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# Bruce Lobaugh

Professor Emeritus of Pathology
Pathology
bruce.lobaugh@duke.edu
Duke Box 3208, Durham, NC 27710
1599 Hudson Building, Durham, NC 27705
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## Selected Publications

### Early experience with universal preprocedural testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a relatively low-prevalence area.

Journal Article Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · March 2021 We implemented universal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing of patients undergoing surgical procedures as a means to conserve personal protective equipment (PPE). The rate of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

### Predictors of variation in serum IGF1 and IGFBP3 levels in healthy African American and white men.

Journal Article J Natl Med Assoc · July 2009 BACKGROUND: Individual variation in circulating insulinlike growth factor-1 (IGF1) and its major binding protein, insulinlike growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3), have been etiologically linked to several chronic diseases, including some cancers. Fact ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Severe hypocalcemia following bisphosphonate treatment in a patient with Paget's disease of bone.

Journal Article Bone · October 2006 Bisphosphonate therapy is a common and effective treatment for Paget's disease of bone, osteoporosis, hypercalcemia of malignancy and cancer metastatic to bone. Clinically significant hypocalcemia has not been reported in patients with Paget's disease of b ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Prediagnostic serum vitamin D and breast cancer.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · March 18, 1998 Full text Link to item Cite

### Combination insulin and sulfonylurea therapy in insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Journal Article Diabetes Res Clin Pract · March 1998 PURPOSE: To determine the effect(s) on glucose control, insulin dose, and circulating insulin levels of the addition of a sulfonylurea (glipizide) to the treatment regimen of patients with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: T ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Vitamin D receptor alleles do not correlate with bone mineral density in premenopausal Caucasian women from the southeastern United States.

Journal Article Metabolism · February 1997 Genetic factors are important in determining peak bone density. Recent studies indicate that polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) may account for much of the genetic contribution to bone density, and VDR genotype may be useful to predict the risk ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Serum androgens: associations with prostate cancer risk and hair patterning.

Journal Article J Androl · 1997 Cancer of the prostate is the leading cancer among American men, yet few risk factors have been established. Hair growth and development are influenced by androgens, and it has long been suspected that prostate cancer also is responsive to these hormones. ... Link to item Cite

### Prospective trial of pulse oral versus intravenous calcitriol treatment of hyperparathyroidism in ESRD.

Journal Article Kidney Int · June 1994 To examine the most effective route (intravenous vs. "pulse" oral), dose (physiologic vs. pharmacologic) and long-term efficacy of calcitriol therapy for secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), we randomized 19 hemodi ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Improved assessment of lumbar vertebral body strength using supine lateral dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

Journal Article J Bone Miner Res · May 1994 Clinical and biomechanical investigations indicate that assessment of vertebral body bone mineral density (BMD) by anteroposterior dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a useful index of vertebral body strength and fracture risk in osteoporosis. Howeve ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Effects of ocular carteolol and timolol on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · November 15, 1993 Fifty-eight healthy, normolipidemic adult men participated in a prospective, masked, randomized crossover study designed to compare the effects of two topical nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonists, carteolol and timolol, on plasma high-density lipoprote ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Parathyroidectomy abolishes the increase of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase in lactating rats.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · June 1993 Serum ionized calcium (Ca), but not inorganic phosphorus or immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, negatively correlates with renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-hydroxylase) and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in intact lactating rats. The p ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Effects of calcitriol and phosphorus therapy on the growth of patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · April 1993 Patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets exhibit clinically evident derangements that include bowed legs and short stature. Although contemporary treatment may result in healing of the rachitic/osteomalacic disorder and straightening of the lower ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Vitamin D and prostate cancer: a prediagnostic study with stored sera.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · 1993 This study evaluates the risk of prostate cancer in relation to serum levels of the major vitamin D metabolites, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-D). Between 1964 and 1971, more than 250,000 serum samples were collected from me ... Link to item Cite

### Parathyroidectomy abolishes the increase of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D- 1α-hydroxylase in lactating rats

Journal Article American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism · January 1, 1993 Serum ionized calcium (Ca), but not inorganic phosphorus or immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, negatively correlates with renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D- 1α-hydroxylase (1α-hydroxylase) and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in intact lactating rats. The present st ... Cite

### Normal calcitonin stimulation of serum calcitriol in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · August 1992 Patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) have normal or low calcitriol concentrations despite manifesting hypophosphatemia, a known stimulus of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity. In accord, administration of pharmacological dose ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Intact parathyroid hormone overestimates the presence and severity of parathyroid-mediated osseous abnormalities in uremia.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · July 1992 To examine the possibility that uremia alters the relationship between bioactive PTH serum concentrations and its osseous end-organ response, we evaluated the relationship between circulating intact PTH and bone turnover in 39 end-stage renal disease patie ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Intensity of lactation modulates renal 1 alpha-hydroxylase and serum 1,25(OH)2D in rats.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · June 1992 Renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-hydroxylase) activity and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] concentration were measured in lactating rats suckling litters of 3, 6, or 12 pups to determine the effect of increasing lactational ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Intensity of lactation modulates renal 1α-hydroxylase and serum 1,25(OH)2D in rats

Journal Article American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism · January 1, 1992 Renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase (1α-hydroxylase) activity and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] concentration were measured in lactating rats suckling litters of 3, 6, or 12 pups to determine the effect of increasing lactational intensity ... Cite

### Uremic tumoral calcinosis: preliminary observations suggesting an association with aberrant vitamin D homeostasis.

Journal Article Am J Kidney Dis · December 1991 Periarticular tumoral calcification is a unique form of soft tissue calcification that occurs infrequently in patients with end-stage renal disease. The mechanism underlying such massive periarticular calcifications is unknown. The radiographic similarity ... Full text Link to item Cite

### The response of parathyroid hormone to specific changes in either ionized calcium, ionized magnesium, or protein-bound calcium in humans.

Journal Article Metabolism · August 1991 Because the effects of specific changes in magnesium or protein-bound calcium on biologic processes in humans have not been clearly defined, we developed an experimental system to specifically lower either ionized calcium, protein-bound calcium, or ionized ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Early experience with universal preprocedural testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a relatively low-prevalence area.

Journal Article Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · March 2021 We implemented universal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing of patients undergoing surgical procedures as a means to conserve personal protective equipment (PPE). The rate of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

### Predictors of variation in serum IGF1 and IGFBP3 levels in healthy African American and white men.

Journal Article J Natl Med Assoc · July 2009 BACKGROUND: Individual variation in circulating insulinlike growth factor-1 (IGF1) and its major binding protein, insulinlike growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3), have been etiologically linked to several chronic diseases, including some cancers. Fact ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Severe hypocalcemia following bisphosphonate treatment in a patient with Paget's disease of bone.

Journal Article Bone · October 2006 Bisphosphonate therapy is a common and effective treatment for Paget's disease of bone, osteoporosis, hypercalcemia of malignancy and cancer metastatic to bone. Clinically significant hypocalcemia has not been reported in patients with Paget's disease of b ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Prediagnostic serum vitamin D and breast cancer.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · March 18, 1998 Full text Link to item Cite

### Combination insulin and sulfonylurea therapy in insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Journal Article Diabetes Res Clin Pract · March 1998 PURPOSE: To determine the effect(s) on glucose control, insulin dose, and circulating insulin levels of the addition of a sulfonylurea (glipizide) to the treatment regimen of patients with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: T ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Vitamin D receptor alleles do not correlate with bone mineral density in premenopausal Caucasian women from the southeastern United States.

Journal Article Metabolism · February 1997 Genetic factors are important in determining peak bone density. Recent studies indicate that polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) may account for much of the genetic contribution to bone density, and VDR genotype may be useful to predict the risk ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Serum androgens: associations with prostate cancer risk and hair patterning.

Journal Article J Androl · 1997 Cancer of the prostate is the leading cancer among American men, yet few risk factors have been established. Hair growth and development are influenced by androgens, and it has long been suspected that prostate cancer also is responsive to these hormones. ... Link to item Cite

### Prospective trial of pulse oral versus intravenous calcitriol treatment of hyperparathyroidism in ESRD.

Journal Article Kidney Int · June 1994 To examine the most effective route (intravenous vs. "pulse" oral), dose (physiologic vs. pharmacologic) and long-term efficacy of calcitriol therapy for secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), we randomized 19 hemodi ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Improved assessment of lumbar vertebral body strength using supine lateral dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

Journal Article J Bone Miner Res · May 1994 Clinical and biomechanical investigations indicate that assessment of vertebral body bone mineral density (BMD) by anteroposterior dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a useful index of vertebral body strength and fracture risk in osteoporosis. Howeve ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Effects of ocular carteolol and timolol on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · November 15, 1993 Fifty-eight healthy, normolipidemic adult men participated in a prospective, masked, randomized crossover study designed to compare the effects of two topical nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonists, carteolol and timolol, on plasma high-density lipoprote ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Parathyroidectomy abolishes the increase of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase in lactating rats.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · June 1993 Serum ionized calcium (Ca), but not inorganic phosphorus or immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, negatively correlates with renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-hydroxylase) and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in intact lactating rats. The p ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Effects of calcitriol and phosphorus therapy on the growth of patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · April 1993 Patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets exhibit clinically evident derangements that include bowed legs and short stature. Although contemporary treatment may result in healing of the rachitic/osteomalacic disorder and straightening of the lower ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Vitamin D and prostate cancer: a prediagnostic study with stored sera.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · 1993 This study evaluates the risk of prostate cancer in relation to serum levels of the major vitamin D metabolites, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-D). Between 1964 and 1971, more than 250,000 serum samples were collected from me ... Link to item Cite

### Parathyroidectomy abolishes the increase of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D- 1α-hydroxylase in lactating rats

Journal Article American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism · January 1, 1993 Serum ionized calcium (Ca), but not inorganic phosphorus or immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, negatively correlates with renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D- 1α-hydroxylase (1α-hydroxylase) and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in intact lactating rats. The present st ... Cite

### Normal calcitonin stimulation of serum calcitriol in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · August 1992 Patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) have normal or low calcitriol concentrations despite manifesting hypophosphatemia, a known stimulus of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity. In accord, administration of pharmacological dose ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Intact parathyroid hormone overestimates the presence and severity of parathyroid-mediated osseous abnormalities in uremia.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · July 1992 To examine the possibility that uremia alters the relationship between bioactive PTH serum concentrations and its osseous end-organ response, we evaluated the relationship between circulating intact PTH and bone turnover in 39 end-stage renal disease patie ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Intensity of lactation modulates renal 1 alpha-hydroxylase and serum 1,25(OH)2D in rats.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · June 1992 Renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-hydroxylase) activity and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] concentration were measured in lactating rats suckling litters of 3, 6, or 12 pups to determine the effect of increasing lactational ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Intensity of lactation modulates renal 1α-hydroxylase and serum 1,25(OH)2D in rats

Journal Article American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism · January 1, 1992 Renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase (1α-hydroxylase) activity and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] concentration were measured in lactating rats suckling litters of 3, 6, or 12 pups to determine the effect of increasing lactational intensity ... Cite

### Uremic tumoral calcinosis: preliminary observations suggesting an association with aberrant vitamin D homeostasis.

Journal Article Am J Kidney Dis · December 1991 Periarticular tumoral calcification is a unique form of soft tissue calcification that occurs infrequently in patients with end-stage renal disease. The mechanism underlying such massive periarticular calcifications is unknown. The radiographic similarity ... Full text Link to item Cite

### The response of parathyroid hormone to specific changes in either ionized calcium, ionized magnesium, or protein-bound calcium in humans.

Journal Article Metabolism · August 1991 Because the effects of specific changes in magnesium or protein-bound calcium on biologic processes in humans have not been clearly defined, we developed an experimental system to specifically lower either ionized calcium, protein-bound calcium, or ionized ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Parathyroid hormone secretion and target organ response in experimental acute pancreatitis.

Journal Article Arch Surg · February 1991 To determine changes in parathyroid hormone secretion and target organ response caused by acute pancreatitis before the development of systemic toxic conditions, experimental acute pancreatitis was induced in rats with a choline-deficient, ethionine-supple ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Function in athymic nude mice of parathyroid heterografts from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Journal Article Surgery · December 1990 Heterotransplantation of adenomatous parathyroid glandular tissue from humans with primary hyperparathyroidism into athymic nude mice creates a unique animal model of this disease. The mice manifest high concentrations of both midregion/C-terminal human pa ... Link to item Cite

### Regulation of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in lactating rats.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · November 1990 To characterize further the mechanism(s) underlying the increased serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] concentration associated with lactation in the rat, we examined hormone biosynthesis [i.e., renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alph ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Calcium supplementation lowers serum parathyroid hormone levels in elderly subjects.

Journal Article J Gerontol · September 1990 To determine the effect of calcium supplementation on parathyroid hormone levels (PTH) in a group of elderly subjects at risk for developing Type II (senile) osteoporosis, 40 healthy volunteers participated in a randomized double-blind crossover study. Cal ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Circadian rhythms for calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone in primary hyperparathyroidism: functional and practical considerations.

Journal Article Surgery · December 1989 We obtained serial serum and urine samples from 14 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism both before and 3 to 9 months after excision of their parathyroid adenomas to (1) determine whether the circadian rhythms for calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid ... Link to item Cite

### Primary hyperparathyroidism: a new experimental animal model.

Journal Article Surgery · December 1989 Although potentially useful in the understanding of hypercalcemic states, a satisfactory animal model of primary hyperparathyroidism has not been developed. Models that use transplants of supernumerary parathyroid (PT) glands or chronic parathyroid hormone ... Link to item Cite

### Equivalency of various methods for estimating osteoid seam width.

Journal Article J Bone Miner Res · October 1989 We compared the true osteoid seam width (TOSW) as measured by a modification of the orthogonal intercept lengths with various methods of estimating seam widths, including (1) the commonly used length measurements at four equidistant points (O.Wi/4PT), (2) ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Regulation of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1-hydroxylase activity in the mouse after uninephrectomy.

Journal Article Endocrinology · May 1989 Although renal hypertrophy occurs rapidly after uninephrectomy, restoring the majority of renal excretory function, it remains unknown whether similar compensatory mechanisms maintain 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production (and calcium homeostasis). To address ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Oral calcitriol and calcium: efficient therapy for uremic hyperparathyroidism.

Journal Article Kidney Int · December 1988 Therapy with orally administered calcitriol often does not adequately control the biochemical manifestations of secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremic patients. This may be due to inadequate serum concentrations of 1.25(OH)2 vitamin D and/or to insufficie ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Correlations of serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone in tumoral calcinosis.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · July 1988 The inherited metabolic disorder tumoral calcinosis is characterized by elevated serum phosphorus and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] levels and paraarticular calcific tumors. The pathogenesis of this disease is obscure, but an elevated renal phospha ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Primary hyperparathyroidism in dogs.

Journal Article J Am Vet Med Assoc · October 15, 1987 Link to item Cite

### Calcitonin stimulation of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in hypophosphatemic mice. Evidence that the regulation of calcitriol production is not universally abnormal in X-linked hypophosphatemia.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · January 1987 Hypophosphatemia (Hyp) mice have defective regulation of 25(OH)D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in response to hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration. However, recent observations support the existence of anatomically di ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Does parathormone stimulate gastrin secretion? A study of hormonal interrelationships

Journal Article Surgical Forum · January 1, 1987 Cite

### Abnormal parathyroid hormone stimulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in the hypophosphatemic mouse. Evidence for a generalized defect of vitamin D metabolism.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · January 1986 Abnormal regulation of vitamin D metabolism is a feature of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets in man and of the murine homologue of the disease in the hypophosphatemic (Hyp)-mouse. We previously reported that mutant mice have abnormally low renal 25-hydrox ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha-hydroxylase activity in mammalian kidney.

Journal Article Methods Enzymol · 1986 Full text Link to item Cite

### Abnormal parathyroid function in the X-linked hypophosphatemic mouse.

Journal Article Calcif Tissue Int · July 1985 Employing a cytochemical bioassay, we compared parathyroid function in normal and X-linked hypophosphatemic (Hyp) mice. Under basal conditions Hyp mice manifested hypocalcemia and, in accord, had a plasma bioactive parathyroid hormone concentration (3.04 + ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Blood pressure of chickens selected for leanness or obesity.

Journal Article Poult Sci · May 1983 Four lines of chickens selected for divergence in body weight followed by selection for obesity or leanness within each body weight line were used as a genetic model to determine the relationship of blood pressure and obesity. Forty females, 10 of each lin ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in mammalian kidney.

Journal Article Anal Biochem · March 1983 Until recently measurement of 25-OH-D3-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in mammalian kidney has not been possible due to the presence of a protein which inhibits the enzyme by reducing available substrate. However, utilization of sufficient unlabeled 25-OH-D3 ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Abnormal regulation of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in the X-linked hypophosphatemic mouse.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · February 1983 Abnormal vitamin D metabolism has been suspected in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) and X-linked hypophosphatemic mice (Hyp-mice), the murine homologue of the human disease. We compared 25(OH)D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in the Hyp- ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Regulation of calcium appetite in broiler chickens.

Journal Article J Nutr · February 1981 The regulation of the appetite for calcium was studied in broiler chickens which had been trained to meet their calcium requirement by consuming a calcium supplement (10% Ca) provided separately from a calcium-deficient feed (0.12% Ca). Calcium supplement ... Full text Link to item Cite

### Inhibition of the specific appetite for calcium by addition of calcium to the blood which perfuses the head

Journal Article Federation Proceedings · January 1, 1978 Cite