,Unnamed: 0,Chapter,Midterm,Model,Condition,Question,Answer,questionId
0,1198,chapter12_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the benefit of probability theory?
","The benefit of probability theory is that it can be used to summarize the uncertainty that comes from an agent's laziness and ignorance, thereby solving the qualification problem.",1198
1,5622,chapter_2_3_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What does the agent receive in each episode?,percept,5622
2,254,slp_chapter5_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the resulting loss function?
","The resulting loss function is the negative log likelihood loss, generally called the cross-entropy loss.",254
3,4576,chapter16_1,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,"In decision making with known outcomes, who can use this knowledge to make a decision?",the agent knows the outcomes of the actions,4576
4,60,chapter16_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is orderability?
",Orderability is the constraint on rational preferences that requires that preferences be transitive.,60
5,1207,chapter12_4,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the relationship between separation and independence?
",Separation is a special case of independence.,1207
6,5057,chapter_27,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is ai?
",Ai is the study of how to make machines that act intelligently.,5057
7,6029,chapter_27,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What are the philosophical issues surrounding the development and use of ai?
","The philosophical issues surrounding the development and use of ai include questions about the nature of intelligence and sentience, as well as the",6029
8,968,slp_chapter7_5,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the disadvantage of neural language models over n-gram models?
",The,968
9,6320,chapter_2_2_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What kind of cases are there in which the environment is completely known a priori and completely predictable?,extreme cases,6320
10,1618,chapter17_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What are the requirements for an mdp?
","The requirements for an mdp are a set of states, a set of actions in each state, a set of observations, a set of transition probabilities, and a reward function.",1618
11,1947,chapter2_4,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What does the learning element use to modify the performance element?,feedback on how agent is doing,1947
12,3070,slp_chapter9_2,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,Neural LMs create a notion of what?,similarity between words,3070
13,2063,chapter6_3,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What is the MRW heuristic?,Most constrained/first-fail,2063
14,3036,slp_chapter5_5,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What is another name for lasso regression?,Manhattan,3036
15,6179,chapter_3_4_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is a complete search strategy?
",A complete search strategy is a systematic search strategy that is complete even on infinite state spaces.,6179
16,5191,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"
",To,5191
17,1203,chapter12_4,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is an independence assertion?
",An independence assertion is a statement that two variables are independent of one another.,1203
18,3876,chapter16_1,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What captures the agent's preferences?,utility function,3876
19,5640,chapter_2_3_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What does chess have a discrete set of?,percepts and actions,5640
20,4273,slp_chapter9_1,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,Neural Language models can handle what?,longer histories,4273
21,1731,chapter19_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the difference between a decision tree and a decision rule?
","The difference between a decision tree and a decision rule is that a decision tree maps a vector of attribute values to a single output value decision, whereas a decision rule maps a vector of attribute values to a set of output value decisions.",1731
22,1345,slp_chapter5_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the goal?

","The goal is to choose the parameters w,b that minimize the loss.",1345
23,6243,chapter_27_1_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What are some examples of X?,strawberries and cream,6243
24,6343,chapter_2_4_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What does a simple reflex agent choose actions based on?,the current percept,6343
25,934,slp_chapter4_8,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the difference between linear and non-linear neural networks?
","The main difference between linear and non-linear neural networks is that linear neural networks use a linear function to compute output from input, whereas non-linear neural networks do not.",934
26,936,slp_chapter4_8,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the difference between lstm and rnn?
","The main difference between lstm and rnn is that lstm uses a local state, whereas rnn uses a global state.",936
27,3445,SLP_chapter3_4,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What problem does using a training corpus that is similar in genre and dialect to the task at hand help to avoid?,sparsity,3445
28,3387,chapter22_4,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What idea can be applied to temporal-difference learning?,temporal-difference learning,3387
29,1383,slp_chapter7_6,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is a loss function?
",A loss function is a function that measures the distance between the system output and the gold output.,1383
30,2973,chapter13_1,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What connects pairs of nodes?,Directed links or arrows,2973
31,801,chapter7_1,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,What is the initial background knowledge of the environment?,The initial background knowledge of the environment is initially blank.,801
32,6267,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What does the text touch on?,animal consciousness,6267
33,3263,chapter16_3,midterm_1,T5,Zero,What is a process of letting the human decide what the utility function should be?,Preference elicitation,3263
34,5190,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"
",To,5190
35,102,chapter12_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the difference between logical and probabilistic agents?
","The difference between logical and probabilistic agents is that logical agents believe only true/false/no_opinion for each sentence, while probabilistic agents have numerical degrees of belief between 0 and 1.",102
36,669,slp_chapter7_3,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is a feedforward network?
","A feedforward network is a multilayer network in which the units are connected with no cycles; the outputs from units in each layer
are passed to units in the next higher layer, and no outputs are passed back to lower layers.",669
37,1127,chapter7_2,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"1?
",The ,1127
38,2966,SLP_chapter3_5,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What do language models have to do to keep them from assigning zero probability to unseen events?,smoothing or discounting,2966
39,5276,chapter_1_1_3,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Aristotle was one of the first to try to codify what?,right thinking,5276
40,5199,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"1
",To,5199
41,3824,chapter3_3,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What is another term for a tree-like search algorithm?,Measuring the performance of the search,3824
42,4030,chapter12_1,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,How do problem-solving and logical agents handle uncertainly?,by keeping track of a belief state and generating a contingency plan,4030
43,6298,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the wrong purpose problem described on page 33?,King Midas,6298
44,2193,chapter17_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is value iteration?,propagating information through the state space by local updates,2193
45,6403,chapter_3_3_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is a path that is just a worse way to get to the same state?,A redundant path,6403
46,6306,chapter_2_2_3,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What maximizes expected performance, while perfection maximizes actual performance?",Rationality,6306
47,791,chapter6_2,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What does ac-3 do?

","Ac-3 pops out an arbitrary arc $(x_i, x_j)$ and then makes the variable $x_i$ arc consistent with $x_j$.",791
48,6117,chapter_2_4_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is a model-based reflex agent?
",A model-based reflex agent is an agent that uses a transition model and a sensor model to keep track of the state of the world.,6117
49,1066,chapter5_2,midterm_1,GPT3,Zero,"What is the optimal solution to a game?
",The optimal solution to a game is a sequence of actions that leads to a goal state (a win).,1066
50,1824,slp_chapter7_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is a non-linear activation function?
",A non-linear activation function is important because a network formed by many layers of purely linear units can always be reduced to a single layer of linear units with appropriate weights.,1824
51,5202,chapter_3_3_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"1
",To,5202
52,400,chapter3_6,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,What is the effective branching factor for a heuristic with a solution depth of d and a branching factor of n + 1?,The manhattan distance heuristic sums horizontal and vertical distances to goal positions.,400
53,5359,chapter_27_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,When did John Searle introduce a distinction between weak AI and strong AI?,1980,5359
54,4263,slp_chapter7_5,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What is the input first represented as?,one-hot vector,4263
55,5464,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What are the two leading theories of consciousness?,global workspace theory and integrated information theory,5464
56,2896,chapter16_2,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,Compound lotteries can be reduced to simpler ones using what?,laws of probability,2896
57,6100,chapter_2_3,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,To which the ,Is the correct answer. ,6100
58,2728,chapter27_2,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What term describes the intrinsic nature of experiences?,Qualia,2728
59,4597,chapter17_2,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is the maximum relative change in utility allowed?,delta,4597
60,5372,chapter_27_1_1,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Who said that biological brains are first and foremost the control systems for biological bodies?,Andy Clark,5372
61,6302,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What is the definition of what?,r,6302
62,5316,chapter_1_1_4,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,What is not feasible in complex environments?,perfect rationality,5316
63,4649,chapter22_4,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What can the utility function be approximated with?,weighted linear combinations of features,4649
64,3543,slp_chapter4_1,midterm_2,T5,Zero,What is the intuition behind Bayesian classification?,to use Bayes’ rule to transform into other probabilities,3543
65,730,chapter27_2,midterm_1,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the usual convention regarding whether or not computers generate understanding?
",The usual convention is that everyone thinks that computers do not generate understanding.,730
66,6110,chapter_2_4,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is a sensor?
",A sensor is a component that takes in percepts from the environment.,6110
67,5102,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"Of consciousness?

",The ,5102
68,515,chapter12_1,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the rational decision depends on both the relative importance of various goals and the likelihood that, and degree, they will be achieved? 
","The rational decision depends on both the relative importance of various goals and the likelihood that, and degree, they will be achieved.
",515
69,5742,chapter_2_4_6,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,The performance element is what we have previously considered to be?,entire agent,5742
70,6372,chapter_2_4_7,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,What do agent programs describe changes that might occur as a result of taking an action?,the environment,6372
71,4970,slp_chapter7_5,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,Neural language models can handle what?,longer histories,4970
72,2164,chapter16_3,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is not proportional to monetary value?,Utility,2164
73,4863,slp_chapter4_4,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What does the natural Bayesian classifier do?,A model for each class instantiates the unigram language model,4863
74,4346,chapter1_1,midterm_1,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What does the rational approach involve?,maximizing expected utility,4346
75,4742,SLP_chapter3_5,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What are two ways to keep a language model from assigning zero probability to unseen events?,smoothing or discounting,4742
76,164,chapter13_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is a polytree?
",A polytree is a network in which there is a path between any two nodes.,164
77,1653,chapter12_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is ω used for?
","Ω is used to refer to elements of the space, particularly possible worlds.",1653
78,6160,chapter_3_3_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What are the four components of a node?
","The four components of a node are state, parent, action, and path-cost.",6160
79,2839,chapter6_1,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What does the process of enforcing local consistency in each part of the constraint graph cause to be eliminated throughout the graph?,inconsistent values,2839
80,4964,slp_chapter7_3,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,The advantage of using a single matrix is that the hidden layer computation can be done very efficiently with what?,simple matrix operations,4964
81,3766,chapter2_3,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,"What properties include fully observable vs. partially observable, single agent vs. multiagent, deterministic v",Task environment,3766
82,3288,chapter6_2,midterm_1,T5,Zero,What happens if the domain of X_i is unchanged?,the algorithm moves on to the next arc,3288
83,1677,chapter12_7,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is bayes' rule?
","Bayes' rule is a formula that allows unknown probabilities to be computed from known conditional probabilities, often in the causal direction.",1677
84,2366,chapter13_2,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is it impossible to create a Bayesian network that violates?,prob-axioms,2366
85,21,chapter6_4,midterm_1,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the min conflict strategy?
",The min conflict strategy selects the value that results in the minimum number of conflicts with other variables.,21
86,4093,SLP_chapter3_7,midterm_2,T5,Fewshot,What considerations are important when building language models that use large sets of n-grams?,Efficiency,4093
87,1177,chapter22_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the difference between reinforcement learning and previous learning paradigms?
",Reinforcement learning differs from previous learning paradigms because the agent is actually in the environment and has to act to learn more.,1177
88,3953,chapter7_4,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,Propositional logic is what?,co-NP-complete,3953
89,1587,chapter7_4,midterm_1,GPT3,Fewshot,"What are the rules?
",The rules are expressed in truth tables that specify the values of complex sentences.,1587
90,427,chapter16_2,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What are the six constraints to obey?
","The six constraints to obey are orderability, transitivity, continuity, substitutability, monotonicity, and decomposability.",427
91,2067,chapter6_3,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What can we use when var X is assigned?,foward checking,2067
92,333,slp_chapter6_8,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is a logistic regression classifier?
",A logistic regression classifier is a learning algorithm that is used to distinguish between those two cases.,333
93,3813,chapter3_3,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,What does a search algorithm use to wait until a node is popped off the queue?,late goal tests,3813
94,1799,slp_chapter5_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is the loss function called?
",The loss function is called the cross-entropy loss.,1799
95,4925,slp_chapter5_5,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is an example of L2 regularization?,Ridge regression,4925
96,6291,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From GPT-3 generated summary,How can a rational agent maximize a performance measure?,"cleaning up the dirt, then dumping it all on the floor, then cleaning it up again",6291
97,2053,chapter6_2,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,AC-3 maintains a queue of what to be examined?,arcs,2053
98,1926,chapter2_1,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What is an agent vs part of the environment when it's behavior can be described in terms of?,performance measure,1926
99,489,chapter16_3,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"Utility is not proportional to monetary value.
",Utility is not proportional to monetary value.,489
100,3181,chapter3_1,midterm_1,T5,Zero,What is needed if the model is incorrect or the environment is nondeterministic?,closed-loop approach,3181
101,1370,slp_chapter7_2,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"What is the xor problem?
",The xor problem is a problem in which two inputs cannot be separated by a linear function.,1370
102,307,slp_chapter9_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What do we use the weights as?
",We use the weights as the embeddings.,307
103,1592,chapter7_5,midterm_1,GPT3,Fewshot,"
","
",1592
104,5517,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Who warned that “the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire” (page 33)?,Norbert Wiener,5517
105,1649,chapter12_1,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is decision theory?
",Decision theory is the combination of probability theory and utility theory.,1649
106,6014,chapter_1_1_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the goal of ai research?
",The goal of ai research is to create computers that can think.,6014
107,2665,slp_chapter6_1,midterm_2,T5,GoodSummary,What is a set of words which cover a particular semantic domain and bear structured relations with each other?,A semantic field,2665
108,5534,chapter_2_2,1st midterm,T5,From raw text,Who will copies of a piece of software belong to?,different users,5534
109,945,slp_chapter5_1,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the difference between a generative model and a discriminative model?
","The difference between a generative model and a discriminative model is that a generative model generates data, and a discriminative model discriminates between different data.",945
110,1836,slp_chapter7_5,midterm_2,GPT3,Fewshot,"What is forward inference?
","Forward inference, or decoding, is the task of running a forward pass on the network to produce a probability distribution over possible outputs, in this case next words.",1836
111,3221,chapter3_5,midterm_1,T5,Zero,Which algorithms use too little memory?,IDA and RBFS,3221
112,2731,chapter2_1,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What does robo vacuum's agent function do?,it doesnt care about anything else,2731
113,3047,slp_chapter7_2,midterm_2,T5,BadSummary,What is a simple neural unit - has binary output - does not have a non-linear activation function?,perceptron,3047
114,6016,chapter_1_1_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the cognitive modeling approach to making a program think like a human?
","The cognitive modeling approach to making a program think like a human involves learning about human thought through introspection, psychological experiments, and brain imaging.",6016
115,976,slp_chapter9_3,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"How do you get dense vectors?
",Train a classifier!,976
116,581,chapter13_3,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is the worst case space complexity?
",O(n).,581
117,5134,chapter_2_4_1,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is a goal-based agent?
","A goal-based agent is an agent program that takes the current percept as input and returns an action to the actuators, where the action depends on both the current percept and a goal or subgoal.",5134
118,1974,chapter3_4,midterm_1,T5,GoodSummary,What does backtracking search use?,$O(m)$ memory,1974
119,5091,chapter_27_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"Do you agree with the philosophers who claim that a machine that acts intelligently would not be actually thinking, but would be only a simulation of thinking?
","No, i do not agree with the philosophers who claim that a machine that acts intelligently would not be actually thinking, but would be only a simulation of thinking.",5091
120,6195,chapter_3_4_5,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"What is the purpose of bidirectional search?
",The purpose of bidirectional search is to speed up the search process.,6195
121,836,chapter22_4,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is utility function approximation?
",Utility function approximation is the process of constructing a compact approximation of the true utility function or q-function.,836
122,6063,chapter_27_2_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From GPT-3 generated summary,"How are the issues of consciousness in machines and animal consciousness similar?
",Both issues concern whether or not a non-human entity is conscious.,6063
123,5221,chapter_3_4_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"3.4.what is uniform-cost search?
",3.4.uniform-cost search is best-first search where the evaluation function is the cost of the path from the root to the current node.,5221
124,530,chapter12_4,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is a decomposition?
",A decomposition is when you break a large distribution table into smaller distribution tables.,530
125,1202,chapter12_3,midterm_2,GPT3,Zero,"Questions what is the difference between marginalization and conditioning?
","

marginalization is a marginalization rule for any sets of variables y and z: p(y) = ∑_s p(y,z=z).

conditioning is a conditioning rule for any variable x and evidence variables e: p(x) = ∑_e p(x,e).

what is the general inference procedure for a single variable x, a list of evidence variables e, a list of observed values for them e, and remaining unobserved variables y?
",1202
126,3328,chapter7_4,midterm_1,T5,Zero,"When constructing a knowledge base, what should you do first?",focus on immutable aspects,3328
127,3797,chapter3_1,midterm_1,T5,Fewshot,"If the model is incorrect or the environment is nondeterministic, what approach is needed?",closed-loop,3797
128,198,chapter19_6,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is a linear decision boundary?
",A linear decision boundary is called a linear separator and data that admit such a separator are called linearly separable.,198
129,2840,chapter6_1,midterm_1,T5,BadSummary,What does function AC-3(csp) return if an inconsistency is found?,false,2840
130,120,chapter12_5,midterm_2,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What is the general case of applying bayes' rule?
",The general case of applying bayes' rule is when there is not a cause effect relationship between the query variable and the event.,120
131,710,slp_chapter6_8,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is skip-gram with negative sampling, sgns?
",Sgns is one of two algorithms in word2vec - static embeddings. (compared to dynamic contextual embeddings like the popular family of bert representations).,710
132,389,chapter3_3,midterm_1,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What is best-first search?
",Best-first search is an algorithm that expands the node with minimum value of some evaluation function.,389
133,4603,chapter17_2,midterm_2,T5,Best Condition - with Davinci,What is the Q function defined as?,expected outcome of the actions,4603
134,3300,chapter6_3,midterm_1,T5,Zero,"What chooses the next variable to examine based on the variable with the fewest ""legal"" values remaining?",The MRV heuristic,3300
135,5106,chapter_2,1st midterm,GPT3,From raw text,"What is the nature of environments?
",The nature of environments is that they are diverse.,5106
136,3438,SLP_chapter3_3,midterm_2,T5,Zero,"According to a language model, what is the probability of a sentence?",likelihood,3438
137,47,chapter7_4,midterm_1,GPT3,Best Condition - with Davinci,"What are the rules expressed in truth tables that specify values of complex sentences?
",The rules expressed in truth tables that specify values of complex sentences are just the inference rules.,47
138,523,chapter12_2,midterm_2,GPT3,GoodSummary,"What are events?
",A set of all worlds in the sample space that satisfy an assertion.,523
139,906,slp_chapter4_2,midterm_2,GPT3,BadSummary,"What is the optimal solution for a parametric model?

",The optimal solution for a parametric model is the map.,906
