Laura Balzano

Laura Balzano January 4, 2024

## Research presentations at CPAL 2024

At the inaugural Conference on Parsimony and Learning (CPAL), my group is presenting three works that have come out of a recent exciting collaboration with UM Prof Qing Qu and other colleagues on low-rank learning in deep networks. Prof Qu’s prior work studying neural collapse in deep networks has opened many exciting directions for us to pursue! All three works study deep linear networks (DLNs), i.e. deep matrix factorization. In this setting (which is simplified from deep neural networks that have nonlinear activations), we can prove several interesting fundamental facts about the way DLNs learn from data when trained with gradient descent. Congratulations SPADA members Soo Min Kwon, Can Yaras, and Peng Wang (all co-advised by Prof Qu) for these publications!

Yaras, C., Wang, P., Hu, W., Zhu, Z., Balzano, L., & Qu, Q. (2023, December 1). Invariant Low-Dimensional Subspaces in Gradient Descent for Learning Deep Linear Networks. Conference on Parsimony and Learning (Recent Spotlight Track). https://openreview.net/forum?id=oSzCKf1I5N

Wang, P., Li, X., Yaras, C., Zhu, Z., Balzano, L., Hu, W., & Qu, Q. (2023, December 1). Understanding Hierarchical Representations in Deep Networks via Feature Compression and Discrimination. Conference on Parsimony and Learning (Recent Spotlight Track). https://openreview.net/forum?id=Ovuu8LpGZu

Kwon, S. M., Zhang, Z., Song, D., Balzano, L., & Qu, Q. (2023, December 1). Efficient Low-Dimensional Compression of Overparameterized Networks. Conference on Parsimony and Learning (Recent Spotlight Track). https://openreview.net/forum?id=1AVb9oEdK7

Filed Under: News, SPADA
Laura Balzano September 20, 2023

## Congratulations Dr. Gilman and Dr. Du!

Last fall and winter, SPADA PhD students Kyle Gilman and Zhe Du graduated. Kyle’s thesis was titled “Scalable Algorithms Using Optimization on Orthogonal Matrix Manifolds,” and he continues to make fundamental contributions to interesting modern optimization problems. He is currently an Applied AI/ML Senior Associate at JPMorgan Chase. Zhe’s thesis was titled “Learning, Control, and Reduction for Markov Jump Systems,” with lots of interesting work at the intersection of machine learning and control. He is currently a Postdoctoral researcher working with Samet Oymak and Fabio Pasqualetti. I am excited to follow their work into the future as they make an impact in optimization, machine learning, and control!

Filed Under: News, SPADA
Laura Balzano June 16, 2022

## K-Subspaces Algorithm Results at ICML

I’m excited that our results for the K-Subspaces algorithm were accepted to ICML. My postdoc Peng Wang will be presenting his excellent work; you may read the paper here or attend his session if you are interested. K-Subspaces (KSS) is a natural generalization of K-Means to higher dimensional centers, originally proposed by Bradley and Mangasarian in 2000. Peng not only showed that KSS converges locally, but that a simple spectral initialization guarantees a close-enough initialization in the case of data drawn randomly from arbitrary subspaces. This makes a giant step in a line of questioning that has been open for more than 20 years. Great work Peng!

Filed Under: News, SPADA
Laura Balzano August 25, 2021

## HePPCAT in TSP

Our work on heteroscedastic PCA continues with our article “HePPCAT: Probabilistic PCA for Data with Heteroscedastic Noise,” published in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. In this paper we developed novel ascent algorithms to maximize the heteroscedastic PCA likelihood, simultaneously estimating the principal components and the heteroscedastic noise variances. We show a compelling application to air quality data, where it is common to have data both from sensors that are high-quality EPA instruments and others that are consumer grade. Code for the paper experiments is available at https://gitlab.com/heppcat-group, and the HePPCAT method is available as a registered Julia package. Congratulations to my student Kyle Gilman, former student David Hong, and colleague Jeff Fessler.

Filed Under: Code, News, SPADA
Laura Balzano March 8, 2021

## Congratulations Dr. Bower!

Last fall, my PhD student Amanda Bower defended her thesis titled “Dealing with Intransitivity, Non-Convexity, and Algorithmic Bias in Preference Learning.” Amanda was in the Applied Interdisciplinary Math program, co-advised by Martin Strauss. She will now be moving on to work with Twitter’s ML Ethics, Transparency, and Accountability (META) group. We are so proud that she is going to go make her mark on the world. Congratulations Dr. Bower!

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Filed Under: News, SPADA
Laura Balzano July 8, 2020

## Preference Learning with Salient Features

I am excited that Amanda Bower will have the opportunity to discuss our new work in preference learning, “Preference Modeling with Context-Dependent Salient Features“, at ICML next week. In this work, we propose a new model for preference learning that takes into account the fact that when making pairwise comparisons, certain features may play an outside role in the comparison, making the pairwise comparison result inconsistent with a general preference order. We look forward to hearing people’s questions and feedback! Update post-conference: Her presentation can be viewed here.

Filed Under: News, SPADA
Laura Balzano May 13, 2020

## Online Tensor Completion and Tracking

Kyle Gilman and I have a preprint out describing a new algorithm for online tensor completion and tracking. We derive and demonstrate an algorithm that operates on streaming tensor data, such as hyperspectral video collected over time, or chemo-sensing experiments in space and time. Kyle presented his work at the first fully virtual ICASSP, which you can view here. Anyone can register for free to this year’s virtual ICASSP and watch the videos, post questions, and join the discussion. Kyle’s code is also available here. We think this algorithm will have a major impact in speeding up low-rank tensor processing, especially with time-varying data, and we welcome questions and feedback.
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Filed Under: Code, News, SPADA
Laura Balzano May 7, 2019

## Congratulations Dejiao and David!

SPADA lab is so proud of Dr. Dejiao Zhang and Dr. David Hong. They both successfully defended their PhD dissertations this spring. Dejiao is going to Amazon Web Services next, and David is going to a postdoc at the University of Pennsylvania. We expect you both to go off and do great things! Congratulations!

Filed Under: News, SPADA
Laura Balzano March 12, 2019

## NSF CAREER Award

I am honored to have received the NSF CAREER award for a proposal on optimization methods and theory for the joint formulation of dimension reduction and clustering. You can read about the award here in the UM press release and also here on the NSF website. Dimension reduction and clustering are arguably the two most critical problems in unsupervised machine learning; they are used universally for data exploration and understanding. Often dimension reduction is used before clustering (or vice versa) to lend tractability to the modeling algorithm. It’s more typical in real data to see clusters each with their own low-dimensional structure, and so a joint formulation is of great interest. I look forward to working toward this end in the next stage of my career.

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Filed Under: News, SPADA
Laura Balzano December 21, 2018

## Army Young Investigator

I am very excited that my project “Mathematics for Learning Nonlinear Generalizations of Subspace Models in High Dimensions” has won the Army Young Investigator award! Subspace models are widely used due to simplicity and ease of analysis. However, while these linear models are very powerful in many high-dimensional data contexts, they also often miss out on important nonlinearities in real data. This project aims to extend recent advances in signal processing to the single-index model and the nonlinear variety model. Read the department’s announcement here.

Filed Under: News, SPADA