Breast cancer
SpecialtyOncology
SymptomsLump in a breast, change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, fluid coming from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, red scaly patch of skin
Risk factorsFemale, obesity, lack of exercise, alcohol, hormone replacement therapy during menopause, ionizing radiation, early age at first menstruation, having children late or not at all, older age, prior breast cancer, family history, Klinefelter syndrome
Diagnostic methodTissue biopsy
TreatmentSurgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy
PrognosisFive-year survival rate ≈85% (US, UK)
Frequency2.1 million affected as of 2015
Deaths627,000 (2018)