Islamic Republic of Iran

جمهوری اسلامی ایران (Persian)
Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān
Capital
and largest city
Tehran
35°41′N 51°25′E / 35.683°N 51.417°E / 35.683; 51.417
Official languagesPersian
Recognised regional languages
List of languages
  • 53% Persian
  • 18% Azerbaijani and other Turkic dialects (incl. Qashqai, Turkmen)
  • 10% Kurdish
  • 7% Gilak and Mazanderani
  • 6% Lurish
  • 2% Balochi
  • 2% Arabic
  • 2% other (incl. Armenian, Assyrian, Georgian, Laki, Semnani, Talysh, Tati)
Ethnic groups
List of ethnicities
  • 61% Persian
  • 16% Azerbaijani
  • 10% Kurdish
  • 6% Lur (incl. Bakhtiari)
  • 2% Turkmen and other Turkic tribes
  • 2% Baloch
  • 2% Arab
  • 1% other
Religion
State religion:
Islam (Twelver Shia)
Constitutionally recognized minorities:
Islam (Hanafi, Shafi'i, Maliki, Hanbali, Zaydi),
Christianity (Armenian, Assyrian, Chaldean),
Judaism,
Zoroastrianism
Demonym(s)Iranian,
Persian (historically)
Governmentde jure:
Unitary Khomeinist presidential Islamic republic
de facto:
Theocratic-republican authoritarian unitary presidential republic subject to a Supreme Leader
• Supreme Leader
Ali Khamenei
• President
Hassan Rouhani
• First Vice President
Eshaq Jahangiri
• Parliament Speaker
Ali Larijani
• Chief Justice
Sadeq Larijani
• Upper house
Expediency Discernment Council
Guardian Council
• Lower house
Islamic Consultative Assembly