Generate & Rank: A Multi-task Framework for Math Word Problems

Jianhao Shen, Yichun Yin, Lin Li, Lifeng Shang, Xin Jiang, Ming Zhang, Qun Liu


Abstract
Math word problem (MWP) is a challenging and critical task in natural language processing. Many recent studies formalize MWP as a generation task and have adopted sequence-to-sequence models to transform problem descriptions to mathematical expressions. However, mathematical expressions are prone to minor mistakes while the generation objective does not explicitly handle such mistakes. To address this limitation, we devise a new ranking task for MWP and propose Generate & Rank, a multi-task framework based on a generative pre-trained language model. By joint training with generation and ranking, the model learns from its own mistakes and is able to distinguish between correct and incorrect expressions. Meanwhile, we perform tree-based disturbance specially designed for MWP and an online update to boost the ranker. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method on the benchmark and the results show that our method consistently outperforms baselines in all datasets. Particularly, in the classical Math23k, our method is 7% (78.4% to 85.4%) higher than the state-of-the-art. Code could be found at https://github.com/huawei-noah/noah-research.
Anthology ID:
2021.findings-emnlp.195
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021
Month:
November
Year:
2021
Address:
Punta Cana, Dominican Republic
Editors:
Marie-Francine Moens, Xuanjing Huang, Lucia Specia, Scott Wen-tau Yih
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
SIGDAT
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
2269–2279
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-emnlp.195
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.195
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Jianhao Shen, Yichun Yin, Lin Li, Lifeng Shang, Xin Jiang, Ming Zhang, and Qun Liu. 2021. Generate & Rank: A Multi-task Framework for Math Word Problems. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021, pages 2269–2279, Punta Cana, Dominican Republic. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Generate & Rank: A Multi-task Framework for Math Word Problems (Shen et al., Findings 2021)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/nschneid-patch-3/2021.findings-emnlp.195.pdf
Video:
 https://preview.aclanthology.org/nschneid-patch-3/2021.findings-emnlp.195.mp4
Data
MAWPSMath23K