@inproceedings{mus-etal-2026-negation,
    title = "Negation of {T}urkic non-verbal clauses: Analysis and {U}niversal {D}ependencies Implementation",
    author = {Mus, Nikolett  and
      Akkurt, Furkan  and
      Chontaeva, Bermet  and
      Eslami, Soudabeh  and
      Ivanova, Sardana  and
      {\c{C}}{\"o}ltekin, {\c{C}}a{\u{g}}r{\i}  and
      Washington, Jonathan N.  and
      Dzhumalieva, Gulnura  and
      Kasieva, Aida},
    editor = {{\c{C}}{\"o}ltekin, {\c{C}}a{\u{g}}r{\i}  and
      Dobrovoljc, Kaja},
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Ninth Workshop on {U}niversal {D}ependencies ({UDW} 2026)",
    month = may,
    year = "2026",
    address = "Palma de Mallorca, Spain",
    publisher = "ELRA Language Resources Association (ELRA)",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/test-year-match/2026.udw-1.7/",
    doi = "10.63317/3tfwkpfmuxdq",
    pages = "97--102",
    abstract = "The paper examines the grammatical behavior of the negative element used to negate predicates in non-verbal clauses in three Turkic languages: Azerbaijani, Kyrgyz, and Turkish. We focus on its interaction with verbal copulas, subject agreement, and the distribution of agreement suffixes, as well as its position within the predicate phrase. The study draws on both previously described corpus data and newly collected examples. Across all three languages, agreement features are realised on the negative element only in the absence of an overt copula. The agreement morphology involved is identical to that found with nominal, adjectival, and adverbial predicates. In all the languages examined, the negative element remains within the predicate phrase; thus, its position is syntactically constrained. At the same time, we observe differences among the languages in the degree to which the position of the negator is fixed within the predicate. In Turkish and Azerbaijani, regardless of which element of the nominal predicate it negates, the negator invariably follows the predicate. In Kyrgyz, by contrast, it consistently appears immediately after the element it negates within the predicate. These patterns suggest that the negative element behaves syntactically as a phrasal operator associated with non-verbal predicates. For annotation purposes, we therefore propose analysing the negative element as a negation modifier, assigning it the POS tag ADV and the dependency relation advmod:neg."
}