Explaining Interactions Between Text Spans

Sagnik Ray Choudhury, Pepa Atanasova, Isabelle Augenstein


Abstract
Reasoning over spans of tokens from different parts of the input is essential for natural language understanding (NLU) tasks such as fact-checking (FC), machine reading comprehension (MRC) or natural language inference (NLI). However, existing highlight-based explanations primarily focus on identifying individual important features or interactions only between adjacent tokens or tuples of tokens. Most notably, there is a lack of annotations capturing the human decision-making process with respect to the necessary interactions for informed decision-making in such tasks. To bridge this gap, we introduce SpanEx, a multi-annotator dataset of human span interaction explanations for two NLU tasks: NLI and FC. We then investigate the decision-making processes of multiple fine-tuned large language models in terms of the employed connections between spans in separate parts of the input and compare them to the human reasoning processes. Finally, we present a novel community detection based unsupervised method to extract such interaction explanations. We make the code and the dataset available on [Github](https://github.com/copenlu/spanex). The dataset is also available on [Huggingface datasets](https://huggingface.co/datasets/copenlu/spanex).
Anthology ID:
2023.emnlp-main.783
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
December
Year:
2023
Address:
Singapore
Editors:
Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, Kalika Bali
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
12709–12730
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.783
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.emnlp-main.783
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Sagnik Ray Choudhury, Pepa Atanasova, and Isabelle Augenstein. 2023. Explaining Interactions Between Text Spans. In Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 12709–12730, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Explaining Interactions Between Text Spans (Ray Choudhury et al., EMNLP 2023)
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