.",
    "output": "[Cause] market pressures [Relation] prevent [Effect] the company's progress",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a mark [Relation] enable [Effect]  the broad resonance of its trademarks",
    "input": "Management is looking for 25% of its growth outlook to be driven by innovation, a mark we think is achievable given the broad resonance of its trademarks.",
    "output": "[Cause] the broad resonance of its trademarks [Relation] enable [Effect] 25% of its growth outlook to be driven by innovation",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] tap into the fixed-line market and protect itself from further encroachment by KT into its wireless business [Relation] cause [Effect] SK Telecom acquired a stake in Hanaro Telecom (now SK Broadband)",
    "input": "To tap into the fixed-line market and protect itself from further encroachment by KT into its wireless business, SK Telecom acquired a stake in Hanaro Telecom (now SK Broadband), Korea's second-largest fixed-line operator, in 2008, which it subsequently turned into 100% ownership.",
    "output": "[Cause] SK Telecom acquired a stake in Hanaro Telecom (now SK Broadband), Korea's second-largest fixed-line operator, in 2008 [Relation] enable [Effect] it subsequently turned into 100% ownership",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] China's demand growth for steel matures [Relation] cause [Effect]  lower midcycle iron ore and coking coal prices",
    "input": "In the long run, we still expect steel prices to be low, owing to our expectations of lower midcycle iron ore and coking coal prices as China's demand growth for steel matures.",
    "output": "[Cause] our expectations of lower midcycle iron ore and coking coal prices as China's demand for steel matures [Relation] cause [Effect] steel prices to be low",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  policymakers shift away from natural gas regulators don't fairly compensate Sempra for stranded gas distribution assets [Relation] cause [Effect]  we think natural gas will play a role near term in California",
    "input": "While we think natural gas will play a role near term in California, there is risk that as policymakers shift away from natural gas regulators don't fairly compensate Sempra for stranded gas distribution assets.",
    "output": "[Cause] policymakers shift away from natural gas regulators [Relation] cause [Effect] don't fairly compensate Sempra for stranded gas distribution assets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the decline in revenue from currency weakness [Relation] cause [Effect] a decline in operating expenditure",
    "input": "Operating expenditure for the various areas of operations tend to be in local currency, the decline in revenue from currency weakness is offset by a decline in operating expenditure.",
    "output": "[Cause] a decline in operating expenditure [Relation] enable [Effect] the decline in revenue from currency weakness is offset",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This superior safety profile coupled with ICU's low pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] the company to sell double the volume of connectors versus its nearest competitor",
    "input": "This superior safety profile coupled with ICU's low pricing allows the company to sell double the volume of connectors versus its nearest competitor.",
    "output": "[Cause] This superior safety profile coupled with ICU's low pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] the company to sell double the volume of connectors versus its nearest competitor",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a medical advertising scandal at Baidu and the resulting government curb on healthcare adverts [Relation] cause [Effect] ROIC fell in 2016",
    "input": "ROIC fell in 2016 due to a medical advertising scandal at Baidu and the resulting government curb on healthcare adverts.",
    "output": "[Cause] a medical advertising scandal at Baidu and the resulting government curb on healthcare adverts [Relation] cause [Effect] ROIC fell in 2016",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] expansion projects in growing regions [Relation] enable [Effect] fuel EBITDA and cash distribution growth",
    "input": "We believe Pembina's operating assets can thrive in a low-oil-price environment, while expansion projects in growing regions will fuel EBITDA and cash distribution growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] expansion projects in growing regions [Relation] enable [Effect] fuel EBITDA and cash distribution growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Experience attained from launching initially in and focusing more on the North America market [Relation] enable [Effect] Lyft more effectively allocate capital to its possible launches in other markets",
    "input": "Experience attained from launching initially in and focusing more on the North America market may help Lyft more effectively allocate capital to its possible launches in other markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] Experience attained from launching initially in and focusing more on the North America market [Relation] enable [Effect] Lyft more effectively allocate capital to its possible launches in other markets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A failure of a sensor to work properly [Relation] cause [Effect] product failure of an expensive long-cycle product",
    "input": "A failure of a sensor to work properly may lead to product failure of an expensive long-cycle product, which we think makes it difficult for customers to switch.",
    "output": "[Cause] A failure of a sensor to work properly [Relation] cause [Effect] product failure of an expensive long-cycle product",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] These aspects of the retail distribution channel [Relation] cause [Effect] most generic drug manufacturers, unwilling to focus on direct-to-consumer products",
    "input": "These aspects of the retail distribution channel keep most generic drug manufacturers, unwilling to focus on direct-to-consumer products, focused on the prescription side of the drug market and away from Perrigo's territory.",
    "output": "[Cause] These aspects of the retail distribution channel [Relation] enable [Effect] keep most generic drug manufacturers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a firm adopts Amphenol's components into its product [Relation] enable [Effect] they will often experience significant financial cost and the potential risk of failure by switching to competitors",
    "input": "After a firm adopts Amphenol's components into its product, they will often experience significant financial cost and the potential risk of failure by switching to competitors.",
    "output": "[Cause] a firm adopts Amphenol's components into its product [Relation] cause [Effect] they will often experience significant financial cost and the potential risk of failure by switching to competitors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the coronavirus pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect]  an increased focus on diagnostics",
    "input": "While an increased focus on diagnostics due to the coronavirus pandemic will be a tailwind, we expect competition will increase to meet this rising demand, and Bio-Rad may not meaningfully benefit from this trend despite a growing market.",
    "output": "[Cause] the coronavirus pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] an increased focus on diagnostics",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  rising demand [Relation] cause [Effect] competition will increase",
    "input": "While an increased focus on diagnostics due to the coronavirus pandemic will be a tailwind, we expect competition will increase to meet this rising demand, and Bio-Rad may not meaningfully benefit from this trend despite a growing market.",
    "output": "[Cause] an increased focus on diagnostics [Relation] cause [Effect] Bio-Rad may not meaningfully benefit from this trend",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Tenneco has a large degree of operating leverage [Relation] cause [Effect]  sudden declines in volume can have a meaningful impact on profit",
    "input": "As a result, Tenneco has a large degree of operating leverage, so sudden declines in volume can have a meaningful impact on profit.",
    "output": "[Cause] Tenneco has a large degree of operating leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] sudden declines in volume can have a meaningful impact on profit",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] To continue winning contracts [Relation] cause [Effect] the turbine-makers will instate steep cost-reduction goals to their supply chain and will outsource suppliers that cannot meet the targets",
    "input": "To continue winning contracts, the turbine-makers will instate steep cost-reduction goals to their supply chain and will outsource suppliers that cannot meet the targets.",
    "output": "[Cause] the turbine-makers [Relation] enable [Effect] instate steep cost-reduction goals to their supply chain and will outsource suppliers that cannot meet the targets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] if the customer is unable to find such a solution, it would need to source multiple discrete products from various suppliers to develop bespoke solutions with the same functionality [Relation] cause [Effect] complicating its supply chain and requiring significant engineering investment",
    "input": "Or, if the customer is unable to find such a solution, it would need to source multiple discrete products from various suppliers to develop bespoke solutions with the same functionality, complicating its supply chain and requiring significant engineering investment.",
    "output": "[Cause] it would need to source multiple discrete products from various suppliers [Relation] enable [Effect] bespoke solutions with the same functionality",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Apartment Income spun off its development pipeline and lease-up portfolio into its own company [Relation] cause [Effect] the remaining company could focus on the highest-quality assets",
    "input": "In 2020, Apartment Income spun off its development pipeline and lease-up portfolio into its own company so that the remaining company could focus on the highest-quality assets.",
    "output": "[Cause] Apartment Income spun off its development pipeline and lease-up portfolio into its own company [Relation] enable [Effect] the remaining company could focus on the highest-quality assets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] constant false alarms [Relation] cause [Effect] true positive alerts being ignored.",
    "input": "Using pulse oximeters that produce frequent false alarms can take up valuable clinician time, leading to poor health outcomes, and constant false alarms could result in true positive alerts being ignored.",
    "output": "[Cause] pulse oximeters that produce frequent false alarms [Relation] cause [Effect] poor health outcomes",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] high-grading and cost improvements [Relation] enable [Effect] the company has reduced the oil price necessary to earn a 10% return on capital to below $40 per barrel",
    "input": "Through high-grading and cost improvements, the company has reduced the oil price necessary to earn a 10% return on capital to below $40 per barrel.",
    "output": "[Cause] high-grading and cost improvements [Relation] enable [Effect] the company has reduced the oil price necessary to earn a 10% return on capital to below $40 per barrel",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Focused entry from these competitors [Relation] cause [Effect] double the current handful of players that have dominant scale",
    "input": "Focused entry from these competitors would double the current handful of players that have dominant scale, leading to commodification of the industry and a meaningful impact to margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] Focused entry from these competitors [Relation] enable [Effect] double the current handful of players that have dominant scale",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] double the current handful of players that have dominant scale [Relation] cause [Effect] commodification of the industry and a meaningful impact to margins",
    "input": "Focused entry from these competitors would double the current handful of players that have dominant scale, leading to commodification of the industry and a meaningful impact to margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] Focused entry from these competitors [Relation] enable [Effect] commodification of the industry and a meaningful impact to margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the need to run two systems during a transition and the uncertainty, cost, time, and effort of adopting a new product for such an important application [Relation] cause [Effect] firms are hard-pressed to switch payroll software",
    "input": "We think firms are hard-pressed to switch payroll software, given the need to run two systems during a transition and the uncertainty, cost, time, and effort of adopting a new product for such an important application.",
    "output": "[Cause] the need to run two systems during a transition and the uncertainty, cost, time, and effort of adopting a new product for such an important application [Relation] cause [Effect] firms are hard-pressed to switch payroll software",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Ardent and Wexford give Ventas added platforms for consolidation [Relation] enable [Effect] help provide an integrated healthcare infrastructure",
    "input": "While the ultimate scope, scale, and success of these strategies remain to be seen, Ardent and Wexford give Ventas added platforms for consolidation as owners and operators potentially seek an efficient capital partner that can help provide an integrated healthcare infrastructure.",
    "output": "[Cause] owners and operators potentially seek an efficient capital partner [Relation] enable [Effect] help provide an integrated healthcare infrastructure",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] copying the location-based cost advantage [Relation] prevent [Effect] new competition",
    "input": "Furthermore, while populous metropolitan areas are the centers of construction activity, new quarry permits are difficult to obtain near well-populated areas due to not-in-my-backyard tendencies, preventing new competition from copying the location-based cost advantage.",
    "output": "[Cause] not-in-my-backyard tendencies [Relation] cause [Effect] preventing new competition from copying the location-based cost advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] not-in-my-backyard tendencies [Relation] cause [Effect] new quarry permits are difficult to obtain near well-populated areas",
    "input": "Furthermore, while populous metropolitan areas are the centers of construction activity, new quarry permits are difficult to obtain near well-populated areas due to not-in-my-backyard tendencies, preventing new competition from copying the location-based cost advantage.",
    "output": "[Cause] not-in-my-backyard tendencies [Relation] prevent [Effect] new competition from copying the location-based cost advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  combined [Relation] cause [Effect] increase existing supply",
    "input": "That said, there are plans for two large resorts to open in 2021 (Genting World Resort opens with 3,000 rooms) and 2022 (the Witkoff Drew opens with around 4,000 rooms) that combined will increase existing supply by a mid-single-digit percentage.",
    "output": "[Cause] two large resorts to open in 2021 (Genting World Resort opens with 3,000 rooms) and 2022 (the Witkoff Drew opens with around 4,000 rooms) [Relation] enable [Effect] increase existing supply by a mid-single-digit percentage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the rising middle class in China and the penetration rate of less than 2% in Macao, compared with Las Vegas' 13% [Relation] enable [Effect] the gambling market in Macao will enjoy solid growth in the longer term",
    "input": "We believe the gambling market in Macao will enjoy solid growth in the longer term. This structural tailwind is driven by the rising middle class in China and the penetration rate of less than 2% in Macao, compared with Las Vegas' 13%.",
    "output": "[Cause] the rising middle class in China and the penetration rate of less than 2% in Macao, compared with Las Vegas' 13% [Relation] cause [Effect] the gambling market in Macao will enjoy solid growth in the longer term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] savings will fuel its product innovation and advertising [Relation] enable [Effect] its offerings stay top of mind with consumers and retailers",
    "input": "Beyond boosting profits, we think these savings will fuel its product innovation and advertising to ensure its offerings stay top of mind with consumers and retailers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Beyond boosting profits [Relation] cause [Effect] we think these savings will fuel its product innovation and advertising to ensure its offerings stay top of mind with consumers and retailers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the structural characteristics of those individual business lines, such as asset and wealth management [Relation] cause [Effect] The bank has some segments that weigh on the efficiency ratio",
    "input": "The bank has some segments that weigh on the efficiency ratio due to the structural characteristics of those individual business lines, such as asset and wealth management; however, it has still managed to keep its operating efficiency roughly in line with or better than its peers.",
    "output": "[Cause] The bank has some segments that weigh on the efficiency ratio due to the structural characteristics of those individual business lines [Relation] enable [Effect] asset and wealth management",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Nice's shift to a cloud-based platform [Relation] enable [Effect] lead to healthy new customer growth and upselling opportunities with existing customers",
    "input": "Driving this growth are secular trends that should support increased adoption of CCaaS products, as well as Nice's shift to a cloud-based platform that should lead to healthy new customer growth and upselling opportunities with existing customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] driving this growth are secular trends [Relation] cause [Effect] support increased adoption of CCaaS products",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Driving this growth are secular trends [Relation] enable [Effect]  support increased adoption of CCaaS products",
    "input": "Driving this growth are secular trends that should support increased adoption of CCaaS products, as well as Nice's shift to a cloud-based platform that should lead to healthy new customer growth and upselling opportunities with existing customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Nice's shift to a cloud-based platform [Relation] cause [Effect] healthy new customer growth and upselling opportunities with existing customers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] there are delays to benefits administration, and in severe cases, employees may quit the firm. [Relation] enable [Effect] This could lead to employee frustration if paychecks are delayed",
    "input": "This could lead to employee frustration if paychecks are delayed or if there are delays to benefits administration, and in severe cases, employees may quit the firm.",
    "output": "[Cause] paychecks are delayed or if there are delays to benefits administration [Relation] cause [Effect] employee frustration",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it competes for talent [Relation] cause [Effect] The firm also could see higher environmental regulation costs as well as elevated expenses as it moves into electric vehicles",
    "input": "The firm also could see higher environmental regulation costs as well as elevated expenses as it moves into electric vehicles, particularly as it competes for talent.",
    "output": "[Cause] it moves into electric vehicles [Relation] enable [Effect] The firm also could see higher environmental regulation costs as well as elevated expenses",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] build upon its intellectual property [Relation] enable [Effect] rolling out better medicines and combinations",
    "input": "Vertex has been able to build upon its intellectual property, rolling out better medicines and combinations that increasingly capture more patients.",
    "output": "[Cause] Vertex [Relation] enable [Effect] build upon its intellectual property",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] rolling out better medicines and combinations [Relation] enable [Effect] increasingly capture more patients",
    "input": "Vertex has been able to build upon its intellectual property, rolling out better medicines and combinations that increasingly capture more patients.",
    "output": "[Cause] rolling out better medicines and combinations [Relation] enable [Effect] increasingly capture more patients",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a malicious attempt is detected in one location [Relation] cause [Effect] all of the enterprise's security is updated instead of only having an update in a particular location",
    "input": "If a malicious attempt is detected in one location, all of the enterprise's security is updated instead of only having an update in a particular location.",
    "output": "[Cause] a malicious attempt is detected in one location [Relation] cause [Effect] all of the enterprise's security is updated instead of only having an update in a particular location",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] develop technologically superior memory solutions than those of Micron [Relation] prevent [Effect] stretches of underperformance where the latter is unable to adequately invest to bridge product portfolio gaps",
    "input": "Another major risk is the strong competition from the likes of Samsung and SK Hynix which may be able to develop technologically superior memory solutions than those of Micron, leading to stretches of underperformance where the latter is unable to adequately invest to bridge product portfolio gaps.",
    "output": "[Cause] the strong competition from the likes of Samsung and SK Hynix [Relation] cause [Effect] stretches of underperformance where the latter is unable to adequately invest to bridge product portfolio gaps",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] management has a good record when it comes to balancing expansion opportunities and maintaining the company's competitive position [Relation] enable [Effect] gives us confidence",
    "input": "We think management has a good record when it comes to balancing expansion opportunities and maintaining the company's competitive position, which gives us confidence.",
    "output": "[Cause] management has a good record when it comes to balancing expansion opportunities and maintaining the company's competitive position [Relation] cause [Effect] gives us confidence",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] new unit openings (8.7%) as Starbucks continues to expand beyond Tier I cities [Relation] cause [Effect] The international segment, heavily skewed toward China, features 11.5% annual revenue growth (excluding 2021)",
    "input": "The international segment, heavily skewed toward China, features 11.5% annual revenue growth (excluding 2021), driven primarily by new unit openings (8.7%) as Starbucks continues to expand beyond Tier I cities.",
    "output": "[Cause] new unit openings (8.7%) as Starbucks continues to expand beyond Tier I cities [Relation] cause [Effect] The international segment, heavily skewed toward China, features 11.5% annual revenue growth (excluding 2021)",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company has yet to generate positive free cash flow [Relation] cause [Effect] it will continue to rely on outside capital raises",
    "input": "As the company has yet to generate positive free cash flow, it will continue to rely on outside capital raises, especially as it expands production to meet growing demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company has yet to generate positive free cash flow [Relation] cause [Effect] it will continue to rely on outside capital raises",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] lower revenue, IT investments, and pressure on gross margins (net revenue/gross revenue) from rising capacity buy rates [Relation] cause [Effect]  adjusted 2020 EBIT margin fell 110 basis points to 3.4%",
    "input": "Because of lower revenue, IT investments, and pressure on gross margins (net revenue/gross revenue) from rising capacity buy rates, adjusted 2020 EBIT margin fell 110 basis points to 3.4%.",
    "output": "[Cause] lower revenue, IT investments, and pressure on gross margins (net revenue/gross revenue) from rising capacity buy rates [Relation] cause [Effect] adjusted 2020 EBIT margin fell 110 basis points to 3.4%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] interest rates increase faster than expected [Relation] cause [Effect] Oneok's shares could underperform",
    "input": "If interest rates increase faster than expected, Oneok's shares could underperform, as a steepening yield curve increases expected distribution yield for competing assets.",
    "output": "[Cause] interest rates increase faster than expected [Relation] cause [Effect] Oneok's shares could underperform",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] AEP is the best-positioned transmission developer in the U.S. [Relation] enable [Effect] given its large transmission footprint and history of execution",
    "input": "We believe AEP is the best-positioned transmission developer in the U.S., given its large transmission footprint and history of execution.",
    "output": "[Cause] its large transmission footprint and history of execution [Relation] cause [Effect] AEP is the best-positioned transmission developer in the U.S.",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] categorical exclusivity [Relation] prevent [Effect] direct competitors from tapping the same master franchisee pool",
    "input": "The best operators boast a better understanding of local tastes and customs, often feature relevant real estate, legal, or supply chain expertise, and are generally willing to adopt sister brands, while categorical exclusivity prevents direct competitors from tapping the same master franchisee pool.",
    "output": "[Cause] The best operators [Relation] enable [Effect] a better understanding of local tastes and customs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a better understanding of local tastes and customs, often feature relevant real estate, legal, or supply chain expertise, and are generally willing to adopt sister brands [Relation] enable [Effect] The best operators",
    "input": "The best operators boast a better understanding of local tastes and customs, often feature relevant real estate, legal, or supply chain expertise, and are generally willing to adopt sister brands, while categorical exclusivity prevents direct competitors from tapping the same master franchisee pool.",
    "output": "[Cause] categorical exclusivity [Relation] prevent [Effect] direct competitors from tapping the same master franchisee pool",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Further sluggishness at the start of fiscal 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic caused revenue to fall another 5% in fiscal 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] a snap back in chip orders with revenue rising 18.5% in fiscal 2021, 4% in fiscal 2022",
    "input": "Further sluggishness at the start of fiscal 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic caused revenue to fall another 5% in fiscal 2020.We anticipate a snap back in chip orders with revenue rising 18.5% in fiscal 2021, 4% in fiscal 2022 and growing at an average midcycle rate of 6% thereafter.",
    "output": "[Cause] Further sluggishness at the start of fiscal 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue to fall another 5% in fiscal 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Further sluggishness at the start of fiscal 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic caused revenue to fall another 5% in fiscal 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] growing at an average midcycle rate of 6% thereafter",
    "input": "Further sluggishness at the start of fiscal 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic caused revenue to fall another 5% in fiscal 2020.We anticipate a snap back in chip orders with revenue rising 18.5% in fiscal 2021, 4% in fiscal 2022 and growing at an average midcycle rate of 6% thereafter.",
    "output": "[Cause] Further sluggishness at the start of fiscal 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue to fall another 5% in fiscal 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] revenue rising 18.5% in fiscal 2021, 4% in fiscal 2022 [Relation] cause [Effect] a snap back in chip orders",
    "input": "Further sluggishness at the start of fiscal 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic caused revenue to fall another 5% in fiscal 2020.We anticipate a snap back in chip orders with revenue rising 18.5% in fiscal 2021, 4% in fiscal 2022 and growing at an average midcycle rate of 6% thereafter.",
    "output": "[Cause] Further sluggishness at the start of fiscal 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue to fall another 5% in fiscal 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ADM has high fixed costs in its ag services business [Relation] cause [Effect]  the company is at risk for a significant profit drop should there be a bad harvest in any of its key regions including the U.S",
    "input": "As ADM has high fixed costs in its ag services business, the company is at risk for a significant profit drop should there be a bad harvest in any of its key regions including the U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] ADM has high fixed costs in its ag services business [Relation] cause [Effect] the company is at risk for a significant profit drop should there be a bad harvest in any of its key regions including the U.S",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] they attempt to gain share with a modestly differentiated product in a rapidly maturing market [Relation] cause [Effect]  entrants then face steep customer acquisition costs and startup losses",
    "input": "Assuming successful network construction, entrants then face steep customer acquisition costs and startup losses as they attempt to gain share with a modestly differentiated product in a rapidly maturing market.",
    "output": "[Cause] they attempt to gain share with a modestly differentiated product in a rapidly maturing market [Relation] cause [Effect] entrants then face steep customer acquisition costs and startup losses",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Rollout of its omnichannel Digital One Stop process and the CarCash app [Relation] enable [Effect] consumers to shop digitally or in-store and helps Sonic procure more used-vehicle inventory",
    "input": "Rollout of its omnichannel Digital One Stop process and the CarCash app allows consumers to shop digitally or in-store and helps Sonic procure more used-vehicle inventory.",
    "output": "[Cause] Rollout of its omnichannel Digital One Stop process and the CarCash app [Relation] enable [Effect] allows consumers to shop digitally or in-store",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the wide selection of products to choose from and the smoother interoperability with other Synopsys tools [Relation] cause [Effect] customers are more likely than not to continue to utilize the firm's IP",
    "input": "Given the lower relative expense and the reliability factor (given Synopsys' brand and experience), customers are more likely than not to continue to utilize the firm's IP; the wide selection of products to choose from and the smoother interoperability with other Synopsys tools contribute to this.",
    "output": "[Cause] the wide selection of products to choose from and the smoother interoperability with other Synopsys tools [Relation] enable [Effect] customers are more likely than not to continue to utilize the firm's IP",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a disciplined pursuit over two decades [Relation] enable [Effect] Tenaris has established itself as the premier provider of oil country tubular goods, or OCTG, the steel tubing used to construct oil and gas wells",
    "input": "With a disciplined pursuit over two decades, Tenaris has established itself as the premier provider of oil country tubular goods, or OCTG, the steel tubing used to construct oil and gas wells.",
    "output": "[Cause] a disciplined pursuit over two decades [Relation] enable [Effect] Tenaris has established itself as the premier provider of oil country tubular goods, or OCTG, the steel tubing used to construct oil and gas wells",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Carnival was already facing pricing headwinds, with weak performance across European geographies, when the global spread of COVID-19 exacerbated its plight [Relation] cause [Effect] 2020 was even more difficult to navigate than past recessions, as ships largely stopped sailing after March (with limited capacity in Europe)",
    "input": "Carnival was already facing pricing headwinds, with weak performance across European geographies, when the global spread of COVID-19 exacerbated its plight. As a result, 2020 was even more difficult to navigate than past recessions, as ships largely stopped sailing after March (with limited capacity in Europe).",
    "output": "[Cause] Carnival was already facing pricing headwinds, with weak performance across European geographies, when the global spread of COVID-19 exacerbated its plight [Relation] cause [Effect] 2020 was even more difficult to navigate than past recessions, as ships largely stopped sailing after March (with limited capacity in Europe)",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] while intellectual property [Relation] enable [Effect] supports the brand image with strong product execution, especially in powertrains",
    "input": "Brand strength has enabled premium pricing across all of BMW's products, while intellectual property supports the brand image with strong product execution, especially in powertrains.",
    "output": "[Cause] strong product execution [Relation] enable [Effect] the brand image",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Shaw's relatively very small wireless business (only 4%-5% of total Canadian subscribers, based on our estimates), the complete lack of wireline footprint overlap, and the combined firm's commitment to accelerate 5G spending and invest in bringing high-speed broadband to underserved areas [Relation] cause [Effect] approval",
    "input": "Ultimately, however, we believe Shaw's relatively very small wireless business (only 4%-5% of total Canadian subscribers, based on our estimates), the complete lack of wireline footprint overlap, and the combined firm's commitment to accelerate 5G spending and invest in bringing high-speed broadband to underserved areas will lead to approval.",
    "output": "[Cause] Shaw's relatively very small wireless business (only 4%-5% of total Canadian subscribers, based on our estimates), the complete lack of wireline footprint overlap, and the combined firm's commitment to accelerate 5G spending and invest in bringing high-speed broadband to underserved areas [Relation] enable [Effect] approval",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] reduce our estimates [Relation] enable [Effect] account for weakness in Brazil and other Latin American countries operations",
    "input": "After the first half of the year results, which came below our expectations, we reduce our estimates to account for weakness in Brazil and other Latin American countries operations.",
    "output": "[Cause] the first half of the year results, which came below our expectations [Relation] cause [Effect] we reduce our estimates to account for weakness in Brazil and other Latin American countries operations",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the increasing awareness of the importance of software security in chips and applications [Relation] cause [Effect] total revenue surpassing $700 million in fiscal 2025",
    "input": "We also expect the increasing awareness of the importance of software security in chips and applications to propel mid- to high-teens growth for Synopsys' newer software integrity segment, with total revenue surpassing $700 million in fiscal 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] the increasing awareness of the importance of software security in chips and applications [Relation] enable [Effect] propel mid- to high-teens growth for Synopsys' newer software integrity segment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] cost leverage and procurement strength [Relation] enable [Effect] the traffic-driving values that Costco offers in its stores",
    "input": "We suspect that the traffic-driving values that Costco offers in its stores are fueled by cost leverage and procurement strength that, in turn, feeds additional store visits.",
    "output": "[Cause] cost leverage and procurement strength [Relation] cause [Effect] the traffic-driving values that Costco offers in its stores",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] cost leverage and procurement strength [Relation] enable [Effect] feeds additional store visits",
    "input": "We suspect that the traffic-driving values that Costco offers in its stores are fueled by cost leverage and procurement strength that, in turn, feeds additional store visits.",
    "output": "[Cause] cost leverage and procurement strength [Relation] enable [Effect] the traffic-driving values",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  moderate changes [Relation] enable [Effect]  an outsize effect on earnings",
    "input": "Given the high degree of operating leverage in the company's business, moderate changes in revenue can have an outsize effect on earnings.",
    "output": "[Cause] the high degree of operating leverage in the company's business [Relation] cause [Effect] moderate changes in revenue",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] any evidence that an alternative oximeter performs comparably [Relation] cause [Effect] lower rates of contract renewals and force Masimo into a pricing war to keep customers",
    "input": "Still, any evidence that an alternative oximeter performs comparably could lead to lower rates of contract renewals and force Masimo into a pricing war to keep customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] any evidence that an alternative oximeter performs comparably [Relation] cause [Effect] lower rates of contract renewals and force Masimo into a pricing war to keep customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] a pronounced impact on global travel demand",
    "input": "COVID-19 had a pronounced impact on global travel demand, causing Las Vegas Sands' total 2020 revenue to decline 74%.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] a pronounced impact on global travel demand",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consumers' proclivity for personal and home cleaning and health-related fare [Relation] cause [Effect] P&G's mix of essential, trusted items are being propped up at present by the pandemic",
    "input": "We acknowledge that P&G's mix of essential, trusted items are being propped up at present by the pandemic, with consumers' proclivity for personal and home cleaning and health-related fare.",
    "output": "[Cause] P&G's mix of essential, trusted items are being propped up at present by the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] consumers' proclivity for personal and home cleaning and health-related fare",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The Core-Mark acquisition will materially add to sales in 2022 and 2023 [Relation] cause [Effect]  a 1% contribution from small tuck-in acquisitions in 2024 and beyond",
    "input": "The Core-Mark acquisition will materially add to sales in 2022 and 2023, and we assume a 1% contribution from small tuck-in acquisitions in 2024 and beyond.",
    "output": "[Cause] The Core-Mark acquisition [Relation] enable [Effect] materially add to sales in 2022 and 2023",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Many companies are also placing increasing importance on chip customization as a point of differentiation [Relation] enable [Effect] provided a boon for Cadence, as the firm's tools are essential for designers needing to keep pace with growing demands",
    "input": "Many companies are also placing increasing importance on chip customization as a point of differentiation. These trends have provided a boon for Cadence, as the firm's tools are essential for designers needing to keep pace with growing demands.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm's tools are essential for designers needing to keep pace with growing demands [Relation] cause [Effect] Many companies are also placing increasing importance on chip customization as a point of differentiation",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] potential emissions regulations [Relation] cause [Effect]  disproportionately affect Eastman",
    "input": "The company produces chemicals from high-sulfur coal, which expose it to potential emissions regulations that could disproportionately affect Eastman over other chemicals producers that use only natural gas.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company produces chemicals from high-sulfur coal [Relation] cause [Effect] expose it to potential emissions regulations",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] lockdowns are extended, or if the consumer is slow to return to the on trade [Relation] cause [Effect] margins may remain depressed for an extended period of time",
    "input": "If lockdowns are extended, or if the consumer is slow to return to the on trade, margins may remain depressed for an extended period of time.",
    "output": "[Cause] lockdowns are extended, or if the consumer is slow to return to the on trade [Relation] cause [Effect] margins may remain depressed for an extended period of time",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company's two core products are Munis, which is the core ERP system, and Odyssey, which is the court management system [Relation] enable [Effect]  normal operations of governmental units, including financial management, human resources, revenue management, tax billing, and asset management",
    "input": "The company's two core products are Munis, which is the core ERP system, and Odyssey, which is the court management system. These systems enable normal operations of governmental units, including financial management, human resources, revenue management, tax billing, and asset management.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company's two core products are Munis, which is the core ERP system, and Odyssey, which is the court management system [Relation] enable [Effect] normal operations of governmental units, including financial management, human resources, revenue management, tax billing, and asset management",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it recovers from a 13% sales decline in fiscal 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] We are raising our fair value estimate on Urban Outfitters to $31 per share from",
    "input": "We are raising our fair value estimate on Urban Outfitters to $31 per share from $29 as it recovers from a 13% sales decline in fiscal 2021 due to the pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] it recovers from a 13% sales decline in fiscal 2021",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Carnival to see modest pricing pressure [Relation] cause [Effect] entice cruisers back onto the product after COVID-19 subsides",
    "input": "On the yield side, we expect Carnival to see modest pricing pressure to entice cruisers back onto the product after COVID-19 subsides (mitigated somewhat by lower total capacity as older ships are scrapped or sold).",
    "output": "[Cause] lower total capacity [Relation] cause [Effect] Carnival to see modest pricing pressure",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its R&amp;D efforts and technical know-how [Relation] enable [Effect] Honeywell has virtually shut out other competitors in awarded contracts for avionics (aviation electronics), auxiliary power units, and mechanical systems (for example landing gear) since 2013",
    "input": "Because of its R&amp;D efforts and technical know-how, Honeywell has virtually shut out other competitors in awarded contracts for avionics (aviation electronics), auxiliary power units, and mechanical systems (for example landing gear) since 2013.",
    "output": "[Cause] its R&amp;D efforts and technical know-how [Relation] enable [Effect] Honeywell has virtually shut out other competitors in awarded contracts for avionics (aviation electronics), auxiliary power units, and mechanical systems (for example landing gear) since 2013",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the increased demand has allowed the company to construct speculative developments [Relation] cause [Effect] higher margins, albeit with more risk",
    "input": "The good news is that, on average, e-commerce warehousing requires about three times more space as traditional warehousing, so the increased demand has allowed the company to construct speculative developments, which often carry higher margins, albeit with more risk.",
    "output": "[Cause] e-commerce warehousing requires about three times more space [Relation] enable [Effect] the company to construct speculative developments",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] government revised existing oil and gas laws [Relation] cause [Effect] The E&amp;P business also faced new challenges",
    "input": "The E&amp;P business also faced new challenges as the government revised existing oil and gas laws so that Petrobras would have to participate in future offshore licenses at less attractive financial terms.",
    "output": "[Cause] the government revised existing oil and gas laws [Relation] cause [Effect] Petrobras would have to participate in future offshore licenses at less attractive financial terms",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the ability to consistently price above the rate of volume declines [Relation] enable [Effect] Altria can continue to increase its revenue, earnings, and dividend",
    "input": "However, the ability to consistently price above the rate of volume declines should ensure that Altria can continue to increase its revenue, earnings, and dividend.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ability to consistently price above the rate of volume declines [Relation] enable [Effect] Altria can continue to increase its revenue, earnings, and dividend",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Limited exposure to the retail market (27% of AUM) and broader geographic exposure [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm better positioned than some of its peers",
    "input": "Limited exposure to the retail market (27% of AUM) and broader geographic exposure also leave the firm better positioned than some of its peers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Limited exposure to the retail market (27% of AUM) and broader geographic exposure [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm better positioned than some of its peers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the industry should eventually recover from the impact of the virus, supply will likely fall below the historical average in the coming years, and the demographic boon will create a massive spike in demand for senior housing. [Relation] enable [Effect] we remain optimistic about the sector's longer-term prospects given",
    "input": "However, we remain optimistic about the sector's longer-term prospects given that the industry should eventually recover from the impact of the virus, supply will likely fall below the historical average in the coming years, and the demographic boon will create a massive spike in demand for senior housing.",
    "output": "[Cause] the industry should eventually recover from the impact of the virus [Relation] cause [Effect] supply will likely fall below the historical average in the coming years",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Republic has a large amount of goodwill on its balance sheet from its 2008 merger with Allied Waste [Relation] cause [Effect] a relatively narrow spread between the firm's return on invested capital and its cost of capital",
    "input": "Republic has a large amount of goodwill on its balance sheet from its 2008 merger with Allied Waste, and this dynamic has resulted in a relatively narrow spread between the firm's return on invested capital and its cost of capital.",
    "output": "[Cause] Republic has a large amount of goodwill on its balance sheet from its 2008 merger with Allied Waste [Relation] cause [Effect] a relatively narrow spread between the firm's return on invested capital and its cost of capital",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] For instance, in 2018, the Brazilian real's strong depreciation to the euro caused a negative exchange rate effect of 16% [Relation] cause [Effect] despite a stable organic revenues year on year in the Brazilian market, the reported revenue generated in Brazil decreased by 15.8% over 2017",
    "input": "For instance, in 2018, the Brazilian real's strong depreciation to the euro caused a negative exchange rate effect of 16%. As a result, despite a stable organic revenues year on year in the Brazilian market, the reported revenue generated in Brazil decreased by 15.8% over 2017.",
    "output": "[Cause] the Brazilian real's strong depreciation to the euro [Relation] cause [Effect] a negative exchange rate effect of 16%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] Hasbro still faces some risk",
    "input": "Over the near term, Hasbro still faces some risk surrounding COVID-19 (supply chain and production delays if further closures ensue).",
    "output": "[Cause] further closures ensue [Relation] cause [Effect] Hasbro still faces some risk surrounding COVID-19",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] These advantages manifest themselves in the form of lower operating costs, lower credit costs, lower regulatory costs, and lower absolute levels and better diversification of risk [Relation] enable [Effect] the banks to achieve greater risk-adjusted returns",
    "input": "These advantages manifest themselves in the form of lower operating costs, lower credit costs, lower regulatory costs, and lower absolute levels and better diversification of risk, all of which allow the banks to achieve greater risk-adjusted returns.",
    "output": "[Cause] These advantages manifest themselves in the form of lower operating costs, lower credit costs, lower regulatory costs, and lower absolute levels and better diversification of risk [Relation] enable [Effect] the banks to achieve greater risk-adjusted returns",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a drug's key patents expire [Relation] cause [Effect] generic manufacturers often seek to utilize the same production methods that were used by the branded manufacturer to reduce product variability",
    "input": "Also, once a drug's key patents expire, generic manufacturers often seek to utilize the same production methods that were used by the branded manufacturer to reduce product variability, and that adoption by generic manufacturers can create an even longer benefit period for Agilent on a specific molecule.",
    "output": "[Cause] a drug's key patents expire [Relation] cause [Effect] generic manufacturers often seek to utilize the same production methods that were used by the branded manufacturer to reduce product variability",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] adoption by generic manufacturers [Relation] cause [Effect] create an even longer benefit period for Agilent on a specific molecule",
    "input": "Also, once a drug's key patents expire, generic manufacturers often seek to utilize the same production methods that were used by the branded manufacturer to reduce product variability, and that adoption by generic manufacturers can create an even longer benefit period for Agilent on a specific molecule.",
    "output": "[Cause] a drug's key patents expire [Relation] cause [Effect] create an even longer benefit period for Agilent on a specific molecule",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the service business backed by a major national brand, as the commercial business coming from Interline and HD Supply [Relation] enable [Effect] build brand loyalty and keep consumers returning to a trusted source",
    "input": "Additionally, the service business backed by a major national brand, as the commercial business coming from Interline and HD Supply could build brand loyalty and keep consumers returning to a trusted source, something that could be hard to duplicate for a new entrant.",
    "output": "[Cause] the commercial business coming from Interline and HD Supply could build brand loyalty and keep consumers returning to a trusted source [Relation] cause [Effect] the service business backed by a major national brand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the entertainment and enterprise businesses shrinking [Relation] enable [Effect]  consolidated revenue growth of less than 2% annually over the next five years",
    "input": "With the entertainment and enterprise businesses shrinking, we expect consolidated revenue growth of less than 2% annually over the next five years.",
    "output": "[Cause] the entertainment and enterprise businesses shrinking [Relation] cause [Effect] consolidated revenue growth of less than 2% annually over the next five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 pandemic-related margin pressures to abate in 2021 and ramp further heading into 2022 [Relation] cause [Effect] consolidated operating margins will average 3.3% for the next four years (2021-24)",
    "input": "We estimate consolidated operating margins will average 3.3% for the next four years (2021-24) as we expect COVID-19 pandemic-related margin pressures to abate in 2021 and ramp further heading into 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19 pandemic-related margin pressures to abate in 2021 and ramp further heading into 2022 [Relation] cause [Effect] consolidated operating margins will average 3.3% for the next four years (2021-24)",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  networks expand operations and increase wireless access points [Relation] cause [Effect] Cisco's wireless products can become more deeply ingrained in a customer's network",
    "input": "As networks expand operations and increase wireless access points, Cisco's wireless products can become more deeply ingrained in a customer's network.",
    "output": "[Cause] networks expand operations and increase wireless access points [Relation] enable [Effect] Cisco's wireless products can become more deeply ingrained in a customer's network",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it will likely follow peers in announcing an acceleration in the timing and increase in the amount of its renewable energy investments [Relation] enable [Effect] it pursues its emission intensity targets",
    "input": "This suggests it will likely follow peers in announcing an acceleration in the timing and increase in the amount of its renewable energy investments as it pursues its emission intensity targets.",
    "output": "[Cause] it pursues its emission intensity targets [Relation] cause [Effect] it will likely follow peers in announcing an acceleration in the timing and increase in the amount of its renewable energy investments",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  huge gains in non-interest-bearing deposits and its slightly lower-than-average cost of interest-bearing deposits [Relation] cause [Effect] Zions' interest expense relative to total deposits has improved substantially relative to peers over the past cycle",
    "input": "Zions' interest expense relative to total deposits has improved substantially relative to peers over the past cycle, largely driven by huge gains in non-interest-bearing deposits and its slightly lower-than-average cost of interest-bearing deposits.",
    "output": "[Cause] huge gains in non-interest-bearing deposits and its slightly lower-than-average cost of interest-bearing deposits [Relation] enable [Effect] Zions' interest expense relative to total deposits has improved substantially relative to peers over the past cycle",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the reopening of venues in 2021 and pent-up demand for fans and artists [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm reach its 2019 revenue level by 2022",
    "input": "While 2020 was a challenging year, we expect that the reopening of venues in 2021 and pent-up demand for fans and artists will help the firm reach its 2019 revenue level by 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] the reopening of venues in 2021 and pent-up demand for fans and artists [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm reach its 2019 revenue level by 2022",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  consumer SSDs have come close enough to cost parity to establish mainstream crossover [Relation] cause [Effect] Seagate's consumer HDD revenue has been declining in the high-teens over the past several years",
    "input": "Seagate's consumer HDD revenue has been declining in the high-teens over the past several years as consumer SSDs have come close enough to cost parity to establish mainstream crossover.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumer SSDs have come close enough to cost parity to establish mainstream crossover [Relation] cause [Effect] Seagate's consumer HDD revenue has been declining in the high-teens over the past several years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] enables developers to integrate communications capabilities such as messaging, voice, and video into client-facing products, [Relation] enable [Effect]  helping businesses strengthen customer engagement worldwide.",
    "input": "Twilio is a leading communications platform as a service, or cPaaS, firm that enables developers to integrate communications capabilities such as messaging, voice, and video into client-facing products, thus helping businesses strengthen customer engagement worldwide.",
    "output": "[Cause] Twilio is a leading communications platform as a service, or cPaaS, firm [Relation] enable [Effect] developers to integrate communications capabilities such as messaging, voice, and video into client-facing products, thus helping businesses strengthen customer engagement worldwide",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Its product portfolio is protected by patents that last 20 years [Relation] enable [Effect] PerkinElmer to strengthen its position in emerging markets",
    "input": "Its product portfolio is protected by patents that last 20 years and enables PerkinElmer to strengthen its position in emerging markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] Its product portfolio is protected by patents that last 20 years [Relation] enable [Effect] PerkinElmer to strengthen its position in emerging markets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] CROs use their expertise in trial design and execution to balance quick trial starts with statistically significant results [Relation] enable [Effect] their biotech and pharma clients to focus on their core competencies of drug discovery and commercialization",
    "input": "CROs use their expertise in trial design and execution to balance quick trial starts with statistically significant results, allowing their biotech and pharma clients to focus on their core competencies of drug discovery and commercialization.",
    "output": "[Cause] CROs use their expertise in trial design and execution to balance quick trial starts with statistically significant results [Relation] enable [Effect] their biotech and pharma clients to focus on their core competencies of drug discovery and commercialization",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A new wave of high-margin projects combined with reduced capital spending [Relation] enable [Effect]  bolster free cash flow growth and improve returns",
    "input": "A new wave of high-margin projects combined with reduced capital spending should bolster free cash flow growth and improve returns.",
    "output": "[Cause] A new wave of high-margin projects combined with reduced capital spending [Relation] enable [Effect] bolster free cash flow growth and improve returns",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] project work in the repair and remodel market is typically less cyclical with higher profit margins compared with new construction projects (RMI projects are usually smaller and nondiscretionary) [Relation] cause [Effect] Ferguson's RMI exposure should support future revenue stability and margin expansion opportunities",
    "input": "Ferguson's RMI exposure should support future revenue stability and margin expansion opportunities as project work in the repair and remodel market is typically less cyclical with higher profit margins compared with new construction projects (RMI projects are usually smaller and nondiscretionary).",
    "output": "[Cause] project work in the repair and remodel market is typically less cyclical with higher profit margins compared with new construction projects (RMI projects are usually smaller and nondiscretionary) [Relation] enable [Effect] Ferguson's RMI exposure should support future revenue stability and margin expansion opportunities",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] uncertainty over future advertising growth rates and additional regulations restricting Facebook's access to and use of data [Relation] cause [Effect] growth in the firm's source of revenue",
    "input": "Our fair value uncertainty rating for Facebook is high, based on uncertainty over future advertising growth rates and additional regulations restricting Facebook's access to and use of data, both of which drive growth in the firm's source of revenue.",
    "output": "[Cause] uncertainty over future advertising growth rates and additional regulations restricting Facebook's access to and use of data [Relation] cause [Effect] Our fair value uncertainty rating for Facebook is high",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] uncertainty over future advertising growth rates and additional regulations restricting Facebook's access to and use of data [Relation] cause [Effect] Our fair value uncertainty rating for Facebook is high",
    "input": "Our fair value uncertainty rating for Facebook is high, based on uncertainty over future advertising growth rates and additional regulations restricting Facebook's access to and use of data, both of which drive growth in the firm's source of revenue.",
    "output": "[Cause] uncertainty over future advertising growth rates and additional regulations restricting Facebook's access to and use of data [Relation] cause [Effect] growth in the firm's source of revenue",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it takes time to adjust fuel surcharge programs to shippers [Relation] cause [Effect] asset-based truckers often see temporary margin benefits during periods of rapid fuel price declines",
    "input": "That said, asset-based truckers often see temporary margin benefits during periods of rapid fuel price declines, as it takes time to adjust fuel surcharge programs to shippers.",
    "output": "[Cause] it takes time to adjust fuel surcharge programs to shippers [Relation] cause [Effect] asset-based truckers often see temporary margin benefits during periods of rapid fuel price declines",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the Medicare for All scenario debated in the Democratic primaries called for the elimination of the private insurance industry [Relation] cause [Effect] threatened much of the company's operations",
    "input": "For example, the Medicare for All scenario debated in the Democratic primaries called for the elimination of the private insurance industry, which would have threatened much of the company's operations.",
    "output": "[Cause] the Medicare for All scenario debated in the Democratic primaries called for the elimination of the private insurance industry [Relation] cause [Effect] threatened much of the company's operations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a chip is designed into a device [Relation] prevent [Effect] swapped out",
    "input": "Similarly, once a chip is designed into a device, it is rarely swapped out, particularly in cases where parts need to be qualified to meet strict specifications.",
    "output": "[Cause] parts need to be qualified to meet strict specifications [Relation] cause [Effect] once a chip is designed into a device, it is rarely swapped out",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the tough comparison of fiscal 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margin contraction of 70 basis points",
    "input": "Over the next five years, we forecast operating margin contraction of 70 basis points, due to the tough comparison of fiscal 2021 that saw abnormal margins from COVID-19 tailwinds, including high employee utilization and offshore mix.",
    "output": "[Cause] the tough comparison of fiscal 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] abnormal margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 tailwinds [Relation] cause [Effect] abnormal margins",
    "input": "Over the next five years, we forecast operating margin contraction of 70 basis points, due to the tough comparison of fiscal 2021 that saw abnormal margins from COVID-19 tailwinds, including high employee utilization and offshore mix.",
    "output": "[Cause] the tough comparison of fiscal 2021 that saw abnormal margins from COVID-19 tailwinds [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margin contraction of 70 basis points",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] high employee utilization and offshore mix [Relation] cause [Effect] abnormal margins",
    "input": "Over the next five years, we forecast operating margin contraction of 70 basis points, due to the tough comparison of fiscal 2021 that saw abnormal margins from COVID-19 tailwinds, including high employee utilization and offshore mix.",
    "output": "[Cause] the tough comparison of fiscal 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margin contraction of 70 basis points",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the reinvestment needs of the business will offset its inherent scalability for the foreseeable future [Relation] prevent [Effect]  much underlying margin improvement",
    "input": "Excluding those factors, we don't expect much underlying margin improvement, as we believe the reinvestment needs of the business will offset its inherent scalability for the foreseeable future.",
    "output": "[Cause] the reinvestment needs of the business [Relation] prevent [Effect] its inherent scalability for the foreseeable future",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Grifols is unable to bring an IG product to market with higher pricing power [Relation] cause [Effect]  it could lose market share",
    "input": "If Grifols is unable to bring an IG product to market with higher pricing power (like Takeda's HyQvia or CSL's Hizentra), it could lose market share.",
    "output": "[Cause] Grifols is unable to bring an IG product to market with higher pricing power [Relation] cause [Effect] it could lose market share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm is one of the biggest Internet transit providers in the world and runs corporate networks [Relation] cause [Effect] individuals' and corporations' most sensitive information in its care",
    "input": "In our view, Cogent's biggest ESG risk is that of a data or security breach, given the firm is one of the biggest Internet transit providers in the world and runs corporate networks, resulting in individuals' and corporations' most sensitive information in its care.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm is one of the biggest Internet transit providers in the world and runs corporate networks [Relation] cause [Effect] individuals' and corporations' most sensitive information in its care",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] individuals' and corporations' most sensitive information in its care [Relation] cause [Effect] Cogent's biggest ESG risk is that of a data or security breach",
    "input": "In our view, Cogent's biggest ESG risk is that of a data or security breach, given the firm is one of the biggest Internet transit providers in the world and runs corporate networks, resulting in individuals' and corporations' most sensitive information in its care.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm is one of the biggest Internet transit providers in the world and runs corporate networks [Relation] cause [Effect] resulting in individuals' and corporations' most sensitive information in its care",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm is an acquisitive holding company that targets firms that produce proprietary aircraft components with high aftermarket content [Relation] enable [Effect] benefiting from razor-and-blade business models",
    "input": "Broadly, the firm is an acquisitive holding company that targets firms that produce proprietary aircraft components with high aftermarket content, thus benefiting from razor-and-blade business models.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm is an acquisitive holding company [Relation] enable [Effect] targets firms that produce proprietary aircraft components with high aftermarket content",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The industry is already full of strong competition [Relation] enable [Effect]  it is nearly impossible for one firm to gain a sustainable advantage",
    "input": "The industry is already full of strong competition, so it is nearly impossible for one firm to gain a sustainable advantage.",
    "output": "[Cause] The industry is already full of strong competition [Relation] cause [Effect] it is nearly impossible for one firm to gain a sustainable advantage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its gross margins (currently about 73%) have been consistently higher than those of Michael Kors [Relation] cause [Effect] Coach's superior pricing power",
    "input": "As evidence of Coach's superior pricing power, its gross margins (currently about 73%) have been consistently higher than those of Michael Kors (currently about 63%).",
    "output": "[Cause] As evidence of Coach's superior pricing power [Relation] enable [Effect] its gross margins (currently about 73%) have been consistently higher than those of Michael Kors (currently about 63%)",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the short-term nature of these leases and the growing demand for self-storage space [Relation] cause [Effect] management had been able to achieve material rent increases from new and existing tenants prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus",
    "input": "Given the short-term nature of these leases and the growing demand for self-storage space, management had been able to achieve material rent increases from new and existing tenants prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus.",
    "output": "[Cause] the short-term nature of these leases and the growing demand for self-storage space [Relation] cause [Effect] management had been able to achieve material rent increases from new and existing tenants prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Avnet's expanding customer base of small to midsize electronic equipment manufacturers [Relation] enable [Effect] the components distribution business to be less volatile than the broader semiconductor industry",
    "input": "We also expect the components distribution business to be less volatile than the broader semiconductor industry, owing to Avnet's expanding customer base of small to midsize electronic equipment manufacturers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Avnet's expanding customer base of small to midsize electronic equipment manufacturers [Relation] cause [Effect] the components distribution business to be less volatile than the broader semiconductor industry",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the market bounces back from the pandemic [Relation] enable [Effect] revenue will increase about 5% annually through 2025, with growth higher over the next three years",
    "input": "In total, we expect revenue will increase about 5% annually through 2025, with growth higher over the next three years as the market bounces back from the pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the market bounces back from the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue will increase about 5% annually through 2025, with growth higher over the next three years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] automaker customers focus on reducing vehicle emissions and launch electrified vehicle models [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue to grow at an organic 5% annualized rate over our five-year forecast period",
    "input": "We expect revenue to grow at an organic 5% annualized rate over our five-year forecast period as automaker customers focus on reducing vehicle emissions and launch electrified vehicle models.",
    "output": "[Cause] automaker customers focus on reducing vehicle emissions and launch electrified vehicle models [Relation] cause [Effect] revenue to grow at an organic 5% annualized rate over our five-year forecast period",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] acquiring Dragon Innovation and Hackster.io, and by securing a partnership with Kickstarter [Relation] cause [Effect] the growing \"\"\"\"maker\"\"\"\" market",
    "input": "Avnet has made similar moves to address the growing \"\"\"\"maker\"\"\"\" market by acquiring Dragon Innovation and Hackster.io, and by securing a partnership with Kickstarter.",
    "output": "[Cause] acquiring Dragon Innovation and Hackster.io, and by securing a partnership with Kickstarter [Relation] enable [Effect] Avnet has made similar moves to address the growing \"\"\"\"maker\"\"\"\"\"\"\" market",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] building a fleet of rigs optimal for the efficient horizontal drilling [Relation] enable [Effect]  offers the best economics for oil and gas producers",
    "input": "By building a fleet of rigs optimal for the efficient horizontal drilling that offers the best economics for oil and gas producers, H&P has positioned itself on the leading edge of industry trends.",
    "output": "[Cause] building a fleet of rigs optimal for the efficient horizontal drilling [Relation] enable [Effect] offers the best economics for oil and gas producers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  offers the best economics for oil and gas producers [Relation] cause [Effect] H&P has positioned itself on the leading edge of industry trends",
    "input": "By building a fleet of rigs optimal for the efficient horizontal drilling that offers the best economics for oil and gas producers, H&P has positioned itself on the leading edge of industry trends.",
    "output": "[Cause] building a fleet of rigs optimal for the efficient horizontal drilling [Relation] enable [Effect] offers the best economics for oil and gas producers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Customer service [Relation] enable [Effect] driving revenue",
    "input": "Customer service is another mission-critical function that directly helps a company attract and retain customers and therefore also is associated with driving revenue.",
    "output": "[Cause] Customer service [Relation] enable [Effect] helps a company attract and retain customers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] directly helps a company attract and retain customers [Relation] cause [Effect] Customer service is another mission-critical function",
    "input": "Customer service is another mission-critical function that directly helps a company attract and retain customers and therefore also is associated with driving revenue.",
    "output": "[Cause] Customer service [Relation] enable [Effect] driving revenue",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Oneok's exposure is less than $50 million in EBITDA in 2021 (assuming an April shutdown) [Relation] cause [Effect] perhaps up to $75 million annually",
    "input": "If DAPL were to shut down permanently (we estimate a 50% probability this could occur), Oneok's exposure is less than $50 million in EBITDA in 2021 (assuming an April shutdown), so perhaps up to $75 million annually.",
    "output": "[Cause] DAPL were to shut down permanently [Relation] cause [Effect] up to $75 million annually",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] this business derives more than half of its sales from washroom products in offices and travel locations that continue to suffer from low traffic [Relation] cause [Effect] concerns surrounding COVID-19 have plagued its professional segment prospects (with underlying sales that slumped 6% in fiscal 2020)",
    "input": "For one, concerns surrounding COVID-19 have plagued its professional segment prospects (with underlying sales that slumped 6% in fiscal 2020), as this business derives more than half of its sales from washroom products in offices and travel locations that continue to suffer from low traffic.",
    "output": "[Cause] concerns surrounding COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] plagued its professional segment prospects",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ING's other operations, outside of its German business [Relation] prevent [Effect]  overall profitability",
    "input": "ING's other operations, outside of its German business, does detract somewhat from overall profitability, ING has generated a consolidated average ROE of 11% over the last three years.",
    "output": "[Cause] ING's other operations, outside of its German business [Relation] prevent [Effect] overall profitability",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the fallout from the bribery scandal [Relation] cause [Effect] no increase is expected in 2021",
    "input": "The dividend increase in the first quarter of 2020 was only 2.6%, and no increase is expected in 2021 due to the fallout from the bribery scandal.",
    "output": "[Cause] the fallout from the bribery scandal [Relation] cause [Effect] The dividend increase in the first quarter of 2020 was only 2.6%",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher inflation [Relation] prevent [Effect] earnings growth",
    "input": "Additionally, higher inflation could limit earnings growth since Mettler may find it difficult to pass along price increases to customers above the typical 2%-3% range.",
    "output": "[Cause] higher inflation [Relation] prevent [Effect] earnings growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Mettler may find it difficult to pass along price increases to customers above the typical 2%-3% range [Relation] cause [Effect] higher inflation could limit earnings growth",
    "input": "Additionally, higher inflation could limit earnings growth since Mettler may find it difficult to pass along price increases to customers above the typical 2%-3% range.",
    "output": "[Cause] Mettler may find it difficult to pass along price increases to customers above the typical 2%-3% range [Relation] cause [Effect] higher inflation could limit earnings growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it realizes operating leverage and synergies from the Anixter acquisition [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins will improve",
    "input": "As Wesco expands its top line, we expect operating margins will improve as it realizes operating leverage and synergies from the Anixter acquisition.",
    "output": "[Cause] Wesco expands its top line [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins will improve",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Wesco expands its top line [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins will improve",
    "input": "As Wesco expands its top line, we expect operating margins will improve as it realizes operating leverage and synergies from the Anixter acquisition.",
    "output": "[Cause] it realizes operating leverage and synergies from the Anixter acquisition [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins will improve",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the firm's SaaS-based offerings [Relation] cause [Effect] help grow the business' recurring revenue stream and increase customer stickiness in the long run",
    "input": "We see some evidence of customer switching costs as technicians become familiar with Matco's platform, and we expect the firm's SaaS-based offerings to help grow the business' recurring revenue stream and increase customer stickiness in the long run.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm's SaaS-based offerings [Relation] enable [Effect] help grow the business' recurring revenue stream and increase customer stickiness in the long run",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its broad array of end markets [Relation] enable [Effect]  it to grow the top line even in the midst of an individual market downturn",
    "input": "Amphenol competes against myriad competitors in the fragmented electrical component industry, but its broad array of end markets allows it to grow the top line even in the midst of an individual market downturn.",
    "output": "[Cause] its broad array of end markets [Relation] enable [Effect] it to grow the top line even in the midst of an individual market downturn",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] more customers use WeChat and mobile QQ, and as usage per customer increases [Relation] enable [Effect] The value of Tencent's network rises",
    "input": "The value of Tencent's network rises as more customers use WeChat and mobile QQ, and as usage per customer increases.",
    "output": "[Cause] more customers use WeChat and mobile QQ, and as usage per customer increases [Relation] enable [Effect] The value of Tencent's network rises",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a long-lasting downturn in online ad spending [Relation] cause [Effect] a negative impact on Alphabet's revenue and cash flow, resulting in a lower fair value estimate",
    "input": "While we remain confident that Google will maintain its dominant position in the search market, a long-lasting downturn in online ad spending could have a negative impact on Alphabet's revenue and cash flow, resulting in a lower fair value estimate.",
    "output": "[Cause] a long-lasting downturn in online ad spending [Relation] cause [Effect] have a negative impact on Alphabet's revenue and cash flow",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company's Cameron liquid natural gas export project came on line [Relation] enable [Effect] returns on invested capital to hover just above the firm's cost of capital",
    "input": "We expect returns on invested capital to hover just above the firm's cost of capital after the company's Cameron liquid natural gas export project came on line.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's Cameron liquid natural gas export project came on line [Relation] cause [Effect] returns on invested capital to hover just above the firm's cost of capital",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] human capital risk [Relation] cause [Effect] lost market share",
    "input": "The most significant ESG risk the firm faces is human capital risk; that is, the risk that Ferguson is unable to adequately recruit, train, and retain the talent needed to sell its products and services and manage its supply chain, which could lead to lost market share.",
    "output": "[Cause] the risk that Ferguson is unable to adequately recruit, train, and retain the talent needed to sell its products and services and manage its supply chain [Relation] cause [Effect] The most significant ESG risk the firm faces is human capital risk",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] recurring regulatory and manufacturing concerns [Relation] cause [Effect] a full import ban on new pump sales from 2013-15",
    "input": "We think Hospira's experience from 2010-15 is strong evidence of this dynamic--despite recurring regulatory and manufacturing concerns that resulted in a full import ban on new pump sales from 2013-15, and safety-related regulatory concerns like this are the firm's key environment, social, and governance risk.",
    "output": "[Cause] recurring regulatory and manufacturing concerns [Relation] cause [Effect] a full import ban on new pump sales from 2013-15",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the fast growth of natural and organic products [Relation] enable [Effect] creates potential for Hain to elevate its standing with retailers",
    "input": "While the fast growth of natural and organic products creates potential for Hain to elevate its standing with retailers, we believe its current market positions are too small for the company to be considered a strategically important partner at present.",
    "output": "[Cause] the fast growth of natural and organic products [Relation] enable [Effect] creates potential for Hain to elevate its standing with retailers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its current market positions are too small [Relation] prevent [Effect] the company to be considered a strategically important partner at present",
    "input": "While the fast growth of natural and organic products creates potential for Hain to elevate its standing with retailers, we believe its current market positions are too small for the company to be considered a strategically important partner at present.",
    "output": "[Cause] the fast growth of natural and organic products [Relation] cause [Effect] creates potential for Hain to elevate its standing with retailers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] [Relation] cause [Effect] depressed power prices weren't enough to deal with | management also has to navigate new carbon emission legislation",
    "input": "If depressed power prices weren't enough to deal with, management also has to navigate new carbon emission legislation that will phase out all coal-fired power plants in Alberta.",
    "output": "[Cause] depressed power prices [Relation] prevent [Effect] enough to deal with",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] has no NAND manufacturing capability [Relation] cause [Effect] Its acquisition of SanDisk sets it up better than competitor Seagate",
    "input": "Its acquisition of SanDisk sets it up better than competitor Seagate, which has no NAND manufacturing capability, but compared to the duopoly in HDD leadership, flash is a fragmented market.",
    "output": "[Cause] Its acquisition of SanDisk [Relation] enable [Effect] better than competitor Seagate",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Given its engineering teams already know the ins and outs of the products [Relation] cause [Effect] Amphenol is better suited to codevelop new technologies or accommodate modifications, adding greater value than a potential replacement",
    "input": "Given its engineering teams already know the ins and outs of the products (and may even be located on-site), Amphenol is better suited to codevelop new technologies or accommodate modifications, adding greater value than a potential replacement.",
    "output": "[Cause] its engineering teams already know the ins and outs of the products (and may even be located on-site) [Relation] cause [Effect] Amphenol is better suited to codevelop new technologies or accommodate modifications",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] working with cheaper tools [Relation] cause [Effect] headaches for technicians",
    "input": "We think working with cheaper tools can cause headaches for technicians, given the higher risk of breaks and the additional money needed to replace broken tools.",
    "output": "[Cause] the higher risk of breaks and the additional money needed to replace broken tools [Relation] cause [Effect] headaches for technicians",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] customers using non-Parker parts in any piece of equipment purchased from a distributor without the express permission of the company [Relation] prevent [Effect] equipment's warranty",
    "input": "Additionally, customers using non-Parker parts in any piece of equipment purchased from a distributor without the express permission of the company voids that equipment's warranty.",
    "output": "[Cause] customers using non-Parker parts in any piece of equipment purchased from a distributor without the express permission of the company [Relation] prevent [Effect] equipment's warranty",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] providing additional features and apps [Relation] enable [Effect] keep them engaged within the Facebook ecosystem",
    "input": "Facebook has increased users and user engagement by providing additional features and apps to keep them engaged within the Facebook ecosystem.",
    "output": "[Cause] Facebook has increased users and user engagement [Relation] enable [Effect] keeping them engaged within the Facebook ecosystem",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] providing additional features and apps [Relation] enable [Effect] Facebook has increased users and user engagement",
    "input": "Facebook has increased users and user engagement by providing additional features and apps to keep them engaged within the Facebook ecosystem.",
    "output": "[Cause] providing additional features and apps [Relation] enable [Effect] Facebook has increased users and user engagement",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Canon has developed a strong hook with customers on DSLR cameras [Relation] prevent [Effect] customers from choosing other brands when buying new products",
    "input": "On the other hand, we think Canon has developed a strong hook with customers on DSLR cameras, which prevents customers from choosing other brands when buying new products.",
    "output": "[Cause] Canon has developed a strong hook with customers on DSLR cameras [Relation] prevent [Effect] customers from choosing other brands when buying new products",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the combination of a DSLR camera and lenses produces the best-quality pictures [Relation] enable [Effect] solid demand for DSLRs will remain",
    "input": "While progress of smartphone cameras and the diffusion of high-end mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras is a threat to the business, we believe the combination of a DSLR camera and lenses produces the best-quality pictures, and thus solid demand for DSLRs will remain.",
    "output": "[Cause] the combination of a DSLR camera and lenses produces the best-quality pictures [Relation] cause [Effect] solid demand for DSLRs will remain",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its key customers are loath to switch service providers for large or ongoing contracts [Relation] cause [Effect]  Accenture benefits from high customer switching costs",
    "input": "We also believe Accenture benefits from high customer switching costs as its key customers are loath to switch service providers for large or ongoing contracts.",
    "output": "[Cause] its key customers are loath to switch service providers for large or ongoing contracts [Relation] cause [Effect] Accenture benefits from high customer switching costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] apps purchased on Google Play would have to be replicated on iOS [Relation] cause [Effect] Android may also benefit from switching costs",
    "input": "Android may also benefit from switching costs, as apps purchased on Google Play would have to be replicated on iOS, but we also do not see such costs as overwhelming.",
    "output": "[Cause] apps purchased on Google Play would have to be replicated on iOS [Relation] enable [Effect] Android may also benefit from switching costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  diesel engines experience much higher cylinder pressures [Relation] cause [Effect]  require beefed-up components",
    "input": "These benefits come at a cost because diesel engines experience much higher cylinder pressures than gasoline engines and therefore require beefed-up components, such as heavier engine blocks.",
    "output": "[Cause] diesel engines experience much higher cylinder pressures than gasoline engines [Relation] cause [Effect] These benefits come at a cost",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] factory shutdowns and dealer closures (due to COVID-19) as well as the push back of product launches until Spring 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] massive share erosion has occurred in 2020",
    "input": "However, massive share erosion has occurred in 2020, as a result of factory shutdowns and dealer closures (due to COVID-19) as well as the push back of product launches until Spring 2021.",
    "output": "[Cause] factory shutdowns and dealer closures (due to COVID-19) as well as the push back of product launches until Spring 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] massive share erosion has occurred in 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] innovative products can be scaled broadly [Relation] enable [Effect] maintain consumer awareness of its brands",
    "input": "The extensive bottling and distribution network yields symbiotic benefits to the firm's market share, as innovative products can be scaled broadly, helping to maintain consumer awareness of its brands.",
    "output": "[Cause] innovative products can be scaled broadly [Relation] enable [Effect] The extensive bottling and distribution network yields symbiotic benefits to the firm's market share",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The extensive bottling and distribution network [Relation] cause [Effect] symbiotic benefits to the firm's market share",
    "input": "The extensive bottling and distribution network yields symbiotic benefits to the firm's market share, as innovative products can be scaled broadly, helping to maintain consumer awareness of its brands.",
    "output": "[Cause] innovative products can be scaled broadly [Relation] enable [Effect] maintain consumer awareness of its brands",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Packaged-goods manufacturers have taken advantage of the recently benign commodity cost environment to lower prices in some markets [Relation] enable [Effect]  mitigate the loss of middle-market retailers to both discounters and high-end stores",
    "input": "Packaged-goods manufacturers have taken advantage of the recently benign commodity cost environment to lower prices in some markets, a strategy designed to help mitigate the loss of middle-market retailers to both discounters and high-end stores, but it has weighed on most manufacturers' organic growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] the recently benign commodity cost environment [Relation] enable [Effect] lower prices in some markets",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Packaged-goods manufacturers have taken advantage of the recently benign commodity cost environment to lower prices in some markets [Relation] prevent [Effect] most manufacturers' organic growth",
    "input": "Packaged-goods manufacturers have taken advantage of the recently benign commodity cost environment to lower prices in some markets, a strategy designed to help mitigate the loss of middle-market retailers to both discounters and high-end stores, but it has weighed on most manufacturers' organic growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] a strategy [Relation] enable [Effect] help mitigate the loss of middle-market retailers to both discounters and high-end stores",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] New Jersey subsidies [Relation] enable [Effect] stable margins",
    "input": "PSEG's nuclear fleet benefits from New Jersey subsidies that ensure stable margins as the state moves toward its 100% renewable energy goal by 2050.",
    "output": "[Cause] the state moves toward its 100% renewable energy goal by 2050 [Relation] cause [Effect] PSEG's nuclear fleet benefits from New Jersey subsidies",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Being a wealth management firm [Relation] cause [Effect] LPL has earnings that are highly exposed to changes in the stock market and interest rates",
    "input": "Being a wealth management firm, LPL has earnings that are highly exposed to changes in the stock market and interest rates.",
    "output": "[Cause] Being a wealth management firm [Relation] enable [Effect] LPL has earnings that are highly exposed to changes in the stock market and interest rates",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] more consumers consume JD's goods and services and JD's bargaining power against suppliers increases [Relation] cause [Effect] the gross margin to improve",
    "input": "But we expect the gross margin to improve as more consumers consume JD's goods and services and JD's bargaining power against suppliers increases.",
    "output": "[Cause] more consumers consume JD's goods and services and JD's bargaining power against suppliers increases [Relation] cause [Effect] the gross margin to improve",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a slowdown in the global economy [Relation] prevent [Effect] replacement and adoption rates for these recreational products",
    "input": "Additionally, boats are big-ticket items, and a slowdown in the global economy could hamper replacement and adoption rates for these recreational products.",
    "output": "[Cause] a slowdown in the global economy [Relation] prevent [Effect] replacement and adoption rates for these recreational products",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Sophisticated IT systems and market know-how [Relation] enable [Effect] outsource intermodal shipping to an expert specialist",
    "input": "Sophisticated IT systems and market know-how enable customers to outsource intermodal shipping to an expert specialist, while Hub's large volume of loads and significant control of containers make it an attractive customer to the Class I railroads.",
    "output": "[Cause] Sophisticated IT systems and market know-how [Relation] enable [Effect] outsource intermodal shipping to an expert specialist",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Hub's large volume of loads and significant control of containers [Relation] enable [Effect] an attractive customer to the Class I railroads",
    "input": "Sophisticated IT systems and market know-how enable customers to outsource intermodal shipping to an expert specialist, while Hub's large volume of loads and significant control of containers make it an attractive customer to the Class I railroads.",
    "output": "[Cause] Hub's large volume of loads and significant control of containers [Relation] enable [Effect] an attractive customer to the Class I railroads",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] there are many large private-label categories (like small-format water) where Treehouse has no presence [Relation] cause [Effect] one could argue that the total private-label food and beverage industry is not representative of the company's true addressable market",
    "input": "Second, there are many large private-label categories (like small-format water) where Treehouse has no presence. Consequently, one could argue that the total private-label food and beverage industry is not representative of the company's true addressable market.",
    "output": "[Cause] there are many large private-label categories (like small-format water) where Treehouse has no presence [Relation] cause [Effect] one could argue that the total private-label food and beverage industry is not representative of the company's true addressable market",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the recent regulations will continue to marginalize smaller players [Relation] enable [Effect] benefit large players such as TAL and EDU",
    "input": "We believe that the recent regulations will continue to marginalize smaller players, which may continue to benefit large players such as TAL and EDU.",
    "output": "[Cause] the recent regulations [Relation] enable [Effect] marginalize smaller players",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] loans roll out of forbearance, particularly in consumer credit and consumer mortgage (which represents about one third of the loan book) [Relation] cause [Effect] pressure as credit costs adjust to reflect underlying consumer health",
    "input": "As loans roll out of forbearance, particularly in consumer credit and consumer mortgage (which represents about one third of the loan book), we anticipate pressure as credit costs adjust to reflect underlying consumer health.",
    "output": "[Cause] lenders roll out of forbearance, particularly in consumer credit and consumer mortgage [Relation] cause [Effect] we anticipate pressure as credit costs adjust to reflect underlying consumer health",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] improvements in the international segments [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins to increase from 2020's 17.3% to 18.2%",
    "input": "In the next 10 years, we expect operating margins to increase from 2020's 17.3% to 18.2%, driven by improvements in the international segments.",
    "output": "[Cause] improvements in the international segments [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins to increase from 2020's 17.3% to 18.2%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it has historically managed its positioning to avoid finding itself caught between discount competitors like Dunkin' and McDonald's McCaf\u8305 platform on the low end and specialty independent shops on the high end [Relation] cause [Effect] Starbucks' position as a premium vendor of coffee, tea, and refresher beverages is widely recognized",
    "input": "Starbucks' position as a premium vendor of coffee, tea, and refresher beverages is widely recognized, as it has historically managed its positioning to avoid finding itself caught between discount competitors like Dunkin' and McDonald's McCaf\u8305 platform on the low end and specialty independent shops on the high end.",
    "output": "[Cause] it has historically managed its positioning [Relation] cause [Effect] avoid finding itself caught between discount competitors like Dunkin' and McDonald's McCaf<unk> platform on the low end and specialty independent shops on the high end",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the low resistance potential and pan-genotypic efficacy of Gilead's regimens [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm to retain close to 40% of the global HCV market in the long run",
    "input": "We think the low resistance potential and pan-genotypic efficacy of Gilead's regimens will allow the firm to retain close to 40% of the global HCV market in the long run, despite competition from AbbVie and Merck.",
    "output": "[Cause] the low resistance potential and pan-genotypic efficacy of Gilead's regimens [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm to retain close to 40% of the global HCV market in the long run",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] operational excellence at its core namesake business [Relation] cause [Effect] These strengths have helped Home Depot deliver adjusted average returns on invested capital, excluding goodwil",
    "input": "These strengths have helped Home Depot deliver adjusted average returns on invested capital, excluding goodwill, of 37% during the past five years, benefiting from operational excellence at its core namesake business.",
    "output": "[Cause] operational excellence at its core namesake business [Relation] enable [Effect] Home Depot deliver adjusted average returns on invested capital, excluding goodwill, of 37% during the past five years",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the thin margins for the industry [Relation] enable [Effect]  in 2012 the Federal government began to make cuts to Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement increases, reducing revenue growth and reducing profits to an even greater degree",
    "input": "However, in 2012 the Federal government began to make cuts to Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement increases, reducing revenue growth and reducing profits to an even greater degree due to the thin margins for the industry.",
    "output": "[Cause] the thin margins for the industry [Relation] cause [Effect] in 2012 the Federal government began to make cuts to Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement increases, reducing revenue growth and reducing profits to an even greater degree",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] decreasing reliance on its personnel base [Relation] enable [Effect]  Accenture will benefit from some operating leverage on the SG&A line",
    "input": "Due to decreasing reliance on its personnel base, we assume Accenture will benefit from some operating leverage on the SG&A line, aiding in operating margin expansion from 14.7% in fiscal 2020 to 15.9% in fiscal 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] decreasing reliance on its personnel base [Relation] cause [Effect] Accenture will benefit from some operating leverage on the SG&A line",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Accenture will benefit from some operating leverage on the SG&A line [Relation] enable [Effect]  operating margin expansion from 14.7% in fiscal 2020 to 15.9% in fiscal 2025",
    "input": "Due to decreasing reliance on its personnel base, we assume Accenture will benefit from some operating leverage on the SG&A line, aiding in operating margin expansion from 14.7% in fiscal 2020 to 15.9% in fiscal 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] decreasing reliance on its personnel base [Relation] cause [Effect] Accenture will benefit from some operating leverage on the SG&A line",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the risk from carbon emissions is most likely to materialize through some form of carbon pricing [Relation] cause [Effect] increase the price of end products to consumers and reduce demand for oil and gas over time",
    "input": "In particular, the risk from carbon emissions is most likely to materialize through some form of carbon pricing, which can increase the price of end products to consumers and reduce demand for oil and gas over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] the risk from carbon emissions is most likely to materialize through some form of carbon pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] increase the price of end products to consumers and reduce demand for oil and gas over time",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the uncertainty created by COVID-19. [Relation] cause [Effect] M&A activity among banks has declined significantly",
    "input": "But even this modest impact overstates the economic reality, as much of the decline in growth is expected to come from a fall-off in deconversion fees, given that M&A activity among banks has declined significantly due to the uncertainty created by COVID-19.",
    "output": "[Cause] a fall-off in deconversion fees [Relation] cause [Effect] much of the decline in growth",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] M&A activity among banks has declined significantly [Relation] enable [Effect] much of the decline in growth is expected to come from a fall-off in deconversion fees",
    "input": "But even this modest impact overstates the economic reality, as much of the decline in growth is expected to come from a fall-off in deconversion fees, given that M&A activity among banks has declined significantly due to the uncertainty created by COVID-19.",
    "output": "[Cause] the uncertainty created by COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] M&A activity among banks has declined significantly",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Manpower's focus on mostly national and multinational large-sized businesses (60% of 2020 revenue) [Relation] cause [Effect]  weakens the advantage of its large database of resumes because large businesses have more bargaining power compared with small- and medium-sized businesses",
    "input": "Manpower's focus on mostly national and multinational large-sized businesses (60% of 2020 revenue) weakens the advantage of its large database of resumes because large businesses have more bargaining power compared with small- and medium-sized businesses.",
    "output": "[Cause] large businesses have more bargaining power compared with small- and medium-sized businesses [Relation] cause [Effect] Manpower's focus on mostly national and multinational large-sized businesses (60% of 2020 revenue) weakens the advantage of its large database of resumes",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] we expect Vontier to follow the Danaher and Fortive business model and continue to drive growth through M&A [Relation] enable [Effect] another threat to our thesis is acquisition risk",
    "input": "As we expect Vontier to follow the Danaher and Fortive business model and continue to drive growth through M&A, another threat to our thesis is acquisition risk as the company could overpay for acquisitions and experience challenges integrating acquired companies.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company could overpay for acquisitions and experience challenges integrating acquired companies [Relation] cause [Effect] another threat to our thesis is acquisition risk",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] manufacturing demands, but Hasbro embarked on an asset light strategy in the prior decade [Relation] cause [Effect] improved working capital demands",
    "input": "The toy industry was historically more capital-intensive than traditional retailing, given manufacturing demands, but Hasbro embarked on an asset light strategy in the prior decade (as of 2015, Hasbro no longer manufactured its own product, divesting its last facilities to Cartamundi), which improved working capital demands.",
    "output": "[Cause] manufacturing demands [Relation] cause [Effect] The toy industry was historically more capital-intensive than traditional retailing",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] better pricing [Relation] cause [Effect] improvement in underwriting results over time",
    "input": "In the near term, claims losses associated with the coronavirus will pressure underwriting profitability, but we expect better pricing to allow for some improvement in underwriting results over time, and lower investment yields will necessitate better underwriting margins.",
    "output": "[Cause] claims losses associated with the coronavirus [Relation] enable [Effect] pressure underwriting profitability",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its large installed base [Relation] cause [Effect] Pentair derives roughly two thirds of its revenue from aftermarket service and replacement parts",
    "input": "Pentair derives roughly two thirds of its revenue from aftermarket service and replacement parts, which are largely tied to its large installed base.",
    "output": "[Cause] its large installed base [Relation] cause [Effect] Pentair derives roughly two thirds of its revenue from aftermarket service and replacement parts",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Weixin's user base expands [Relation] cause [Effect] more users will adopt Weixin Pay",
    "input": "In the mobile payment segment, as Weixin's user base expands, more users will adopt Weixin Pay, which is embedded in Weixin, and in turn, more merchants will accept Weixin Pay.",
    "output": "[Cause] Weixin's user base expands [Relation] cause [Effect] more users will adopt Weixin Pay",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the percentage of revenue from microtransactions and digital downloads continues to increase [Relation] cause [Effect] project that the firm will able to continue to expand its gross margins to 76.7%",
    "input": "We project that the firm will able to continue to expand its gross margins to 76.7% by fiscal 2025 as the percentage of revenue from microtransactions and digital downloads continues to increase.",
    "output": "[Cause] the percentage of revenue from microtransactions and digital downloads continues to increase [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm will able to continue to expand its gross margins to 76.7% by fiscal 2025",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it captures more high margin services revenue before declining to a midcycle level of over 15.4% in 2025 [Relation] cause [Effect] We believe operating margin will reach 16.3% in 2023",
    "input": "We believe operating margin will reach 16.3% in 2023 as it captures more high margin services revenue before declining to a midcycle level of over 15.4% in 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] it captures more high margin services revenue before declining to a midcycle level of over 15.4% in 2025 [Relation] cause [Effect] We believe operating margin will reach 16.3% in 2023",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A focus on debt repayment post the 2015-16 downturn, and current stronger commodity prices and earnings [Relation] enable [Effect] BHP in strong financial shape",
    "input": "A focus on debt repayment post the 2015-16 downturn, and current stronger commodity prices and earnings, see BHP in strong financial shape.",
    "output": "[Cause] A focus on debt repayment post the 2015-16 downturn, and current stronger commodity prices and earnings [Relation] enable [Effect] BHP in strong financial shape",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] most manufacturers offer volume-based rebates to optometrists [Relation] enable [Effect] foster clinician brand loyalty",
    "input": "The top lens manufacturers mandate that retailers sell their product above the same minimum price, which leads to almost all retailers setting their respective prices at this price floor, though most manufacturers offer volume-based rebates to optometrists to foster clinician brand loyalty.",
    "output": "[Cause] The top lens manufacturers mandate that retailers sell their product above the same minimum price [Relation] cause [Effect] almost all retailers setting their respective prices at this price floor",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The top lens manufacturers mandate that retailers sell their product above the same minimum price [Relation] cause [Effect] almost all retailers setting their respective prices at this price floor",
    "input": "The top lens manufacturers mandate that retailers sell their product above the same minimum price, which leads to almost all retailers setting their respective prices at this price floor, though most manufacturers offer volume-based rebates to optometrists to foster clinician brand loyalty.",
    "output": "[Cause] The top lens manufacturers mandate that retailers sell their product above the same minimum price [Relation] cause [Effect] almost all retailers setting their respective prices at this price floor",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the former has generally been more profitable and less cyclical [Relation] cause [Effect] We had long viewed legacy Ingersoll Rand's climate business as more attractive than its industrial segment",
    "input": "We had long viewed legacy Ingersoll Rand's climate business as more attractive than its industrial segment because the former has generally been more profitable and less cyclical.",
    "output": "[Cause] the former has generally been more profitable and less cyclical [Relation] cause [Effect] We had long viewed legacy Ingersoll Rand's climate business as more attractive than its industrial segment",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the Direct Energy acquisition [Relation] cause [Effect] doubles NRG's retail business",
    "input": "Excluding storm impacts, the Direct Energy acquisition doubles NRG's retail business, which has remained surprisingly strong throughout the coronavirus pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] Excluding storm impacts [Relation] cause [Effect] the Direct Energy acquisition doubles NRG's retail business",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] defensive retailers' razor-thin margins and the likelihood [Relation] cause [Effect]  a substantial price increase for the end consumer should the retailer not absorb the cost",
    "input": "A bottler trying to increase prices 10% is a much more precarious proposition, given defensive retailers' razor-thin margins and the likelihood that this will result in a substantial price increase for the end consumer should the retailer not absorb the cost.",
    "output": "[Cause] A bottler trying to increase prices 10% [Relation] cause [Effect] a much more precarious proposition",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  employers reduce or add workers based on demand for their services and on business sentiment [Relation] enable [Effect] staffing demand ebbs and flows with economic activity",
    "input": "Overall, staffing demand ebbs and flows with economic activity as employers reduce or add workers based on demand for their services and on business sentiment.",
    "output": "[Cause] employers reduce or add workers based on demand for their services and on business sentiment [Relation] cause [Effect] staffing demand ebbs and flows with economic activity",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  GDP and pricing, is a reasonable expectation for MIS [Relation] cause [Effect]  mid-single-digit revenue growth",
    "input": "Over the long term, we believe mid-single-digit revenue growth, driven by GDP and pricing, is a reasonable expectation for MIS.",
    "output": "[Cause] over the long term, we believe mid-single-digit revenue growth, driven by GDP and pricing [Relation] enable [Effect] is a reasonable expectation for MIS",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it moves upmarket [Relation] enable [Effect]  it can achieve higher margins",
    "input": "RingCentral has reported that it is already operating above 30% non-GAAP operating margins in the small to midsize business market and that it believes it can achieve higher margins as it moves upmarket.",
    "output": "[Cause] it moves upmarket [Relation] enable [Effect] it can achieve higher margins",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Instead of generating automated emails, the company now must automate purchases of banner and display ads on mobile apps and web pages [Relation] cause [Effect] pits Alliance Data Systems against the major ad agencies, which in many cases are already working with the company's biggest customers",
    "input": "Instead of generating automated emails, the company now must automate purchases of banner and display ads on mobile apps and web pages. This pits Alliance Data Systems against the major ad agencies, which in many cases are already working with the company's biggest customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] Instead of generating automated emails, the company now must automate purchases of banner and display ads on mobile apps and web pages [Relation] cause [Effect] pits Alliance Data Systems against the major ad agencies, which in many cases are already working with the company's biggest customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] not-in-my-backyard tendencies [Relation] cause [Effect] new quarry permits are difficult to obtain",
    "input": "Furthermore, while populous metropolitan areas are the centers of construction activity, new quarry permits are difficult to obtain as a result of not-in-my-backyard tendencies.",
    "output": "[Cause] not-in-my-backyard tendencies [Relation] cause [Effect] new quarry permits are difficult to obtain",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Swiss neutrality | the Swiss franc. [Relation] cause [Effect]  Swiss banks remain attractive to the world's elite",
    "input": "However, we believe that Swiss banks remain attractive to the world's elite for two main reasons: first, Swiss neutrality; and second, the Swiss franc.",
    "output": "[Cause] for two main reasons [Relation] enable [Effect] Swiss banks remain attractive to the world's elite",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it gains access to valuable intangible assets in the form of user data [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm improve its services and increase its vehicles' capacity utilization",
    "input": "As Uber benefits from its network effect, we think it gains access to valuable intangible assets in the form of user data, which we suspect helps the firm improve its services and increase its vehicles' capacity utilization.",
    "output": "[Cause] it gains access to valuable intangible assets in the form of user data [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm improve its services and increase its vehicles' capacity utilization",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company's strong distribution network [Relation] cause [Effect]  its ability to keep order fulfillment rates high in both aftermarket and salvage products",
    "input": "We think the company's strong distribution network will support its ability to keep order fulfillment rates high in both aftermarket and salvage products.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's strong distribution network [Relation] enable [Effect] its ability to keep order fulfillment rates high in both aftermarket and salvage products",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the higher-than-average volatility of cash flows and Insulet's heavy reliance on one product [Relation] cause [Effect] we rate the firm's uncertainty as high",
    "input": "Based on the higher-than-average volatility of cash flows and Insulet's heavy reliance on one product, we rate the firm's uncertainty as high.",
    "output": "[Cause] the higher-than-average volatility of cash flows and Insulet's heavy reliance on one product [Relation] cause [Effect] we rate the firm's uncertainty as high",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] the temporary demand shock in oil",
    "input": "We think oil and gas capital expenditures will increase, following the temporary demand shock in oil due to the COVID-19 pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the temporary demand shock in oil [Relation] cause [Effect] oil and gas capital expenditures will increase",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the temporary demand shock in oil [Relation] cause [Effect] oil and gas capital expenditures will increase",
    "input": "We think oil and gas capital expenditures will increase, following the temporary demand shock in oil due to the COVID-19 pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] the temporary demand shock in oil",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] secular and technological trends [Relation] enable [Effect] increased connectivity, emissions, safety, and efficiency standards",
    "input": "Thanks to secular and technological trends driving increased connectivity, emissions, safety, and efficiency standards, demand for Littelfuse's products has been very strong over the five years.",
    "output": "[Cause] secular and technological trends [Relation] cause [Effect] increased connectivity, emissions, safety, and efficiency standards",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] increased connectivity, emissions, safety, and efficiency standards [Relation] cause [Effect] demand for Littelfuse's products has been very strong over the five years",
    "input": "Thanks to secular and technological trends driving increased connectivity, emissions, safety, and efficiency standards, demand for Littelfuse's products has been very strong over the five years.",
    "output": "[Cause] secular and technological trends [Relation] cause [Effect] driving increased connectivity, emissions, safety, and efficiency standards",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Intel's cost advantage [Relation] enable [Effect] create significant barriers to entry",
    "input": "Intel's cost advantage is manifested via large scale semiconductor fabrication facilities that cost $20 billion-plus and create significant barriers to entry.",
    "output": "[Cause] large scale semiconductor fabrication facilities [Relation] enable [Effect] Intel's cost advantage",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company to continue investing in emission-reducing solutions for its diesel trucks [Relation] cause [Effect] customers a strong product to meet stringent emission standards",
    "input": "In the meantime, we expect the company to continue investing in emission-reducing solutions for its diesel trucks, providing customers a strong product to meet stringent emission standards.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company to continue investing in emission-reducing solutions for its diesel trucks [Relation] enable [Effect] customers a strong product to meet stringent emission standards",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its ability to drive repeat business relies on customer loyalty and smart marketing and merchandising [Relation] cause [Effect] Its brand intangible asset has historically been the supporting factor in its top- and bottom-line growth",
    "input": "Its brand intangible asset has historically been the supporting factor in its top- and bottom-line growth, as its ability to drive repeat business relies on customer loyalty and smart marketing and merchandising.",
    "output": "[Cause] its ability to drive repeat business relies on customer loyalty and smart marketing and merchandising [Relation] cause [Effect] Its brand intangible asset has historically been the supporting factor in its top- and bottom-line growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] While we expect the segment will continue gain leverage on its sales, we project that gross margins will continue to remain below 44% over the next five years [Relation] cause [Effect]  the consolidated operating margin for Sirius XM will rebound from the low of 21% in 2019 but will take until 2025 to match the 30% level of 2018",
    "input": "While we expect the segment will continue gain leverage on its sales, we project that gross margins will continue to remain below 44% over the next five years. As a result, we expect the consolidated operating margin for Sirius XM will rebound from the low of 21% in 2019 but will take until 2025 to match the 30% level of 2018.",
    "output": "[Cause] While we expect the segment will continue gain leverage on its sales, we project that gross margins will continue to remain below 44% over the next five years [Relation] cause [Effect] the consolidated operating margin for Sirius XM will rebound from the low of 21% in 2019 but will take until 2025 to match the 30% level of 2018",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Consumers' ever-increasing need for mobile data results and little geographic overlap with competitors [Relation] cause [Effect] normalized churn of about 1%",
    "input": "Consumers' ever-increasing need for mobile data results and little geographic overlap with competitors results in normalized churn of about 1%.",
    "output": "[Cause] Consumers' ever-increasing need for mobile data results and little geographic overlap with competitors [Relation] cause [Effect] normalized churn of about 1%",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  we do not believe HP's initiatives can offset the macro trend [Relation] cause [Effect] Our largest concern with the printing market is the overall trend of screen reading replacing printed pages",
    "input": "Our largest concern with the printing market is the overall trend of screen reading replacing printed pages, and we do not believe HP's initiatives can offset the macro trend.",
    "output": "[Cause] Our largest concern with the printing market is the overall trend of screen reading replacing printed pages [Relation] cause [Effect] we do not believe HP's initiatives can offset the macro trend",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  consumer traffic growing from 16 million average monthly users in 2016 to over 36 million in 2019 [Relation] enable [Effect] the platform is gaining momentum",
    "input": "With consumer traffic growing from 16 million average monthly users in 2016 to over 36 million in 2019, we think it is clear the platform is gaining momentum.",
    "output": "[Cause] consumer traffic growing from 16 million average monthly users in 2016 to over 36 million in 2019 [Relation] cause [Effect] the platform is gaining momentum",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it believes the competition in that industry has become too intense for it to generate the kinds of returns it is accustomed to [Relation] cause [Effect] Discover has reduced its investment in its debt consolidation business",
    "input": "In a similar vein, Discover has reduced its investment in its debt consolidation business as it believes the competition in that industry has become too intense for it to generate the kinds of returns it is accustomed to.",
    "output": "[Cause] it believes the competition in that industry has become too intense for it to generate the kinds of returns it is accustomed to [Relation] cause [Effect] Discover has reduced its investment in its debt consolidation business",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] launching several new drugs [Relation] enable [Effect]  hold strong potential if the market embraces the new treatments",
    "input": "Bayer faces heightened market risks as it is launching several new drugs that hold strong potential if the market embraces the new treatments.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is launching several new drugs that hold strong potential if the market embraces the new treatments [Relation] cause [Effect] Bayer faces heightened market risks",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  it transitions more of its manufacturing to lower-cost locations, re-engineers manufacturing processes, recovers from recalls, and navigates the process of management change [Relation] enable [Effect] ConvaTec faces considerable operational risk",
    "input": "In the near term, ConvaTec faces considerable operational risk as it transitions more of its manufacturing to lower-cost locations, re-engineers manufacturing processes, recovers from recalls, and navigates the process of management change.",
    "output": "[Cause] it transitions more of its manufacturing to lower-cost locations, re-engineers manufacturing processes, recovers from recalls, and navigates the process of management change [Relation] cause [Effect] ConvaTec faces considerable operational risk",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  on the leading edge of most of the changes we expect to impact the restaurant industry [Relation] cause [Effect]  the likelihood of sustained economic value creation as quite high for the restaurant brand",
    "input": "Finally, we view the likelihood of sustained economic value creation as quite high for the restaurant brand, which finds itself on the leading edge of most of the changes we expect to impact the restaurant industry over the medium to long term.",
    "output": "[Cause] the likelihood of sustained economic value creation [Relation] cause [Effect] quite high for the restaurant brand",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the restaurant brand [Relation] enable [Effect] sustained economic value creation",
    "input": "Finally, we view the likelihood of sustained economic value creation as quite high for the restaurant brand, which finds itself on the leading edge of most of the changes we expect to impact the restaurant industry over the medium to long term.",
    "output": "[Cause] the likelihood of sustained economic value creation as quite high for the restaurant brand [Relation] cause [Effect] finds itself on the leading edge of most of the changes we expect to impact the restaurant industry over the medium to long term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The spread of risk from government to contractor puts a cap on the margins [Relation] prevent [Effect] may be earned by the industry but limits cyclicality at the same time",
    "input": "The spread of risk from government to contractor puts a cap on the margins that may be earned by the industry but limits cyclicality at the same time.",
    "output": "[Cause] The spread of risk from government to contractor [Relation] enable [Effect] puts a cap on the margins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] SS&C continues to realize expense synergies [Relation] cause [Effect] We forecast adjusted EBITDA margins (based on our calculations) to increase from 40% in 2020 to 44% by 2025",
    "input": "We forecast adjusted EBITDA margins (based on our calculations) to increase from 40% in 2020 to 44% by 2025 as SS&C continues to realize expense synergies.",
    "output": "[Cause] SS&C continues to realize expense synergies [Relation] cause [Effect] We forecast adjusted EBITDA margins (based on our calculations) to increase from 40% in 2020 to 44% by 2025",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] offset falling Lantus pricing in the U.S. [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margin expansion over the next three years",
    "input": "Also, we expect the streamlining of operations, cost-cutting and gains in high margin specialty drugs to offset falling Lantus pricing in the U.S., resulting in operating margin expansion over the next three years.",
    "output": "[Cause] the streamlining of operations, cost-cutting and gains in high margin specialty drugs [Relation] prevent [Effect] falling Lantus pricing in the U.S",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Seagate and Western Digital matching each other's technological roadmaps and competing with one another for volume [Relation] prevent [Effect] both from earning pricing power",
    "input": "We think HDDs are commoditylike even at the enterprise level, with Seagate and Western Digital matching each other's technological roadmaps and competing with one another for volume\u2014preventing both from earning pricing power.",
    "output": "[Cause] Seagate and Western Digital matching each other's technological roadmaps and competing with one another for volume [Relation] prevent [Effect] both from earning pricing power",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  labels can be commingled on anonymous racks, with customers left to find bargains [Relation] cause [Effect] vendors achieve greater discretion in physical off-price venues",
    "input": "We believe vendors achieve greater discretion in physical off-price venues as labels can be commingled on anonymous racks, with customers left to find bargains.",
    "output": "[Cause] labels can be commingled on anonymous racks, with customers left to find bargains [Relation] cause [Effect] vendors achieve greater discretion in physical off-price venues",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] A UPS, for example, performs mission-critical functions by allowing customers' employees to safely shut down or start an alternate power source on everything from computers to network closets and server rooms to enterprise and collocation data centers [Relation] enable [Effect] potentially saving thousands of dollars in lost time and productivity",
    "input": "A UPS, for example, performs mission-critical functions by allowing customers' employees to safely shut down or start an alternate power source on everything from computers to network closets and server rooms to enterprise and collocation data centers, potentially saving thousands of dollars in lost time and productivity.",
    "output": "[Cause] A UPS, for example, performs mission-critical functions by allowing customers' employees to safely shut down or start an alternate power source on everything from computers to network closets and server rooms to enterprise and collocation data centers [Relation] enable [Effect] potentially saving thousands of dollars in lost time and productivity",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company has outlined a plan to further reduce battery cell costs by 56% over the next several years [Relation] cause [Effect] Tesla will continue to have a lower costs",
    "input": "Even as legacy automakers begin to produce more EVs, we expect Tesla will continue to have a lower costs as the company has outlined a plan to further reduce battery cell costs by 56% over the next several years.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company has outlined a plan to further reduce battery cell costs by 56% over the next several years [Relation] cause [Effect] Tesla will continue to have a lower costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] this increased competition, along with the inconsistent performance of the company's games outside [Relation] cause [Effect] ''''''''Grand theft Auto,'''''''' the company did not generate returns on invested capital exceeding its cost of capital in fiscal 2010, 2012, and 2013",
    "input": "As a result of this increased competition, along with the inconsistent performance of the company's games outside of ''''''''Grand theft Auto,'''''''' the company did not generate returns on invested capital exceeding its cost of capital in fiscal 2010, 2012, and 2013.",
    "output": "[Cause] increased competition, along with the inconsistent performance of the company's games outside of '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' the company did not generate returns on invested capital exceeding its cost of capital in fiscal 2010, 2012, and 2013",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Public Storage already enjoys a double-digit market share lead on its closest competitor [Relation] cause [Effect]  more demand for self-storage to a market",
    "input": "While the company's Washington, D.C., facilities have struggled in recent years, the area is projected to be among the fastest-growing over the next few decades, which will bring more demand for self-storage to a market where Public Storage already enjoys a double-digit market share lead on its closest competitor.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's Washington, D.C., facilities have struggled in recent years [Relation] cause [Effect] the area is projected to be among the fastest-growing over the next few decades",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the area is projected to be among the fastest-growing over the next few decades [Relation] enable [Effect]  more demand for self-storage to a market",
    "input": "While the company's Washington, D.C., facilities have struggled in recent years, the area is projected to be among the fastest-growing over the next few decades, which will bring more demand for self-storage to a market where Public Storage already enjoys a double-digit market share lead on its closest competitor.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's Washington, D.C., facilities have struggled in recent years [Relation] cause [Effect] the area is projected to be among the fastest-growing over the next few decades",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the crowded landscape [Relation] cause [Effect] require management to maintain its high level of execution",
    "input": "Although we believe Five Below's emerging scale and targeted store experience should help offset some pressure, the crowded landscape will require management to maintain its high level of execution.",
    "output": "[Cause] Five Below's emerging scale and targeted store experience [Relation] prevent [Effect] some pressure",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Five Below's emerging scale and targeted store experience [Relation] prevent [Effect] some pressure",
    "input": "Although we believe Five Below's emerging scale and targeted store experience should help offset some pressure, the crowded landscape will require management to maintain its high level of execution.",
    "output": "[Cause] the crowded landscape [Relation] enable [Effect] require management to maintain its high level of execution",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Charter also operates with a heavy debt load [Relation] cause [Effect] its shares to respond sharply to changes in the business or general market volatility",
    "input": "Charter also operates with a heavy debt load, which can cause its shares to respond sharply to changes in the business or general market volatility.",
    "output": "[Cause] Charter also operates with a heavy debt load [Relation] cause [Effect] its shares to respond sharply to changes in the business or general market volatility",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] revenue growth and more-efficient homebuilding operations [Relation] enable [Effect] unlock operating leverage, reducing selling, general, and administrative expenses as percentage of revenue",
    "input": "We expect revenue growth and more-efficient homebuilding operations will unlock operating leverage, reducing selling, general, and administrative expenses as percentage of revenue.",
    "output": "[Cause] revenue growth and more-efficient homebuilding operations [Relation] enable [Effect] unlock operating leverage, reducing selling, general, and administrative expenses as percentage of revenue",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] competition | coronavirus [Relation] cause [Effect] Many of these stores are suffering reduced customer traffic",
    "input": "Many of these stores are suffering reduced customer traffic due to competition, a situation that may be worsened by the coronavirus.",
    "output": "[Cause] competition [Relation] cause [Effect] Many of these stores are suffering reduced customer traffic",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it is less dependent on rate-sensitive net interest income [Relation] cause [Effect] Wells Fargo will be better insulated if rates decline when compared with smaller regional competitors",
    "input": "Further, with the bank's solid mix of fee income, Wells Fargo will be better insulated if rates decline when compared with smaller regional competitors, as it is less dependent on rate-sensitive net interest income.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is less dependent on rate-sensitive net interest income [Relation] cause [Effect] Wells Fargo will be better insulated if rates decline when compared with smaller regional competitors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] roughly 1% revenue growth in 2020 from 2019 and a strong recovery in 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] 12% revenue growth",
    "input": "We expect roughly 1% revenue growth in 2020 from 2019 and a strong recovery in 2021, resulting in 12% revenue growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] roughly 1% revenue growth in 2020 from 2019 and a strong recovery in 2021 [Relation] enable [Effect] 12% revenue growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  more room on the balance sheet for shareholder returns [Relation] cause [Effect]  increasing our forecasts for new equipment orders and dividend growth",
    "input": "We are increasing our fair value estimate to $68 from $63 per share, increasing our forecasts for new equipment orders and dividend growth due to more room on the balance sheet for shareholder returns.",
    "output": "[Cause] more room on the balance sheet for shareholder returns [Relation] cause [Effect] increasing our forecasts for new equipment orders and dividend growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] adjusting the inputs and testing them at each stage [Relation] enable [Effect] reduces chances of chip design errors",
    "input": "Similarly, chip design is an iterative process in which adjusting the inputs and testing them at each stage (akin to tasting and modifying the stew) reduces chances of chip design errors.",
    "output": "[Cause] adjusting the inputs and testing them at each stage [Relation] enable [Effect] reduces chances of chip design errors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] measures are taken to reduce overhead and streamline the combined business [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins to rise",
    "input": "On a consolidated basis, we expect operating margins to rise as measures are taken to reduce overhead and streamline the combined business.",
    "output": "[Cause] measures are taken to reduce overhead and streamline the combined business [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins to rise",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a greater shift by enterprises toward infrastructure as a service cloud adoption [Relation] enable [Effect] reduce their own need for server space",
    "input": "Finally, a greater shift by enterprises toward infrastructure as a service cloud adoption could reduce their own need for server space, as their data is shifted to cloud providers' servers and stored more efficiently.",
    "output": "[Cause] a greater shift by enterprises toward infrastructure as a service cloud adoption [Relation] enable [Effect] reduce their own need for server space",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  their data is shifted to cloud providers' servers and stored more efficiently [Relation] enable [Effect] reduce their own need for server space",
    "input": "Finally, a greater shift by enterprises toward infrastructure as a service cloud adoption could reduce their own need for server space, as their data is shifted to cloud providers' servers and stored more efficiently.",
    "output": "[Cause] a service cloud adoption [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce their own need for server space",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] prices of commodities [Relation] cause [Effect] demand",
    "input": "As for its mining equipment business, demand is driven by prices of commodities such as iron ore, coal, and copper, which affects the profitability of mining companies and in turn their capital expenditures, including spending on mining equipment.",
    "output": "[Cause] demand is driven by prices of commodities such as iron ore, coal, and copper [Relation] cause [Effect] affects the profitability of mining companies and in turn their capital expenditures, including spending on mining equipment",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] affects the profitability of mining companies [Relation] cause [Effect] their capital expenditures",
    "input": "As for its mining equipment business, demand is driven by prices of commodities such as iron ore, coal, and copper, which affects the profitability of mining companies and in turn their capital expenditures, including spending on mining equipment.",
    "output": "[Cause] demand is driven by prices of commodities such as iron ore, coal, and copper [Relation] cause [Effect] the profitability of mining companies and in turn their capital expenditures",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] other RFID manufacturers aim to take back market share from the company [Relation] enable [Effect] Avery's RBIS segment could face margin pressures",
    "input": "Avery's RBIS segment could face margin pressures if other RFID manufacturers aim to take back market share from the company.",
    "output": "[Cause] other RFID manufacturers aim to take back market share from the company [Relation] cause [Effect] Avery's RBIS segment could face margin pressures",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Synchrony's bargaining position with its partners has been diminished [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm will have to make concessions to retain its retail partners",
    "input": "We believe that Synchrony's bargaining position with its partners has been diminished and that the firm will have to make concessions to retain its retail partners.",
    "output": "[Cause] Synchrony's bargaining position with its partners has been diminished [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm will have to make concessions to retain its retail partners",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Any procedure or policy that is not consistent with the prevailing ethos [Relation] cause [Effect] a company's business model will be disrupted",
    "input": "Any procedure or policy that is not consistent with the prevailing ethos gives rise to the possibility that a company's business model will be disrupted.",
    "output": "[Cause] Any procedure or policy that is not consistent with the prevailing ethos [Relation] cause [Effect] a company's business model will be disrupted",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  high-quality content will always find an outlet | the ongoing demand for content [Relation] cause [Effect] content creation for cable networks is not a zero-sum game",
    "input": "Given the ongoing demand for content, we believe content creation for cable networks is not a zero-sum game, as high-quality content will always find an outlet.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ongoing demand for content [Relation] cause [Effect] content creation for cable networks is not a zero-sum game",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Redfin pursues the requisite scale to operate effectively in the marketplace [Relation] enable [Effect] gross profit to be razor thin and improve slightly over time",
    "input": "In the properties segment, we expect gross profit to be razor thin and improve slightly over time as Redfin pursues the requisite scale to operate effectively in the marketplace.",
    "output": "[Cause] Redfin pursues the requisite scale to operate effectively in the marketplace [Relation] cause [Effect] gross profit to be razor thin and improve slightly over time",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  profits materially contract [Relation] cause [Effect] Tenet may have trouble refinancing at reasonable interest rates or at all when its major debt obligations start coming due in 2023 and beyond",
    "input": "If profits materially contract, Tenet may have trouble refinancing at reasonable interest rates or at all when its major debt obligations start coming due in 2023 and beyond, and that significant refinancing risk informs our extreme uncertainty rating.",
    "output": "[Cause] profits materially contract [Relation] cause [Effect] Tenet may have trouble refinancing at reasonable interest rates or at all when its major debt obligations start coming due in 2023 and beyond",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] For the core telehealth services [Relation] cause [Effect] penetrating members of existing customers in addition to adding members of new clients under new logos",
    "input": "For the core telehealth services, we believe the company is likely to retain its first-mover advantage and scale by penetrating members of existing customers in addition to adding members of new clients under new logos.",
    "output": "[Cause] penetrating members of existing customers in addition to adding members of new clients under new logos [Relation] enable [Effect] the company is likely to retain its first-mover advantage and scale",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] care migrates to less costly ambulatory settings [Relation] cause [Effect] Community hospitals across the country continue to struggle to maintain enough volume",
    "input": "Community hospitals across the country continue to struggle to maintain enough volume as care migrates to less costly ambulatory settings.",
    "output": "[Cause] care migrates to less costly ambulatory settings [Relation] cause [Effect] Community hospitals across the country continue to struggle to maintain enough volume",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] poor relative active investment performance, the growth of low-cost index-based products, and the expanding power of the retail-advised channel [Relation] cause [Effect] increasingly difficult for active asset managers to generate organic growth",
    "input": "A confluence of several issues--poor relative active investment performance, the growth of low-cost index-based products, and the expanding power of the retail-advised channel--has made it increasingly difficult for active asset managers to generate organic growth, leaving them more dependent on market gains to increase their assets under management.",
    "output": "[Cause] A confluence of several issues [Relation] cause [Effect] poor relative active investment performance, the growth of low-cost index-based products, and the expanding power of the retail-advised channel",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] increasingly difficult for active asset managers to generate organic growth [Relation] enable [Effect] more dependent on market gains to increase their assets under management",
    "input": "A confluence of several issues--poor relative active investment performance, the growth of low-cost index-based products, and the expanding power of the retail-advised channel--has made it increasingly difficult for active asset managers to generate organic growth, leaving them more dependent on market gains to increase their assets under management.",
    "output": "[Cause] A confluence of several issues [Relation] cause [Effect] leaving them more dependent on market gains to increase their assets under management",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a more rapid change coupled with a failure to differentiate in ancillary fluid markets [Relation] prevent [Effect]  Valvoline's standing",
    "input": "While we expect a gradual shift, allowing Valvoline to build its other offerings, a more rapid change coupled with a failure to differentiate in ancillary fluid markets could impair Valvoline's standing.",
    "output": "[Cause] a more rapid change coupled with a failure to differentiate in ancillary fluid markets [Relation] prevent [Effect] Valvoline's standing",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] some governments may simply forbid access to Facebook [Relation] cause [Effect] lower user growth and user interaction",
    "input": "In addition, some governments may simply forbid access to Facebook, which could result in lower user growth and user interaction.",
    "output": "[Cause] some governments may simply forbid access to Facebook [Relation] cause [Effect] lower user growth and user interaction",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] now trending downward [Relation] cause [Effect]  major projects have been completed",
    "input": "Gildan's capital expenditures as a percent of revenue have averaged 7% per year since 2010 but are now trending downward as major projects have been completed.",
    "output": "[Cause] major projects have been completed [Relation] cause [Effect] are now trending downward",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] most of its costs are denominated in Brazilian reais [Relation] cause [Effect] Vale faces currency risk",
    "input": "Vale faces currency risk, as most of its costs are denominated in Brazilian reais, while the bulk of its revenue and debt is denominated in U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] most of its costs are denominated in Brazilian reais [Relation] cause [Effect] Vale faces currency risk",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This method [Relation] enable [Effect]  increased efficiency and lowered reconditioning costs per vehicle",
    "input": "This method has increased efficiency and lowered reconditioning costs per vehicle, which in turn raises gross profit per vehicle sold.",
    "output": "[Cause] This method has increased efficiency and lowered reconditioning costs per vehicle [Relation] cause [Effect] raises gross profit per vehicle sold",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the infrastructure required, end customers' price inelasticity, and the convenience associated with repair shops ordering parts made by multiple brands from one source [Relation] cause [Effect] a large-scale move by manufacturers in favor of direct sales is unlikely",
    "input": "We also expect that a large-scale move by manufacturers in favor of direct sales is unlikely, due to the infrastructure required, end customers' price inelasticity, and the convenience associated with repair shops ordering parts made by multiple brands from one source.",
    "output": "[Cause] the infrastructure required, end customers' price inelasticity, and the convenience associated with repair shops ordering parts made by multiple brands from one source [Relation] cause [Effect] a large-scale move by manufacturers in favor of direct sales is unlikely",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Illinois' early plans for recreational legalization [Relation] cause [Effect] an advantage to companies Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Genericwith medical cultivation and dispensary licenses.",
    "input": "History suggests this could be possible, as Illinois' early plans for recreational legalization would hand an advantage to companies Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Genericwith medical cultivation and dispensary licenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] Illinois' early plans for recreational legalization [Relation] enable [Effect] hand an advantage to companies Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Genericwith medical cultivation and dispensary licenses",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company does not expect to maintain a steady inventory of a particular item or brand [Relation] cause [Effect] manufacturers avoid the stigma of being a regular, featured presence in an off-price store",
    "input": "The company does not expect to maintain a steady inventory of a particular item or brand; as a result, manufacturers avoid the stigma of being a regular, featured presence in an off-price store.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company does not expect to maintain a steady inventory of a particular item or brand [Relation] cause [Effect] manufacturers avoid the stigma of being a regular, featured presence in an off-price store",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] continued strong growth in the reconstructive product lines [Relation] cause [Effect] sales growing at a roughly 7% compound annual growth rate over the next five years",
    "input": "On the medical technology side, we project sales growing at a roughly 7% compound annual growth rate over the next five years, fueled by continued strong growth in the reconstructive product lines.",
    "output": "[Cause] continued strong growth in the reconstructive product lines [Relation] cause [Effect] sales growing at a roughly 7% compound annual growth rate over the next five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the cost advantage associated with the firm's scope, together with the strength of its brand intangible assets [Relation] enable [Effect] a durable competitive advantage",
    "input": "We believe the cost advantage associated with the firm's scope, together with the strength of its brand intangible assets, provides a durable competitive advantage that should shine through as the turnaround delivers results and Advance's performance gradually moves toward that of its peers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the cost advantage associated with the firm's scope, together with the strength of its brand intangible assets [Relation] enable [Effect] a durable competitive advantage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] demand for the firm's commercial HVAC and transportation refrigeration products rebounds after 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] Trane's revenue to increase at about an 8% compound annual rate (7% organic)",
    "input": "Over the next five years, we expect Trane's revenue to increase at about an 8% compound annual rate (7% organic) as demand for the firm's commercial HVAC and transportation refrigeration products rebounds after 2020.",
    "output": "[Cause] demand for the firm's commercial HVAC and transportation refrigeration products rebounds after 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect] Trane's revenue to increase at about an 8% compound annual rate (7% organic)",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] facilitating lower prices long-term [Relation] cause [Effect] demand is likely to fall in future",
    "input": "We think demand is likely to fall in future, as low-cost supply expands, flattening the steep cost curve tail and facilitating lower prices long-term.",
    "output": "[Cause] demand is likely to fall in future [Relation] cause [Effect] flattening the steep cost curve tail and facilitating lower prices long-term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the market and larger advanced wound care competitors move further toward higher-tech solutions [Relation] enable [Effect] Coloplast's wound-care segment to remain on a slightly slower growth trajectory",
    "input": "We expect Coloplast's wound-care segment to remain on a slightly slower growth trajectory as the market and larger advanced wound care competitors move further toward higher-tech solutions.",
    "output": "[Cause] the market and larger advanced wound care competitors move further toward higher-tech solutions [Relation] cause [Effect] Coloplast's wound-care segment to remain on a slightly slower growth trajectory",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the cachet of the Monster brand [Relation] enable [Effect] neither Coke nor its bottlers need to worry about inventory builds or sell-through",
    "input": "First, and most important, is the cachet of the Monster brand, which should help ensure sufficient and sustained end demand for its beverages such that neither Coke nor its bottlers need to worry about inventory builds or sell-through.",
    "output": "[Cause] the cachet of the Monster brand [Relation] enable [Effect] ensure sufficient and sustained end demand for its beverages",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its allied brands portfolio [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm profits from partnerships with nascent beverage companies as well as private-label brands that are looking for distribution breadth and access",
    "input": "Through its allied brands portfolio, the firm profits from partnerships with nascent beverage companies as well as private-label brands that are looking for distribution breadth and access, which we think lends credence to Keurig Dr Pepper's strong position.",
    "output": "[Cause] its allied brands portfolio [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm profits from partnerships with nascent beverage companies as well as private-label brands that are looking for distribution breadth and access",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm profits from partnerships with nascent beverage companies as well as private-label brands that are looking for distribution breadth and access [Relation] enable [Effect] lends credence to Keurig Dr Pepper's strong position",
    "input": "Through its allied brands portfolio, the firm profits from partnerships with nascent beverage companies as well as private-label brands that are looking for distribution breadth and access, which we think lends credence to Keurig Dr Pepper's strong position.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm profits from partnerships with nascent beverage companies as well as private-label brands [Relation] enable [Effect] distribute breadth and access",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the world becomes more data-centric and connected [Relation] cause [Effect] The company's future growth depends on cloud service providers and enterprises needing more data storage, compute power, and interconnection",
    "input": "The company's future growth depends on cloud service providers and enterprises needing more data storage, compute power, and interconnection as the world becomes more data-centric and connected.",
    "output": "[Cause] the world becomes more data-centric and connected [Relation] cause [Effect] The company's future growth depends on cloud service providers and enterprises needing more data storage, compute power, and interconnection",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] CROs use their expertise in trial design and execution to balance quick trial starts with statistically significant results [Relation] enable [Effect] their clients to focus on the core competencies of drug discovery and commercialization",
    "input": "CROs use their expertise in trial design and execution to balance quick trial starts with statistically significant results, which allows their clients to focus on the core competencies of drug discovery and commercialization.",
    "output": "[Cause] CROs use their expertise in trial design and execution to balance quick trial starts with statistically significant results [Relation] enable [Effect] their clients to focus on the core competencies of drug discovery and commercialization",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] if propane prices rise and distributor margins expand [Relation] cause [Effect] we are wary of a shift in consumer attitude",
    "input": "Historically, the firm has had leverage over customers and pricing, but we are wary of a shift in consumer attitude if propane prices rise and distributor margins expand.",
    "output": "[Cause] if propane prices rise and distributor margins expand [Relation] cause [Effect] the firm has had leverage over customers and pricing",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its Bakken footprint is too small [Relation] prevent [Effect] move the needle on returns at the firm level",
    "input": "We do not expect the same stellar returns from its STACK, Powder River Basin, or Eagle Ford assets, and its Bakken footprint is too small to move the needle on returns at the firm level.",
    "output": "[Cause] its Bakken footprint is too small [Relation] cause [Effect] move the needle on returns at the firm level",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  our revised projections [Relation] cause [Effect] we think management can execute its strategic plan",
    "input": "While we still believe the market's valuation is on the generous side, our revised projections remain at the upper end of Refinitiv consensus; we think management can execute its strategic plan.",
    "output": "[Cause] the market's valuation is on the generous side [Relation] enable [Effect] our revised projections remain at the upper end of Refinitiv consensus",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Enterprises can be slow to migrate to the cloud, given the greater degree of complexity involved in modifying large-scale operations [Relation] cause [Effect] These firms often make the transition gradually, taking several years to go from an on-premises to a full cloud-native model",
    "input": "Enterprises can be slow to migrate to the cloud, given the greater degree of complexity involved in modifying large-scale operations. These firms often make the transition gradually, taking several years to go from an on-premises to a full cloud-native model.",
    "output": "[Cause] Enterprises can be slow to migrate to the cloud, given the greater degree of complexity involved in modifying large-scale operations [Relation] cause [Effect] These firms often make the transition gradually, taking several years to go from an on-premises to a full cloud-native model",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the tax cut and jobs act of 2017 [Relation] enable [Effect] The company received substantial tax benefits",
    "input": "The company received substantial tax benefits for foreign-derived intangible income after the tax cut and jobs act of 2017, however, we don't think this is sustainable.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company received substantial tax benefits for foreign-derived intangible income [Relation] cause [Effect] we don't think this is sustainable",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] FactSet's target market through asset manager fee compression [Relation] cause [Effect] the rise in passive investing",
    "input": "We believe the rise in passive investing will weigh on FactSet's target market through asset manager fee compression, resulting in slower growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] the rise in passive investing [Relation] cause [Effect] weigh on FactSet's target market",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the rise in passive investing [Relation] cause [Effect] slower growth",
    "input": "We believe the rise in passive investing will weigh on FactSet's target market through asset manager fee compression, resulting in slower growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] the rise in passive investing [Relation] cause [Effect] slower growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the change in consumer preferences [Relation] cause [Effect]  a demand dislocation",
    "input": "Furthermore, the change in consumer preferences has created a demand dislocation that has allowed new players like Aerie and Third Love to take share in the intimates' market, creating permanent long-term competition in the category.",
    "output": "[Cause] the change in consumer preferences [Relation] cause [Effect] a demand dislocation",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a demand dislocation [Relation] enable [Effect] new players like Aerie and Third Love to take share in the intimates' market, creating permanent long-term competition in the category",
    "input": "Furthermore, the change in consumer preferences has created a demand dislocation that has allowed new players like Aerie and Third Love to take share in the intimates' market, creating permanent long-term competition in the category.",
    "output": "[Cause] the change in consumer preferences [Relation] cause [Effect] permanent long-term competition in the category",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] WPP plans to invest up to GBP 150 million during the next few years [Relation] cause [Effect] further enhance digital offerings and overall data technology",
    "input": "To further enhance digital offerings and overall data technology, WPP plans to invest up to GBP 150 million during the next few years.",
    "output": "[Cause] further enhance digital offerings and overall data technology [Relation] enable [Effect] WPP plans to invest up to GBP 150 million during the next few years",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm's structural simplification and asset-light efforts continue to bear fruit [Relation] cause [Effect]  Mattel's operating margins and returns on invested capital could rise",
    "input": "We believe Mattel's operating margins and returns on invested capital could rise as the firm's structural simplification and asset-light efforts continue to bear fruit; the Optimizing for Growth initiative could provide an incremental boost to cash flow.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm's structural simplification and asset-light efforts continue to bear fruit [Relation] cause [Effect] Mattel's operating margins and returns on invested capital could rise",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the Optimizing for Growth initiative [Relation] enable [Effect] an incremental boost to cash flow",
    "input": "We believe Mattel's operating margins and returns on invested capital could rise as the firm's structural simplification and asset-light efforts continue to bear fruit; the Optimizing for Growth initiative could provide an incremental boost to cash flow.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm's structural simplification and asset-light efforts continue to bear fruit [Relation] cause [Effect] Mattel's operating margins and returns on invested capital could rise",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] strong first-quarter sales results [Relation] cause [Effect] We are raising our valuation of O'Reilly to $444 per share from $429",
    "input": "We are raising our valuation of O'Reilly to $444 per share from $429, reflecting strong first-quarter sales results (25% comparable growth) but offset by a higher U.S.",
    "output": "[Cause] We are raising our valuation of O'Reilly to $444 per share from $429 [Relation] cause [Effect] strong first-quarter sales results (25% comparable growth) but offset by a higher U.S",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] enduring scale-based cost advantages, or perhaps benefits from superior internal processes that optimize line-haul and pickup and delivery efficiency [Relation] cause [Effect] the high-fixed-cost nature of LTL operations should allow",
    "input": "At first glance, it might appear that the high-fixed-cost nature of LTL operations should allow for enduring scale-based cost advantages, or perhaps benefits from superior internal processes that optimize line-haul and pickup and delivery efficiency.",
    "output": "[Cause] the high-fixed-cost nature of LTL operations [Relation] enable [Effect] enduring scale-based cost advantages",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] competition from Starbucks, Tim Hortons (part of Restaurant Brands International), JDE Peet's, and the convenience store channel [Relation] prevent [Effect] Dunkin's expansion plans beyond core and established markets",
    "input": "In our view, competition from Starbucks, Tim Hortons (part of Restaurant Brands International), JDE Peet's, and the convenience store channel could also limit Dunkin's expansion plans beyond core and established markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] competition from Starbucks, Tim Hortons (part of Restaurant Brands International), JDE Peet's, and the convenience store channel [Relation] prevent [Effect] Dunkin's expansion plans beyond core and established markets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company's sizable debt balance and dependence on revenue from challenging commoditized environments [Relation] prevent [Effect] its growth trajectory via nascent technology trends",
    "input": "In our view, the company's sizable debt balance and dependence on revenue from challenging commoditized environments could encumber its growth trajectory via nascent technology trends.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's sizable debt balance and dependence on revenue from challenging commoditized environments [Relation] prevent [Effect] its growth trajectory via nascent technology trends",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Bemis works to better manage itself as a global enterprise [Relation] cause [Effect] Sealed Air could face higher levels of consumable competition",
    "input": "As Bemis works to better manage itself as a global enterprise, Sealed Air could face higher levels of consumable competition.",
    "output": "[Cause] Bemis works to better manage itself as a global enterprise [Relation] enable [Effect] Sealed Air could face higher levels of consumable competition",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Fortune Brands' significant exposure to these end markets [Relation] enable [Effect]  the firm is positioned for continued growth over the next decade",
    "input": "Given Fortune Brands' significant exposure to these end markets (50% of sales from R&R and 23% from new construction), the firm is positioned for continued growth over the next decade.",
    "output": "[Cause] Fortune Brands' significant exposure to these end markets [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm is positioned for continued growth over the next decade",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the 2022 patent is not a strong composition of matter patent [Relation] cause [Effect] the patent risk on cancer drug Alimta (9% of sales) is elevated",
    "input": "Further, the patent risk on cancer drug Alimta (9% of sales) is elevated as the 2022 patent is not a strong composition of matter patent, which increases the likelihood of earlier-than-expected generic competition.",
    "output": "[Cause] the 2022 patent is not a strong composition of matter patent [Relation] cause [Effect] the patent risk on cancer drug Alimta (9% of sales) is elevated",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the patent risk on cancer drug Alimta (9% of sales) is elevated [Relation] cause [Effect] increases the likelihood of earlier-than-expected generic competition",
    "input": "Further, the patent risk on cancer drug Alimta (9% of sales) is elevated as the 2022 patent is not a strong composition of matter patent, which increases the likelihood of earlier-than-expected generic competition.",
    "output": "[Cause] the 2022 patent is not a strong composition of matter patent [Relation] cause [Effect] the patent risk on cancer drug Alimta (9% of sales) is elevated",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  US Foods' channel diversity, vast adoption of carryout, and the eventual containment of the COVID-19 virus [Relation] enable [Effect] return US Foods' pro forma revenue (including SGA Food Group and Smart Foodservice Warehouse acquisitions) to a prepandemic level by 2022",
    "input": "We think US Foods' channel diversity, vast adoption of carryout, and the eventual containment of the COVID-19 virus (most likely after a 2021 vaccine), should return US Foods' pro forma revenue (including SGA Food Group and Smart Foodservice Warehouse acquisitions) to a prepandemic level by 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] US Foods' channel diversity, vast adoption of carryout, and the eventual containment of the COVID-19 virus (most likely after a 2021 vaccine) [Relation] enable [Effect] return US Foods' pro forma revenue (including SGA Food Group and Smart Foodservice Warehouse) to a prepandemic level by 2022",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] putting more P&L responsibility at the divisional level [Relation] enable [Effect] lowering corporate costs",
    "input": "New management's restructuring plans echo others in European industrials, aimed at lowering corporate costs by putting more P&L responsibility at the divisional level.",
    "output": "[Cause] putting more P&L responsibility at the divisional level [Relation] enable [Effect] lowering corporate costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] customers' willingness to shop multiple off-price stores [Relation] cause [Effect] we are not concerned about saturation as rivals Ross and TJX grow",
    "input": "Investment in the treasure hunt should keep post-pandemic traffic strong, and we are not concerned about saturation as rivals Ross and TJX grow, considering customers' willingness to shop multiple off-price stores.",
    "output": "[Cause] rivals Ross and TJX grow [Relation] cause [Effect] we are not concerned about saturation",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  long-term care insurance is difficult to forecast and has proved more costly [Relation] cause [Effect] Manulife no longer sells stand-alone long-term care products",
    "input": "As long-term care insurance is difficult to forecast and has proved more costly, Manulife no longer sells stand-alone long-term care products.",
    "output": "[Cause] long-term care insurance is difficult to forecast and has proved more costly [Relation] cause [Effect] Manulife no longer sells stand-alone long-term care products",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  how to use the new system [Relation] cause [Effect] businesses would have to spend more time training personnel",
    "input": "Alongside this, businesses would have to spend more time training personnel on how to use the new system, hampering productivity.",
    "output": "[Cause] businesses would have to spend more time training personnel on how to use the new system [Relation] cause [Effect] hampering productivity",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  recovery from COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] further boost top-line growth",
    "input": "We expect recovery from COVID-19 to further boost top-line growth and result in a 54% increase in 2021 (from 46% in 2020) and 47% year-over-year growth in 2022, representing total revenue of $3.9 billion and $5.7 billion, respectively.",
    "output": "[Cause] recovery from COVID-19 [Relation] enable [Effect] boost top-line growth and result in a 54% increase in 2021 (from 46% in 2020) and 47% year-over-year growth in 2022, representing total revenue of $3.9 billion and $5.7 billion, respectively",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] The 2020 dip in profitability",
    "input": "The 2020 dip in profitability due to COVID-19 notwithstanding, management's efforts to streamline operations and enhance efficiency had taken hold over the last few years, and we forecast operating margin to peak at 23% in 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] The 2020 dip in profitability",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  management's efforts to streamline operations and enhance efficiency had taken hold over the last few years [Relation] cause [Effect]  operating margin to peak at 23% in 2025",
    "input": "The 2020 dip in profitability due to COVID-19 notwithstanding, management's efforts to streamline operations and enhance efficiency had taken hold over the last few years, and we forecast operating margin to peak at 23% in 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] management's efforts to streamline operations and enhance efficiency had taken hold [Relation] cause [Effect] The 2020 dip in profitability",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its large queue of new projects coming on line would be unlikely to generate their projected economic results [Relation] cause [Effect] long-term price depreciation would expose the company to weakening returns on capital",
    "input": "Additionally, long-term price depreciation would expose the company to weakening returns on capital, as its large queue of new projects coming on line would be unlikely to generate their projected economic results.",
    "output": "[Cause] its large queue of new projects coming on line would be unlikely to generate their projected economic results [Relation] cause [Effect] long-term price depreciation would expose the company to weakening returns on capital",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] low interest rates pressured yields [Relation] cause [Effect] The bank's operating efficiency ratios have been pressured over the years",
    "input": "The bank's operating efficiency ratios have been pressured over the years as low interest rates pressured yields, and fixing credit issues was the top priority.",
    "output": "[Cause] low interest rates pressured yields [Relation] cause [Effect] The bank's operating efficiency ratios have been pressured over the years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The business has been built on strong management and execution discipline [Relation] cause [Effect] take advantage of weakened competitor positions",
    "input": "The business has been built on strong management and execution discipline that have enabled it to take advantage of weakened competitor positions.",
    "output": "[Cause] The business has been built on strong management and execution discipline [Relation] enable [Effect] take advantage of weakened competitor positions",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] sales recover [Relation] enable [Effect] average incrementals between 34% and 35% over the medium term",
    "input": "We expect average incrementals between 34% and 35% over the medium term as sales recover and believe the firm can eventually hit 21% segment operating margins and free cash flow margins of 15%.",
    "output": "[Cause] sales recover [Relation] cause [Effect] average incrementals between 34% and 35% over the medium term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] sales recover [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm can eventually hit 21% segment operating margins and free cash flow margins of 15%",
    "input": "We expect average incrementals between 34% and 35% over the medium term as sales recover and believe the firm can eventually hit 21% segment operating margins and free cash flow margins of 15%.",
    "output": "[Cause] sales recover [Relation] cause [Effect] average incrementals between 34% and 35% over the medium term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Farfetch has a cost base to support higher revenue, providing opportunity for positive operating leverage as revenue grows [Relation] cause [Effect] general and administrative expense (including depreciation and technology expense) to scale from around 28% of gross merchandise value currently to 11.9% in 10 years' time",
    "input": "We believe Farfetch has a cost base to support higher revenue, providing opportunity for positive operating leverage as revenue grows. Hence, we expect general and administrative expense (including depreciation and technology expense) to scale from around 28% of gross merchandise value currently to 11.9% in 10 years' time.",
    "output": "[Cause] Farfetch has a cost base to support higher revenue, providing opportunity for positive operating leverage as revenue grows [Relation] cause [Effect] general and administrative expense (including depreciation and technology expense) to scale from around 28% of gross merchandise value currently to 11.9% in 10 years' time",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] process disruption, the interconnectedness of a client's workflows and the custodian's infrastructure, and onboarding costs [Relation] cause [Effect] Clients of the custody banks do face switching costs",
    "input": "Clients of the custody banks do face switching costs due to process disruption, the interconnectedness of a client's workflows and the custodian's infrastructure, and onboarding costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] process disruption, the interconnectedness of a client's workflows and the custodian's infrastructure, and onboarding costs [Relation] cause [Effect] Clients of the custody banks do face switching costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the scalability of the business, a fall off in amortization expense, and cost synergies [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins to improve from 12% to 28% by 2025",
    "input": "We project operating margins to improve from 12% to 28% by 2025, as the result of the scalability of the business, a fall off in amortization expense, and cost synergies.",
    "output": "[Cause] the scalability of the business, a fall off in amortization expense, and cost synergies [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins to improve from 12% to 28% by 2025",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] While competitors tend to specialize in a single core competency, Applied competes in almost every key equipment segment with the exception of photolithography [Relation] cause [Effect] all major chipmakers develop strong relationships with Applied that span multiple process steps of their chip production",
    "input": "While competitors tend to specialize in a single core competency, Applied competes in almost every key equipment segment with the exception of photolithography. As a result, all major chipmakers develop strong relationships with Applied that span multiple process steps of their chip production.",
    "output": "[Cause] While competitors tend to specialize in a single core competency, Applied competes in almost every key equipment segment with the exception of photolithography [Relation] cause [Effect] all major chipmakers develop strong relationships with Applied that span multiple process steps of their chip production",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the cyclicality of the company's business and exposure to factors beyond its control, such as asset class returns and interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] Our uncertainty rating for LPL Financial is high",
    "input": "Our uncertainty rating for LPL Financial is high due to the cyclicality of the company's business and exposure to factors beyond its control, such as asset class returns and interest rates.",
    "output": "[Cause] the cyclicality of the company's business and exposure to factors beyond its control, such as asset class returns and interest rates [Relation] cause [Effect] Our uncertainty rating for LPL Financial is high",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The substantial equivalence rule [Relation] cause [Effect]  reduces the financial burden of investing in a fast-moving pipeline of new products",
    "input": "The substantial equivalence rule makes it extremely difficult for new entrants to launch new products, and it reduces the financial burden of investing in a fast-moving pipeline of new products that is a critical part of the business model for other large-cap consumer businesses.",
    "output": "[Cause] The substantial equivalence rule [Relation] prevent [Effect] new entrants to launch new products",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] increased sales leverage, cost-optimization efforts, and sales and marketing expense efficiencies are neutralized by increased customer acquisition costs [Relation] enable [Effect] adjusted operating margins will remain in the low-30s range in later years of our 10-year explicit forecast period",
    "input": "We forecast adjusted operating margins will remain in the low-30s range in later years of our 10-year explicit forecast period as increased sales leverage, cost-optimization efforts, and sales and marketing expense efficiencies are neutralized by increased customer acquisition costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] increased sales leverage, cost-optimization efforts, and sales and marketing expense efficiencies are neutralized by increased customer acquisition costs [Relation] cause [Effect] adjusted operating margins will remain in the low-30s range in later years of our 10-year explicit forecast period",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increased customer acquisition costs [Relation] cause [Effect] sales and marketing expense efficiencies are neutralized",
    "input": "We forecast adjusted operating margins will remain in the low-30s range in later years of our 10-year explicit forecast period as increased sales leverage, cost-optimization efforts, and sales and marketing expense efficiencies are neutralized by increased customer acquisition costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] increased sales leverage, cost-optimization efforts, and sales and marketing expense efficiencies are neutralized [Relation] enable [Effect] adjusted operating margins will remain in the low-30s range in later years of our 10-year explicit forecast period",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Wiley's products targeted to the professional community are affected by economic conditions [Relation] cause [Effect] firms to change head count and training expenditures",
    "input": "Wiley's products targeted to the professional community are affected by economic conditions, which can cause firms to change head count and training expenditures (though its education offerings could deliver an offsetting benefit if a soft economy were to lead to higher student enrollment).",
    "output": "[Cause] Wiley's products targeted to the professional community are affected by economic conditions [Relation] cause [Effect] firms to change head count and training expenditures",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a soft economy [Relation] cause [Effect] higher student enrollment",
    "input": "Wiley's products targeted to the professional community are affected by economic conditions, which can cause firms to change head count and training expenditures (though its education offerings could deliver an offsetting benefit if a soft economy were to lead to higher student enrollment).",
    "output": "[Cause] Wiley's products targeted to the professional community are affected by economic conditions [Relation] cause [Effect] firms to change head count and training expenditures",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] vaccines reduce infection rates [Relation] enable [Effect] the pandemic's sales surge should ease in mid-2021",
    "input": "Although the pandemic's sales surge should ease in mid-2021 as vaccines reduce infection rates, O'Reilly's long-term strength remains rooted in its competitive advantages.",
    "output": "[Cause] vaccines reduce infection rates [Relation] cause [Effect] the pandemic's sales surge should ease in mid-2021",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] With its 7-nm EPYC 2 (Rome) server CPUs launched in 2019, the firm is poised to grow its market share to at least 20% in the coming years [Relation] cause [Effect] AMD will enjoy stellar revenue growth in the server CPU sub-segment of EESC, going from about $300 million in 2018 to $10.3 billion in 2025",
    "input": "With its 7-nm EPYC 2 (Rome) server CPUs launched in 2019, the firm is poised to grow its market share to at least 20% in the coming years. Consequently, we believe AMD will enjoy stellar revenue growth in the server CPU sub-segment of EESC, going from about $300 million in 2018 to $10.3 billion in 2025.",
    "output": "[Cause] With its 7-nm EPYC 2 (Rome) server CPUs launched in 2019, the firm is poised to grow its market share to at least 20% in the coming years [Relation] cause [Effect] AMD will enjoy stellar revenue growth in the server CPU sub-segment of EESC, going from about $300 million in 2018 to $10.3 billion in 2025",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] new CEO Karim Bitar digs in with his plans [Relation] cause [Effect] We continue to hold more optimistic expectations for advanced wound care and ostomy growth, as well as improved profitability",
    "input": "We continue to hold more optimistic expectations for advanced wound care and ostomy growth, as well as improved profitability as new CEO Karim Bitar digs in with his plans.",
    "output": "[Cause] new CEO Karim Bitar digs in with his plans [Relation] cause [Effect] We continue to hold more optimistic expectations for advanced wound care and ostomy growth, as well as improved profitability",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] these facilities are viewed more negatively than residential properties [Relation] enable [Effect] potentially provide housing and jobs",
    "input": "Additionally, community members often act as a hurdle for self-storage development, as these facilities are viewed more negatively than residential properties or manufacturing facilities that could potentially provide housing and jobs that could increase the surrounding property value.",
    "output": "[Cause] these facilities are viewed more negatively than residential properties or manufacturing facilities [Relation] cause [Effect] community members often act as a hurdle for self-storage development",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] potentially provide housing and jobs [Relation] cause [Effect] increase the surrounding property value",
    "input": "Additionally, community members often act as a hurdle for self-storage development, as these facilities are viewed more negatively than residential properties or manufacturing facilities that could potentially provide housing and jobs that could increase the surrounding property value.",
    "output": "[Cause] these facilities are viewed more negatively than residential properties or manufacturing facilities [Relation] cause [Effect] community members often act as a hurdle for self-storage development",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it can be difficult to repurpose capacity that was previously allocated to that large trial [Relation] cause [Effect] CROs can be susceptible to impact from large cancellations",
    "input": "CROs can be susceptible to impact from large cancellations, whether due to clinical failure or reprioritization, because it can be difficult to repurpose capacity that was previously allocated to that large trial.",
    "output": "[Cause] it can be difficult to repurpose capacity that was previously allocated to that large trial [Relation] cause [Effect] CROs can be susceptible to impact from large cancellations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Nasdaq also has the strength of the Nasdaq brand [Relation] enable [Effect] makes it desirable for companies to be listed on the exchange",
    "input": "Nasdaq also has the strength of the Nasdaq brand, which makes it desirable for companies to be listed on the exchange.",
    "output": "[Cause] Nasdaq also has the strength of the Nasdaq brand [Relation] enable [Effect] makes it desirable for companies to be listed on the exchange",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] universities may use the transition to digital learning to demand lower-cost materials, given the high margins that have existed in textbooks for many years [Relation] cause [Effect]  risk",
    "input": "There is also a risk that universities may use the transition to digital learning to demand lower-cost materials, given the high margins that have existed in textbooks for many years.",
    "output": "[Cause] the high margins that have existed in textbooks for many years [Relation] cause [Effect] universities may use the transition to digital learning to demand lower-cost materials",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Moen's growing presence in China, its market repositioning in cabinets, Fiberon's distribution expansion, new product introductions across Fortune Brands' three segments, and price increases [Relation] enable [Effect] support sales growth over our forecast",
    "input": "Moen's growing presence in China, its market repositioning in cabinets, Fiberon's distribution expansion, new product introductions across Fortune Brands' three segments, and price increases should also support sales growth over our forecast.",
    "output": "[Cause] Moen's growing presence in China, its market repositioning in cabinets, Fiberon's distribution expansion, new product introductions across Fortune Brands' three segments, and price increases [Relation] enable [Effect] support sales growth over our forecast",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] our five-year CAGR for organic AUM growth remains in a negative 3%-5% range [Relation] cause [Effect] Waddell & Reed will continue to be reliant upon market gains to drive AUM growth",
    "input": "Waddell & Reed will continue to be reliant upon market gains to drive AUM growth, as our five-year CAGR for organic AUM growth remains in a negative 3%-5% range.",
    "output": "[Cause] our five-year CAGR for organic AUM growth remains in a negative 3%-5% range [Relation] cause [Effect] Waddell & Reed will continue to be reliant upon market gains to drive AUM growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] an excess of supply for a somewhat fixed pool of demand [Relation] cause [Effect] Low-cost and ultra-low-cost carriers have tendencies to enter markets and drive returns down for all participants",
    "input": "Low-cost and ultra-low-cost carriers have tendencies to enter markets and drive returns down for all participants due to an excess of supply for a somewhat fixed pool of demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] an excess of supply for a somewhat fixed pool of demand [Relation] cause [Effect] Low-cost and ultra-low-cost carriers have tendencies to enter markets and drive returns down for all participants",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] moving the headquarters to Dallas from Michigan in 2007 and greatly expanding operations in Texas by acquiring Sterling Bancshares in 2011 [Relation] cause [Effect] This has been a multiyear project",
    "input": "This has been a multiyear project and included moving the headquarters to Dallas from Michigan in 2007 and greatly expanding operations in Texas by acquiring Sterling Bancshares in 2011.",
    "output": "[Cause] acquiring Sterling Bancshares in 2011 [Relation] cause [Effect] expanding operations in Texas",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  iBuyer can structurally speed up and streamline the home purchase and sale process [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce transaction costs, holding costs, and interest expenses",
    "input": "In terms of cost advantage, we would need to see evidence that an iBuyer can structurally speed up and streamline the home purchase and sale process as compared with competitors to reduce transaction costs, holding costs, and interest expenses.",
    "output": "[Cause] In terms of cost advantage, we would need to see evidence [Relation] enable [Effect] an iBuyer can structurally speed up and streamline the home purchase and sale process as compared with competitors to reduce transaction costs, holding costs, and interest expenses",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Suppliers could also decide to bring the demand creation abilities in-house [Relation] cause [Effect]  broadline distributors will likely continue to acquire their own value-added services, further encroaching on Arrow's territory",
    "input": "Suppliers could also decide to bring the demand creation abilities in-house, which would significantly reduce Arrow's value proposition, while broadline distributors will likely continue to acquire their own value-added services, further encroaching on Arrow's territory.",
    "output": "[Cause] Suppliers could also decide to bring the demand creation abilities in-house [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce Arrow's value proposition",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Previous acquisitions have included material goodwill components, which stand to damp ROIC [Relation] cause [Effect] we would expect future acquisitions to require material goodwill allocations as well",
    "input": "Previous acquisitions have included material goodwill components, which stand to damp ROIC, and we would expect future acquisitions to require material goodwill allocations as well.",
    "output": "[Cause] Previous acquisitions have included material goodwill components [Relation] prevent [Effect] ROIC",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] With the completion of its growth spending program in 2020, DCP has outlined a plan where growth capital spending drops to well below $100 million annually from over $500 million in 2019 [Relation] enable [Effect] DCP generate excess cash flow after distributions and capital spending in 2021, but we don't expect the firm to be able to grow meaningfully more than $1.2 billion-$1.3 billion in EBITDA beyond 2022",
    "input": "With the completion of its growth spending program in 2020, DCP has outlined a plan where growth capital spending drops to well below $100 million annually from over $500 million in 2019. This program would let DCP generate excess cash flow after distributions and capital spending in 2021, but we don't expect the firm to be able to grow meaningfully more than $1.2 billion-$1.3 billion in EBITDA beyond 2022.",
    "output": "[Cause] With the completion of its growth spending program in 2020, DCP has outlined a plan where growth capital spending drops to well below $100 million annually from over $500 million in 2019 [Relation] enable [Effect] DCP generate excess cash flow after distributions and capital spending in 2021, but we don't expect the firm to be able to grow meaningfully more than $1.2 billion-$1.3 billion in EBITDA beyond 2022",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its international concentration in Brazil, where it has twice as many sites as all other international markets combined, and its aggressive use of financial leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] SBA has more risk than American Tower",
    "input": "On a company-specific level, we believe SBA has more risk than American Tower due to its international concentration in Brazil, where it has twice as many sites as all other international markets combined, and its aggressive use of financial leverage.",
    "output": "[Cause] its international concentration in Brazil, where it has twice as many sites as all other international markets combined, and its aggressive use of financial leverage [Relation] cause [Effect] SBA has more risk than American Tower",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  sales weakness and discounting in the athletic apparel industry [Relation] cause [Effect] lowered gross margins",
    "input": "We think sales weakness and discounting in the athletic apparel industry have lowered gross margins, and we expect Dick's gross margins to remain below peak levels.",
    "output": "[Cause] sales weakness and discounting in the athletic apparel industry [Relation] cause [Effect] lowered gross margins",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] strategy [Relation] cause [Effect] produced strong returns",
    "input": "The company regularly recycles capital by selling noncore assets or exiting markets and using the proceeds for its development pipeline or acquisitions with strong growth prospects, a strategy that has produced strong returns.",
    "output": "[Cause] selling noncore assets or exiting markets [Relation] enable [Effect] The company regularly recycles capital",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] selling noncore assets or exiting markets and using the proceeds for its development pipeline or acquisitions with strong growth prospects [Relation] enable [Effect] The company regularly recycles capital",
    "input": "The company regularly recycles capital by selling noncore assets or exiting markets and using the proceeds for its development pipeline or acquisitions with strong growth prospects, a strategy that has produced strong returns.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company regularly recycles capital by selling noncore assets or exiting markets and using the proceeds for its development pipeline or acquisitions with strong growth prospects [Relation] enable [Effect] strong returns",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  investments wind down [Relation] enable [Effect] The success of ongoing initiatives should set the operating margin back on a improving trajectory in 2022",
    "input": "The success of ongoing initiatives should set the operating margin back on a improving trajectory in 2022, as investments wind down.",
    "output": "[Cause] investments wind down [Relation] cause [Effect] The success of ongoing initiatives should set the operating margin back on a improving trajectory in 2022",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] CoreSite has a concentrated portfolio of network-dense data centers [Relation] enable [Effect] its business more attractive than many competitors' over the long term",
    "input": "CoreSite has a concentrated portfolio of network-dense data centers, which we think makes its business more attractive than many competitors' over the long term.",
    "output": "[Cause] CoreSite has a concentrated portfolio of network-dense data centers [Relation] enable [Effect] its business more attractive than many competitors' over the long term",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher than usual [Relation] cause [Effect] a post-pandemic commercial aerospace recovery",
    "input": "Collins Aerospace has significant component placement on the MAX and faces coronavirus headwinds, but we still expect narrow-body sales will allow Collins to produce a revenue CAGR of 8.2%, higher than usual due to a post-pandemic commercial aerospace recovery.",
    "output": "[Cause] a post-pandemic commercial aerospace recovery [Relation] cause [Effect] we still expect narrow-body sales will allow Collins to produce a revenue CAGR of 8.2%, higher than usual",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The competitive price environment, structural growth of the discounters' channel, and potential deflationary pressures in the future constitute a toxic combination [Relation] cause [Effect] negative volume growth and margin pressure in a sector with already low profitability",
    "input": "The competitive price environment, structural growth of the discounters' channel, and potential deflationary pressures in the future constitute a toxic combination that could cause negative volume growth and margin pressure in a sector with already low profitability.",
    "output": "[Cause] The competitive price environment, structural growth of the discounters' channel, and potential deflationary pressures in the future constitute a toxic combination [Relation] cause [Effect] negative volume growth and margin pressure in a sector with already low profitability",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  potential liabilities from the 2019 Kincade Fire and all 2020 fires [Relation] cause [Effect] be manageable without a significant impact on PG&E's financial health or valuation",
    "input": "We think potential liabilities from the 2019 Kincade Fire and all 2020 fires will be manageable without a significant impact on PG&E's financial health or valuation.",
    "output": "[Cause] the 2019 Kincade Fire and all 2020 fires [Relation] enable [Effect] potentially liabilities",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The current economic environment and the fallout from COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] corporate spending, consumer spending, and travel have all been curtailed",
    "input": "The current economic environment and the fallout from COVID-19 is a stark reminder of this, where corporate spending, consumer spending, and travel have all been curtailed, significantly affecting Amex's revenues.",
    "output": "[Cause] The current economic environment and the fallout from COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] a stark reminder of this",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] maintain its ability to demand high margins [Relation] cause [Effect]  Zebra spends a relatively large portion of sales on continual research and development",
    "input": "To maintain its ability to demand high margins, Zebra spends a relatively large portion of sales on continual research and development to produce hardware that is continually optimized for the modern operating environments and can stave off commoditization.",
    "output": "[Cause] Zebra spends a relatively large portion of sales on continual research and development [Relation] enable [Effect] produce hardware",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] he COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges [Relation] cause [Effect] lower demand for early-stage trials",
    "input": "We believe the COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges that could lower demand for early-stage trials; however, Charles River has adapted well to the pandemic and seems to have rebounded from COVID-19-related client disruptions.",
    "output": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] posed challenges that could lower demand for early-stage trials",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] help franchisees more effectively price by product category instead of blanket recommendations from management [Relation] enable [Effect] better manage wage inflation",
    "input": "We're also intrigued by Dunkin's ongoing ''smart pricing'' initiative, which is designed to help franchisees more effectively price by product category instead of blanket recommendations from management, helping to better manage wage inflation.",
    "output": "[Cause] Dunkin's ongoing ''smart pricing'' initiative [Relation] enable [Effect] helping to better manage wage inflation",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company gradually exits Latin American emerging markets [Relation] cause [Effect]  these controversies should decline",
    "input": "Telefonica has also been involved in some bribery accusations in Spain and Brazil, but we believe these controversies should decline as the company gradually exits Latin American emerging markets.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company gradually exits Latin American emerging markets [Relation] cause [Effect] these controversies should decline",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Movements in equity market prices, interest rates/credit spreads, foreign exchange rates or all three [Relation] cause [Effect] the value of the firm's managed assets to decline",
    "input": "Movements in equity market prices, interest rates/credit spreads, foreign exchange rates or all three could cause the value of the firm's managed assets to decline, which would result in lower investment advisory and administration fees, impacting operating income and cash flows.",
    "output": "[Cause] Movements in equity market prices, interest rates/credit spreads, foreign exchange rates or all three could cause the value of the firm's managed assets to decline [Relation] cause [Effect] lower investment advisory and administration fees, impacting operating income and cash flows",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Tracking billable hours, moreover, is the lifeblood of a law firm [Relation] cause [Effect] attorneys must meet stringent annual billing requirements amid both industry pricing and operating efficiency pressures",
    "input": "Tracking billable hours, moreover, is the lifeblood of a law firm, and attorneys must meet stringent annual billing requirements amid both industry pricing and operating efficiency pressures.",
    "output": "[Cause] Tracking billable hours [Relation] enable [Effect] the lifeblood of a law firm",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the passage of the Hatch-Waxman Act [Relation] enable [Effect] expanded into Europe and the United States and then into generics in 1984",
    "input": "The company consolidated the market in 1960 to create the largest drugmaker that was later expanded into Europe and the United States and then into generics in 1984 with the passage of the Hatch-Waxman Act.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company consolidated the market in 1960 [Relation] enable [Effect] the largest drugmaker",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the economic fallout from the pandemic [Relation] prevent [Effect]  appropriate given the future challenges faced by New York City",
    "input": "We think this is appropriate given the future challenges faced by New York City due to the economic fallout from the pandemic.",
    "output": "[Cause] the economic fallout from the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] this is appropriate",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] each state must appropriately price for both medical risk and other reasonable costs for its Medicaid population [Relation] enable [Effect] receive federal funding",
    "input": "The federally-regulated concept of actuarial soundness means each state must appropriately price for both medical risk and other reasonable costs for its Medicaid population in order to receive federal funding.",
    "output": "[Cause] The federally-regulated concept of actuarial soundness [Relation] cause [Effect] each state must appropriately price for both medical risk and other reasonable costs for its Medicaid population",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increasing infrastructure spending [Relation] cause [Effect]  a favourable outlook",
    "input": "The increase is attributable to CRH's favourable exposure to the U.S., where barriers to entry are higher than other regions, and which enjoys a favourable outlook due to increasing infrastructure spending.",
    "output": "[Cause] CRH's favourable exposure to the U.S. [Relation] cause [Effect] The increase",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  CRH's favourable exposure to the U.S. [Relation] cause [Effect] The increase",
    "input": "The increase is attributable to CRH's favourable exposure to the U.S., where barriers to entry are higher than other regions, and which enjoys a favourable outlook due to increasing infrastructure spending.",
    "output": "[Cause] CRH's favourable exposure to the U.S. [Relation] cause [Effect] a favourable outlook",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  these additional offerings leads to an improved breadth of products [Relation] cause [Effect] more cross-selling, higher margins, lower distribution costs, and higher switching costs",
    "input": "We believe having these additional offerings leads to an improved breadth of products, enabling more cross-selling, higher margins, lower distribution costs, and higher switching costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] having these additional offerings [Relation] enable [Effect] an improved breadth of products",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] leading investment bank, commercial bank, credit card, retail bank, and asset and wealth management franchises [Relation] enable [Effect] JPMorgan is truly a force to be reckoned with",
    "input": "With leading investment bank, commercial bank, credit card, retail bank, and asset and wealth management franchises, JPMorgan is truly a force to be reckoned with.",
    "output": "[Cause] leading investment bank, commercial bank, credit card, retail bank, and asset and wealth management franchises [Relation] enable [Effect] JPMorgan is truly a force to be reckoned with",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] exclusive routes and its premium brand reputation [Relation] cause [Effect] Snap-on is considered one of the more attractive franchise opportunities by Entrepreneur Magazine and Forbes",
    "input": "Despite having a model that requires franchisees to shoulder significant risk, Snap-on is considered one of the more attractive franchise opportunities by Entrepreneur Magazine and Forbes due to exclusive routes and its premium brand reputation.",
    "output": "[Cause] exclusive routes and its premium brand reputation [Relation] enable [Effect] Snap-on is considered one of the more attractive franchise opportunities by Entrepreneur Magazine and Forbes",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] as the pandemic eases [Relation] enable [Effect] with our 10-year average estimate of adjusted return on invested capital in the high-20s",
    "input": "We expect economic profits to return as the pandemic eases, with our 10-year average estimate of adjusted return on invested capital in the high-20s.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic eases [Relation] cause [Effect] economic profits to return",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Astra's operating structure [Relation] enable [Effect] cost-cutting following patent losses",
    "input": "Also, Astra's operating structure allows for cost-cutting following patent losses to reduce the margin pressure from lost high-margin drug sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] Astra's operating structure [Relation] enable [Effect] cost-cutting following patent losses",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] cost-cutting following patent losses [Relation] enable [Effect]  reduce the margin pressure from lost high-margin drug sales",
    "input": "Also, Astra's operating structure allows for cost-cutting following patent losses to reduce the margin pressure from lost high-margin drug sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] Astra's operating structure [Relation] enable [Effect] cost-cutting following patent losses",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] all the diversification the company has across its platforms [Relation] enable [Effect] offsetting the variable outcomes for drug development and competitive challenges to the firms' leading products",
    "input": "Overall, we view the uncertainty for Glaxo as medium, given all the diversification the company has across its platforms offsetting the variable outcomes for drug development and competitive challenges to the firms' leading products.",
    "output": "[Cause] all the diversification the company has across its platforms offsetting the variable outcomes for drug development and competitive challenges to the firms' leading products [Relation] cause [Effect] the uncertainty for Glaxo as medium",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] sustainable cost structure improvements rooted in PSR initiatives [Relation] cause [Effect] The firm's adjusted OR (expenses/revenue) improved",
    "input": "The firm's adjusted OR (expenses/revenue) improved, however, by 30 basis points to 64.4% (a company record) thanks to sustainable cost structure improvements rooted in PSR initiatives.",
    "output": "[Cause] sustainable cost structure improvements rooted in PSR initiatives [Relation] cause [Effect] The firm's adjusted OR (expenses/revenue) improved",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  continuing declines in voice revenue become less impactful and BCE's fiber-to-the-home [Relation] cause [Effect] We expect wireline revenue growth to steadily accelerate throughout our forecast",
    "input": "We expect wireline revenue growth to steadily accelerate throughout our forecast, to about 3% by 2024, as continuing declines in voice revenue become less impactful and BCE's fiber-to-the-home, or FTTH, buildout and higher network quality dominate the segment and propel the firm to further share gains.",
    "output": "[Cause] continuing declines in voice revenue become less impactful and BCE's fiber-to-the-home, or FTTH, buildout and higher network quality dominate the segment [Relation] enable [Effect] wireline revenue growth to steadily accelerate throughout our forecast, to about 3% by 2024",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] providing more control over its supply chain than many of its competitors [Relation] enable [Effect] secure factors of production from external sources",
    "input": "Alcoa enjoys full vertical integration, providing more control over its supply chain than many of its competitors, which must secure factors of production from external sources.",
    "output": "[Cause] Alcoa enjoys full vertical integration [Relation] enable [Effect] providing more control over its supply chain than many of its competitors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Ambev has relationships with its customers in both the on trade and off trade [Relation] enable [Effect] it to react quickly to negative competitive events",
    "input": "Intangible Assets  In its markets in which it holds a commanding volume share, Ambev has relationships with its customers in both the on trade and off trade that allow it to react quickly to negative competitive events.",
    "output": "[Cause] hold a commanding volume share [Relation] enable [Effect] react quickly to negative competitive events",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] While both Cadence and Synopsys provide an end-to-end flow of EDA solutions for the chip design process (Mentor is a little more specialized), customers tend to use different vendors for each stage of the design process [Relation] cause [Effect] a business may use Cadence for logic synthesis/analog chips, Synopsys for verification tools/digital design, and Mentor for physical layout/verification",
    "input": "While both Cadence and Synopsys provide an end-to-end flow of EDA solutions for the chip design process (Mentor is a little more specialized), customers tend to use different vendors for each stage of the design process. As a result, a business may use Cadence for logic synthesis/analog chips, Synopsys for verification tools/digital design, and Mentor for physical layout/verification.",
    "output": "[Cause] While both Cadence and Synopsys provide an end-to-end flow of EDA solutions for the chip design process (Mentor is a little more specialized), customers tend to use different vendors for each stage of the design process [Relation] cause [Effect] a business may use Cadence for logic synthesis/analog chips, Synopsys for verification tools/digital design, and Mentor for physical layout/verification",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The built-up nature of central business districts across the country [Relation] cause [Effect] a significant concentration of fungible office square footage within a limited area",
    "input": "The built-up nature of central business districts across the country allows for a significant concentration of fungible office square footage within a limited area.",
    "output": "[Cause] The built-up nature of central business districts across the country [Relation] enable [Effect] a significant concentration of fungible office square footage within a limited area",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the distraction of employees involved in the function where the change is occurring [Relation] cause [Effect]  there are indirect costs along those same lines",
    "input": "Additionally, there are indirect costs along those same lines, mainly lost productivity as employees move up a learning curve on the new system, and the distraction of employees involved in the function where the change is occurring.",
    "output": "[Cause] the distraction of employees involved in the function where the change is occurring [Relation] cause [Effect] lost productivity",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Kroger's scope [Relation] cause [Effect] allow it to manage the transition of trade spending",
    "input": "Kroger's scope should allow it to manage the transition of trade spending; for example, the firm is already offering boosted search placements to food manufacturers, allowing them to pay to have their products listed at the top of search results in a high-impression, high-conversion venue.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm is already offering boosted search placements to food manufacturers [Relation] enable [Effect] them to pay to have their products listed at the top of search results in a high-impression, high-conversion venue",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This virtuous cycle of intangible assets brought by heavy R&amp;D and cost advantages brought by better PPA reinforce each other [Relation] prevent [Effect] smaller peers catching up",
    "input": "This virtuous cycle of intangible assets brought by heavy R&amp;D and cost advantages brought by better PPA reinforce each other, preventing smaller peers catching up, in our view.",
    "output": "[Cause] This virtuous cycle of intangible assets brought by heavy R&amp;D and cost advantages brought by better PPA reinforce each other [Relation] prevent [Effect] smaller peers catching up",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the administrative headache and added costs to servicing multiple suppliers [Relation] cause [Effect] a customer would need to clear a high bar for switching suppliers",
    "input": "Given the administrative headache and added costs to servicing multiple suppliers, a customer would need to clear a high bar for switching suppliers, and we think this dynamic is evidenced by Sensata's largest 10 customers having an average relationship length of 31 years with the firm, per management.",
    "output": "[Cause] the administrative headache and added costs to servicing multiple suppliers [Relation] cause [Effect] a customer would need to clear a high bar for switching suppliers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Delivery can extend Sprouts' appeal to customers who do not regularly drive past a store [Relation] enable [Effect] scale costs over a much larger sales base.",
    "input": "Delivery can extend Sprouts' appeal to customers who do not regularly drive past a store, but the channel is margin-dilutive even for firms that are able to scale costs over a much larger sales base.",
    "output": "[Cause] Delivery [Relation] enable [Effect] extend Sprouts' appeal to customers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] One effect of climate change is for climates to shift north, which brings warmer weather and fewer snow days to northern climates [Relation] cause [Effect]  a small decline in normal deicing salt demand over time and limited prospects for sustained price increases",
    "input": "One effect of climate change is for climates to shift north, which brings warmer weather and fewer snow days to northern climates. As a result, we expect a small decline in normal deicing salt demand over time and limited prospects for sustained price increases.",
    "output": "[Cause] One effect of climate change is for climates to shift north, which brings warmer weather and fewer snow days to northern climates [Relation] cause [Effect] a small decline in normal deicing salt demand over time and limited prospects for sustained price increases",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  they use infrastructure as a service, or IaaS [Relation] cause [Effect] that enterprises will have less need for data centers",
    "input": "While we see the possibility that enterprises will have less need for data centers if they use infrastructure as a service, or IaaS, to a greater extent, our bigger concern is that companies that don't make that move will be able to satisfy their needs with less space.",
    "output": "[Cause] they use infrastructure as a service [Relation] cause [Effect] smaller need for data centers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] companies that don't make that move [Relation] enable [Effect]  to satisfy their needs with less space",
    "input": "While we see the possibility that enterprises will have less need for data centers if they use infrastructure as a service, or IaaS, to a greater extent, our bigger concern is that companies that don't make that move will be able to satisfy their needs with less space.",
    "output": "[Cause] we see the possibility that enterprises will have less need for data centers [Relation] cause [Effect] we see the possibility that companies that don't make that move will be able to satisfy their needs with less space",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the aircraft are not intended to be operational until the early 2030s [Relation] enable [Effect]  gives us confidence",
    "input": "The FVL contract is intended to be awarded in 2022, but the aircraft are not intended to be operational until the early 2030s, which gives us confidence that Bell's military segment will continue earning excess returns until then at least.",
    "output": "[Cause] The FVL contract is intended to be awarded in 2022, but the aircraft are not intended to be operational until the early 2030s [Relation] enable [Effect] Bell's military segment will continue earning excess returns until then at least",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] tailwinds in areas such as food delivery and telehealth [Relation] prevent [Effect] the COVID-19 pandemic has created headwinds in some industries that Twilio services",
    "input": "While the COVID-19 pandemic has created headwinds in some industries that Twilio services such as ride-sharing and dining, this has been offset by tailwinds in areas such as food delivery and telehealth.",
    "output": "[Cause] the COVID-19 pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] created headwinds in some industries that Twilio services such as ride-sharing and dining",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] university faculty members, researchers, specialized practitioners, and scientists depend on ready access to journal articles to stay current in their fields and disseminate their research [Relation] cause [Effect] libraries are loath to cut subscriptions their constituents demand.",
    "input": "As university faculty members, researchers, specialized practitioners, and scientists depend on ready access to journal articles to stay current in their fields and disseminate their research, libraries are loath to cut subscriptions their constituents demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] university faculty members, researchers, specialized practitioners, and scientists depend on ready access to journal articles [Relation] enable [Effect] stay current in their fields and disseminate their research",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] even slightly differentiated technical features can cause an end user to prefer one tool over a similar tool in the company's precise scientific end markets [Relation] cause [Effect] those other intangible assets contribute to Illumina's competitive advantages, too",
    "input": "Beyond the legal power of patents, even slightly differentiated technical features can cause an end user to prefer one tool over a similar tool in the company's precise scientific end markets, so we think those other intangible assets contribute to Illumina's competitive advantages, too.",
    "output": "[Cause] those other intangible assets [Relation] cause [Effect] Illumina's competitive advantages",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Aduhelm gained approval based on one successful study [Relation] cause [Effect] we believe the probability that donanemab will be approved is 85% based on the successful phase 2 Trailblazer study",
    "input": "Since Aduhelm gained approval based on one successful study, we believe the probability that donanemab will be approved is 85% based on the successful phase 2 Trailblazer study.",
    "output": "[Cause] Aduhelm gained approval based on one successful study [Relation] cause [Effect] we believe that donanemab will be approved is 85% based on the successful phase 2 Trailblazer study",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its large installed base [Relation] enable [Effect]  fluid handling benefits",
    "input": "Lastly, fluid handling benefits from its large installed base because customers tend to be risk-averse and often replace products like-for-like.",
    "output": "[Cause] customers tend to be risk-averse [Relation] cause [Effect] fluid handling benefits from its large installed base",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  fluid handling benefits from its large installed base [Relation] cause [Effect]  customers tend to be risk-averse and often replace products like-for-like",
    "input": "Lastly, fluid handling benefits from its large installed base because customers tend to be risk-averse and often replace products like-for-like.",
    "output": "[Cause] customers tend to be risk-averse and often replace products like-for-like [Relation] cause [Effect] fluid handling benefits from its large installed base",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the high concentrations of potassium in the brines and nitrates in the company's caliche ore [Relation] enable [Effect] SQM also holds a cost-advantaged position in specialty fertilizers",
    "input": "Because of the high concentrations of potassium in the brines and nitrates in the company's caliche ore, SQM also holds a cost-advantaged position in specialty fertilizers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the high concentrations of potassium in the brines and nitrates in the company's caliche ore [Relation] cause [Effect] SQM also holds a cost-advantaged position in specialty fertilizers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] stringent diesel environmental regulations have [Relation] cause [Effect] increased revenue and profitability for Cummins",
    "input": "We observe that in the past decade more stringent diesel environmental regulations have led to increased revenue and profitability for Cummins as it captures a large share of vehicle content.",
    "output": "[Cause] it captures a large share of vehicle content [Relation] cause [Effect] in the past decade more stringent diesel environmental regulations have led to increased revenue and profitability for Cummins",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  beer is often consumed in a social environment, particularly in the on-premise channel [Relation] cause [Effect] Product positioning is particularly important in premiumizing markets",
    "input": "Product positioning is particularly important in premiumizing markets because beer is often consumed in a social environment, particularly in the on-premise channel, so brand choice is fairly conspicuous.",
    "output": "[Cause] beer is often consumed in a social environment, particularly in the on-premise channel [Relation] cause [Effect] Product positioning is particularly important in premiumizing markets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  cord-cutting [Relation] cause [Effect] video subscriptions in the cable industry declining",
    "input": "With video subscriptions in the cable industry declining with cord-cutting, we don't see Lumen's lack of that service as too problematic.",
    "output": "[Cause] video subscriptions in the cable industry declining with cord-cutting [Relation] cause [Effect] we don't see Lumen's lack of that service as too problematic",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] end markets rebound from the coronanvirus' effects in 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] 8% compound annual sales growth for ON through 2025, inclusive of supernormal 21% growth in 2021",
    "input": "We expect 8% compound annual sales growth for ON through 2025, inclusive of supernormal 21% growth in 2021 as end markets rebound from the coronanvirus' effects in 2020.",
    "output": "[Cause] end markets rebound from the coronanvirus' effects in 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect] 8% compound annual sales growth for ON through 2025, inclusive of supernormal 21% growth in 2021",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  supply has been slow to respond with expansions [Relation] cause [Effect] could be years of economic profit generation",
    "input": "Although we'd anticipate there could be years of economic profit generation when supply has been slow to respond with expansions, we do not have confidence that cannabis companies could consistently earn positive economic profits over the next decade.",
    "output": "[Cause] supply has been slow to respond with expansions [Relation] prevent [Effect] cannabis companies could consistently earn positive economic profits over the next decade",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its ability to drive repeat business is widely reliant on customer loyalty and smart marketing and merchandising [Relation] enable [Effect] Williams-Sonoma's brand intangible asset has historically been the supporting factor in the firm's top- and bottom-line growth",
    "input": "We contend that Williams-Sonoma's brand intangible asset has historically been the supporting factor in the firm's top- and bottom-line growth, as its ability to drive repeat business is widely reliant on customer loyalty and smart marketing and merchandising.",
    "output": "[Cause] its ability to drive repeat business is widely reliant on customer loyalty and smart marketing and merchandising [Relation] cause [Effect] Williams-Sonoma's brand intangible asset has historically been the supporting factor in the firm's top- and bottom-line growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] providing more holistic security [Relation] enable [Effect] alleviate complications",
    "input": "We believe the ability to add technologies via subscriptions in the Palo Alto framework can alleviate complications by providing more holistic security, which can generate sustainable demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ability to add technologies via subscriptions in the Palo Alto framework [Relation] enable [Effect] alleviate complications by providing more holistic security",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the ability to add technologies via subscriptions in the Palo Alto framework [Relation] enable [Effect]  generate sustainable demand",
    "input": "We believe the ability to add technologies via subscriptions in the Palo Alto framework can alleviate complications by providing more holistic security, which can generate sustainable demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] the ability to add technologies via subscriptions in the Palo Alto framework [Relation] enable [Effect] alleviate complications",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Faster Internet connections and more capable devices [Relation] enable [Effect] online television a more compelling alternative to traditional cable and satellite",
    "input": "Faster Internet connections and more capable devices have made online television a more compelling alternative to traditional cable and satellite.",
    "output": "[Cause] Faster Internet connections and more capable devices [Relation] enable [Effect] online television a more compelling alternative to traditional cable and satellite",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Five Below saw 10% comparable growth during the holiday season [Relation] enable [Effect] we are lifting our valuation to $114 per share (from $103)",
    "input": "After Five Below saw 10% comparable growth during the holiday season, we are lifting our valuation to $114 per share (from $103).",
    "output": "[Cause] Five Below saw 10% comparable growth during the holiday season [Relation] cause [Effect] we are lifting our valuation to $114 per share (from $113)",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its reliance on acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect]  Group 1 always faces the risk of overpaying for a dealership or taking on too much debt to finance new deals",
    "input": "Because of its reliance on acquisitions, Group 1 always faces the risk of overpaying for a dealership or taking on too much debt to finance new deals.",
    "output": "[Cause] its reliance on acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] Group 1 always faces the risk of overpaying for a dealership or taking on too much debt to finance new deals",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] customer speed demands ratchet higher [Relation] cause [Effect] Virgin has a long lead time to grab market share in most of the country",
    "input": "In an event, Virgin has a long lead time to grab market share in most of the country as customer speed demands ratchet higher.",
    "output": "[Cause] customer speed demands ratchet higher [Relation] cause [Effect] Virgin has a long lead time to grab market share in most of the country",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Payments and other technology investments bleed over into the corporate payments space [Relation] enable [Effect] Wells' treasury and payments management platform has helped the bank maintain excellent share in the commercial market",
    "input": "Payments and other technology investments bleed over into the corporate payments space, where Wells' treasury and payments management platform has helped the bank maintain excellent share in the commercial market, particularly with middle-market business clients.",
    "output": "[Cause] Wells' treasury and payments management platform [Relation] enable [Effect] the bank maintain excellent share in the commercial market",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  failure to gain meaningful share in wireless [Relation] cause [Effect]  likely lead the company to economic losses for the foreseeable future.",
    "input": "Given the commitment and capital it has already dedicated to wireless, failure to gain meaningful share in wireless will likely lead the company to economic losses for the foreseeable future.",
    "output": "[Cause] the commitment and capital it has already dedicated to wireless [Relation] cause [Effect] failure to gain meaningful share in wireless will likely lead the company to economic losses for the foreseeable future",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] focusing on particular lines of business and underwriting them better than competitors [Relation] enable [Effect] A cost advantage",
    "input": "A cost advantage can be achieved by either superior underwriting by, for example, focusing on particular lines of business and underwriting them better than competitors.",
    "output": "[Cause] focusing on particular lines of business and underwriting them better than competitors [Relation] enable [Effect] A cost advantage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] bringing down some of our organic revenue assumptions over the medium term [Relation] cause [Effect] slightly raising our midcycle margin",
    "input": "After reviewing Dover's 10-K and rolling our model, we raise our fair value estimate to $116 per share from $113, mostly due to slightly raising our midcycle margin, though this was offset by bringing down some of our organic revenue assumptions over the medium term.",
    "output": "[Cause] slightly raising our midcycle margin [Relation] cause [Effect] we raise our fair value estimate to $116 per share from $113",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Bio-Techne needs to maintain a dominant position in proteins [Relation] enable [Effect] have long-term success",
    "input": "To have long-term success, Bio-Techne needs to maintain a dominant position in proteins, and at the same time expand its presence in genomics, without compromising on quality standards across the firm's large protein portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] maintain a dominant position in proteins [Relation] enable [Effect] extend its presence in genomics",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] compromising on quality standards across the firm's large protein portfolio [Relation] prevent [Effect] have long-term success",
    "input": "To have long-term success, Bio-Techne needs to maintain a dominant position in proteins, and at the same time expand its presence in genomics, without compromising on quality standards across the firm's large protein portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] maintain a dominant position in proteins [Relation] enable [Effect] expand its presence in genomics",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] expand its presence in genomics [Relation] enable [Effect] have long-term success",
    "input": "To have long-term success, Bio-Techne needs to maintain a dominant position in proteins, and at the same time expand its presence in genomics, without compromising on quality standards across the firm's large protein portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] Bio-Techne needs to maintain a dominant position in proteins [Relation] enable [Effect] expand its presence in genomics",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increased regulation of emissions in both its own production and the use of its products by customers, potential accusations of price collusion in local markets, and increased regulation of water usage in its production process [Relation] enable [Effect] Martin Marietta's biggest ESG risks",
    "input": "Martin Marietta's biggest ESG risks are around increased regulation of emissions in both its own production and the use of its products by customers, potential accusations of price collusion in local markets, and increased regulation of water usage in its production process.",
    "output": "[Cause] increased regulation of emissions in both its own production and the use of its products by customers, potential accusations of price collusion in local markets, and increased regulation of water usage in its production process [Relation] cause [Effect] Martin Marietta's biggest ESG risks",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Palo Alto's strategic efforts [Relation] prevent [Effect]  our outlook",
    "input": "Although we expect the company to expand its operating results, there are a few notable risks in the cybersecurity market, and Palo Alto's strategic efforts could inhibit our outlook.",
    "output": "[Cause] Palo Alto's strategic efforts [Relation] prevent [Effect] our outlook",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Skilled services like these are generally provided under long-term agreements [Relation] enable [Effect] Emerson to move from purely an equipment and traditional service business, to increasingly providing consulting services",
    "input": "Skilled services like these are generally provided under long-term agreements and has allowed Emerson to move from purely an equipment and traditional service business, to increasingly providing consulting services.",
    "output": "[Cause] Skilled services like these are generally provided under long-term agreements [Relation] enable [Effect] Emerson to move from purely an equipment and traditional service business, to increasingly providing consulting services",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Cooper's large advertising spending and salesforce mobilization [Relation] prevent [Effect] new competitors to attempt to enter the IUD space, especially when more lucrative options exist",
    "input": "We believe that Cooper's large advertising spending and salesforce mobilization is yet another cost that makes it unlikely for new competitors to attempt to enter the IUD space, especially when more lucrative options exist.",
    "output": "[Cause] Cooper's large advertising spending and salesforce mobilization [Relation] cause [Effect] it unlikely for new competitors to attempt to enter the IUD space",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The larger and more frequent the volume changes [Relation] cause [Effect] the less efficient the asset is",
    "input": "The larger and more frequent the volume changes are, the less efficient the asset is, particularly when a barrel's destination can change from Corpus Christi to Cushing to the Gulf Coast, requiring incremental investment with a less certain long-term return.",
    "output": "[Cause] The larger and more frequent the volume changes are, the less efficient the asset is, particularly when a barrel's destination can change from Corpus Christi to Cushing to the Gulf Coast [Relation] cause [Effect] requiring incremental investment with a less certain long-term return",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Total invests a minimum of $2 billion per year or about 15% of total spending from 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] Gross renewable generation capacity is expected to grow from about 7 gigawatts today to 35 GW by 2025",
    "input": "Gross renewable generation capacity is expected to grow from about 7 gigawatts today to 35 GW by 2025 as Total invests a minimum of $2 billion per year or about 15% of total spending from 2021.",
    "output": "[Cause] Total invests a minimum of $2 billion per year or about 15% of total spending from 2021 [Relation] cause [Effect] Gross renewable generation capacity is expected to grow from about 7 gigawatts today to 35 GW by 2025",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm will increasingly direct its R&D and capital expenditures toward these divisions [Relation] cause [Effect] higher-growing portions of GDP",
    "input": "With 3M's current lineup, we forecast the firm will increasingly direct its R&D and capital expenditures toward these divisions, which we conclude are higher-growing portions of GDP.",
    "output": "[Cause] 3M's current lineup [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm will increasingly direct its R&D and capital expenditures toward these divisions",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Some of Xilinx's FPGAs are used extensively in communication equipment that may have operational lifetimes of at least a decade if not longer [Relation] cause [Effect] it can not only be difficult for new entrants to gain market share but also less likely that existing customers defect from Altera to Xilinx or vice versa",
    "input": "Some of Xilinx's FPGAs are used extensively in communication equipment that may have operational lifetimes of at least a decade if not longer. Thus, it can not only be difficult for new entrants to gain market share but also less likely that existing customers defect from Altera to Xilinx or vice versa.",
    "output": "[Cause] Some of Xilinx's FPGAs are used extensively in communication equipment that may have operational lifetimes of at least a decade if not longer [Relation] cause [Effect] it can not only be difficult for new entrants to gain market share but also less likely that existing customers defect from Altera to Xilinx or vice versa",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the model year and selected options on any vehicle [Relation] cause [Effect] Hard parts are increasingly complex and can vary significantly",
    "input": "Hard parts are increasingly complex and can vary significantly depending on the model year and selected options on any vehicle.",
    "output": "[Cause] the model year and selected options on any vehicle [Relation] cause [Effect] Hard parts are increasingly complex and can vary significantly",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Given the expense associated with chip design, the margin for error is virtually non-existent [Relation] cause [Effect] designers are more likely to prefer tools that they are comfortable utilizing and would lead to lower chance of them making a mistake",
    "input": "Given the expense associated with chip design, the margin for error is virtually non-existent, as a result of which designers are more likely to prefer tools that they are comfortable utilizing and would lead to lower chance of them making a mistake.",
    "output": "[Cause] the expense associated with chip design [Relation] cause [Effect] the margin for error is virtually non-existent",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the competitive nature of the home furnishing industry [Relation] cause [Effect]  it could be difficult to maintain consistent comp growth",
    "input": "Longer term, even with store closures and updated merchandising tactics, we think it could be difficult to maintain consistent comp growth given the competitive nature of the home furnishing industry.",
    "output": "[Cause] the competitive nature of the home furnishing industry [Relation] cause [Effect] it could be difficult to maintain consistent comp growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the portfolio transition [Relation] cause [Effect] an inorganic double-digit decline in 2022",
    "input": "Nevertheless, after an inorganic double-digit decline in 2022 due to the portfolio transition, we expect 3%-4% growth for this business throughout our forecast.",
    "output": "[Cause] the portfolio transition [Relation] cause [Effect] an inorganic double-digit decline in 2022",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] customer acquisition of more expensive models and by add-on features such as Surf Gate [Relation] cause [Effect] net sales per unit in the Malibu segment have increased 33% since 2016",
    "input": "Overall, net sales per unit in the Malibu segment have increased 33% since 2016, driven primarily by customer acquisition of more expensive models and by add-on features such as Surf Gate.",
    "output": "[Cause] customer acquisition of more expensive models and by add-on features such as Surf Gate [Relation] cause [Effect] net sales per unit in the Malibu segment have increased 33% since 2016",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] new competitors and alternative liquidity providers encroach on the New York Stock Exchange [Relation] enable [Effect] ICE's equity trading is likely to continue to face stiff headwinds",
    "input": "ICE's equity trading is likely to continue to face stiff headwinds as new competitors and alternative liquidity providers encroach on the New York Stock Exchange.",
    "output": "[Cause] new competitors and alternative liquidity providers encroach on the New York Stock Exchange [Relation] cause [Effect] ICE's equity trading is likely to continue to face stiff headwinds",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it pertains to something less imperative than taxes, which is checking up on one's financial health [Relation] cause [Effect] Mint has lower switching costs than TurboTax",
    "input": "We think that Mint has lower switching costs than TurboTax, given that it pertains to something less imperative than taxes, which is checking up on one's financial health.",
    "output": "[Cause] it pertains to something less imperative than taxes, which is checking up on one's financial health [Relation] cause [Effect] Mint has lower switching costs than TurboTax",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Paychex's customers will hire employees for their HR departments; however, the employee will actually be technically employed by Paychex [Relation] cause [Effect] smaller employers can access better rates for insurance and health benefits that Paychex can access as a larger employer",
    "input": "Paychex's customers will hire employees for their HR departments; however, the employee will actually be technically employed by Paychex. This way, smaller employers can access better rates for insurance and health benefits that Paychex can access as a larger employer.",
    "output": "[Cause] Paychex's customers will hire employees for their HR departments; however, the employee will actually be technically employed by Paychex [Relation] enable [Effect] smaller employers can access better rates for insurance and health benefits that Paychex can access as a larger employer",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] wealthier customers' spending is less sensitive to recessions [Relation] cause [Effect]  premium brands such as Mercedes-Benz limit exposure to downturns suffered by mass-market auto companies",
    "input": "Even so, premium brands such as Mercedes-Benz limit exposure to downturns suffered by mass-market auto companies because wealthier customers' spending is less sensitive to recessions.",
    "output": "[Cause] wealthier customers' spending is less sensitive to recessions [Relation] cause [Effect] premium brands such as Mercedes-Benz limit exposure to downturns suffered by mass-market auto companies",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a combination of acquisitions and organic investments [Relation] enable [Effect] Nasdaq has built broad product offerings in the corporate services and investment analytics spaces",
    "input": "Outside of its exchanges and their associated revenue streams, Nasdaq has built broad product offerings in the corporate services and investment analytics spaces using a combination of acquisitions and organic investments.",
    "output": "[Cause] a combination of acquisitions and organic investments [Relation] enable [Effect] Nasdaq has built broad product offerings in the corporate services and investment analytics spaces",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] unpredictable economic and competitive challenges in certain markets [Relation] cause [Effect] introduce volatility and keep margin improvements modest",
    "input": "We expect opportunities for cost-cutting resulting from recent acquisitions, but unpredictable economic and competitive challenges in certain markets will likely introduce volatility and keep margin improvements modest.",
    "output": "[Cause] opportunities for cost-cutting resulting from recent acquisitions [Relation] cause [Effect] unpredictable economic and competitive challenges in certain markets will likely introduce volatility and keep margin improvements modest",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the market hits oversupply, pricing falls [Relation] cause [Effect] Seagate's economic profits with it",
    "input": "In periods of tight supply and favorable pricing, Seagate can earn excess returns on invested capital, but when the market hits oversupply, pricing falls, bringing Seagate's economic profits with it.",
    "output": "[Cause] the market hits oversupply [Relation] cause [Effect] pricing falls",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it depleted the asset base at the parent level and left Card Services as the dominant source of income for the firm [Relation] cause [Effect] The sale of Alliance Data Systems' Epsilon has placed even more pressure on this business structure",
    "input": "The sale of Alliance Data Systems' Epsilon has placed even more pressure on this business structure as it depleted the asset base at the parent level and left Card Services as the dominant source of income for the firm.",
    "output": "[Cause] it depleted the asset base at the parent level and left Card Services as the dominant source of income for the firm [Relation] cause [Effect] The sale of Alliance Data Systems' Epsilon has placed even more pressure on this business structure",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] enterprise software experienced significant downtime or suffered a poor software release [Relation] cause [Effect]  a company could bear immense costs",
    "input": "If enterprise software experienced significant downtime or suffered a poor software release, or if a company's servers were not properly maintained or well balanced in terms of loads, a company could bear immense costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] enterprise software experienced significant downtime or suffered a poor software release [Relation] cause [Effect] a company could bear immense costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a company's servers were not properly maintained or well balanced in terms of loads [Relation] cause [Effect]  a company could bear immense costs",
    "input": "If enterprise software experienced significant downtime or suffered a poor software release, or if a company's servers were not properly maintained or well balanced in terms of loads, a company could bear immense costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] a company's servers were not properly maintained or well balanced in terms of loads [Relation] cause [Effect] a company could bear immense costs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the firm's SaaS-based offerings [Relation] enable [Effect] increase the business' recurring revenue stream and increase customer stickiness in the long run",
    "input": "We see some evidence of customer switching costs as technicians become familiar with Matco's platform, and we expect the firm's SaaS-based offerings to help increase the business' recurring revenue stream and increase customer stickiness in the long run.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm's SaaS-based offerings [Relation] enable [Effect] increase the business' recurring revenue stream and increase customer stickiness in the long run",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Adient is in the process of consolidating some of its Chinese seating joint ventures [Relation] cause [Effect]  it can pursue business with more Japanese, German, and startup electric vehicle firms",
    "input": "Adient is in the process of consolidating some of its Chinese seating joint ventures so it can pursue business with more Japanese, German, and startup electric vehicle firms.",
    "output": "[Cause] Adient is in the process of consolidating some of its Chinese seating joint ventures [Relation] enable [Effect] it can pursue business with more Japanese, German, and startup electric vehicle firms",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] This ability of users to customize their Nice products and generate personalized analytics and integrations [Relation] enable [Effect] attract new customers",
    "input": "This ability of users to customize their Nice products and generate personalized analytics and integrations is likely to attract new customers, which in turn will attract new developers as they can reach a wider audience.",
    "output": "[Cause] This ability of users to customize their Nice products and generate personalized analytics and integrations [Relation] enable [Effect] attract new customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] they can reach a wider audience [Relation] enable [Effect] attract new developers",
    "input": "This ability of users to customize their Nice products and generate personalized analytics and integrations is likely to attract new customers, which in turn will attract new developers as they can reach a wider audience.",
    "output": "[Cause] attract new developers [Relation] cause [Effect] This ability of users to customize their Nice products and generate personalized analytics and integrations",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] negotiating lower rates from suppliers and getting new products into their stores faster than others [Relation] enable [Effect] A small number of large apparel retailers have created a cost advantage",
    "input": "A small number of large apparel retailers have created a cost advantage by negotiating lower rates from suppliers and getting new products into their stores faster than others.",
    "output": "[Cause] negotiating lower rates from suppliers and getting new products into their stores faster than others [Relation] enable [Effect] A small number of large apparel retailers have created a cost advantage",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company has a history of goodwill and fixed-asset impairments [Relation] cause [Effect] book value could decline if a large impairment is taken",
    "input": "The company has a history of goodwill and fixed-asset impairments, so book value could decline if a large impairment is taken.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company has a history of goodwill and fixed-asset impairments [Relation] cause [Effect] book value could decline if a large impairment is taken",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it would have to reformulate products [Relation] cause [Effect] Regulations on its products, such as a ban on certain chemicals, represent a risk to Scotts",
    "input": "Regulations on its products, such as a ban on certain chemicals, represent a risk to Scotts, as it would have to reformulate products.",
    "output": "[Cause] it would have to reformulate products [Relation] cause [Effect] Regulations on its products, such as a ban on certain chemicals, represent a risk to Scotts",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  rate adjustments for capital investments 30 days prospectively and 155 days retroactively [Relation] enable [Effect]  eliminates regulatory lag",
    "input": "Texas legislation also passed in 2015 virtually eliminates regulatory lag by allowing rate adjustments for capital investments 30 days prospectively and 155 days retroactively.",
    "output": "[Cause] Texas legislation also passed in 2015 [Relation] enable [Effect] virtually eliminates regulatory lag",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the leading market constituent should be able to deliver the best new product and take price [Relation] prevent [Effect]  the demand for snowmobiles will be tempered by a lengthy product replacement cycle",
    "input": "We believe that the demand for snowmobiles will be tempered by a lengthy product replacement cycle, but that the leading market constituent should be able to deliver the best new product and take price.",
    "output": "[Cause] the demand for snowmobiles will be tempered by a lengthy product replacement cycle [Relation] cause [Effect] the leading market constituent should be able to deliver the best new product and take price",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the pandemic has accelerated the broader shift to e-commerce sales [Relation] cause [Effect] pulling forward years of B2C package growth and driving up residential deliveries for ground",
    "input": "In short, the pandemic has accelerated the broader shift to e-commerce sales, pulling forward years of B2C package growth and driving up residential deliveries for ground.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic has accelerated the broader shift to e-commerce sales [Relation] cause [Effect] pulling forward years of B2C package growth and driving up residential deliveries for ground",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] any stagnation in Corning's ability to innovate, or renewed vigor or capital intensity from a competitor [Relation] cause [Effect] eat into Corning's leading market share",
    "input": "We think that any stagnation in Corning's ability to innovate, or renewed vigor or capital intensity from a competitor, could eat into Corning's leading market share.",
    "output": "[Cause] any stagnation in Corning's ability to innovate, or renewed vigor or capital intensity from a competitor [Relation] cause [Effect] eat into Corning's leading market share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its innovation, scales, and teacher quality with standardized facilities and teaching materials [Relation] cause [Effect] dominate players such as TAL should continue to gain market share",
    "input": "In addition, we believe that dominate players such as TAL should continue to gain market share due to its innovation, scales, and teacher quality with standardized facilities and teaching materials.",
    "output": "[Cause] its innovation, scales, and teacher quality with standardized facilities and teaching materials [Relation] cause [Effect] dominate players such as TAL should continue to gain market share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company's dominance in Mexico [Relation] cause [Effect] the Mexico and Central America segment to outpace South America",
    "input": "Geographically, we expect the Mexico and Central America segment to outpace South America, particularly in price, owing to the company's dominance in Mexico.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's dominance in Mexico [Relation] cause [Effect] the Mexico and Central America segment to outpace South America",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] give way to higher slaughter rates in the coming years [Relation] enable [Effect] boosting the amount of resin packaging sold by Sealed Air",
    "input": "Rebuilt North American and European herds should give way to higher slaughter rates in the coming years, boosting the amount of resin packaging sold by Sealed Air.",
    "output": "[Cause] Rebuilt North American and European herds [Relation] enable [Effect] boosting the amount of resin packaging sold by Sealed Air",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the competitive gaming markets it competes in [Relation] cause [Effect] Caesars' 6.3% return on invested capital including goodwill on average the past three prepandemic years (2017-19) sits below its 8.7% weighted average cost of capital",
    "input": "As a result of the competitive gaming markets it competes in, Caesars' 6.3% return on invested capital including goodwill on average the past three prepandemic years (2017-19) sits below its 8.7% weighted average cost of capital, supporting our stance that it has failed to carve out an edge.",
    "output": "[Cause] the competitive gaming markets it competes in [Relation] cause [Effect] Caesars' 6.3% return on invested capital including goodwill on average the past three prepandemic years (2017-19) sits below its 8.7% weighted average cost of capital",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the competitive gaming markets it competes in [Relation] enable [Effect] supporting our stance that it has failed to carve out an edge",
    "input": "As a result of the competitive gaming markets it competes in, Caesars' 6.3% return on invested capital including goodwill on average the past three prepandemic years (2017-19) sits below its 8.7% weighted average cost of capital, supporting our stance that it has failed to carve out an edge.",
    "output": "[Cause] Caesars' 6.3% return on invested capital including goodwill on average the past three prepandemic years (2017-19) sits below its 8.7% weighted average cost of capital [Relation] cause [Effect] it has failed to carve out an edge",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its oil sands operations, making it a higher-cost producer [Relation] cause [Effect] Exxon's upstream greenhouse gas intensity is rather high for its peer group at 38 kg CO2e/boe (2019) by our estimates",
    "input": "Exxon's upstream greenhouse gas intensity is rather high for its peer group at 38 kg CO2e/boe (2019) by our estimates due to its oil sands operations, making it a higher-cost producer.",
    "output": "[Cause] its oil sands operations [Relation] cause [Effect] it a higher-cost producer",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] catastrophic 2020 results for Kohl's",
    "input": "We expect that COVID-19 will result in catastrophic 2020 results for Kohl's, as we forecast a sales decline of 20% and an adjusted EBITDA drop of more than 75%.",
    "output": "[Cause] COVID-19 [Relation] cause [Effect] catastrophic 2020 results for Kohl's",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the low-risk nature of the utility and ASB [Relation] cause [Effect] we assume a 7.5% cost of equity versus",
    "input": "Due to the low-risk nature of the utility and ASB, we assume a 7.5% cost of equity versus the 9% rate of return we expect investors will demand of a diversified equity portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] the low-risk nature of the utility and ASB [Relation] cause [Effect] a 7.5% cost of equity versus the 9% rate of return we expect investors will demand of a diversified equity portfolio",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] this allows futures traders to net their positions out when posting collateral [Relation] cause [Effect] It is much more efficient for customers to trade two different equity index futures on the same exchange",
    "input": "It is much more efficient for customers to trade two different equity index futures on the same exchange as this allows futures traders to net their positions out when posting collateral.",
    "output": "[Cause] It is much more efficient for customers to trade two different equity index futures on the same exchange [Relation] enable [Effect] futures traders to net their positions out when posting collateral",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] price competition [Relation] cause [Effect] company experiencing a stretch of lower per unit revenue year over year",
    "input": "For a time, this seemed to be happening, with the company experiencing a stretch of lower per unit revenue year over year from price competition.",
    "output": "[Cause] a stretch of lower per unit revenue year over year from price competition [Relation] cause [Effect] For a time, this seemed to be happening",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] China were to avoid using U.S.-based MCUs in the future [Relation] cause [Effect] NXP might even be a beneficiary",
    "input": "That said, since NXP is based in the Netherlands, NXP might even be a beneficiary if China were to avoid using U.S.-based MCUs in the future.",
    "output": "[Cause] NXP is based in the Netherlands [Relation] cause [Effect] NXP might even be a beneficiary",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] NXP is based in the Netherlands [Relation] enable [Effect] NXP might even be a beneficiary",
    "input": "That said, since NXP is based in the Netherlands, NXP might even be a beneficiary if China were to avoid using U.S.-based MCUs in the future.",
    "output": "[Cause] China were to avoid using U.S.-based MCUs in the future [Relation] cause [Effect] NXP might even be a beneficiary",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] We increased our projections for cancer drug Loxo-305 and diabetes drug tirzepatide [Relation] enable [Effect] strong clinical data and Lilly's solid commitment to developing the drugs in phase 3",
    "input": "We increased our projections for cancer drug Loxo-305 and diabetes drug tirzepatide based on strong clinical data and Lilly's solid commitment to developing the drugs in phase 3.",
    "output": "[Cause] strong clinical data and Lilly's solid commitment to developing the drugs in phase 3 [Relation] enable [Effect] We increased our projections for cancer drug Loxo-305 and diabetes drug tirzepatide",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Zebra has also relied on hefty R&D investment and add-on acquisitions [Relation] enable [Effect] fuel top-line growth and stave off competition",
    "input": "Zebra has also relied on hefty R&D investment and add-on acquisitions to fuel top-line growth and stave off competition; any slowdown in these activities could open the firm up to a greater competitive threat.",
    "output": "[Cause] any slowdown in these activities [Relation] enable [Effect] the firm up to a greater competitive threat",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] any slowdown in these activities [Relation] cause [Effect] open the firm up to a greater competitive threat",
    "input": "Zebra has also relied on hefty R&D investment and add-on acquisitions to fuel top-line growth and stave off competition; any slowdown in these activities could open the firm up to a greater competitive threat.",
    "output": "[Cause] any slowdown in these activities [Relation] cause [Effect] open the firm up to a greater competitive threat",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the shift to long-term government contracts [Relation] cause [Effect] a more stable portfolio",
    "input": "The government solutions segment accounted for roughly 83% of the firm's backlog as of December 2020 (compared with only about 16% as of December 2014), and we expect the shift to long-term government contracts to result in a more stable portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] The government solutions segment accounted for roughly 83% of the firm's backlog as of December 2020 (compared with only about 16% as of December 2014) [Relation] cause [Effect] a more stable portfolio",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company could be forced to be a price taker [Relation] cause [Effect] weigh on local profits",
    "input": "In markets and product categories that Tractor Supply overlaps with other big-box retailers (Lowe's, PetSmart, Walmart), we think the company could be forced to be a price taker, which could weigh on local profits.",
    "output": "[Cause] In markets and product categories that Tractor Supply overlaps with other big-box retailers (Lowe's, PetSmart, Walmart) [Relation] cause [Effect] the company could be forced to be a price taker, which could weigh on local profits",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the predecessor firm spent money on sport rights including MLB, college football, college basketball, and soccer (World Cup, MLS, and Bundesliga) [Relation] enable [Effect] have made inroads",
    "input": "The channels remain well behind ESPN in terms of total audience but have made inroads as the predecessor firm spent money on sport rights including MLB, college football, college basketball, and soccer (World Cup, MLS, and Bundesliga).",
    "output": "[Cause] the predecessor firm spent money on sport rights including MLB, college football, college basketball, and soccer (World Cup, MLS, and Bundesliga) [Relation] cause [Effect] The channels remain well behind ESPN in terms of total audience",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] We expect the company to produce fairly strong underwriting results in the near term [Relation] enable [Effect] as it benefits from recent pricing increases and the impact of the coronavirus",
    "input": "We expect the company to produce fairly strong underwriting results in the near term, as it benefits from recent pricing increases and the impact of the coronavirus, but to revert toward historical results over time.",
    "output": "[Cause] it benefits from recent pricing increases and the impact of the coronavirus [Relation] cause [Effect] the company to produce fairly strong underwriting results in the near term",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Gathering and processing volumes across the Rockies and midcontinent fell 18%-20% in the second quarter of 2020 [Relation] cause [Effect] the challenging basin economics for producers and thus volume security for Oneok",
    "input": "Gathering and processing volumes across the Rockies and midcontinent fell 18%-20% in the second quarter of 2020, and while volumes have recovered in late 2020, the sharp decline demonstrates the challenging basin economics for producers and thus volume security for Oneok.",
    "output": "[Cause] the challenging basin economics for producers [Relation] enable [Effect] volume security for Oneok",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  averaged 10%-15% of cost of goods sold before the ramp-up of K3 [Relation] cause [Effect] K3 will not require the additional brine inflow expense",
    "input": "K3 will not require the additional brine inflow expense, which averaged 10%-15% of cost of goods sold before the ramp-up of K3, which will provide Mosaic with more attractive unit costs.",
    "output": "[Cause] K3 will not require the additional brine inflow expense, which averaged 10%-15% of cost of goods sold before the ramp-up of K3 [Relation] cause [Effect] provide Mosaic with more attractive unit costs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] optimizing the quality of operations and capital investments [Relation] enable [Effect] the strategic focus is to uphold TI's premium position",
    "input": "In the domestic market, the strategic focus is to uphold TI's premium position by optimizing the quality of operations and capital investments.",
    "output": "[Cause] optimizing the quality of operations and capital investments [Relation] enable [Effect] the strategic focus is to uphold TI's premium position",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Dominion begins to implement its long-term plan to comply with Virginia's Clean Energy Act [Relation] enable [Effect] We increased our fair value estimate to $81 per share from $80 per share",
    "input": "We increased our fair value estimate to $81 per share from $80 per share as Dominion begins to implement its long-term plan to comply with Virginia's Clean Energy Act.",
    "output": "[Cause] Dominion begins to implement its long-term plan to comply with Virginia's Clean Energy Act [Relation] cause [Effect] We increased our fair value estimate to $81 per share from $80 per share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  we don't anticipate Colgate will turn off the spigot on its brand spend, which we view as particularly vital given the competitive landscape in which it plays [Relation] cause [Effect]  it will expend around 13% of sales (or more than $2.6 billion) annually on research, development, and marketing over our explicit forecast, which we view as a prudent means to support is competitive prowess (including its entrenched standing with dentists, veterinarians, and dermatologists)",
    "input": "But even in the face of this cost pressure, we don't anticipate Colgate will turn off the spigot on its brand spend, which we view as particularly vital given the competitive landscape in which it plays. As such, we forecast it will expend around 13% of sales (or more than $2.6 billion) annually on research, development, and marketing over our explicit forecast, which we view as a prudent means to support is competitive prowess (including its entrenched standing with dentists, veterinarians, and dermatologists).",
    "output": "[Cause] But even in the face of this cost pressure, we don't anticipate Colgate will turn off the spigot on its brand spend, which we view as particularly vital given the competitive landscape in which it plays [Relation] cause [Effect] we forecast it will expend around 13% (or more than $2.6 billion) annually on research, development, and marketing over our explicit forecast, which we view as a prudent means to support is competitive prowess (including its entrenched standing with dentists, veterinarians, and dermatologists)",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its meaningful supply-chain advantages, as well as its marketing, value proposition, and digital engagement measures [Relation] enable [Effect] we like Yum China's ability to compete during a period of heightened price competition",
    "input": "That said, we like Yum China's ability to compete during a period of heightened price competition, given its meaningful supply-chain advantages, as well as its marketing, value proposition, and digital engagement measures.",
    "output": "[Cause] its meaningful supply-chain advantages, as well as its marketing, value proposition, and digital engagement measures [Relation] cause [Effect] we like Yum China's ability to compete during a period of heightened price competition",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] And Victoria's Secret could have to continue to drive in-store traffic with price and promotions after COVID-19 as consumer behavior around brick-and-mortar retailing shifts [Relation] cause [Effect] tempered our forecasts for consolidated gross and operating margins averaging 38% and 11%, respectively, over the next decade versus 39% and 14% over the past five years",
    "input": "And Victoria's Secret could have to continue to drive in-store traffic with price and promotions after COVID-19 as consumer behavior around brick-and-mortar retailing shifts. These concerns have tempered our forecasts for consolidated gross and operating margins averaging 38% and 11%, respectively, over the next decade versus 39% and 14% over the past five years.",
    "output": "[Cause] And Victoria's Secret could have to continue to drive in-store traffic with price and promotions after COVID-19 as consumer behavior around brick-and-mortar retailing shifts [Relation] cause [Effect] tempered our forecasts for consolidated gross and operating margins averaging 38% and 11%, respectively, over the next decade versus 39% and 14% over the past five years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Some of this impact may be offset by quarantined consumers' desire to get out of the house, but we now project that it will take until 2022 for Live Nation to return to 2019 levels [Relation] cause [Effect] 2020 revenue will collapse to $2.1 billion, down 82% from 2019, and will only rebound to $8.5 billion by 2021, or 27% below 2019",
    "input": "Some of this impact may be offset by quarantined consumers' desire to get out of the house, but we now project that it will take until 2022 for Live Nation to return to 2019 levels. As a result, we now project that 2020 revenue will collapse to $2.1 billion, down 82% from 2019, and will only rebound to $8.5 billion by 2021, or 27% below 2019.",
    "output": "[Cause] Some of this impact may be offset by quarantined consumers' desire to get out of the house, but we now project that it will take until 2022 for Live Nation to return to 2019 levels [Relation] cause [Effect] 2020 revenue will collapse to $2.1 billion, down 82% from 2019, and will only rebound to $8.5 billion by 2021, or 27% below 2019",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] these firms can be the most flexible in changing brand mix, and their growing size means they can achieve working-capital efficiencies by moving inventory around their store base [Relation] cause [Effect] the large publicly traded dealers are best positioned for growth",
    "input": "Although most dealerships are good businesses, we think the large publicly traded dealers are best positioned for growth since these firms can be the most flexible in changing brand mix, and their growing size means they can achieve working-capital efficiencies by moving inventory around their store base.",
    "output": "[Cause] these firms can be the most flexible in changing brand mix, and their growing size [Relation] enable [Effect] they can achieve working-capital efficiencies by moving inventory around their store base",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Nike's brands have proven staying power [Relation] cause [Effect] it can continue to earn economic profits for at least the next 20 years",
    "input": "Nike's brands have proven staying power, supporting our view that it can continue to earn economic profits for at least the next 20 years.",
    "output": "[Cause] Nike's brands have proven staying power [Relation] enable [Effect] it can continue to earn economic profits for at least the next 20 years",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the runaway cost of living in West Coast metros [Relation] cause [Effect]  push the tech industry's center of gravity away from these high-cost regions",
    "input": "Finally, we think the runaway cost of living in West Coast metros is an area of concern, given that this has the potential to push the tech industry's center of gravity away from these high-cost regions.",
    "output": "[Cause] this has the potential to push the tech industry's center of gravity away from these high-cost regions [Relation] cause [Effect] the runaway cost of living in West Coast metros is an area of concern",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its newest patented products allow tire manufacturers to meet the pending regulations in all three areas [Relation] cause [Effect] Eastman's continual innovation of its Crystex and Impera brands allow the company to charge a premium",
    "input": "Eastman's continual innovation of its Crystex and Impera brands allow the company to charge a premium as its newest patented products allow tire manufacturers to meet the pending regulations in all three areas.",
    "output": "[Cause] its newest patented products allow tire manufacturers to meet the pending regulations in all three areas [Relation] cause [Effect] Eastman's continual innovation of its Crystex and Impera brands allow the company to charge a premium",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] hotels have approached the occupancy peak [Relation] enable [Effect] rate growth decelerate",
    "input": "However, during this extended economic cycle, we have seen rate growth decelerate as hotels have approached the occupancy peak.",
    "output": "[Cause] hotels have approached the occupancy peak [Relation] cause [Effect] rate growth decelerate",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a 10% increase in coal or natural gas [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce earnings by less than $0.005 per share",
    "input": "In 2021, AES estimates that a 10% increase in coal or natural gas would reduce earnings by less than $0.005 per share.",
    "output": "[Cause] a 10% increase in coal or natural gas [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce earnings by less than $0.005 per share",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  its lucrative brine assets in the Salar de Atacama in Chile [Relation] cause [Effect] Albemarle has a cost advantage in lithium carbonate production",
    "input": "Albemarle has a cost advantage in lithium carbonate production due to its lucrative brine assets in the Salar de Atacama in Chile, which make up approximately 80% of its lithium profits.",
    "output": "[Cause] its lucrative brine assets in the Salar de Atacama in Chile [Relation] cause [Effect] Albemarle has a cost advantage in lithium carbonate production",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] We look for robust truck-brokerage market conditions to persist throughout most of 2021, especially in terms of a strong late 2020/early 2021 contract bidding season (rate recovery) [Relation] enable [Effect]  benefiting from extremely tight TL supply",
    "input": "We look for robust truck-brokerage market conditions to persist throughout most of 2021, especially in terms of a strong late 2020/early 2021 contract bidding season (rate recovery), which is benefiting from extremely tight TL supply.",
    "output": "[Cause] extremely tight TL supply [Relation] enable [Effect] robust truck-brokerage market conditions to persist throughout most of 2021",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] operating cost cuts [Relation] cause [Effect] an operating margin of 7.7%, up 340 basis points from 2019",
    "input": "Moreover, due to operating cost cuts, its selling, general, and administrative expenses rose only 2.9% in 2020, leading to an operating margin of 7.7%, up 340 basis points from 2019.",
    "output": "[Cause] operating cost cuts [Relation] cause [Effect] its selling, general, and administrative expenses rose only 2.9% in 2020",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Risks surrounding additional waves of COVID-19 cases remain [Relation] cause [Effect] potential needs for incremental liquidity",
    "input": "Risks surrounding additional waves of COVID-19 cases remain, leading to potential needs for incremental liquidity, which perhaps could occur at value destructive levels.",
    "output": "[Cause] Risks surrounding additional waves of COVID-19 cases remain [Relation] cause [Effect] potential needs for incremental liquidity",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] sales from mobile devices are relatively concentrated [Relation] cause [Effect] requiring less SG&amp;A spend to maintain sales growth",
    "input": "Also, while industrial and automotive markets are relatively fragmented, sales from mobile devices are relatively concentrated, requiring less SG&amp;A spend to maintain sales growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] requiring less SG&amp;A spend [Relation] enable [Effect] maintain sales growth",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  long-term growth and mix shift to higher-margin premium mass gaming and nongaming in the Macao market [Relation] cause [Effect] operating margins are modeled to reach 23% in 2030 from about 13% in the prepandemic year of 2019",
    "input": "Additionally, operating margins are modeled to reach 23% in 2030 from about 13% in the prepandemic year of 2019, aided by long-term growth and mix shift to higher-margin premium mass gaming and nongaming in the Macao market.",
    "output": "[Cause] long-term growth and mix shift to higher-margin premium mass gaming and nongaming in the Macao market [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins are modeled to reach 23% in 2030 from about 13% in the prepandemic year of 2019",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the risk of product quality issues or recalls remains [Relation] cause [Effect] damage the firm's brands and its relationships with medical professionals",
    "input": "Despite Abbott's recent efforts to better insulate itself from recalls like the infant formula recall in China during 2013, the risk of product quality issues or recalls remains and can damage the firm's brands and its relationships with medical professionals.",
    "output": "[Cause] Abbott's recent efforts to better insulate itself from recalls like the infant formula recall in China during 2013 [Relation] cause [Effect] the risk of product quality issues or recalls remains and can damage the firm's brands and its relationships with medical professionals",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] supply chain issues [Relation] cause [Effect] inefficiencies and inferior inventory turn ratios to peers",
    "input": "A priority of the new strategy includes investing in technology capabilities that would help improve Kingfisher's low online penetration and improve supply chain issues, which have contributed to inefficiencies and inferior inventory turn ratios to peers.",
    "output": "[Cause] A priority of the new strategy [Relation] enable [Effect] invest in technology capabilities",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] investing in technology capabilities [Relation] enable [Effect] improve Kingfisher's low online penetration and improve supply chain issues",
    "input": "A priority of the new strategy includes investing in technology capabilities that would help improve Kingfisher's low online penetration and improve supply chain issues, which have contributed to inefficiencies and inferior inventory turn ratios to peers.",
    "output": "[Cause] A priority of the new strategy [Relation] cause [Effect] inefficiencies and inferior inventory turn ratios to peers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the easy cost-cutting is complete [Relation] cause [Effect] potential earnings from its less visible real estate portfolio could provide some upside to the company's earnings",
    "input": "The potential earnings from its less visible real estate portfolio could provide some upside to the company's earnings after the easy cost-cutting is complete.",
    "output": "[Cause] The potential earnings from its less visible real estate portfolio [Relation] enable [Effect] provide some upside to the company's earnings",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the contractor could not ship a prototype by the deadline [Relation] cause [Effect] The non-General Dynamics bid was disqualified",
    "input": "The non-General Dynamics bid was disqualified because the contractor could not ship a prototype by the deadline, leaving only General Dynamics as the sole source capable of delivering a product.",
    "output": "[Cause] the contractor could not ship a prototype by the deadline [Relation] cause [Effect] The non-General Dynamics bid was disqualified",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The non-General Dynamics bid was disqualified [Relation] cause [Effect]  only General Dynamics as the sole source capable of delivering a product",
    "input": "The non-General Dynamics bid was disqualified because the contractor could not ship a prototype by the deadline, leaving only General Dynamics as the sole source capable of delivering a product.",
    "output": "[Cause] the contractor could not ship a prototype by the deadline [Relation] cause [Effect] The non-General Dynamics bid was disqualified",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the roughly $1.5 billion purchase of Big River Steel and sizable reinvestment needs tied to the company's ongoing asset revitalization program [Relation] cause [Effect] The company has significant cash needs looming, and liquidity will be constrained",
    "input": "The company has significant cash needs looming, and liquidity will be constrained given the roughly $1.5 billion purchase of Big River Steel and sizable reinvestment needs tied to the company's ongoing asset revitalization program.",
    "output": "[Cause] the roughly $1.5 billion purchase of Big River Steel and sizable reinvestment needs tied to the company's ongoing asset revitalization program [Relation] cause [Effect] The company has significant cash needs looming, and liquidity will be constrained",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a near-monopoly on CDMA technology patents [Relation] enable [Effect] Qualcomm charges a royalty fee as a predetermined percentage (3%-5%) of the price of each 3G device sold",
    "input": "With a near-monopoly on CDMA technology patents, Qualcomm charges a royalty fee as a predetermined percentage (3%-5%) of the price of each 3G device sold.",
    "output": "[Cause] a predetermined percentage (3%-5%) of the price of each 3G device sold [Relation] cause [Effect] Qualcomm charges a royalty fee",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the uniquely risk-averse nature of the insurance industry [Relation] cause [Effect] larger insurance carriers require a variety of larger reference accounts",
    "input": "Additionally, given the uniquely risk-averse nature of the insurance industry, larger insurance carriers require a variety of larger reference accounts.",
    "output": "[Cause] the uniquely risk-averse nature of the insurance industry [Relation] cause [Effect] larger insurance carriers require a variety of larger reference accounts",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  they age and start families [Relation] cause [Effect]  this trend will likely continue over the next decade",
    "input": "This coincides with a generation of millennials who have long delayed many adult milestones but have started to move to the suburbs due to the pandemic, and this trend will likely continue over the next decade as they age and start families.",
    "output": "[Cause] the pandemic [Relation] cause [Effect] have started to move to the suburbs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Our long-term revenue and margin [Relation] cause [Effect] continued employment growth over the next few years in higher-skilled professions and a return to labor market tightness",
    "input": "Our long-term revenue and margin assumptions are driven by continued employment growth over the next few years in higher-skilled professions and a return to labor market tightness.",
    "output": "[Cause] continued employment growth over the next few years in higher-skilled professions and a return to labor market tightness [Relation] enable [Effect] Our long-term revenue and margin assumptions",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the number of contacts increases [Relation] cause [Effect]  more developers will choose to develop miniprograms for WeChat or mobile QQ",
    "input": "As the number of contacts increases, more developers will choose to develop miniprograms for WeChat or mobile QQ, and existing users can benefit from having access to additional miniprograms.",
    "output": "[Cause] the number of contacts increases [Relation] cause [Effect] more developers will choose to develop miniprograms for WeChat or mobile QQ",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  more developers will choose to develop miniprograms for WeChat or mobile QQ [Relation] enable [Effect]  existing users can benefit from having access to additional miniprograms",
    "input": "As the number of contacts increases, more developers will choose to develop miniprograms for WeChat or mobile QQ, and existing users can benefit from having access to additional miniprograms.",
    "output": "[Cause] the number of contacts increases [Relation] cause [Effect] more developers will choose to develop miniprograms for WeChat or mobile QQ",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] ICU is the key leader in IV consumables where it can offer a significant discount relative to its competitors [Relation] cause [Effect] ICU has a cost advantage that many hospital end users find attractive",
    "input": "Because ICU is the key leader in IV consumables where it can offer a significant discount relative to its competitors, we think ICU has a cost advantage that many hospital end users find attractive.",
    "output": "[Cause] ICU is the key leader in IV consumables [Relation] cause [Effect] it can offer a significant discount relative to its competitors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] offer a significant discount relative to its competitors [Relation] cause [Effect]  ICU is the key leader in IV consumables",
    "input": "Because ICU is the key leader in IV consumables where it can offer a significant discount relative to its competitors, we think ICU has a cost advantage that many hospital end users find attractive.",
    "output": "[Cause] ICU is the key leader in IV consumables [Relation] cause [Effect] offer a significant discount relative to its competitors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] a cost advantage [Relation] cause [Effect] many hospital end users find attractive",
    "input": "Because ICU is the key leader in IV consumables where it can offer a significant discount relative to its competitors, we think ICU has a cost advantage that many hospital end users find attractive.",
    "output": "[Cause] ICU is the key leader in IV consumables [Relation] enable [Effect] offer a significant discount relative to its competitors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] One benefit of the platform is that it allows the use of one business number that can support all communication types via both computers and mobile devices [Relation] enable [Effect] customers to use a personal mobile device for business needs no matter where they are while maintaining the privacy of their personal mobile phone number",
    "input": "One benefit of the platform is that it allows the use of one business number that can support all communication types via both computers and mobile devices. This allows customers to use a personal mobile device for business needs no matter where they are while maintaining the privacy of their personal mobile phone number.",
    "output": "[Cause] One benefit of the platform is that it allows the use of one business number that can support all communication types via both computers and mobile devices [Relation] enable [Effect] customers to use a personal mobile device for business needs no matter where they are while maintaining the privacy of their personal mobile phone number",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Cheaper equipment can increase the likelihood of machine failure during operation [Relation] enable [Effect]  leading to lost productivity that cuts into an operator's profitability (mission-critical equipment)",
    "input": "Cheaper equipment can increase the likelihood of machine failure during operation, leading to lost productivity that cuts into an operator's profitability (mission-critical equipment).",
    "output": "[Cause] Cheaper equipment [Relation] cause [Effect] reduce the likelihood of machine failure during operation",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The company has also been able to maintain ample supply of premier land [Relation] enable [Effect] replace closed communities and meet future demand",
    "input": "The company has also been able to maintain ample supply of premier land to replace closed communities and meet future demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] The company has also been able to maintain ample supply of premier land [Relation] enable [Effect] replace closed communities and meet future demand",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher margins don't come to fruition or revenue declines accelerate from the moderate annual level we project [Relation] cause [Effect] we see little bright side for Lumen's future beyond the value of its assets",
    "input": "If higher margins don't come to fruition or revenue declines accelerate from the moderate annual level we project, we see little bright side for Lumen's future beyond the value of its assets.",
    "output": "[Cause] higher margins don't come to fruition or revenue declines accelerate from the moderate annual level we project [Relation] cause [Effect] we see little bright side for Lumen's future beyond the value of its assets",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] they're forced to learn multiple platforms [Relation] cause [Effect] become complicated",
    "input": "Ultimately, workers will need to be comfortable with that technology, which can become complicated if they're forced to learn multiple platforms.",
    "output": "[Cause] they're forced to learn multiple platforms [Relation] cause [Effect] workers will need to be comfortable with that technology",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] States across which PPL operates are beginning to embrace tighter policies on carbon emissions [Relation] prevent [Effect] greater restrictions on coal generation",
    "input": "States across which PPL operates are beginning to embrace tighter policies on carbon emissions and greater restrictions on coal generation, although we think that transition will be slower in states like Kentucky with a large coal industry presence.",
    "output": "[Cause] States across which PPL operates are beginning to embrace tighter policies on carbon emissions and greater restrictions on coal generation [Relation] cause [Effect] transition will be slower in states like Kentucky with a large coal industry presence",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] substantial cash flow [Relation] cause [Effect] the company is well positioned to target several rare diseases over the next decade",
    "input": "However, with substantial cash flow, we think the company is well positioned to target several rare diseases over the next decade.",
    "output": "[Cause] substantial cash flow [Relation] enable [Effect] the company is well positioned to target several rare diseases over the next decade",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] CVS' top-tier retail pharmacy, health insurer, and PBM franchises [Relation] cause [Effect] the potential to improve health outcomes and even bend the healthcare cost curve",
    "input": "CVS' top-tier retail pharmacy, health insurer, and PBM franchises create the potential to improve health outcomes and even bend the healthcare cost curve.",
    "output": "[Cause] CVS' top-tier retail pharmacy, health insurer, and PBM franchises [Relation] enable [Effect] the potential to improve health outcomes and even bend the healthcare cost curve",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] empower it to charge the highest subscriber fees of any cable network [Relation] cause [Effect] turn generate sustainable profits",
    "input": "Its position and brand strength empower it to charge the highest subscriber fees of any cable network, which in turn generate sustainable profits.",
    "output": "[Cause] Its position and brand strength [Relation] enable [Effect] it to charge the highest subscriber fees of any cable network",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] fund its planned $8 billion of investment every year [Relation] cause [Effect] needs well-functioning and cost-effective capital markets",
    "input": "PG&E needs well-functioning and cost-effective capital markets to fund its planned $8 billion of investment every year.",
    "output": "[Cause] PG&E needs well-functioning and cost-effective capital markets [Relation] enable [Effect] to fund its planned $8 billion of investment every year",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  relationship managers, specialised sector expertise, breadth of product offerings, and the customers additiona [Relation] enable [Effect] switching costs in small and medium business banking are reinforced",
    "input": "We believe switching costs in small and medium business banking are reinforced by relationship managers, specialised sector expertise, breadth of product offerings, and the customers additional focus on system reliability.",
    "output": "[Cause] specialised sector expertise, breadth of product offerings, and the customers additional focus on system reliability [Relation] enable [Effect] We believe switching costs in small and medium business banking",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Illinois and Maryland are two historically tough regulatory environments [Relation] enable [Effect] punitive rate decisions could have a material impact on earnings and growth",
    "input": "Illinois and Maryland are two historically tough regulatory environments, and punitive rate decisions could have a material impact on earnings and growth.",
    "output": "[Cause] Illinois and Maryland are two historically tough regulatory environments [Relation] enable [Effect] punitive rate decisions could have a material impact on earnings and growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it has a track record of staying on top of evolving consumer trends with its assortment of locally relevant fare [Relation] enable [Effect] we posit Colgate's cost advantages enable it to replicate competitive products and do so at a lower cost",
    "input": "And although it has a track record of staying on top of evolving consumer trends with its assortment of locally relevant fare, we posit Colgate's cost advantages enable it to replicate competitive products and do so at a lower cost.",
    "output": "[Cause] it has a track record of staying on top of evolving consumer trends with its assortment of locally relevant fare [Relation] cause [Effect] we posit Colgate's cost advantages enable it to replicate competitive products and do so at a lower cost",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher prices will be necessary to encourage the new mines needed to meet rising demand and fill the gap left by the continued drawdown of stockpiles [Relation] cause [Effect]  real uranium prices will rise to $65 per pound by 2022 in the contract market",
    "input": "We forecast that real uranium prices will rise to $65 per pound by 2022 in the contract market, as higher prices will be necessary to encourage the new mines needed to meet rising demand and fill the gap left by the continued drawdown of stockpiles.",
    "output": "[Cause] higher prices will be necessary to encourage the new mines needed to meet rising demand and fill the gap left by the continued drawdown of stockpiles [Relation] cause [Effect] real uranium prices will rise to $65 per pound by 2022 in the contract market",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the collapse of the tech and telecom bubble [Relation] cause [Effect] fiber assets could be procured on the cheap",
    "input": "They would not have the advantage Cogent had 20 years ago, when top providers in a more nascent Internet business were phone and cable companies, and fiber assets could be procured on the cheap due to the collapse of the tech and telecom bubble.",
    "output": "[Cause] the collapse of the tech and telecom bubble [Relation] cause [Effect] fiber assets could be procured on the cheap",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the business generated only $3.1 billion in EBITDA in 2019 and required $1.5 billion in capital spending [Relation] cause [Effect] We aren't fond of the price paid, which was set in a bidding war with Fox and Disney",
    "input": "We aren't fond of the price paid, which was set in a bidding war with Fox and Disney, as the business generated only $3.1 billion in EBITDA in 2019 and required $1.5 billion in capital spending.",
    "output": "[Cause] the business generated only $3.1 billion in EBITDA in 2019 and required $1.5 billion in capital spending [Relation] cause [Effect] We aren't fond of the price paid, which was set in a bidding war with Fox and Disney",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] our view that Sands will reinvest proceeds from the planned sale of Vegas assets into the region [Relation] enable [Effect] We continue to expect Sands China sales to average high-single-digit percentage growth during 2023-30, a forecast we now have increased conviction in",
    "input": "We continue to expect Sands China sales to average high-single-digit percentage growth during 2023-30, a forecast we now have increased conviction in, given our view that Sands will reinvest proceeds from the planned sale of Vegas assets into the region.",
    "output": "[Cause] Sands China sales to average high-single-digit percentage growth [Relation] cause [Effect] we now have increased conviction in",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] more-normal levels of operating costs [Relation] cause [Effect] the rate of margin expansion could slow",
    "input": "Though we think West could see some margin expansion in 2022, we think the rate of margin expansion could slow because of more-normal levels of operating costs, and we forecast margin growth of just 20 basis points next year.",
    "output": "[Cause] more-normal levels of operating costs [Relation] cause [Effect] the rate of margin expansion could slow",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  faster near-term revenue growth and the time value of money since our last update [Relation] cause [Effect] We are raising our fair value estimate to $55 from $52",
    "input": "We are raising our fair value estimate to $55 from $52 to reflect faster near-term revenue growth and the time value of money since our last update.",
    "output": "[Cause] We are raising our fair value estimate to $55 from $52 [Relation] enable [Effect] reflect faster near-term revenue growth and the time value of money since our last update",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The trust placed in O'Reilly's staff members [Relation] cause [Effect] consumers more receptive to trying a proprietary-label product",
    "input": "The trust placed in O'Reilly's staff members makes consumers more receptive to trying a proprietary-label product, reinforcing the value of the brands in O'Reilly's portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] The trust placed in O'Reilly's staff members [Relation] enable [Effect] consumers more receptive to trying a proprietary-label product",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] consumers more receptive to trying a proprietary-label product [Relation] enable [Effect] reinforcing the value of the brands in O'Reilly's portfolio",
    "input": "The trust placed in O'Reilly's staff members makes consumers more receptive to trying a proprietary-label product, reinforcing the value of the brands in O'Reilly's portfolio.",
    "output": "[Cause] The trust placed in O'Reilly's staff members [Relation] enable [Effect] consumers more receptive to trying a proprietary-label product",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  pent-up replacement demand after years of weaker sales [Relation] cause [Effect] Agco experienced strong growth in core Agco European and North American markets during 2018",
    "input": "Agco experienced strong growth in core Agco European and North American markets during 2018, largely due to pent-up replacement demand after years of weaker sales.",
    "output": "[Cause] pent-up replacement demand after years of weaker sales [Relation] cause [Effect] Agco experienced strong growth in core Agco European and North American markets during 2018",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] supply shortage [Relation] cause [Effect] support global protein prices once the pandemic subsides",
    "input": "The disease is still not fully contained, so this supply shortage should support global protein prices once the pandemic subsides and should result in strong export demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] The disease is still not fully contained [Relation] cause [Effect] supply shortage should support global protein prices once the pandemic subsides",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] supply shortage [Relation] cause [Effect] strong export demand",
    "input": "The disease is still not fully contained, so this supply shortage should support global protein prices once the pandemic subsides and should result in strong export demand.",
    "output": "[Cause] The pandemic subsides [Relation] cause [Effect] global protein prices",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] analyzing the data and applying artificial intelligence [Relation] enable [Effect] higher advertising revenue for Tencent",
    "input": "Through analyzing the data and applying artificial intelligence, the advertisers can improve the efficiency of advertisements through targeted marketing, which can lead to higher advertising revenue for Tencent.",
    "output": "[Cause] analyzing the data and applying artificial intelligence [Relation] enable [Effect] improve the efficiency of advertisements",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] analyzing the data and applying artificial intelligence [Relation] enable [Effect] advertisers can improve the efficiency of advertisements",
    "input": "Through analyzing the data and applying artificial intelligence, the advertisers can improve the efficiency of advertisements through targeted marketing, which can lead to higher advertising revenue for Tencent.",
    "output": "[Cause] the advertisers can improve the efficiency of advertisements [Relation] cause [Effect] higher advertising revenue for Tencent",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  ''schema-on-the-write'' products [Relation] cause [Effect] limit output use cases and reduce flexibility",
    "input": "In contrast, ''schema-on-the-write'' products such as SQL require structured, predefined data inputs, which limit output use cases and reduce flexibility in what can be done with the data.",
    "output": "[Cause] ''schema-on-the-write'' products such as SQL require structured, predefined data inputs [Relation] prevent [Effect] output use cases and reduce flexibility in what can be done with the data",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] more customers paying for the core Transco network. [Relation] cause [Effect] Pipeline extensions or expansions have high incremental returns",
    "input": "Pipeline extensions or expansions have high incremental returns on capital because each new end point of supply means more customers paying for the core Transco network.",
    "output": "[Cause] each new end point of supply means more customers paying for the core Transco network [Relation] cause [Effect] Pipeline extensions or expansions have high incremental returns on capital",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Other federal, state, and local regulations [Relation] prevent [Effect] a competitor to receive the necessary land use and environmental permits to construct competing networks",
    "input": "Other federal, state, and local regulations also make it very difficult for a competitor to receive the necessary land use and environmental permits to construct competing networks.",
    "output": "[Cause] Other federal, state, and local regulations [Relation] prevent [Effect] a competitor to receive the necessary land use and environmental permits to construct competing networks",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The combination of Valspar's and Sherwin's operations is allowing for the gradual closure of redundant facilities, [Relation] enable [Effect]  management expects to take years to play out, and they aren't explicitly identified in synergy estimates for the deal.",
    "input": "The combination of Valspar's and Sherwin's operations is allowing for the gradual closure of redundant facilities, which management expects to take years to play out, and they aren't explicitly identified in synergy estimates for the deal.",
    "output": "[Cause] The combination of Valspar's and Sherwin's operations [Relation] enable [Effect] the gradual closure of redundant facilities",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a rebound in refined products demand and weaker crude volumes [Relation] cause [Effect]  distributable cash flow of about $1.03 billion",
    "input": "In 2021, we expect a rebound in refined products demand and weaker crude volumes, to be somewhat offset by expense savings and storage benefits to result in distributable cash flow of about $1.03 billion, similar to 2020 levels.",
    "output": "[Cause] expense savings and storage benefits [Relation] cause [Effect] distributable cash flow of about $1.03 billion",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  the company's revenue is directly tied to revenue at its merchant customers [Relation] cause [Effect] FIS' acquiring operations are sensitive to macroeconomic conditions, and merchants could fail in large numbers if the pandemic drags on",
    "input": "As the company's revenue is directly tied to revenue at its merchant customers, FIS' acquiring operations are sensitive to macroeconomic conditions, and merchants could fail in large numbers if the pandemic drags on.",
    "output": "[Cause] the company's revenue is directly tied to revenue at its merchant customers [Relation] cause [Effect] FIS' acquiring operations are sensitive to macroeconomic conditions, and merchants could fail in large numbers if the pandemic drags on",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] as general and administrative and technology and development costs decrease as a percentage of segment revenue. [Relation] enable [Effect]  operating margins to improve",
    "input": "Given the inherent scalability in the asset light business model, we expect operating margins to improve over time as general and administrative and technology and development costs decrease as a percentage of segment revenue.",
    "output": "[Cause] the inherent scalability in the asset light business model [Relation] enable [Effect] operating margins to improve over time as general and administrative and technology and development costs decrease as a percentage of segment revenue",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  current iPhone users are familiar with the iOS environment (Apple-centric apps, services, and so on) [Relation] cause [Effect] it may take multiple subpar product releases to warrant an exodus to an Android OS",
    "input": "As current iPhone users are familiar with the iOS environment (Apple-centric apps, services, and so on), it may take multiple subpar product releases to warrant an exodus to an Android OS, as these customers are likely loath to leave Apple's seemingly superior walled garden.",
    "output": "[Cause] current iPhone users are familiar with the iOS environment (Apple-centric apps, services, and so on) [Relation] cause [Effect] it may take multiple subpar product releases to warrant an exodus to an Android OS",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] While we continue to expect the firm's operating margins to be affected by lower revenue yields and higher operating costs, we see adjusted operating profitability hovering between 32% and 35% of revenue (up from 30% to 32% previously) during our five-year forecast period [Relation] cause [Effect] the company should be able to generate at least $650 million in free cash flow on average annually during 2020-24",
    "input": "While we continue to expect the firm's operating margins to be affected by lower revenue yields and higher operating costs, we see adjusted operating profitability hovering between 32% and 35% of revenue (up from 30% to 32% previously) during our five-year forecast period. As a result, the company should be able to generate at least $650 million in free cash flow on average annually during 2020-24.",
    "output": "[Cause] While we continue to expect the firm's operating margins to be affected by lower revenue yields and higher operating costs, we see adjusted operating profitability hovering between 32% and 35% of revenue (up from 30% to 32% previously) during our five-year forecast period [Relation] cause [Effect] the company should be able to generate at least $650 million in free cash flow on average annually during 2020-24",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] management had consolidated or shuttered three of its manufacturing sites by the end of 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect] alleviate some working capital demands",
    "input": "For reference, management had consolidated or shuttered three of its manufacturing sites by the end of 2020, which should alleviate some working capital demands.",
    "output": "[Cause] management had consolidated or shuttered three of its manufacturing sites by the end of 2020 [Relation] enable [Effect] alleviate some working capital demands",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] commodity prices drop below certain thresholds [Relation] cause [Effect] The company's enhanced oil recovery and exploration projects are no longer economically viable",
    "input": "The company's enhanced oil recovery and exploration projects are no longer economically viable when commodity prices drop below certain thresholds.",
    "output": "[Cause] commodity prices drop below certain thresholds [Relation] cause [Effect] The company's enhanced oil recovery and exploration projects are no longer economically viable",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Success in refining is primarily a function of the difference in the amount the refiner pays for oil and the amount at which it sells the refined product [Relation] cause [Effect] the short- and long-term risks depend on movements in the prices of crude oil and gasoline or diesel which can be volatile",
    "input": "Success in refining is primarily a function of the difference in the amount the refiner pays for oil and the amount at which it sells the refined product. As such, the short- and long-term risks depend on movements in the prices of crude oil and gasoline or diesel which can be volatile.",
    "output": "[Cause] Success in refining is primarily a function of the difference in the amount the refiner pays for oil and the amount at which it sells the refined product [Relation] cause [Effect] the short- and long-term risks depend on movements in the prices of crude oil and gasoline or diesel which can be volatile",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] long-term growth trends in eyecare [Relation] cause [Effect]  the company might be trading at a premium",
    "input": "We think the company might be trading at a premium because of long-term growth trends in eyecare, which could increase baseline demand over a longer-term time horizon.",
    "output": "[Cause] long-term growth trends in eyecare [Relation] cause [Effect] the company might be trading at a premium",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  gross margin improvement and revenue significantly outpacing the year-over-year increases needed in sales, marketing, and development efforts [Relation] enable [Effect] we model operating margins to improve into the 20% range in fiscal 2025, up from a negative 30% in fiscal 2020",
    "input": "With gross margin improvement and revenue significantly outpacing the year-over-year increases needed in sales, marketing, and development efforts, we model operating margins to improve into the 20% range in fiscal 2025, up from a negative 30% in fiscal 2020.",
    "output": "[Cause] gross margin improvement and revenue significantly outpacing the year-over-year increases needed in sales, marketing, and development efforts [Relation] cause [Effect] we model operating margins to improve into the 20% range in fiscal 2025, up from a negative 30% in fiscal 2020",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The recent resurgence of COVID-19 cases [Relation] cause [Effect] a near-term pause in the gradual improvement in global hotel demand since mid-April",
    "input": "The recent resurgence of COVID-19 cases threatens to cause a near-term pause in the gradual improvement in global hotel demand since mid-April.",
    "output": "[Cause] The recent resurgence of COVID-19 cases [Relation] cause [Effect] a near-term pause in the gradual improvement in global hotel demand since mid-April",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] given the potentially cataclysmic blow to the customer's reputation and profits that would arise from an ill-performing new system [Relation] cause [Effect]  a customer would face little motivation to switch to a marginally cheaper supplier",
    "input": "Given TE's excellent operating record and time-tested reliability, a customer would face little motivation to switch to a marginally cheaper supplier, given the potentially cataclysmic blow to the customer's reputation and profits that would arise from an ill-performing new system.",
    "output": "[Cause] a customer would face little motivation to switch to a marginally cheaper supplier [Relation] cause [Effect] the potentially cataclysmic blow to the customer's reputation and profits that would arise from an ill-performing new system",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] outsourcing the integration to a trusted design partner, like TE [Relation] enable [Effect] save time and costs",
    "input": "An OEM will gladly pay more for an integrated solution, because it is able to save time and costs by outsourcing the integration to a trusted design partner, like TE.",
    "output": "[Cause] it is able to save time and costs [Relation] enable [Effect] An OEM will gladly pay more for an integrated solution",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] save time and costs [Relation] cause [Effect] pay more for an integrated solution",
    "input": "An OEM will gladly pay more for an integrated solution, because it is able to save time and costs by outsourcing the integration to a trusted design partner, like TE.",
    "output": "[Cause] outsourcing the integration to a trusted design partner [Relation] enable [Effect] save time and costs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Nissan's involvement in emissions cheating and a recall [Relation] cause [Effect] Business ethics risk",
    "input": "Business ethics risk stems from Nissan's involvement in emissions cheating and a recall due to lacks final inspection protocol in Japan.",
    "output": "[Cause] lacks final inspection protocol in Japan [Relation] cause [Effect] Business ethics risk",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  lacks final inspection protocol in Japan [Relation] cause [Effect] Nissan's involvement in emissions cheating and a recall",
    "input": "Business ethics risk stems from Nissan's involvement in emissions cheating and a recall due to lacks final inspection protocol in Japan.",
    "output": "[Cause] lacks final inspection protocol in Japan [Relation] cause [Effect] Nissan's involvement in emissions cheating and a recall",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] it will no longer pay third-party tariffs to transport its NGLs to market [Relation] cause [Effect] The Grand Prix pipeline will reduce Targa's costs for NGLs",
    "input": "The Grand Prix pipeline will reduce Targa's costs for NGLs, as it will no longer pay third-party tariffs to transport its NGLs to market.",
    "output": "[Cause] it will no longer pay third-party tariffs to transport its NGLs to market [Relation] cause [Effect] The Grand Prix pipeline will reduce Targa's costs for NGLs",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] The Grand Prix pipeline [Relation] enable [Effect] reduce Targa's costs for NGLs",
    "input": "The Grand Prix pipeline will reduce Targa's costs for NGLs, as it will no longer pay third-party tariffs to transport its NGLs to market.",
    "output": "[Cause] it will no longer pay third-party tariffs to transport its NGLs to market [Relation] cause [Effect] The Grand Prix pipeline will reduce Targa's costs for NGLs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Nvidia tends to provide more reliable drivers for most games that allows gamers to take full advantage of its GPUs [Relation] cause [Effect] AMD is unable to match Nvidia in breadth and consistency of driver updates",
    "input": "In our opinion, Nvidia tends to provide more reliable drivers for most games that allows gamers to take full advantage of its GPUs, while AMD is unable to match Nvidia in breadth and consistency of driver updates.",
    "output": "[Cause] Nvidia tends to provide more reliable drivers for most games [Relation] enable [Effect] allows gamers to take full advantage of its GPUs",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] squeezing every possible drop of efficiency out of the assets is critical [Relation] cause [Effect] refining and processing margins are generally slim",
    "input": "Further, refining and processing margins are generally slim, so squeezing every possible drop of efficiency out of the assets is critical.",
    "output": "[Cause] refining and processing margins are generally slim [Relation] cause [Effect] squeezing every possible drop of efficiency out of the assets is critical",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  increasing competition in the mature North America market as well as increased direct-to-consumer markets that have lower average price points [Relation] cause [Effect] the average selling price for the company's core Invisalign products will continue to decrease",
    "input": "We anticipate the average selling price for the company's core Invisalign products will continue to decrease because of increasing competition in the mature North America market as well as increased direct-to-consumer markets that have lower average price points.",
    "output": "[Cause] increasing competition in the mature North America market as well as increased direct-to-consumer markets that have lower average price points [Relation] cause [Effect] the average selling price for the company's core Invisalign products will continue to decrease",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] While both Synopsys and Cadence provide an end-to-end flow of EDA solutions for the chip design process (Mentor is a little more specialized), customers tend to use different vendors for each stage of the design process [Relation] cause [Effect]  a business may use Synopsys for verification tools/digital design, Cadence for logic synthesis/analog chips, and Mentor for physical layout/verification",
    "input": "While both Synopsys and Cadence provide an end-to-end flow of EDA solutions for the chip design process (Mentor is a little more specialized), customers tend to use different vendors for each stage of the design process. As a result, a business may use Synopsys for verification tools/digital design, Cadence for logic synthesis/analog chips, and Mentor for physical layout/verification.",
    "output": "[Cause] While both Synopsys and Cadence provide an end-to-end flow of EDA solutions for the chip design process (Mentor is a little more specialized), customers tend to use different vendors for each stage of the design process [Relation] cause [Effect] a business may use Synopsys for verification tools/digital design, Cadence for logic synthesis/analog chips, and Mentor for physical layout/verification",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the evolution of a network sharing agreement between BCE and Telus closed the gap [Relation] cause [Effect] them leapfrogging Rogers in many ''''best network'''' surveys",
    "input": "And while Rogers historically had the top network, the evolution of a network sharing agreement between BCE and Telus closed the gap and resulted in them leapfrogging Rogers in many ''''best network'''' surveys.",
    "output": "[Cause] the evolution of a network sharing agreement between BCE and Telus [Relation] cause [Effect] they leapfrogging Rogers in many '''''''best network'''' surveys",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the company's ability to charge premium prices on its services [Relation] enable [Effect] The high quality of the company's operating performance translates directly into high midcycle returns on capital",
    "input": "The high quality of the company's operating performance translates directly into high midcycle returns on capital via the company's ability to charge premium prices on its services.",
    "output": "[Cause] The high quality of the company's operating performance [Relation] cause [Effect] high midcycle returns on capital via the company's ability to charge premium prices on its services",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Macroeconomic uncertainty, high inflation, indirect exposure to global commodities demand, and political turmoil in certain markets [Relation] cause [Effect]  influence future free cash flow projections",
    "input": "Macroeconomic uncertainty, high inflation, indirect exposure to global commodities demand, and political turmoil in certain markets can also influence future free cash flow projections.",
    "output": "[Cause] Macroeconomic uncertainty, high inflation, indirect exposure to global commodities demand, and political turmoil in certain markets [Relation] enable [Effect] influence future free cash flow projections",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the acquisition of the 14 RSNs with 21 Fox-branded channels from Disney [Relation] cause [Effect] Sinclair instantly diversified its revenue and operating income away from its dependence on local stations",
    "input": "With the acquisition of the 14 RSNs with 21 Fox-branded channels from Disney, Sinclair instantly diversified its revenue and operating income away from its dependence on local stations.",
    "output": "[Cause] the acquisition of the 14 RSNs with 21 Fox-branded channels from Disney [Relation] enable [Effect] Sinclair instantly diversified its revenue and operating income away from its dependence on local stations",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] spinning off its retail gas station business and selling its U.K. [Relation] cause [Effect] Murphy Oil repositioned itself as a pure-play exploration and production company in 2013",
    "input": "Murphy Oil repositioned itself as a pure-play exploration and production company in 2013, spinning off its retail gas station business and selling its U.K.",
    "output": "[Cause] Murphy Oil repositioned itself as a pure-play exploration and production company [Relation] cause [Effect] spinning off its retail gas station business and selling its U.K",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] higher usage and engagement on one social network could come at a cost to other social networks [Relation] prevent [Effect] user engagement and the potential return on investment for advertisers",
    "input": "In addition, given the fixed number of hours per day, higher usage and engagement on one social network could come at a cost to other social networks, reducing user engagement and the potential return on investment for advertisers.",
    "output": "[Cause] the fixed number of hours per day [Relation] cause [Effect] higher usage and engagement on one social network could come at a cost to other social networks",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the fixed number of hours per day [Relation] cause [Effect] higher usage and engagement on one social network could come at a cost to other social networks",
    "input": "In addition, given the fixed number of hours per day, higher usage and engagement on one social network could come at a cost to other social networks, reducing user engagement and the potential return on investment for advertisers.",
    "output": "[Cause] higher usage and engagement on one social network could come at a cost to other social networks [Relation] cause [Effect] reducing user engagement and the potential return on investment for advertisers",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the firm is unable to effectively source and integrate new employees [Relation] enable [Effect] stymie innovation and affect Paylocity's competitive positioning",
    "input": "If the firm is unable to effectively source and integrate new employees, it could stymie innovation and affect Paylocity's competitive positioning.",
    "output": "[Cause] the firm is unable to effectively source and integrate new employees [Relation] cause [Effect] stymie innovation and affect Paylocity's competitive positioning",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Weakness in the global economy [Relation] cause [Effect] bode poorly for chip demand from industrial and automotive customers from time to time",
    "input": "Weakness in the global economy could bode poorly for chip demand from industrial and automotive customers from time to time.",
    "output": "[Cause] Weakness in the global economy [Relation] cause [Effect] bode poorly for chip demand from industrial and automotive customers from time to time",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a recovery in travel demand and by the power of a more built out network [Relation] enable [Effect] the company to leverage the cost item starting in 2022",
    "input": "We then expect the company to leverage the cost item starting in 2022, driven by a recovery in travel demand and by the power of a more built out network.",
    "output": "[Cause] a recovery in travel demand and by the power of a more built out network [Relation] cause [Effect] the company to leverage the cost item starting in 2022",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] its marketplaces with sustainable competitive advantages that traditional retailers cannot match [Relation] enable [Effect] yield additional market share gains",
    "input": "Its operational efficiency, network effect, and laser focus on customer service provide its marketplaces with sustainable competitive advantages that traditional retailers cannot match; this should yield additional market share gains in the years to come.",
    "output": "[Cause] Its operational efficiency, network effect, and laser focus on customer service [Relation] enable [Effect] its marketplaces with sustainable competitive advantages",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Monster's continued geographic diversification [Relation] enable [Effect] augment its positioning",
    "input": "Despite the inevitable complexity of appealing to distinct local palates, we believe Monster's continued geographic diversification should augment its positioning.",
    "output": "[Cause] the inevitable complexity of appealing to distinct local palates [Relation] cause [Effect] we believe Monster's continued geographic diversification should augment its positioning",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] credit standards become tougher in a tightening cycle [Relation] cause [Effect] financing services can make a difference for manufacturers to lock in those customers",
    "input": "When credit standards become tougher in a tightening cycle, financing services can make a difference for manufacturers to lock in those customers.",
    "output": "[Cause] credit standards become tougher in a tightening cycle [Relation] enable [Effect] financing services can make a difference for manufacturers to lock in those customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] common platforms across a growing number of models [Relation] enable [Effect] Volkswagen's economies of scale",
    "input": "As one of the world's leading volume producers, Volkswagen's economies of scale from common platforms across a growing number of models enable cost savings unattainable by smaller competitors.",
    "output": "[Cause] Volkswagen's economies of scale from common platforms across a growing number of models [Relation] enable [Effect] cost savings unattainable by smaller competitors",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] Volkswagen's economies of scale from common platforms across a growing number of models [Relation] cause [Effect] cost savings unattainable by smaller competitors",
    "input": "As one of the world's leading volume producers, Volkswagen's economies of scale from common platforms across a growing number of models enable cost savings unattainable by smaller competitors.",
    "output": "[ [Cause] Volkswagen's economies of scale from common platforms across a growing number of models [Relation] enable [Effect] cost savings unattainable by smaller competitors",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] smaller local and regional competitors [Relation] prevent [Effect] win market share in agriculture markets globally",
    "input": "We believe smaller local and regional competitors will struggle to win market share in agriculture markets globally, allowing CNH Industrial to maintain its strong market share positions.",
    "output": "[Cause] smaller local and regional competitors [Relation] enable [Effect] win market share in agriculture markets globally",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] mass merchants and online retailers have enhanced their consumer electronic product assortments and OEMs built out their own retail and direct-to-consumer channels [Relation] cause [Effect] suppliers have become less dependent on Best Buy for distribution",
    "input": "As mass merchants and online retailers have enhanced their consumer electronic product assortments and OEMs built out their own retail and direct-to-consumer channels, suppliers have become less dependent on Best Buy for distribution, in our view.",
    "output": "[Cause] mass merchants and online retailers have enhanced their consumer electronic product assortments and OEMs built out their own retail and direct-to-consumer channels [Relation] cause [Effect] suppliers have become less dependent on Best Buy for distribution",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] they specialize in meeting midmarket CAD needs, which makes up the majority of the CAD market [Relation] cause [Effect] software programs like Autodesk's Inventor or Dassault Systemes' SolidWorks have a more expansive university presence",
    "input": "We think that software programs like Autodesk's Inventor or Dassault Systemes' SolidWorks have a more expansive university presence given that they specialize in meeting midmarket CAD needs, which makes up the majority of the CAD market.",
    "output": "[Cause] they specialize in meeting midmarket CAD needs [Relation] enable [Effect] make up the majority of the CAD market",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  a growth in chip customization [Relation] cause [Effect]  IP revenue to grow at a low-double digit rate",
    "input": "Meanwhile, we expect IP revenue to grow at a low-double digit rate, bolstered by a growth in chip customization as Moore's Law slows and chip designers seek to differentiate their products.",
    "output": "[Cause] Moore's Law slows and chip designers seek to differentiate their products [Relation] cause [Effect] IP revenue to grow at a low-double digit rate",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause]  Moore's Law slows and chip designers seek to differentiate their products [Relation] cause [Effect]  a growth in chip customization",
    "input": "Meanwhile, we expect IP revenue to grow at a low-double digit rate, bolstered by a growth in chip customization as Moore's Law slows and chip designers seek to differentiate their products.",
    "output": "[Cause] Moore's Law slows and chip designers seek to differentiate their products [Relation] cause [Effect] IP revenue to grow at a low-double digit rate",
    "valid": false
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the proliferation of Cisco products and services within customers' networks [Relation] enable [Effect] the infrastructure platform products have garnered a positive reputation from customers",
    "input": "We believe that the infrastructure platform products have garnered a positive reputation from customers due to the proliferation of Cisco products and services within customers' networks.",
    "output": "[Cause] the proliferation of Cisco products and services within customers' networks [Relation] cause [Effect] the infrastructure platform products have garnered a positive reputation from customers",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] increased competition in the contact center space [Relation] enable [Effect]  NICE could face limitations to total addressable market (TAM) expansion and market share growth",
    "input": "First, NICE could face limitations to total addressable market (TAM) expansion and market share growth due to increased competition in the contact center space.",
    "output": "[Cause] increased competition in the contact center space [Relation] cause [Effect] NICE could face limitations to total addressable market (TAM) expansion and market share growth",
    "valid": true
  },
  {
    "gold": "[Cause] the aircraft becomes a major defense acquisition program [Relation] cause [Effect]  the potential to move to a more fixed-price contract",
    "input": "We see upside in margins for the F-35, as more sustainment enters the business mix as well and the potential to move to a more fixed-price contract as the aircraft becomes a major defense acquisition program.",
    "output": "[Cause] the aircraft becomes a major defense acquisition program [Relation] enable [Effect] the potential to move to a more fixed-price contract",
    "valid": true
  }
]