Rickets
Pronunciation
  • /ˈrɪkɪts/
SpecialtyPediatrics, rheumatology
SymptomsBowed legs, stunted growth, bone pain, large forehead, trouble sleeping
ComplicationsBone fractures, muscle spasms, abnormally curved spine, intellectual disability
Usual onsetChildhood
CausesDiet without enough vitamin D or calcium, dark skin, too little sun exposure, exclusive breastfeeding without supplementation, celiac disease, certain genetic conditions
Diagnostic methodBlood tests, X-rays
Differential diagnosisFanconi syndrome, scurvy, Lowe syndrome, osteomalacia
PreventionVitamin D supplements for exclusively-breastfed babies
TreatmentVitamin D and calcium
FrequencyRelatively common (Middle East, Africa, Asia)