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Speech and Natural Language: Proceedings of a Workshop Held at Harriman, New York, February 23-26, 1992

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Overview of the Fifth DARPA Speech and Natural Language Workshop
Mitchell P. Marcus

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Session I: Evaluating Spoken Language
James F. Allen

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Multi-Site Data Collection for a Spoken Language Corpus
Lynette Hirschman

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DARPA February 1992 ATIS Benchmark Test Results
David S. Pallett | Nancy L. Dahlgren | Jonathan G. Fiscus | William M. Fisher | John S. Garofolo | Brett C. Tjaden

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Experiments in Evaluating Interactive Spoken Language Systems
Joseph Polifroni | Lynette Hirschman | Stephanie Seneff | Victor Zue

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Subject-Based Evaluation Measures for Interactive Spoken Language Systems
Patti Price | Lynette Hirschman | Elizabeth Shriberg | Elizabeth Wade

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Session 2: Spoken Language Systems II
Wayne Ward

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Spontaneous Speech Collection for the ATIS Domain with an Aural User Feedback Paradigm
Christine Pao | Jay Wilpon

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Human-Machine Problem Solving Using Spoken Language Systems (SLS): Factors Affecting Performance and User Satisfaction
Elizabeth Shriberg | Elizabeth Wade | Patti Price

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Spoken Language Processing in the Framework of Human-Machine Communication at LIMSI
J. Mariani

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Experiences Collecting Genuine Spoken Enquiries using WOZ Techniques
Roger Moore | Angela Morris

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Session 3: Spoken Language Systems III
John Makhoul

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Progress Report on the Chronus System: ATIS Benchmark Results
Roberto Pieraccini | Evelyne Tzoukermann | Zakhar Gorelov | Esther Levin | Chin-Hui Lee | Jean-Luc Gauvain

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BBN BYBLOS and HARC February 1992 ATIS Benchmark Results
Francis Kubala | Chris Barry | Madeleine Bates | Robert Bobrow | Pascale Fung | Robert Ingria | John Makhoul | Long Nguyen | Richard Schwartz | David Stallard

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Speech Understanding in Open Tasks
Wayne Ward | Sunil Issar | Xuedong Huang | Hsiao-Wuen Hon | Mei-Yuh Hwang | Sheryl Young | Mike Matessa | Fu-Hua Liu | Richard Stern

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The MIT ATIS System: February 1992 Progress Report
Victor Zue | James Glass | David Goddeau | David Goodine | Lynette Hirschman | Michael Phillips | Joseph Polifroni | Stephanie Seneff

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Recent Improvements and Benchmark Results for Paramax ATIS System
Lewis M. Norton | Deborah A. Dahl | Marcia C. Linebarger

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SRI International Results February 1992 ATIS Benchmark Test
Douglas E. Appelt | Eric Jackson

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Session 4: Statistical Language Modeling
Aravind K. Joshi

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Adaptive Language Modeling Using Minimum Discriminant Estimation
S. Della Pietra | V. Della Pietra | R. L. Mercer | S. Roukos

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Improvements in Stochastic Language Modeling
Ronald Rosenfeld | Xuedong Huang

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A Simple Rule-Based Part of Speech Tagger
Eric Brill

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Decision Tree Models Applied to the Labeling of Text with Parts-of-Speech
Ezra Black | Fred Jelinek | John Lafferty | Robert Mercer | Salim Roukos

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Inside-Outside Reestimation From Partially Bracketed Corpora
Fernando Pereira | Yves Schabes

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Probabilistic Prediction and Picky Chart Parsing
David M. Magerman | Carl Weir

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Towards History-based Grammars: Using Richer Models for Probabilistic Parsing
Ezra Black | Fred Jelinek | John Lafferty | David M. Magerman | Robert Mercer | Salim Roukos

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Stochastic Tree-Adjoining Grammars
Yves Schabes

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Parameter Estimation for Constrained Context-Free Language Models
Kevin Mark | Michael Miller | Ulf Grenander | Steve Abney

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An Analogical Parser for Restricted Domains
Donald Hindle

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Automatically Acquiring Phrase Structure Using Distributional Analysis
Eric Brill | Mitchell Marcus

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Session 5A: Acoustic Modeling
Hy Murveit

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Recent Topics in Speech Recognition Research at NTT Laboratories
Sadaoki Furui | Kiyohiro Shikano | Shoichi Matsunaga | Tatsuo Matsuoka | Satoshi Takahashi | Tomokazu Yamada

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Vocabulary and Environment Adaptation in Vocabulary-Independent Speech Recognition
Hsiao-Wuen Hon | Kai-Fu Lee

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Subphonetic Modeling for Speech Recognition
Mei-Yuh Hwang | Xuedong Huang

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Improving State-of-the-Art Continuous Speech Recognition Systems Using the N-Best Paradigm with Neural Networks
S. Austin | G. Zavaliagkos | J. Makhoul | R. Schwartz

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MAP Estimation of Continuous Density HMM : Theory and Applications
Jean-Luc Gauvain | Chin-Hui Lee

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Minimizing Speaker Variation Effects for Speaker-Independent Speech Recognition
Xuedong Huang

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Recognition Using Classification and Segmentation Scoring
Owen Kimball | Mari Ostendorf | Robin Rohlicek

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Session 5b. Information Retrieval
Donna Harman

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Information Retrieval Using Robust Natural Language Processing
Tomek Strzalkowski

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Feature Selection and Feature Extraction for Text Categorization
David D. Lewis

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Inferencing in Information Retrieval
Alexa T. McCray

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Classifying Texts Using Relevancy Signatures
Ellen Riloff | Wendy Lehnert

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Session 6: Lexicon and Lexical Semantics
Paul S. Jacobs

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One Sense Per Discourse
William A. Gale | Kenneth W. Church | David Yarowsky

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Lexical Disambiguation using Simulated Annealing
Jim Cowie | Joe Guthrie | Louise Guthrie

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The Acquisition of Lexical Semantic Knowledge from Large Corpora
James Pustejovsky

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Session 7: Demonstrations and Videos
Victor W. Zue

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BBN Real-Time Speech Recognition Demonstrations
Steve Austin | Rusty Bobrow | Dan Ellard | Robert Ingria | John Makhoul | Long Nguyen | Pat Peterson | Paul Placeway | Richard Schwartz

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Session 8A: Machine Translation
Jerry R. Hobbs

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Interaction between Structural Changes in Machine Translation
Satoshi Kinoshita | John Phillips | Jun-ichi Tsujii

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Approximating an Interlingua in a Principled Way
Eduard Hovy | Sergei Nirenburg

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Dividing and Conquering Long Sentences in a Translation System
Peter F. Brown | Stephen A. Della Pietra | Vincent J. Della Pietra | Robert L. Mercer | Surya Mohanty

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Session 8B: Robust Speech Processing
Jordan R. Cohen

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Multiple Approaches to Robust Speech Recognition
Richard M. Stern | Fu-Hua Liu | Yoshiaki Ohshima | Thomas M. Sullivan | Alejandro Acero

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Reduced Channel Dependence for Speech Recognition
Hy Murveit | John Butzberger | Mitch Weintraub

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Experimental Results for Baseline Speech Recognition Performance using Input Acquired from a Linear Microphone Array
Harvey F. Silverman | Smart E. Kirtman | John E. Adcock | Paul C. Meuse

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Phonetic Classification on Wide-Band and Telephone Quality Speech
Benjamin Chigier

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Session 9: Natural Language Processings
Kathleen McKeown

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A Relaxation Method for Understanding Speech Utterances
Stephanie Seneff

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Fragment Processing in the DELPHI System
David Stallard | Robert Bobrow

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Syntactic/Semantic Coupling in the BBN DELPHI System
Robert Bobrow | Robert Ingria | David Stallard

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A New Approach to Text Understanding
Ralph Weischedel | Damaris Ayuso | Sean Boisen | Heidi Fox | Robert Ingria

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Neal-Montgomery NLP System Evaluation Methodology
Sharon M. Walter

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Session 10: Large Vocabulary CSR
George R. Doddington

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Rapid Match Training for Large Vocabularies
Larry Gillick | Barbara Peskin | Robert Roth

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An A* algorithm for very large vocabulary continuous speech recognition
P. Kenny | R. Hollan | G. Boulianne | H. Garudadri | M. Lennig | D. O’Shaughnessy

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Spontaneous Speech Effects In Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition Applications
John Butzberger | Hy Murveit | Elizabeth Shriberg | Patti Price

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Speaker-Independent Phone Recognition Using BREF
Jean-Luc Gauvain | Lori F. Lamel

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Session 1Ob: Core NL Lexicon and Grammar
Mark Liberman

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A National Resource Grammar
Jerry R. Hobbs

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Session 11: Continuous Speech Recognition and Evaluation I
Clifford J. Weinstein

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The Design for the Wall Street Journal-based CSR Corpus
Douglas B. Paul | Janet M. Baker

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CSR Corpus Development
George R. Doddington

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Collection and Analyses of WSJ-CSR Data at MIT
Michael Phillips | James Glass | Joseph Polifroni | Victor Zue

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Spontaneous Speech Collection for the CSR Corpus
Jared Bernstein | Denise Danielson

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Session 12: Continuous Speech Recognition and Evaluation II
Clifford J. Weinstein

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DARPA February 1992 Pilot Corpus CSR “Dry Run” Benchmark Test Results
David S. Pallett

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Large Vocabulary Recognition of Wall Street Journal Sentences at Dragon Systems
James Baker | Janet Baker | Paul Bamberg | Kathleen Bishop | Larry Gillick | Vera Helman | Zezhen Huang | Yoshiko Ito | Stephen Lowe | Barbara Peskin | Robert Roth | Francesco Scattone

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Applying SPHINX-II to the DARPA Wall Street Journal CSR Task
F. Alleva | H. Hon | X. Huang | M. Hwang | R. Rosenfeld | R. Weide

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The Lincoln Large-Vocabulary HMM CSR
Douglas B. Paul

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An Efficient A* Stack Decoder Algorithm for Continuous Speech Recognition with a Stochastic Language Model
Douglas B. Paul

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Performance of SRI’s DECIPHER™ Speech Recognition System on DARPA’s CSR Task
Hy Murveit | John Butzberger | Mitch Weintraub

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Session 13: Prosody
Patti Price | Julia Hirschberg

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Automatic Detection and Correction of Repairs in Human-Computer Dialog
Elizabeth Shriberg | John Bear | John Dowding

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Prosodic Structure, Performance Structure and Phrase Structure
Steven Abney

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Probabilistic Parse Scoring Based on Prosodic Phrasing
N. M. Veilleux | M. Ostendorf

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Towards Using Prosody in Speech Recognition/Understanding Systems: Differences Between Read and Spontaneous Speech
Kim E.A. Silverman | Eleonora Blaauw | Judith Spitz | John F. Pitrelli

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Intonational Features of Local and Global Discourse Structure
Julia Hirschberg | Barbara Grosz

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Session 14: Government Panel
Charles L. Wayne

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Language and Speech Meets the HPCC Grand Challenge
Y. T. Chien

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Comparison of Auditory Models for Robust Speech Recognition
Charles R. Jankowski, Jr. | Richard P. Lippmann

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Weight Estimation for N-Best Rescoring
Ashvin Kannan | Mari Ostendorf | J. Robin Rohlicek

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Augmenting With Slot Filler Relevancy Signatures Data
Ellen Riloff | Wendy Lehnert

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Language Understanding Research at Paramax
Deborah A. Dahl | Carl Weir | Suzanne Liebowitz Taylor | Lewis M. Norton | Marcia C. Linebarger | Mark Lipshutz

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Development of a Spoken Language System
John Makhoul | Madeleine Bates

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Robust Continuous Speech Recognition
John Makhoul | Richard Schwartz

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Robustness, Portability, and Scalability Language Systems
Ralph Weischedel

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Evaluating the Use of Prosodic Information in Speech Recognition and Understanding
Mari Ostendorf | Patti Price

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Segment-Based Acoustic Models with Multi-level Search Algorithms for Continuous Speech Recognition
Mari Ostendorf | J. Robin Rohlicek

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Microphone-Array Systems for Speech Recognition Input
Harvey F. Silverman

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Spoken-Language Research at Carnegie Mellon
Raj Reddy

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Extracting Constraints on Word Usage from Large Text Corpora
Kathleen McKeown | Diane Litman | Rebecca Passonneau

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Research in Continuous Speech Recognition at Dragon Systems Under the DARPA SLS Program
Janet Baker | Larry Gillick | Robert Roth

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Portable Software Modules for Speech Recognition (DARPA Phase II SBIR Contract DAAH01-91-C-R297)
John Shore

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Software Technology Transfer From SLS
David Talkin

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Spoken Language Recognition and Understanding
Victor Zue | Lynette Hirschman

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Evaluation and Analysis of Auditory Model Front Ends for Robust Speech Recognition Program Summary
Richard P. Lippmann

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Robust Continuous Speech Recognition Technology Program Summary
Clifford J. Weinstein | Douglas B. Paul

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NIST-DARPA Interagency Agreement: Spoken Language Program
David S. Pallett

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Evaluating Text Understanding Systems
Beth M. Sundheim

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Diderot: TIPSTER Program, Automatic Data Extraction from Text Utilizing Semantic Analysis
Y. Wilks | J. Pustejovsky | J. Cowie

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Pangloss: A Knowledge-based Machine Assisted Translation Research Project - Site
Y. Wilks

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The Consortium for Lexical Research
Y. Wilks

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Research in Natural Language Processing
Ralph Grishman

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WordNet: A Lexical Database for English
George A. Miller

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Annotation of ATIS Data
Kate Hunicke-Smith | Jared Bernstein

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CSR Data Collection Pilot
Denise Danielson | Jared Bernstein

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Real-Time Speech Recognition System
Mitchel Weintraub

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A Real-Time Spoken-Language System for Interactive Problem Solving
Patti Price | Robert C. Moore

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TACITUS: Research in Text Understanding
Jerry R. Hobbs

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NLP and Text Analysis at the University of Massachusetts
Wendy G. Lehnert

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Natural Language Research
Aravind Joshi | Mitch Marcus | Mark Steedman | Bonnie Webber

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In-Depth Knowledge-Based Machine Translation
Eduard Hovy