ConsistTL: Modeling Consistency in Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation
Zhaocong Li, Xuebo Liu, Derek F. Wong, Lidia S. Chao, Min Zhang
Abstract
Transfer learning is a simple and powerful method that can be used to boost model performance of low-resource neural machine translation (NMT). Existing transfer learning methods for NMT are static, which simply transfer knowledge from a parent model to a child model once via parameter initialization. In this paper, we propose a novel transfer learning method for NMT, namely ConsistTL, which can continuously transfer knowledge from the parent model during the training of the child model. Specifically, for each training instance of the child model, ConsistTL constructs the semantically-equivalent instance for the parent model and encourages prediction consistency between the parent and child for this instance, which is equivalent to the child model learning each instance under the guidance of the parent model. Experimental results on five low-resource NMT tasks demonstrate that ConsistTL results in significant improvements over strong transfer learning baselines, with a gain up to 1.7 BLEU over the existing back-translation model on the widely-used WMT17 Turkish-English benchmark. Further analysis reveals that ConsistTL can improve the inference calibration of the child model. Code and scripts are freely available at https://github.com/NLP2CT/ConsistTL.- Anthology ID:
- 2022.emnlp-main.574
- Volume:
- Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
- Month:
- December
- Year:
- 2022
- Address:
- Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Editors:
- Yoav Goldberg, Zornitsa Kozareva, Yue Zhang
- Venue:
- EMNLP
- SIG:
- Publisher:
- Association for Computational Linguistics
- Note:
- Pages:
- 8383–8394
- Language:
- URL:
- https://aclanthology.org/2022.emnlp-main.574
- DOI:
- 10.18653/v1/2022.emnlp-main.574
- Cite (ACL):
- Zhaocong Li, Xuebo Liu, Derek F. Wong, Lidia S. Chao, and Min Zhang. 2022. ConsistTL: Modeling Consistency in Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation. In Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 8383–8394, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Association for Computational Linguistics.
- Cite (Informal):
- ConsistTL: Modeling Consistency in Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation (Li et al., EMNLP 2022)
- PDF:
- https://preview.aclanthology.org/nschneid-patch-4/2022.emnlp-main.574.pdf