CIF-Bench: A Chinese Instruction-Following Benchmark for Evaluating the Generalizability of Large Language Models

Yizhi Li, Ge Zhang, Xingwei Qu, Jiali Li, Zhaoqun Li, Noah Wang, Hao Li, Ruibin Yuan, Yinghao Ma, Kai Zhang, Wangchunshu Zhou, Yiming Liang, Lei Zhang, Lei Ma, Jiajun Zhang, Zuowen Li, Wenhao Huang, Chenghua Lin, Jie Fu


Abstract
The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has enhanced the ability to generalize across a wide range of unseen natural language processing (NLP) tasks through instruction-following.Yet, their effectiveness often diminishes in low-resource languages like Chinese, exacerbated by biased evaluations from data leakage, casting doubt on their true generalizability to new linguistic territories. In response, we introduce the Chinese Instruction-Following Benchmark (**CIF-Bench**), designed to evaluate the zero-shot generalizability of LLMs to the Chinese language. CIF-Bench comprises 150 tasks and 15,000 input-output pairs, developed by native speakers to test complex reasoning and Chinese cultural nuances across 20 categories. To mitigate data contamination, we release only half of the dataset publicly, with the remainder kept private, and introduce diversified instructions to minimize score variance, totaling 45,000 data instances.Our evaluation of 28 selected LLMs reveals a noticeable performance gap, with the best model scoring only 52.9%, highlighting the limitations of LLMs in less familiar language and task contexts.This work not only uncovers the current limitations of LLMs in handling Chinese language tasks but also sets a new standard for future LLM generalizability research, pushing towards the development of more adaptable, culturally informed, and linguistically diverse models.
Anthology ID:
2024.findings-acl.739
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024
Month:
August
Year:
2024
Address:
Bangkok, Thailand and virtual meeting
Editors:
Lun-Wei Ku, Andre Martins, Vivek Srikumar
Venue:
Findings
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Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
12431–12446
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URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-acl.739
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Cite (ACL):
Yizhi Li, Ge Zhang, Xingwei Qu, Jiali Li, Zhaoqun Li, Noah Wang, Hao Li, Ruibin Yuan, Yinghao Ma, Kai Zhang, Wangchunshu Zhou, Yiming Liang, Lei Zhang, Lei Ma, Jiajun Zhang, Zuowen Li, Wenhao Huang, Chenghua Lin, and Jie Fu. 2024. CIF-Bench: A Chinese Instruction-Following Benchmark for Evaluating the Generalizability of Large Language Models. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024, pages 12431–12446, Bangkok, Thailand and virtual meeting. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
CIF-Bench: A Chinese Instruction-Following Benchmark for Evaluating the Generalizability of Large Language Models (Li et al., Findings 2024)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/nschneid-patch-4/2024.findings-acl.739.pdf