A Neural Transition-based Joint Model for Disease Named Entity Recognition and Normalization

Zongcheng Ji, Tian Xia, Mei Han, Jing Xiao


Abstract
Disease is one of the fundamental entities in biomedical research. Recognizing such entities from biomedical text and then normalizing them to a standardized disease vocabulary offer a tremendous opportunity for many downstream applications. Previous studies have demonstrated that joint modeling of the two sub-tasks has superior performance than the pipelined counterpart. Although the neural joint model based on multi-task learning framework has achieved state-of-the-art performance, it suffers from the boundary inconsistency problem due to the separate decoding procedures. Moreover, it ignores the rich information (e.g., the text surface form) of each candidate concept in the vocabulary, which is quite essential for entity normalization. In this work, we propose a neural transition-based joint model to alleviate these two issues. We transform the end-to-end disease recognition and normalization task as an action sequence prediction task, which not only jointly learns the model with shared representations of the input, but also jointly searches the output by state transitions in one search space. Moreover, we introduce attention mechanisms to take advantage of the text surface form of each candidate concept for better normalization performance. Experimental results conducted on two publicly available datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Anthology ID:
2021.acl-long.219
Volume:
Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
August
Year:
2021
Address:
Online
Editors:
Chengqing Zong, Fei Xia, Wenjie Li, Roberto Navigli
Venues:
ACL | IJCNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
2819–2827
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.219
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2021.acl-long.219
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Zongcheng Ji, Tian Xia, Mei Han, and Jing Xiao. 2021. A Neural Transition-based Joint Model for Disease Named Entity Recognition and Normalization. In Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 2819–2827, Online. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
A Neural Transition-based Joint Model for Disease Named Entity Recognition and Normalization (Ji et al., ACL-IJCNLP 2021)
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