,Unnamed: 0,Chapter,Midterm,Model,Condition,Question,Answer,questionId
0,6092,chapter_2_2_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the difference between rationality and omniscience?
","Omniscience is impossible in reality, but rationality is not the same as perfection. rationality maximizes expected performance, while perfection maximizes actual performance.",6092
1,99,chapter12_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the uncertainty that agents need to handle in the real world?
","The uncertainty that agents need to handle in the real world can be due to partial observability, nondeterminism or adversaries.",99
2,6119,chapter_2_4_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is a sensor model?
",A sensor model is a model of how the state of the world is mapped to the agent's percepts.,6119
3,6396,chapter_3_3_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,Best-first search generates what and adds them to the frontier?,child nodes,6396
4,2104,chapter7_1,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What does the agent program tell KB?,what it chose to do,2104
5,4135,chapter19_2,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What is the tradeoff between the complexity of the hypothesis space and the computational complexity of finding a good hypothesis in that space?,The bias-variance tradeoff,4135
6,814,chapter7_3,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is a model of a entail b?
","A model of a entails b if and only if in every model where a is true, b is true.",814
7,541,chapter12_5,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the diagnostic direction?
",The diagnostic direction is the direction of the cause to the effect.,541
8,6462,chapter_3_4_6,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What algorithm may continue expanding nodes indefinitely if a goal state is not found?,depth-first search,6462
9,525,chapter12_3,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the probability of having a cavity 
",P(cavity) = p(cavity and toothache) / p(toothache) = 0.7 / 0.9 = 0.7,525
10,1712,chapter13_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is a singly connected network or polytree?
",A singly connected network or polytree is a network in which there is a single path between any two nodes.,1712
11,2421,chapter19_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What does most machine learning focus on?,simple representations,2421
12,4314,slp_chapter6_11,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What is a harm caused by a system that allocates resources unfairly to different groups?,Allocational harm,4314
13,2511,slp_chapter4_7,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What are some evaluations?,"Precision, Recall, F-measure",2511
14,601,chapter19_6,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is univariate linear regression?
",Univariate linear regression is fitting with a straight line.,601
15,21,chapter6_4,midterm_1,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the min conflict strategy?
",The min conflict strategy selects the value that results in the minimum number of conflicts with other variables.,21
16,6030,chapter_27,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What are the ethical implications of the advancement of ai?
","The ethical implications of the advancement of ai include questions about the consequences of creating intelligent machines, and the",6030
17,6173,chapter_3_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is an uninformed search algorithm?
",An uninformed search algorithm is given no clue about how close a state is to the goal(s).,6173
18,2317,SLP_chapter3_1,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,"What do speech recognition, spelling correction, and grammatical error correction all need?",probabilities,2317
19,600,chapter19_5,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the difference between a hypothesis that is consistent with a large set of training examples and a hypothesis that is probably approximately correct?
","The difference between a hypothesis that is consistent with a large set of training examples and a hypothesis that is probably approximately correct is that the former is a hypothesis that is wrong, while the latter is a hypothesis that is right.",600
20,1774,slp_chapter4_7,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is precision?
",Precision measures the percentage of items that the system detected that are in fact positive.,1774
21,5100,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"Of consciousness?

",The,5100
22,4045,chapter12_4,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,When does independence fail to hold?,whenever a connection (also very indirect) exists between two variables,4045
23,2555,slp_chapter5_1,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,Logistic regression learns a set of what?,weights and bias terms,2555
24,5203,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"1
",To,5203
25,4375,chapter2_2,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,Who is responsible for the design of performance measures?,the designer of the machine,4375
26,2868,chapter7_5,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What is the result of an action?,add the sentence in the bottom half of the inference rule,2868
27,1886,slp_chapter6_12,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the wordsim-3dataset?
",The wordsim-3dataset is a set of ratings from 0 to for 3noun pairs.,1886
28,3385,chapter22_4,midterm_2,T5,Zero,Approximating direct utility estimation makes sense for what?,reinforcement learning,3385
29,5043,chapter_1_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the behavioralist approach to ai?
",The behavioralist approach to ai is an approach,5043
30,6310,chapter_2_2_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What type of activities does a rational agent engage in?,underintelligent activities,6310
31,5131,chapter_2_4_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is a reflex agent?
",A reflex agent is an agent program that takes the current percept as input and returns an action to the actuators.,5131
32,762,chapter5_1,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What are actions?
",Actions are the possible moves that can be made from the initial state.,762
33,3193,chapter3_3,midterm_1,T5,Zero,What are search algorithms used for?,to find solutions to problems or to indicate failure if no solution exists,3193
34,5958,chapter_3_4_3,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,"In cyclic state spaces, what can depth-first search get stuck in?",infinite loop,5958
35,4592,chapter17_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What can the reward R(s,a,s') be?",positive or negative,4592
36,3007,slp_chapter4_6,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What type of model will assign higher probabilities to sentences given a positive sentiment?,positive,3007
37,6201,chapter_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the field of artificial intelligence concerned with?,building machines,6201
38,5007,slp_chapter6_3,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What do cells represent?,how often a word occurs in a document,5007
39,4902,slp_chapter5_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is the goal of a classifier that can make a binary decision about the class of a new input observation?,binary logistic regression,4902
40,3692,slp_chapter6_8,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is a transformer-based language model that uses self-attention to learn the relationships between words in a text?,GPT-3,3692
41,5074,chapter_27_1_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the critique of this style of programming computers?
",The critique of this style of programming computers is that it is difficult to capture every contingency of appropriate behavior in a set of necessary and sufficient logical rules; we called that the qualification problem.,5074
42,6294,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,"Even when obvious pitfalls are avoided, what kind of problems remain?",knotty,6294
43,3992,chapter17_3,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What is the name of the metal?,Sn,3992
44,6063,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"How are the issues of consciousness in machines and animal consciousness similar?
",Both issues concern whether or not a non-human entity is conscious.,6063
45,890,chapter19_3,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"7.what is the importance measured by?
",7.,890
46,2827,chapter5_3,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What is the evaulation function for the min max value?,an herustic,2827
47,3078,slp_chapter9_3,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What are the target word and a neighboring context word treated as?,positive examples,3078
48,3061,slp_chapter9_1,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What type of models have advantages over n-gram LMs?,Neural Language models,3061
49,1526,chapter5_5,midterm_1,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the problem of zero sum game with uncertainty?
",With uncertainty the problem of zero sum game is not tractable easily.,1526
50,4122,chapter19_1,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What is a vector of attribute values?,A factored representation,4122
51,1665,chapter12_4,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is a separation of variables by independence?
",A separation of variables by independence is a situation in which the independence of two variables can be proven.,1665
52,1510,chapter5_1,midterm_1,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is a player? 
",A player is,1510
53,469,chapter7_5,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is entailment by model checking?
",Deter,469
54,336,slp_chapter6_10,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the term frequency?
",The term frequency is the frequency of word $t$ in document $d$.,336
55,6238,chapter_27_1_1,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,The argument from informality says that human behavior is what to be captured by any formal set of rules?,too complex,6238
56,2991,chapter19_6,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What is a linear decision boundary called?,linear separator,2991
57,743,chapter3_1,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is a closed-loop approach?

",A closed-loop approach is a solution that needs branches depending on the percepts received to decide actions.,743
58,117,chapter12_5,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the general version of bayes' rule?
",The general version of bayes' rule is applicable for any multivalued variable.,117
59,1038,chapter3_2,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is np-complete?
",The 8-puzzle is np-complete.,1038
60,4606,chapter17_2,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,How do we update the policy?,by the action that maximizes the agent function,4606
61,837,chapter22_4,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is function approximation combined with look-ahead search?
",Function approximation combined with look-ahead search is a method for constructing a more accurate decision.,837
62,1032,chapter3_1,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is the solution to a partially observable or nondeterministic environment?
",A solution might need branches depending on the percepts received to decide actions.,1032
63,738,chapter2_4,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What are percepts?
",Percepts are the sensor measurements made available to the agent program.,738
64,5415,chapter_27_1_4,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What did Turing believe was the key point of the Turing test?,performance on some kind of open-ended behavioral task,5415
65,3962,chapter16_1,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What should an agent choose in order to make a simple decision?,maximizes the agent’s expected utility,3962
66,3368,chapter22_2,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is a disadvantage of passive learning?,does not know the transition probabilities or rewards for a given state,3368
67,4474,chapter5_3,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is created to evaluate states and some cut-off of depth?,an evaluation function,4474
68,6108,chapter_2_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is an action?
",An action is an agent's command to the actuators.,6108
69,5177,chapter_3_3_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What does best-first search do with each child node?
","With each child node, best-first search adds it to the frontier if it has not been reached before, or re-adds it if it is now being reached with a path that has a lower path cost than any previous path.",5177
70,2123,chapter7_4,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,Complex sentences are constructed from what?,simpler sentences,2123
71,6035,chapter_27_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the difference between weak ai and strong ai?
","Weak ai is the idea that machines can act as if they were intelligent, while strong ai is the assertion that machines that do so are actually conscious and thinking.",6035
72,645,slp_chapter5_1,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the advantage of logistic regression over naive bayes?
",The advantage of logistic regression over naive bayes is that logistic regression is better for larger data sets.,645
73,1021,chapter2_2,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is ai concerned with?
","Ai is concerned with consequentialism, which evaluates an agent's behavior by its consequences.",1021
74,6459,chapter_3_4_6,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What algorithm is guaranteed to find the shortest path to a goal state?,Breadth-first search,6459
75,3619,slp_chapter5_5,midterm_2,T5,Zero,Ridge regression assumes that weights are distributed according to what distribution with mean?? = 0. Ridge regression prefers weight vectors with many small weights,Gaussian,3619
76,5281,chapter_1_1_3,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,When did logicians develop a precise notation for statements about objects in the world and the relations among them?,19th century,5281
77,1049,chapter3_4,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is the difference between bfs and dfs?
","Bfs searches the nodes in a breadth-first manner, while dfs searches the nodes in a depth-first manner.",1049
78,4103,chapter13_1,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What does a Bayesian network have?,no directed cycles,4103
79,6137,chapter_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the simplest search algorithm?
",The simplest search algorithm is the episodic search algorithm.,6137
80,5099,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"About whether machines can have qualia?

",The technical term for the intrinsic nature of experiences is qualia. the big,5099
81,2205,chapter17_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What are the utilities in Linear Programming?,U(s) of each state s,2205
82,5211,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"2
",,5211
83,5870,chapter_3_3_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What is used in best-first search?,A priority queue first pops the node with the minimum cost according to some evaluation function,5870
84,5036,chapter_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the importance of artificial intelligence?
",Artificial intelligence is important because it is relevant to any intellectual task and is a universal field.,5036
85,5904,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,How much memory is needed to perform the search?,SPACE COMPLEXITY,5904
86,611,slp_chapter4_1,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is a discriminative classifier?
",A discriminative classifier is a classifier that instead learns what features from the input are most useful to discriminate between the different possible classes.,611
87,2203,chapter17_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,Large state spaces can use what version?,approximation,2203
88,2569,slp_chapter5_1,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,Logistic regression is better for what type of data sets?,larger data sets,2569
89,2772,chapter2_4,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What will the agent do?,keep track of other knowledge of the env,2772
90,5641,chapter_2_3_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Taxi driving is a what?,continuous-state and continuous-time,5641
91,4908,slp_chapter5_2,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What does the loss function measure?,the distance between the system output and the gold output,4908
92,2792,chapter3_1,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What is a search to reach a goal?,simulating sequences of actions,2792
93,6252,chapter_27_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,"Most AI researchers are not concerned with whether or not machines can actually think, but rather with what?",how intelligent they can act,6252
94,1216,chapter12_7,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the wumpus world?
",The wumpus world is a world where agents can only get partial information about the world around them.,1216
95,1169,chapter17_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is policy iteration?
",Policy iteration is another process used to find the optimal policy for an mdp.,1169
96,3749,chapter2_1,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,"What does the vacuum cleaner have that allow it to move left, right, and pick up dirt?",actuators,3749
97,2948,SLP_chapter3_2,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What is the term for the perplexity of a language model on a test set?,*PP*,2948
98,1700,SLP_chapter3_7,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the size of a language model reduced by storing it as a hash number instead of a string?
",The size of a language model is reduced by storing it as a hash number instead of a string by converting it to a hash table.,1700
99,1540,chapter16_3,midterm_1,GPT3,Fewshot,"How is the utility of an object determined?
",The utility of an object is determined by multiplying the utility of the object by the probability of the object being obtained.,1540
100,81,chapter17_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the overall bandit problem?
",The overall bandit problem is a markov decision process (mdp) that has a state space given by the cartesian product s = s1 x ... x sn.,81
101,730,chapter27_2,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the usual convention regarding whether or not computers generate understanding?
",The usual convention is that everyone thinks that computers do not generate understanding.,730
102,3242,chapter5_3,midterm_1,T5,Zero,What is the effectinvness of alpha beta dependent on?,the order in which states are examined,3242
103,4339,chapter1_1,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is the second approach to developing artificial intelligence?,create systems that think humanly,4339
104,984,slp_chapter6_1,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is word relatedness?
",Word relatedness is the relation between two words.,984
105,5178,chapter_3_3_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is a node in a search tree represented by?
","A node in a search tree is represented by a data structure with four components: state, parent, action, and path-cost",5178
106,2795,chapter3_1,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What is executed?,execution of the actions in the solution sequence,2795
107,3548,slp_chapter4_3,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is the benefit of removing duplicate words before concatenating them into a single document?,improve the accuracy of the classifier,3548
108,3716,slp_chapter6_12,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is the intrinsic evaluation metric testing against human-assigned ratings?,algorithm's word similarity scores,3716
109,5591,chapter_2_3,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What does PEAS stand for?,"Performance, Environment, Actuators, Sensors",5591
110,30,chapter7_1,midterm_1,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the initial knowledge base of the environment?
",The initial knowledge base of the environment is a collection of sentences in a knowledge representation language which tell information about the world.,30
111,3611,slp_chapter5_4,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is an online algorithm that minimizes the loss function by computing its gradient after each training example?,Stochastic gradient descent,3611
112,5627,chapter_2_3_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,In what type of environment could the current decision affect all future decisions?,sequential environments,5627
113,299,slp_chapter9_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the disadvantage of a neural language model over a traditional n-gram language model?
",The disadvantage of a neural language model over a traditional n-gram language model is that it is slower to train.,299
114,1346,slp_chapter5_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the resulting loss function?

","The resulting loss function is the negative log likelihood loss, generally called the cross-entropy loss.",1346
115,235,slp_chapter4_9,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the alternative hypothesis?
",The alternative hypothesis is h1.,235
116,986,slp_chapter6_1,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is lexical decomposition?
",Lexical decomposition is the process of breaking down a word into smaller words to get to the root of its meaning.,986
117,5577,chapter_2_2_3,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What should a rational agent be?,autonomous,5577
118,4367,chapter2_1,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,How many kinds of actuators does a vacuum cleaner agent have?,three,4367
119,2162,chapter16_3,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,How can an agent assess utility of any prize?,having agent choose between S and standard lottery,2162
120,133,SLP_chapter3_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the more general case where we do not know the previous history of the system?
","The more general case where we do not know the previous history of the system is where we can use the markov assumption, which states that the probability of the current state is dependent only on the current state and not the previous states.",133
121,630,slp_chapter4_7,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the arithmetic mean of 4 and 7?
",The arithmetic mean of 4 and 7 is 5.,630
122,6346,chapter_2_4_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is an agent that uses a transition model and a sensor model to keep track of the state of the world?,model-based reflex agent,6346
123,1683,SLP_chapter3_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the perplexity a measure of?
",The perplexity is a measure of how well a language model predicts a test set.,1683
124,4131,chapter19_2,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What is the tendency of a predictive hypothesis to deviate from the expected value when averaged over different training sets?,Bias,4131
125,144,SLP_chapter3_5,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is laplace smoothing?
",Laplace smoothing is a method of smoothing in which we add one to all n-gram counts before normalizing them into probabilities.,144
126,470,chapter7_5,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the theorem proving approach to determining entailment?
",Theorem proving is the approach to determining entailment in which we apply rules of inference directly to the sentences in our knowledge base to construct a proof of the desired sentence without consulting models.,470
127,5470,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Who has a clear advantage over machines in modeling experience?,humans,5470
128,4895,slp_chapter4_10,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is a harm caused by a system that demeans a social group?,representational harm,4895
129,1771,slp_chapter4_7,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is a gold label?
",A gold label is a human-defined label that we are trying to match up to.,1771
130,3846,chapter3_6,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is another heuristic that can be used to solve a problem?,misplaced object count,3846
131,458,chapter6_5,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the benefit of using cutset conditioning to transform a csp into a tree?
","Using cutset conditioning to transform a csp into a tree, we can get o(d^c x (n-c)d^runtime.",458
132,3446,SLP_chapter3_4,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is another term for out-of-vocabulary?,OOV,3446
133,1341,slp_chapter5_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is a loss or cost function?
","A loss or cost function is used to measure the distance between the system output and the gold output, with the goal of minimizing this distance.",1341
134,6245,chapter_27_1_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What theory applies to computers?,Gödel's incompleteness theorem,6245
135,1435,slp_chapter6_11,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What are the two main ways to do this?
",There are two main ways to do this: (developing a transformation of the embedding space that removes gender stereotypes but preserves definitional gender; and (changing the training procedure.,1435
136,6064,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"How are the issues of consciousness in machines and animal consciousness different?
","The issue of animal consciousness concerns whether or not non-human animals are conscious, while the issue of consciousness in machines concerns whether or not non-human entities that are not animals are conscious.",6064
137,6191,chapter_3_4_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is depth-limited search?
",Depth-limited search is a variation of depth-first search that sets a limit on how deep the search can go.,6191
138,843,chapter12_3,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"P(x|e) = α ∑_y p(x,e,y)
","P(x|e) = α ∑_y p(x,e,y)",843
139,1152,chapter16_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the difference between expected utility and expected value?
","4.
expected utility is the sum of the utilities of the possible outcomes of the chosen action.
expected value is the sum of the values of the possible outcomes of the chosen action.",1152
