Too Polite to Disagree: Understanding Sycophancy Propagation in Multi-Agent Systems
Vira Kasprova, Amruta Parulekar, Abdulrahman AlRabah, Krishna Agaram, Ritwik Garg, Sagar Jha, Nimet Beyza Bozdag, Dilek Hakkani-Tur
Abstract
Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit sycophancy: agreement with user stance even when it conflicts with the model’s opinion. While prior work has mostly studied this in single-agent settings, it remains underexplored in collaborative multi-agent systems. We ask whether awareness of other agents’ sycophancy levels influences discussion outcomes. To investigate this, we run controlled experiments with six open-source LLMs, providing agents with peer sycophancy rankings that estimate each peer’s tendency toward sycophancy. These rankings are based on scores calculated using various static (pre-discussion) and dynamic (online) strategies. We find that providing sycophancy priors reduces the influence of sycophancy-prone peers, mitigates error-cascades, and improves final discussion accuracy by an absolute 10.5%. Thus, this is a lightweight and efficient way to reduce model sycophancy during discussions and subsequently improve downstream accuracy.- Anthology ID:
- 2026.sigdial-1.56
- Volume:
- Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue
- Month:
- August
- Year:
- 2026
- Address:
- Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Editors:
- Jinho D. Choi, Yun-Nung Chen, Kotaro Funakoshi, Ali Emami
- Venue:
- SIGDIAL
- SIG:
- SIGDIAL
- Publisher:
- Association for Computational Linguistics
- Note:
- Pages:
- 795–814
- Language:
- URL:
- https://preview.aclanthology.org/paragraph-normalization/2026.sigdial-1.56/
- DOI:
- Cite (ACL):
- Vira Kasprova, Amruta Parulekar, Abdulrahman AlRabah, Krishna Agaram, Ritwik Garg, Sagar Jha, Nimet Beyza Bozdag, and Dilek Hakkani-Tur. 2026. Too Polite to Disagree: Understanding Sycophancy Propagation in Multi-Agent Systems. In Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue, pages 795–814, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Association for Computational Linguistics.
- Cite (Informal):
- Too Polite to Disagree: Understanding Sycophancy Propagation in Multi-Agent Systems (Kasprova et al., SIGDIAL 2026)
- PDF:
- https://preview.aclanthology.org/paragraph-normalization/2026.sigdial-1.56.pdf