Jie Jiang


2022

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Visual Prompt Tuning for Few-Shot Text Classification
Jingyuan Wen | Yutian Luo | Nanyi Fei | Guoxing Yang | Zhiwu Lu | Hao Jiang | Jie Jiang | Zhao Cao
Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Computational Linguistics

Deploying large-scale pre-trained models in the prompt-tuning paradigm has demonstrated promising performance in few-shot learning. Particularly, vision-language pre-training models (VL-PTMs) have been intensively explored in various few-shot downstream tasks. However, most existing works only apply VL-PTMs to visual tasks like image classification, with few attempts being made on language tasks like text classification. In few-shot text classification, a feasible paradigm for deploying VL-PTMs is to align the input samples and their category names via the text encoders. However, it leads to the waste of visual information learned by the image encoders of VL-PTMs. To overcome this drawback, we propose a novel method named Visual Prompt Tuning (VPT). To our best knowledge, this method is the first attempt to deploy VL-PTM in few-shot text classification task. The main idea is to generate the image embeddings w.r.t. category names as visual prompt and then add them to the aligning process. Extensive experiments show that our VPT can achieve significant improvements under both zero-shot and few-shot settings. Importantly, our VPT even outperforms the most recent prompt-tuning methods on five public text classification datasets.

2021

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KACC: A Multi-task Benchmark for Knowledge Abstraction, Concretization and Completion
Jie Zhou | Shengding Hu | Xin Lv | Cheng Yang | Zhiyuan Liu | Wei Xu | Jie Jiang | Juanzi Li | Maosong Sun
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL-IJCNLP 2021

2014

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Machine Translation for Subtitling: A Large-Scale Evaluation
Thierry Etchegoyhen | Lindsay Bywood | Mark Fishel | Panayota Georgakopoulou | Jie Jiang | Gerard van Loenhout | Arantza del Pozo | Mirjam Sepesy Maučec | Anja Turner | Martin Volk
Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'14)

This article describes a large-scale evaluation of the use of Statistical Machine Translation for professional subtitling. The work was carried out within the FP7 EU-funded project SUMAT and involved two rounds of evaluation: a quality evaluation and a measure of productivity gain/loss. We present the SMT systems built for the project and the corpora they were trained on, which combine professionally created and crowd-sourced data. Evaluation goals, methodology and results are presented for the eleven translation pairs that were evaluated by professional subtitlers. Overall, a majority of the machine translated subtitles received good quality ratings. The results were also positive in terms of productivity, with a global gain approaching 40%. We also evaluated the impact of applying quality estimation and filtering of poor MT output, which resulted in higher productivity gains for filtered files as opposed to fully machine-translated files. Finally, we present and discuss feedback from the subtitlers who participated in the evaluation, a key aspect for any eventual adoption of machine translation technology in professional subtitling.

2013

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SMT Approaches for Commercial Translation of Subtitles
Thierry Etchegoyhen | Mark Fishel | Jie Jiang | Mirjam Sepesy Maucec
Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XIV: User track

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SUMAT: An Online Service for Subtitling by Machine Translation
P. Georgakopoulou | L. Bywood | Thierry Etchegoyen | Mark Fishel | Jie Jiang | G. van Loenhout | A. del Pozo | D. Spiliotopoulos | Mirjam Sepesy Maucec | A. Turner
Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XIV: European projects

2012

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Hierarchical Phrase-Based MT for Phonetic Representation-Based Speech Translation
Zeeshan Ahmed | Jie Jiang | Julie Carson-Berndsen | Peter Cahill | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 10th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas: Research Papers

The paper presents a novel technique for speech translation using hierarchical phrased-based statistical machine translation (HPB-SMT). The system is based on translation of speech from phone sequences as opposed to conventional approach of speech translation from word sequences. The technique facilitates speech translation by allowing a machine translation (MT) system to access to phonetic information. This enables the MT system to act as both a word recognition and a translation component. This results in better performance than conventional speech translation approaches by recovering from recognition error with help of a source language model, translation model and target language model. For this purpose, the MT translation models are adopted to work on source language phones using a grapheme-to-phoneme component. The source-side phonetic confusions are handled using a confusion network. The result on IWLST'10 English- Chinese translation task shows a significant improvement in translation quality. In this paper, results for HPB-SMT are compared with previously published results of phrase-based statistical machine translation (PB-SMT) system (Baseline). The HPB-SMT system outperforms PB-SMT in this regard.

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Translating User-Generated Content in the Social Networking Space
Jie Jiang | Andy Way | Rejwanul Haque
Proceedings of the 10th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas: Commercial MT User Program

This paper presents a case-study of work done by Applied Language Solutions (ALS) for a large social networking provider who claim to have built the world’s first multi-language social network, where Internet users from all over the world can communicate in languages that are available in the system. In an initial phase, the social networking provider contracted ALS to build Machine Translation (MT) engines for twelve language-pairs: Russian⇔English, Russian⇔Turkish, Russian⇔Arabic, Turkish⇔English, Turkish⇔Arabic and Arabic⇔English. All of the input data is user-generated content, so we faced a number of problems in building large-scale, robust, high-quality engines. Primarily, much of the source-language data is of ‘poor’ or at least ‘non-standard’ quality. This comes in many forms: (i) content produced by non-native speakers, (ii) content produced by native speakers containing non-deliberate typos, or (iii) content produced by native speakers which deliberately departs from spelling norms to bring about some linguistic effect. Accordingly, in addition to the ‘regular’ pre-processing techniques used in the building of our statistical MT systems, we needed to develop routines to deal with all these scenarios. In this paper, we describe how we handle shortforms, acronyms, typos, punctuation errors, non-dictionary slang, wordplay, censor avoidance and emoticons. We demonstrate automatic evaluation scores on the social network data, together with insights from the the social networking provider regarding some of the typical errors made by the MT engines, and how we managed to correct these in the engines.

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Monolingual Data Optimisation for Bootstrapping SMT Engines
Jie Jiang | Andy Way | Nelson Ng | Rejwanul Haque | Mike Dillinger | Jun Lu
Workshop on Monolingual Machine Translation

Content localisation via machine translation (MT) is a sine qua non, especially for international online business. While most applications utilise rule-based solutions due to the lack of suitable in-domain parallel corpora for statistical MT (SMT) training, in this paper we investigate the possibility of applying SMT where huge amounts of monolingual content only are available. We describe a case study where an analysis of a very large amount of monolingual online trading data from eBay is conducted by ALS with a view to reducing this corpus to the most representative sample in order to ensure the widest possible coverage of the total data set. Furthermore, minimal yet optimal sets of sentences/words/terms are selected for generation of initial translation units for future SMT system-building.

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Extending CCG-based Syntactic Constraints in Hierarchical Phrase-Based SMT
Hala Almaghout | Jie Jiang | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation

2011

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Incorporating Source-Language Paraphrases into Phrase-Based SMT with Confusion Networks
Jie Jiang | Jinhua Du | Andy Way
Proceedings of Fifth Workshop on Syntax, Semantics and Structure in Statistical Translation

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The DCU machine translation systems for IWSLT 2011
Pratyush Banerjee | Hala Almaghout | Sudip Naskar | Johann Roturier | Jie Jiang | Andy Way | Josef van Genabith
Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign

In this paper, we provide a description of the Dublin City University’s (DCU) submissions in the IWSLT 2011 evaluationcampaign.1 WeparticipatedintheArabic-Englishand Chinese-English Machine Translation(MT) track translation tasks. We use phrase-based statistical machine translation (PBSMT) models to create the baseline system. Due to the open-domain nature of the data to be translated, we use domain adaptation techniques to improve the quality of translation. Furthermore, we explore target-side syntactic augmentation for an Hierarchical Phrase-Based (HPB) SMT model. Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) is used to extract labels for target-side phrases and non-terminals in the HPB system. Combining the domain adapted language models with the CCG-augmented HPB system gave us the best translations for both language pairs providing statistically significant improvements of 6.09 absolute BLEU points (25.94% relative) and 1.69 absolute BLEU points (15.89% relative) over the unadapted PBSMT baselines for the Arabic-English and Chinese-English language pairs, respectively.

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CCG Contextual labels in Hierarchical Phrase-Based SMT
Hala Almaghout | Jie Jiang | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation

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Phonetic Representation-Based Speech Translation
Jie Jiang | Zeeshan Ahmed | Julie Carson-Berndsen | Peter Cahill | Andy Way
Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XIII: Papers

2010

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Facilitating Translation Using Source Language Paraphrase Lattices
Jinhua Du | Jie Jiang | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 2010 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing

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Source-side Syntactic Reordering Patterns with Functional Words for Improved Phrase-based SMT
Jie Jiang | Jinhua Du | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Syntax and Structure in Statistical Translation

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Lattice Score Based Data Cleaning for Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation
Jie Jiang | Julie Carson-Berndsen | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation

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The DCU machine translation systems for IWSLT 2010
Hala Almaghout | Jie Jiang | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign

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CCG augmented hierarchical phrase-based machine translation
Hala Almaghout | Jie Jiang | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Papers

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Improved Phrase-based SMT with Syntactic Reordering Patterns Learned from Lattice Scoring
Jie Jiang | Jinhua Du | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 9th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas: Research Papers

In this paper, we present a novel approach to incorporate source-side syntactic reordering patterns into phrase-based SMT. The main contribution of this work is to use the lattice scoring approach to exploit and utilize reordering information that is favoured by the baseline PBSMT system. By referring to the parse trees of the training corpus, we represent the observed reorderings with source-side syntactic patterns. The extracted patterns are then used to convert the parsed inputs into word lattices, which contain both the original source sentences and their potential reorderings. Weights of the word lattices are estimated from the observations of the syntactic reordering patterns in the training corpus. Finally, the PBSMT system is tuned and tested on the generated word lattices to show the benefits of adding potential source-side reorderings in the inputs. We confirmed the effectiveness of our proposed method on a medium-sized corpus for Chinese-English machine translation task. Our method outperformed the baseline system by 1.67% relative on a randomly selected testset and 8.56% relative on the NIST 2008 testset in terms of BLEU score.