Great Northern War
Date | 22 February 1700 – 10 September 1721 (21 years, 6 months and 19 days, N.S.)
Location | Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe
Result | Coalition victory: The Tsardom of Russia establishes itself as a new power in Europe. Decline of the Swedish Empire and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Territorial changes | Treaty of Nystad: Russia gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonia and Ingria as well as parts of Kexholm and Viborg. Treaties of Stockholm: Prussia gains parts of Swedish Pomerania; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. Treaty of Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its part of the Duchy of Schleswig to Denmark. Treaty of the Pruth: Azov and area is ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Russia demolishes strategic castles such as Taganrog. Charles XII of Sweden gets safe passage from Turkey to Sweden in 1711.
Belligerents
Commanders and leaders
Strength
Casualties and losses
About 200,000 Swedes:25,000 killed in combat, 175,000 killed by famine, disease and exhaustion | Unknown. 110,000-315,000 Russians killed, wounded and captured 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons and 8,000 Danes killed in the larger battles 60,000 Danes dead in total between 1709–1719

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