“端到端语音翻译需要解决源语言语音到目标语言文本的跨语言和跨模态映射,有限标注数据条件下,建立语音文本表征间的统一映射,缓解跨模态差异是提升语音翻译性能的关键。本文提出语音文本跨模态表征对齐方法,对语音文本表征进行多粒度对齐并进行混合作为并行输入,基于多模态表征的一致性约束进行多任务融合训练。在MuST-C数据集上的实验表明,本文所提方法优于现有端到端语音翻译跨模态表征相关方法,有效提升了语音翻译模型跨模态映射能力和翻译性能。”

Personalized review summarization in recommender systems is a challenging task of generating condensed summaries for product reviews while preserving the salient content of reviews. Recently, Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) have become a new paradigm in text generation for the strong ability of natural language comprehension. However, it is nontrivial to apply PLMs in personalized review summarization directly since there are rich personalized information (e.g., user preferences and product characteristics) to be considered, which is crucial to the salience estimation of input review. In this paper, we propose a pre-trained personalized review summarization method, which aims to effectively incorporate the personalized information of users and products into the salience estimation of the input reviews. We design a personalized encoder that could identify the salient contents of the input sequence by jointly considering the semantic and personalized information respectively (i.e., ratings, user and product IDs, and linguistic features), yielding personalized representations for the input reviews and history summaries separately. Moreover, we design an interactive information selection mechanism that further identifies the salient contents of the input reviews and selects relative information from the history summaries. The results on real-world datasets show that our method performs better than the state-of-the-art baselines and could generate more readable summaries.

Expert finding could help route questions to potential suitable users to answer in Community Question Answering (CQA) platforms. Hence it is essential to learn accurate representations of experts and questions according to the question text articles. Recently the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigms are powerful for natural language understanding, which has the potential for better question modeling and expert finding. Inspired by this, we propose a CQA-domain Contrastive Pre-training framework for Expert Finding, named CPEF, which could learn more comprehensive question representations. Specifically, considering that there is semantic complementation between question titles and bodies, during the domain pre-training phase, we propose a title-body contrastive learning task to enhance question representations, which directly treats the question title and the corresponding body as positive samples of each other, instead of designing extra data-augmentation strategies. Furthermore, a personalized tuning network is proposed to inject the personalized preferences of different experts during the fine-tuning phase. Extensive experimental results on six real-world datasets demonstrate that our method could achieve superior performance for expert finding.

“语音翻译的编码器需要同时编码语音中的声学和语义信息,单一的Fbank或Wav2vec2语音特征表征能力存在不足。本文通过分析人工的Fbank特征与自监督的Wav2vec2特征间的差异性,提出基于交叉注意力机制的声学特征融合方法,并探究了不同的自监督特征和融合方式,加强模型对语音中声学和语义信息的学习。结合越南语语音特点,以Fbank特征为主、Pitch特征为辅混合编码Fbank表征,构建多特征融合的越-英语音翻译模型。实验表明,使用多特征的语音翻译模型相比单特征翻译效果更优,与简单的特征拼接方法相比更有效,所提的多特征融合方法在越-英语音翻译任务上提升了1.97个BLEU值。”

“越南语为低资源语言,训练语料难以获取;流式端到端模型在训练过程中难以学习到外部大量文本中的语言知识,这些问题在一定程度上都限制了流式越南语语音识别模型的性能。因此,本文以越南语音节作为语言模型和流式越南语语音识别模型的建模单元,提出了一种将预训练越南语语言模型在训练阶段融合到流式语音识别模型的方法。在训练阶段,通过最小化预训练越南语语言模型和解码器的输出计算一个新的损失函数LAE D−LM ,帮助流式越南语语音识别模型学习一些越南语语言知识从而优化其模型参数;在解码阶段,使用孓孨孡孬孬孯孷 孆孵孳孩孯孮或者字孆孓孔技术再次融合预训练语言模型进一步提升模型识别率。实验结果表明,在孖孉孖孏孓数据集上,相比基线模型,在训练阶段融合语言模型可以将流式越南语语音识别模型的词错率提升嬲嬮嬴嬵嬥;在解码阶段使用孓孨孡孬孬孯孷 孆孵孳孩孯孮或字孆孓孔再次融合语言模型,还可以将模型词错率分别提升嬱嬮嬳嬵嬥和嬴嬮嬷嬵嬥。”