Plan-Grounded Large Language Models for Dual Goal Conversational Settings

Diogo Glória-Silva, Rafael Ferreira, Diogo Tavares, David Semedo, Joao Magalhaes


Abstract
Training Large Language Models (LLMs) to follow user instructions has shown to supply the LLM with ample capacity to converse fluently while being aligned with humans. Yet, it is not completely clear how an LLM can lead a plan-grounded conversation in mixed-initiative settings where instructions flow in both directions of the conversation, i.e. both the LLM and the user provide instructions to one another. In this paper, we tackle a dual goal mixed-initiative conversational setting where the LLM not only grounds the conversation on an arbitrary plan but also seeks to satisfy both a procedural plan and user instructions. The LLM is then responsible for guiding the user through the plan and, at the same time, adapting to new circumstances, answering questions, and activating safety guardrails when needed. We propose a novel LLM that grounds the dialogue on a procedural plan, can take the dialogue initiative, and enforces guardrails on the system’s behavior, while also improving the LLM’s responses to unexpected user behavior. Experiments in controlled settings and with real users show that the best-performing model, which we call PlanLLM, achieves a 2.1x improvement over a strong baseline. Moreover, experiments also show good generalization to unseen domains.
Anthology ID:
2024.eacl-long.77
Volume:
Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
March
Year:
2024
Address:
St. Julian’s, Malta
Editors:
Yvette Graham, Matthew Purver
Venue:
EACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
1271–1292
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-long.77
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Diogo Glória-Silva, Rafael Ferreira, Diogo Tavares, David Semedo, and Joao Magalhaes. 2024. Plan-Grounded Large Language Models for Dual Goal Conversational Settings. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 1271–1292, St. Julian’s, Malta. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Plan-Grounded Large Language Models for Dual Goal Conversational Settings (Glória-Silva et al., EACL 2024)
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