,Unnamed: 0,Chapter,Midterm,Model,Condition,Question,Answer,questionId
0,2466,chapter19_6,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What can Univariate linear regression use instead of solving for zeroes?,gradient descent,2466
1,991,slp_chapter6_4,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the dot product of the two vectors, ""a"" and ""b"", equal to?
","The dot product of the two vectors, ""a"" and ""b"", is equal to ""a"" · ""b"".",991
2,6089,chapter_2_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is a built-in knowledge?
",A built-in knowledge is knowledge that is already built into the agent at the start of the planning phase.,6089
3,6407,chapter_3_3_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,How many paths are there in a grid world?,more than 100 million,6407
4,6121,chapter_2_4_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is goal information?
","Goal information is information that describes situations that are desirable, and the agent program can use this information to choose actions that will achieve the goal.",6121
5,1971,chapter3_4,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What is cost-optimal and complete?,Uniform-cost search,1971
6,2652,slp_chapter9_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is any network that contains a cycle within its network connections?,RNN,2652
7,368,chapter2_1,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is an environment?

",Environment could be the entire universe (i.e. everything) but typically just a part of the universe that is relevant to the agent; the part that affects what the agent perceives and is affected by the agent’s actions.,368
8,2814,chapter3_3,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What can be used for problems formulations where it is impossible to for two paths to reach to the same state?,a tree like search algorithm,2814
9,3927,chapter6_5,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is a way of representing a problem as a tree?,Tree decomposition,3927
10,979,slp_chapter9_3,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is used to train a classifier to distinguish those two cases?
",Logistic regression is used to train a classifier to distinguish those two cases.,979
11,5340,chapter_1_1_5,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What is the sole objective for a machine?,winning,5340
12,2440,chapter19_4,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What minimizes error rate?,Optimal fit,2440
13,125,chapter12_7,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the wumpus world?
",The wumpus world is a classic artificial intelligence example in which an agent must navigate a world with pits and snakes.,125
14,3899,chapter6_1,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is the main idea of constraint propagation?,using the constraints to reduce the number of legal values for a variable,3899
15,5250,chapter_1_1_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What chapter discusses the details of the Turing test and whether a computer would be intelligent if it passed?,Chapter 27,5250
16,1051,chapter3_4,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is the difference between bfs and early goal testing?
","Bfs uses late goal testing, while dfs and ucs use early goal testing.",1051
17,5051,chapter_1_1_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"1.1.what did the canonical example start with?
",1.1.the canonical example starts with socrates is a man and all men are mortal and concludes that socrates is mortal.,5051
18,3418,chapter12_6,midterm_2,T5,Zero,How are the effects in a naive Bayes model?,conditionally independent,3418
19,953,slp_chapter7_1,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is a neural network?
",A neural network is a network of small computing units.,953
20,787,chapter16_3,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the difference between the emv and the certainty equivalent?
",The difference between the emv and the certainty equivalent is called the insurance premium.,787
21,1883,slp_chapter6_12,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What are the two main types of evaluation metrics used to evaluate vector models?
",The two main types of evaluation metrics used to evaluate vector models are extrinsic and intrinsic evaluation metrics.,1883
22,6438,chapter_3_4_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,At what depth is d=?,depth,6438
23,10,chapter6_2,midterm_1,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is ac-3?

",Ac-3 is an algorithm that converts a csp into an equivalent csp with a smaller domain size.,10
24,3900,chapter6_1,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What does local consistency in each part of the constraint graph cause to be eliminated throughout the graph?,inconsistent values,3900
25,1148,chapter7_5,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is resolution?
","Resolution is a process that gives a resolvent, and conjunctive normal form is a sentence expressed as a conjunction of clauses.",1148
26,557,SLP_chapter3_2,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the best way to evaluate the performance of a language model in an extrinsic environment?
",The best way to evaluate the performance of a language model in an extrinsic environment is through the use of a test set and a training set.,557
27,387,chapter3_3,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is a search tree?
",A search tree is a superimposition of a search tree over the state-space graph.,387
28,3208,chapter3_4,midterm_1,T5,Zero,BFS searches the nodes in what order?,breadth-first,3208
29,587,chapter19_2,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the trade-off between the expressiveness of a hypothesis space and the computational complexity of finding a good hypothesis within that space?
",The trade-off between the expressiveness of a hypothesis space and the computational complexity of finding a good hypothesis within that space is the bias-variance tradeoff.,587
30,5016,slp_chapter6_10,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is the word2vec skip-gram model trained with?,positive examples,5016
31,1096,chapter6_1,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is revise(csp, xi, xj)?
",5.,1096
32,420,chapter5_5,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"How much time does it take to evaluate a stochastic game?
","It takes o(b^mn^m) time, where n is the number of distinct rolls.",420
33,3281,chapter6_1,midterm_1,T5,Zero,"If the domain of the first variable is ever emptied, what does the function return?",false,3281
34,5172,chapter_3_3_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is best-first search?
",Best-first search is a general approach for choosing which node from the frontier to expand next.,5172
35,5527,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,How many agents can achieve the same average cleanliness?,two different agents,5527
36,2994,chapter19_6,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,"If y is 1 but hw(x) is 0, then wi is increased when the corresponding input xi is positive and decreased when",hw(x),2994
37,6054,chapter_27_1_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the threshold for a program to pass the test?
","If the interrogator is fooled 3of the time, the program passes the test.",6054
38,3046,slp_chapter7_2,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What is not linearly separable?,XOR,3046
39,4824,chapter19_4,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,Training set error often reaches what value as complexity increases?,0,4824
40,2244,chapter22_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is the key difference between TD and TD?,ADP,2244
41,296,slp_chapter9_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What are the advantages of neural language models over n-gram language models?
","Neural language models have several advantages over n-gram language models: they don't need smoothing, they can handle much longer histories, they can generalize over contexts of similar words, and they tend to have much higher predictive accuracy than n-gram language models.",296
42,861,SLP_chapter3_7,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What are the efficiency considerations when building a language model that uses a large set of n-grams?
",Efficiency considerations are important when building a language model that uses a large set of n-grams.,861
43,919,slp_chapter4_5,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is a f1 score?
",F1 score combines precision and recall into one metric,919
44,1003,slp_chapter6_11,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What are some ways that bias in embeddings can be reduced?
",Bias in embeddings can be reduced by changing the training,1003
45,4901,slp_chapter5_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What phase is used to build the classifier?,training phase,4901
46,5039,chapter_1_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"Who are the four groups pursuing ai?
","The four groups pursuing ai are the human-rational, human-empirical, rationalist, and behavioralist groups.",5039
47,3148,chapter2_1,midterm_1,T5,Zero,What is the vacuum cleaner world?,a two-square environment,3148
48,2258,chapter22_3,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is the difference between Q-learning and SARSA?,SARSA,2258
49,3755,chapter2_2,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is important in AI because it helps ensure that agents do the right thing?,Rationality,3755
50,6195,chapter_3_4_5,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the purpose of bidirectional search?
",The purpose of bidirectional search is to speed up the search process.,6195
51,6331,chapter_2_3_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What are some of the key dimensions that task environments can be categorized by?,"observability, determinism, and whether the environment is static or dynamic",6331
52,5183,chapter_3_3_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"3.3.what is a repeated state in the search tree?
",3.3.a repeated state is a state that is reached by a loopy path.,5183
53,2517,slp_chapter4_8,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is used to tune parameters?,devset,2517
54,4519,chapter6_2,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What happens to the whole CSP if $D_i$ becomes empty set?,If $D_i$ becomes empty set,4519
55,714,slp_chapter6_10,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the difference between a shorter context and a high context?

","A shorter context is one in which the context window size is less than words, while a high context is one in which the context window size is greater than words.",714
56,4188,slp_chapter4_7,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What measures the percentage of items actually present that were correctly identified by the system?,Recall,4188
57,6342,chapter_2_4_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the key challenge for AI?,find out how to write programs,6342
58,2739,chapter2_3,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What are two examples of single agent?,crossword or sudoku puzzle,2739
59,6277,chapter_2_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is an agent perceiving its environment through?,sensors,6277
60,2931,chapter12_3,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What is a simple method for probabilistic inference?,computation of posterior probabilities for query propositions given observed evidence,2931
61,3926,chapter6_5,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is a way of removing and assigning a set of values (S) such that the remaining tree is consistent?,Cutset conditioning,3926
62,904,chapter19_6,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is a perceptron?
",A perceptron is a basic building block of a neural network that is used to classify input data.,904
63,1605,chapter16_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is orderability?
",Orderability is the requirement that preferences be transitive.,1605
64,3600,slp_chapter5_1,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is more robust to correlated features than Naive Bayes?,logistic regression,3600
65,1850,slp_chapter9_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What do you need to use logistic regression to train a classifier to distinguish those two cases?
","In order to use logistic regression to train a classifier to distinguish those two cases, you need a function that maps a set of inputs to a set of outputs where the outputs represent the probability of a positive example.",1850
66,3554,slp_chapter4_5,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is a better metric to use when you want to discover something rare?,Precision,3554
67,5513,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What captures the notion of desirability?,performance measure,5513
68,343,slp_chapter6_11,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What does an embedding encode?
",An embedding encodes the implicit associations that are a property of human reasoning.,343
69,1275,chapter19_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is a decision tree?
",A decision tree is a representation of a function that maps vector values of attributes to a single output value decision.,1275
70,2634,slp_chapter7_5,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,Feedforward Neural Language Modeling is compared to what other model?,n-gram models,2634
71,4009,chapter22_2,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,Passive temporal difference learning is a method of learning utility estimates for states by using what?,temporal differences,4009
72,1824,slp_chapter7_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is a non-linear activation function?
",A non-linear activation function is important because a network formed by many layers of purely linear units can always be reduced to a single layer of linear units with appropriate weights.,1824
73,6137,chapter_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the simplest search algorithm?
",The simplest search algorithm is the episodic search algorithm.,6137
74,4981,slp_chapter7_6,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What requires knowing the gradient of the loss function?,gradient descent algorithm,4981
75,1010,chapter27_2,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is the polite convention that everyone thinks? 
",The polite convention that everyone thinks is the belief that a computer can generate understanding.,1010
76,1754,slp_chapter4_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"How does the naive bayes model calculate the probability of a word given a class?
","The naive bayes model uses the following formula to calculate the probability of a word given a class:

$$\hat{p}(w_i | c) = \frac{count(w_i, c) + 1}{\sum_{w \in v}count(w, c) + |v|}$$",1754
77,3505,chapter19_3,midterm_2,T5,Zero,Decision trees can often be what?,very intuitive,3505
78,5459,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What does David Bowman think HAL has feelings for?,sympathy,5459
79,5119,chapter_2_2_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is an example of information gathering?
",Information gathering is an important part of rationality and is covered in depth in chapter 16.,5119
80,4828,chapter19_5,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is a body of knowledge that deals with how to build machines that can learn?,Computational learning theory,4828
81,6014,chapter_1_1_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the goal of ai research?
",The goal of ai research is to create computers that can think.,6014
82,1701,SLP_chapter3_7,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is it possible to build approximate language models using bloom filter techniques?
",It is possible to build approximate language models,1701
83,5127,chapter_2_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is an agent architecture?
",An agent architecture is the combination of an agent program and a computing device with physical sensors and actuators.,5127
84,5525,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What kind of problems remain even when obvious pitfalls are avoided?,knotty,5525
85,6287,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,Who wrote a warning to ensure that “the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire”?,Norbert Wiener,6287
86,775,chapter16_1,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the definition of an agent's preferences captured by a utility function?
",An agent's preferences captured by a utility function is a mapping from each state to a number that captures its desirability.,775
87,142,SLP_chapter3_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the advantage of sampling from a language model versus sampling from a distribution?
", the advantage of sampling from a language model versus sampling from a distribution is that it is likely to generate sentences the model thinks have high probability over ones with low probability.,142
88,6349,chapter_2_4_4,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What does a goal-based agent rely on to decide what to do?,goal information,6349
89,3213,chapter3_5,midterm_1,T5,Zero,Why is A* efficient?,prunes away search tree nodes,3213
90,1770,slp_chapter4_6,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the difference between a naive bayes classifier and a naive bayes model?
",A naive bayes classifier is a probabilistic classifier that is based only on the presence or absence of specific features in the text and does not use any other sources of information. a naive bayes model is a probabilistic model that is based only on the presence or absence of specific features in the text and does not use any other sources of information,1770
91,3807,chapter3_2,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is the criterion for a depth-first search?,m,3807
92,3041,slp_chapter7_1,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,The power of neural networks comes from the ability of which layers to learn representations that can be utilized by later layers in the network?,early layers,3041
93,2238,chapter22_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What does Adaptive dynamic programming do?,Plugs in the learned transition model,2238
94,1879,slp_chapter6_11,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is gendered term become more gendered in embedding space than they were in the input text statistics?
",Gendered terms become more gendered in embedding space than they were in the input text statistics.,1879
95,3465,chapter13_1,midterm_2,T5,Zero,Which node is said to be a parent of Y?,X,3465
96,237,slp_chapter4_9,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"Is a result statistically significant if the p-value is small?
",Yes.,237
97,2662,slp_chapter6_1,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is the link between similarity in how words are distributed and similarity in what they mean called?,distributional hypothesis,2662
98,1342,slp_chapter5_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the cross-entropy loss function?
",The cross-entropy loss function is a commonly used loss function for logistic regression and neural networks.,1342
99,5029,slp_chapter6_12,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is one way to evaluate vector models?,extrinsic evaluation,5029
100,1039,chapter3_2,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is the n-queens family of puzzles?
",The n-queens family is a family of puzzles that can be solved using an incremental formulation or a complete-state formulation.,1039
101,268,slp_chapter5_6,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the normal maximum function?
",The normal maximum function is a function that maps any real number to the largest possible integer greater than or equal to the real number.,268
102,3117,slp_chapter6_12,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What is a common set of ratings from 0 to 10 for 353 noun pairs?,WordSim-353,3117
103,5149,chapter_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is search?
",Search is an algorithm that looks ahead and takes the action that appears to lead to the goal.,5149
104,849,chapter12_4,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What are independence assertions useful for?
",Independence assertions are useful for reducing the size of the domain representation and the complexity of the inference problem.,849
105,6084,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is a performance measure? 
",A performance measure is a measure of an agent’s performance.,6084
106,3470,chapter13_2,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What defines how the syntax corresponds to a joint distribution over the variables of the network?,The semantics,3470
107,6265,chapter_27_2_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What does Searle say computers generate?,no understanding,6265
108,4112,chapter13_3,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What order does the variable elimination algorithm evaluate expressions in?,right-to-left,4112
109,5085,chapter_27_1_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the problem with lucas's claim?
",The problem with lucas's claim is that an agent should not be ashamed that it cannot establish the truth of some sentence while other agents can.,5085
110,2762,chapter2_4,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What will the agent program run on?,agent architecture,2762
111,1020,chapter2_2,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is an agent?
",An agent is a computer program that takes in percepts from its environment and outputs actions.,1020
112,6055,chapter_27_1_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What has led some people to believe that the test is really a measure of human gullibility?
","Some people have been fooled when they didn’t know they might be chatting with a computer, leading some to believe that the test is really a measure of human gullibility.",6055
113,5916,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What is one kind of systematic search on an infinite grid?,spiral path,5916
114,5176,chapter_3_3_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What does best-first search do otherwise?
","Otherwise, best-first search applies expand to generate child nodes.",5176
115,6065,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the problem of consciousness?
",The problem of consciousness is the,6065
116,1582,chapter7_3,midterm_1,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the real world?
",The real world is the set of all possible worlds.,1582
117,4784,chapter19_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is a vector of attribute values?,A factored representation,4784
118,4631,chapter22_2,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,Passive learning is similar to what task?,policy evaluation task,4631
119,4562,chapter7_4,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,"When constructing a knowledge base, what should you do first?",focus on immutable aspects,4562
120,3077,slp_chapter9_3,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What are positive examples?,target word and a neighboring context word,3077
121,6057,chapter_27_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the difference between human intelligence and machine intelligence?
","
human intelligence is concerned with how intelligent people can act.

machine intelligence is concerned with how intelligent machines can act.",6057
122,541,chapter12_5,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the diagnostic direction?
",The diagnostic direction is the direction of the cause to the effect.,541
123,5235,chapter_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,How many years have we tried to understand how we think and act?,thousands,5235
124,674,slp_chapter7_4,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What are the benefits of pretraining?
",The benefits of pretraining are that it saves time and resources and can improve performance.,674
125,5217,chapter_3_4_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is a complete search strategy?
",A complete search strategy is a search strategy that finds all possible solutions to a problem.,5217
126,6223,chapter_1_1_4,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the goal of the rational agent approach to AI?,create agents that act in order to achieve the best possible outcome,6223
127,341,slp_chapter6_11,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What are embeddings?
",Embeddings are models that take linguistic features as input and produce a vector as output.,341
128,1056,chapter3_6,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is a heuristic?
",A heuristic is a method of solving a problem.,1056
129,5604,chapter_2_3_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What is the agent's plight?,hopeless,5604
130,3795,chapter3_1,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,"What is the solution in a fully observable, deterministic, known environment?",a fixed sequence of actions,3795
131,5858,chapter_3_3_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What does the algorithm return?,"an indication of failure, or a node that represents a path to a goal",5858
132,512,chapter22_4,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the most important aspect of function approximation?
",The most important aspect of function approximation is that it allows us to generalize from states we have visited to states we have not visited.,512
133,1669,chapter12_5,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the general form of bayes' rule?
","The general form of bayes' rule is p(y|x) = α p(x|y)p(y), where α is a normalization constant to make the entries in p(y|x) sum to 1.",1669
134,31,chapter7_1,midterm_1,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the agent program?
","The agent program is the program which calls the agent and tells the knowledge base what it perceives, asks what is should perform, then tells the knowledge base what action was taken.",31
135,6409,chapter_3_3_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,How many approaches are there to dealing with redundant paths?,three,6409
136,279,slp_chapter7_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the xor problem?
",The xor problem is an example of a perceptron that is not linearly separable.,279
137,2774,chapter2_4,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,Knowledge about the percepts the sensor receives and what they mean can be described by what?,sensor model,2774
138,637,slp_chapter4_8,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"How is cross-validation used to evaluate a model's performance?
","Cross-validation is used to evaluate a model's performance by training on k-1 folds, computing the error rate on the test set, and then averaging the error rates.",637
139,1425,slp_chapter6_8,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"How big is gpt-3?
","Gpt-3 is the largest language model ever trained, and is the first to be trained on a trillion words.",1425
