,Unnamed: 0,Chapter,Midterm,Model,Condition,Question,Answer,questionId
0,5227,chapter_3_4_5,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"How does bidirectional search differ from iterative deepening search?
","Unlike iterative deepening search, bidirectional search does not necessarily expand the optimal path from the initial state.",5227
1,1136,chapter7_3,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is a model?
",A model is a set of posits that makes a sentence true.,1136
2,775,chapter16_1,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the definition of an agent's preferences captured by a utility function?
",An agent's preferences captured by a utility function is a mapping from each state to a number that captures its desirability.,775
3,446,chapter6_3,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is backtracking?
",Backtracking is when we search for solutions by altering a single state and not creating new ones.,446
4,6278,chapter_2_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What examples are given to illustrate how the concept of an agent can be applied to different types of agents?,"human agent, a robotic agent, and a software agent",6278
5,5979,chapter_3_4_4,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What can a good depth limit be chosen based on?,knowledge of the problem,5979
6,98,chapter22_4,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is look-ahead search?
",Look-ahead search is a technique that combines the utility function with look-ahead search for more accurate decisions.,98
7,4272,slp_chapter9_1,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,Neural Language models don't need what?,smoothing,4272
8,6060,chapter_27_2_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the premise of the chinese room argument?
","The premise of the chinese room argument is that there is no understanding of chinese, even though the system taking input in the form of chinese sentences and generating fluent, intelligent chinese responses.",6060
9,3501,chapter19_2,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is the bias-variance tradeoff between?,complexity,3501
10,4577,chapter16_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,"In decision making with what outcome, the agent does not know the outcomes of the actions and must use other information to make a decision?",uncertain,4577
11,3262,chapter16_2,midterm_1,T5,Zero,What is the expected utility of a lottery?,probability of each outcome multiplied by its utility to the agent,3262
12,6416,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,"In order to be complete, an algorithm must be what in its exploration of an infinite state space?",systematic,6416
13,4681,chapter12_3,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,The marginalization and conditioning rules are useful for what?,deriving probability expressions,4681
14,5932,chapter_3_4_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What can be a set of states rather than a mapping from states to nodes?,reached,5932
15,1210,chapter12_5,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the formula for calculating the probability of evidence, given a hypothesis?
","The formula for calculating the probability of evidence, given a hypothesis, is p(evidence|hypothesis) = p(hypothesis|evidence)p(evidence) / p(hypothesis).",1210
16,6015,chapter_1_1_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What has ai research devoted little effort to?
","Ai research has devoted little effort to passing the turing test, preferring to study the underlying principles of intelligence.",6015
17,5484,chapter_2_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Agents and Environments An agent is anything that can be viewed as perceiving its environment through sensors and acting upon that environment through what?,actuators,5484
18,1401,slp_chapter9_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What do you use to train a classifier?
",You use logistic regression to train a classifier.,1401
19,1720,chapter19_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is induction?
","Induction is going from a specific set of observations to a general rule, and may be incorrect whereas deduction had to be correct.",1720
20,2887,chapter16_2,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What does a rational agent have to either prefer one or rate them as equally preferable?,ORDERABILITY,2887
21,4016,chapter22_3,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What is important in reinforcement learning?,Exploration,4016
22,3201,chapter3_3,midterm_1,T5,Zero,What can we do to see if state has appeared early in the path?,follow the parent node,3201
23,132,SLP_chapter3_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"How do we compute the joint probability of a sequence of events?
",We can compute the joint probability of a sequence of events by treating them as if they were independent. this is known as the independence assumption.,132
24,1264,chapter19_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What are the three main components of an agent?
","The three main components of an agent are the direct mapping from conditions on the current state to an action, the means to infer relevant properties of the world, and the information about the way the world evolves and the results of actions an agent takes.",1264
25,4659,chapter12_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What does the agent's knowledge provide in the relevant sentences?,degree of belief,4659
26,5150,chapter_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the difference between informed search and uninformed search?
","Informed search is when the agent can estimate how far it is from the goal, and uninformed search is when no such estimate is available.",5150
27,5183,chapter_3_3_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"3.3.what is a repeated state in the search tree?
",3.3.a repeated state is a state that is reached by a loopy path.,5183
28,2946,SLP_chapter3_2,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,How do we evaluate a model?,by checking its probability of generating the test data,2946
29,2352,chapter13_1,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What does X -> Y mean?,X parent of Y,2352
30,1141,chapter7_4,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is propositional logic co-np-complete?
","Propositional logic is co-np-complete, meaning every known inference algorithm has a worst-case complexity that is exponential compared to the input size.",1141
31,4833,chapter19_5,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What does input and output allow a machine to do?,gather data about its environment,4833
32,6058,chapter_27_2_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the chinese room argument?
",The chinese room argument is an argument put forth by philosopher john searle that rejects the idea that computers generate understanding.,6058
33,3118,slp_chapter6_12,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What are intrinsic similarity tasks that include?,context 5,3118
34,5134,chapter_2_4_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is a goal-based agent?
","A goal-based agent is an agent program that takes the current percept as input and returns an action to the actuators, where the action depends on both the current percept and a goal or subgoal.",5134
35,5099,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"About whether machines can have qualia?

",The technical term for the intrinsic nature of experiences is qualia. the big,5099
36,3828,chapter3_4,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is the frontier in DFS?,a stack,3828
37,864,SLP_chapter3_7,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is a very large language model called?
",A very large language model is called a stupid backoff.,864
38,6264,chapter_27_2_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the result of the rule book and stacks of paper not understanding Chinese?,no understanding,6264
39,6123,chapter_2_4_5,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,,"
",6123
40,3873,chapter5_5,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What can still be applied to expectimax and stochastic games?,Alpha beta purning,3873
41,2531,slp_chapter4_9,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What tests compare two sets of observations that are aligned?,Paired tests,2531
42,6209,chapter_1_1_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What does a robot need to manipulate objects and move about?,robotics,6209
43,3355,chapter17_3,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is the state space given by?,the Cartesian product S = S1 x... x Sn,3355
44,2118,chapter7_3,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What is also important - an inference algo is complete if it derives any/all entailed sentences?,Completeness,2118
45,381,chapter2_4,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the sensor model?
",The sensor model is a description of how the world senses.,381
46,922,slp_chapter4_6,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the only sort of feature that a naive bayes classifier can use?
",The only sort of feature that a naive bayes classifier can use is a word feature.,922
47,4115,chapter13_3,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,Why is inference in Bayes nets hard?,NP-hard,4115
48,6106,chapter_2_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the agent architecture?
",The agent architecture is the combination of agent programs and the hardware on which they run.,6106
49,4080,SLP_chapter3_4,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What do a better and better job of modeling the training corpus as we increase the value of N?,n-grams,4080
50,122,chapter12_6,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What does the full joint distribution of a chain of direct cause-effect relationships look like?
","P(cause, effect_..., effect_n) = p(cause) ∏ p(effect_i|cause)",122
51,3464,chapter13_1,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What connects pairs of nodes?,Directed links or arrows,3464
52,5625,chapter_2_3_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What does an agent have to spot?,defective parts,5625
53,674,slp_chapter7_4,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What are the benefits of pretraining?
",The benefits of pretraining are that it saves time and resources and can improve performance.,674
54,1639,chapter22_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the difference between active reinforcement learning and reinforcement learning?
",The difference between active reinforcement learning and reinforcement learning is that active reinforcement learning requires the agent to also figure out which actions to take.,1639
55,437,chapter16_3,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is one explanation for irrational preferences?
","One explanation for irrational preferences is certainty effect, which is gains that are certain garner higher attraction.",437
56,601,chapter19_6,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is univariate linear regression?
",Univariate linear regression is fitting with a straight line.,601
57,425,chapter16_1,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is a ranking function?
","A ranking function is a function that assigns a ranking to each outcome, indicating the desirability of that outcome.",425
58,53,chapter7_5,midterm_1,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is satisfiability?
","Satisfiability is a property of sentences that they are true in, or satisfied by, some model.",53
59,5973,chapter_3_4_3,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Backtracking allows us to check for what in time?,cyclic path,5973
60,5119,chapter_2_2_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is an example of information gathering?
",Information gathering is an important part of rationality and is covered in depth in chapter 16.,5119
61,2939,chapter12_7,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What assumes conditional independence of all effect variables given a single cause variable?,Naive babes models,2939
62,1855,slp_chapter6_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What do lexical spaces represent?
",Lexical spaces represent words as points in multi-dimensional space.,1855
63,6011,chapter_1_1_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the purpose of the turing test?
",The purpose of the turing test is to determine if a machine can think.,6011
64,4458,chapter3_6,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,The city block/Manhattan distance heuristic is the best heuristic if there are what?,obstacles,4458
65,987,slp_chapter6_1,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is lexical decomposition?
",Lexical decomposition is the process of breaking down a word into smaller words to get to the,987
66,6105,chapter_2_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is an agent program?
",An agent program is a program that takes in percepts from sensors and outputs actions to actuators.,6105
67,815,chapter7_3,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is a |= b?
",A |= b iff m(a) is a proper subset of m(b).,815
68,4889,slp_chapter4_9,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is?? (x) called?,the effect size,4889
69,3922,chapter6_3,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is MAC?,maintaining arc constraint,3922
70,3052,slp_chapter7_4,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What kind of embedding representations are more powerful than static word embeddings?,contextual embeddings,3052
71,1832,slp_chapter7_4,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the difference between simple static word embeddings and contextual embeddings?
","The difference between simple static word embeddings and contextual embeddings is that simple static word embeddings are used to represent words as vectors in a high-dimensional space, whereas contextual embeddings are used to represent words in a high-dimensional space that is conditioned on the context in which they appear.",1832
72,1120,chapter7_1,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is a successful agent?
",A successful agent has both declarative and procedural setup.,1120
73,6237,chapter_27_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,Who was the first person to define AI?,Alan Turing,6237
74,656,slp_chapter5_4,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the goal of stochastic gradient descent?
","The goal of stochastic gradient descent is to find the set of weights which minimize the loss function, averaged over the samples.",656
75,678,slp_chapter7_5,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the main disadvantage of a feedforward neural language model?
",The main disadvantage of a feedforward neural language model is that it is less accurate at word-prediction than an n-gram language model.,678
76,2822,chapter5_1,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,Game can be defined as a search problem using what?,"initial state, players, actions, result(s, a), terminal test(s), utility(s, p)",2822
77,2309,chapter12_6,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,How does the Naive Bayes model work?,very well,2309
78,1414,slp_chapter6_4,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the dot product of the two vectors 
",The dot product of the two vectors is,1414
79,3349,chapter17_2,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is another process used to find the optimal policy for an MDP?,Policy iteration,3349
80,4299,slp_chapter6_4,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What is the value of the dot product of two vectors?,scalar,4299
81,219,slp_chapter4_5,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the difference between precision and recall?
",The difference between precision and recall is that precision measures the percentage of items that were predicted positive that are actually positive and recall measures the percentage of positive items in the input that were correctly identified by the system as positive.,219
82,469,chapter7_5,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is entailment by model checking?
",Deter,469
83,5120,chapter_2_2_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is an example of a second example of information gathering?
",Exploration that must be undertaken by a vacuum-cleaning agent in an initially unknown environment.,5120
84,771,chapter5_3,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the value of the highest value choice we have found so far at any action point for max?
",The value of the highest value choice we have found so far at any action point for max is a.,771
85,5531,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Who is left to answer the questions about janitorial science?,diligent reader,5531
86,825,chapter17_2,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the equation for value iteration?
",The equation for value iteration is,825
87,1118,chapter7_1,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What does the agent program tell the knowledge base (kb) every time it is called?
",The agent program tells the knowledge base (kb) what it perceives and what action it took.,1118
88,293,slp_chapter7_7,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"How is the neural language model trained?
","The neural language model is trained by setting the parameters θ = e, w, u, b.",293
89,3607,slp_chapter5_3,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is the goal of the loss function?,"to choose the parameters w,b that minimize the loss",3607
90,1652,chapter12_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is ω used for?
",Ω is used to refer to the sample space.,1652
91,3480,chapter13_3,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is the resulting network called?,a polytree,3480
92,1579,chapter7_3,midterm_1,GPT3,Fewshot,"Does a entail b if and only if in every model where a is true, b is true?
","Yes, a entails b if and only if in every model where a is true, b is true.",1579
93,2618,slp_chapter7_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,Perceptron can easily compute what?,AND and OR,2618
94,2785,chapter2_4,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What can the utility function help determine tradeoffs?,conflicting goals,2785
95,964,slp_chapter7_4,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What are some of the central ideas of deep learning?
",One central idea of deep learning is that using pretrained embedding representations is one of the most effective ways to train models. another central idea of deep learning is that using a combination of different neural network layers is one of the most effective ways to train models.,964
96,6062,chapter_27_2_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the difference between the chinese room argument and the computer simulation argument?
","The difference between the chinese room argument and the computer simulation argument is that the chinese room argument rejects the idea that computers generate understanding, whereas the computer simulation argument supports the idea that computers generate understanding.",6062
97,4446,chapter3_5,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is not as important for route-finding problems as it is for other types of problems?,Straight-line distance,4446
98,5125,chapter_2_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the job of ai?
",The job of ai is to design an agent program that implements the agent function—the mapping from percepts to actions.,5125
99,5951,chapter_3_4_3,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What does depth-first search always expand?,deepest node in the frontier first,5951
100,314,slp_chapter6_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is a word?
",A word is a sequence of letters.,314
101,1908,chapter27_2,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What does Turing say there is no direct evidence about human mental states?,no,1908
102,5442,chapter_27_2_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Who follows the instructions in the rule book?,The human,5442
103,2105,chapter7_1,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What are the two sentences that an agent program TELLs KB what it perceives?,MAKE-ACTION-QUERY & MAKE-ACTION-SENTENCE,2105
104,6117,chapter_2_4_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is a model-based reflex agent?
",A model-based reflex agent is an agent that uses a transition model and a sensor model to keep track of the state of the world.,6117
105,6387,chapter_3_1_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the process of removing detail from a representation in order to formulate a problem?,abstraction,6387
106,6300,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the term for what type of user?,user,6300
107,2199,chapter17_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is the process of calculating a new MEU policy pi_i+1 using one-step look-ahead based on U_i,Policy improvement,2199
108,3031,slp_chapter5_3,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What is the negative log likelihood loss generally called?,the cross-entropy loss,3031
109,1798,slp_chapter5_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is conditional maximum likelihood estimation?
","Conditional maximum likelihood estimation is used to choose the parameters w,b that maximize the log probability of the true y labels in the training data given the observations x.",1798
110,2532,slp_chapter4_9,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is BLEU?,any metric,2532
111,6198,chapter_3_4_6,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the difference between breadth-first search and depth-first search?
","Breadth-first search expands nodes in order of increasing depth from the root, while depth-first search expands nodes in order of increasing depth from the root, but expands the deepest node in the current frontier of the search tree before expanding any shallower nodes.",6198
112,1353,slp_chapter5_5,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is l2 regularization?
","L2 regularization is a quadratic function of the weight values, named after the l2 norm of the weight values.",1353
113,350,chapter1_1,midterm_1,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What are the two dimensions of artificial intelligence?
",The two dimensions of artificial intelligence are human/rational and thought/behaviour.,350
114,4594,chapter17_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is the reward function in the Markos Decision Process?,"R(s,a,s’)",4594
115,5809,chapter_3_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,How many sequences does the agent have to simulate to reach the goal?,multiple,5809
116,2555,slp_chapter5_1,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,Logistic regression learns a set of what?,weights and bias terms,2555
117,1610,chapter16_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is decomposability?
",Decomposability is the requirement that preferences be decomposable.,1610
118,1577,chapter7_3,midterm_1,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is a model?
",A model is a set of possible worlds where all of the sentences in the model are true.,1577
119,1837,slp_chapter7_6,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is a neural net?
","A neural net is a model that is composed of many layers of neurons, which are connected to",1837
120,1433,slp_chapter6_11,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is reprerepresentational harm?
",Reprerepresentational harm is a harm caused by a system demeaning or even ignoring some social groups.,1433
121,185,chapter19_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the purpose of decision tree pruning?
","Decision tree pruning is used to combat overfitting, which is removing irrelevant nodes.",185
122,454,chapter6_4,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is tabu search?
",Tabu search is a technique that uses a small list of visited states that cannot be revisited.,454
123,6242,chapter_27_1_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What does the ""argument from disability"" claim machines can never do?",X,6242
124,5964,chapter_3_4_3,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What takes time proportional to the number of states for a finite tree-shaped state-space?,a depth-first tree-like search,5964
125,787,chapter16_3,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the difference between the emv and the certainty equivalent?
",The difference between the emv and the certainty equivalent is called the insurance premium.,787
126,6380,chapter_3_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the agent's problem-solving process?,"first formulates a goal, then a problem, then searches for a solution",6380
127,3860,chapter5_3,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is used to optimize minimax search and cut the exponent in half?,Alpha-beta pruning,3860
128,5174,chapter_3_3_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the general approach called?
",The general approach is called best-first search.,5174
129,3813,chapter3_3,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What does a search algorithm use to wait until a node is popped off the queue?,late goal tests,3813
130,3094,slp_chapter6_8,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What prevents the need for hand-labeled supervision signal?,self-supervision,3094
131,2825,chapter5_3,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What purning is used to optimize minimiax search and cut exponenet in half?,alphabeta,2825
132,4347,chapter1_1,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is the rational approach called?,engineering,4347
133,5144,chapter_2_4_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the difference between a model-based reflex agent and a goal-based agent?
","A model-based reflex agent uses a model to choose actions, while a goal-based agent uses both current state and goal information to choose actions.",5144
134,78,chapter17_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the formal model of the multi-armed bandit problem?
",The multi-armed bandit problem is a specific class of sequential decision problems.,78
135,3448,SLP_chapter3_5,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What do language models have to do to keep them from assigning zero probability to unseen events?,smoothing or discounting,3448
136,6406,chapter_3_3_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,How many squares can an agent reach in a grid world?,100 squares,6406
137,3669,slp_chapter9_2,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What are LMs?,Neural language models,3669
138,4575,chapter16_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is the second type of simple decisions?,decision making with uncertain outcomes,4575
139,738,chapter2_4,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What are percepts?
",Percepts are the sensor measurements made available to the agent program.,738
