Simple and Effective Curriculum Pointer-Generator Networks for Reading Comprehension over Long Narratives

Yi Tay, Shuohang Wang, Anh Tuan Luu, Jie Fu, Minh C. Phan, Xingdi Yuan, Jinfeng Rao, Siu Cheung Hui, Aston Zhang


Abstract
This paper tackles the problem of reading comprehension over long narratives where documents easily span over thousands of tokens. We propose a curriculum learning (CL) based Pointer-Generator framework for reading/sampling over large documents, enabling diverse training of the neural model based on the notion of alternating contextual difficulty. This can be interpreted as a form of domain randomization and/or generative pretraining during training. To this end, the usage of the Pointer-Generator softens the requirement of having the answer within the context, enabling us to construct diverse training samples for learning. Additionally, we propose a new Introspective Alignment Layer (IAL), which reasons over decomposed alignments using block-based self-attention. We evaluate our proposed method on the NarrativeQA reading comprehension benchmark, achieving state-of-the-art performance, improving existing baselines by 51% relative improvement on BLEU-4 and 17% relative improvement on Rouge-L. Extensive ablations confirm the effectiveness of our proposed IAL and CL components.
Anthology ID:
P19-1486
Volume:
Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics
Month:
July
Year:
2019
Address:
Florence, Italy
Editors:
Anna Korhonen, David Traum, Lluís Màrquez
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
4922–4931
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/P19-1486
DOI:
10.18653/v1/P19-1486
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Yi Tay, Shuohang Wang, Anh Tuan Luu, Jie Fu, Minh C. Phan, Xingdi Yuan, Jinfeng Rao, Siu Cheung Hui, and Aston Zhang. 2019. Simple and Effective Curriculum Pointer-Generator Networks for Reading Comprehension over Long Narratives. In Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 4922–4931, Florence, Italy. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Simple and Effective Curriculum Pointer-Generator Networks for Reading Comprehension over Long Narratives (Tay et al., ACL 2019)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/nschneid-patch-5/P19-1486.pdf
Video:
 https://preview.aclanthology.org/nschneid-patch-5/P19-1486.mp4
Data
NarrativeQA