2012
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Modality and Negation in SIMT Use of Modality and Negation in Semantically-Informed Syntactic MT
Kathryn Baker
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Michael Bloodgood
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Bonnie J. Dorr
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Chris Callison-Burch
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Nathaniel W. Filardo
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Christine Piatko
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Lori Levin
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Scott Miller
Computational Linguistics, Volume 38, Issue 2 - June 2012
2010
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A Modality Lexicon and its use in Automatic Tagging
Kathryn Baker
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Michael Bloodgood
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Bonnie Dorr
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Nathaniel W. Filardo
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Lori Levin
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Christine Piatko
Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'10)
This paper describes our resource-building results for an eight-week JHU Human Language Technology Center of Excellence Summer Camp for Applied Language Exploration (SCALE-2009) on Semantically-Informed Machine Translation. Specifically, we describe the construction of a modality annotation scheme, a modality lexicon, and two automated modality taggers that were built using the lexicon and annotation scheme. Our annotation scheme is based on identifying three components of modality: a trigger, a target and a holder. We describe how our modality lexicon was produced semi-automatically, expanding from an initial hand-selected list of modality trigger words and phrases. The resulting expanded modality lexicon is being made publicly available. We demonstrate that one tagger―a structure-based tagger―results in precision around 86% (depending on genre) for tagging of a standard LDC data set. In a machine translation application, using the structure-based tagger to annotate English modalities on an English-Urdu training corpus improved the translation quality score for Urdu by 0.3 Bleu points in the face of sparse training data.
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Semantically-Informed Syntactic Machine Translation: A Tree-Grafting Approach
Kathryn Baker
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Michael Bloodgood
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Chris Callison-Burch
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Bonnie Dorr
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Nathaniel Filardo
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Lori Levin
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Scott Miller
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Christine Piatko
Proceedings of the 9th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas: Research Papers
We describe a unified and coherent syntactic framework for supporting a semantically-informed syntactic approach to statistical machine translation. Semantically enriched syntactic tags assigned to the target-language training texts improved translation quality. The resulting system significantly outperformed a linguistically naive baseline model (Hiero), and reached the highest scores yet reported on the NIST 2009 Urdu-English translation task. This finding supports the hypothesis (posed by many researchers in the MT community, e.g., in DARPA GALE) that both syntactic and semantic information are critical for improving translation quality—and further demonstrates that large gains can be achieved for low-resource languages with different word order than English.
2003
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Source language diagnostics for MT
Teruko Mitamura
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Kathryn Baker
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David Svoboda
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Eric Nyberg
Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit IX: Papers
This paper presents a source language diagnostic system for controlled translation. Diagnostics were designed and implemented to address the most difficult rewrites for authors, based on an empirical analysis of log files containing over 180,000 sentences. The design and implementation of the diagnostic system are presented, along with experimental results from an empirical evaluation of the completed system. We found that the diagnostic system can correctly identify the problem in 90.2% of the cases. In addition, depending on the type of grammar problem, the diagnostic system may offer a rewritten sentence. We found that 89.4% of the rewritten sentences were correctly rewritten. The results suggest that these methods could be used as the basis for an automatic rewriting system in the future.
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An integrated system for source language checking, analysis and term management
Eric Nyberg
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Teruko Mitamura
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David Svoboda
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Jeongwoo Ko
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Kathryn Baker
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Jeffrey Micher
Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit IX: System Presentations
This paper presents an overview of the tools provided by KANTOO MT system for controlled source language checking, source text analysis, and terminology management. The steps in each process are described, and screen images are provided to illustrate the system architecture and example tool interfaces.
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Diagnostics for interactive controlled language checking
Teruko Mitamura
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Kathryn Baker
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Eric Nyberg
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David Svoboda
EAMT Workshop: Improving MT through other language technology tools: resources and tools for building MT
2002
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Pronominal anaphora resolution in the KANTOO multilingual machine translation system
Teruko Mitamura
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Eric Nyberg
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Enrique Torrejon
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Dave Svoboda
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Annelen Brunner
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Kathryn Baker
Proceedings of the 9th Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages: Papers
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Deriving semantic knowledge from descriptive texts using an MT system
Eric Nyberg
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Teruko Mitamura
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Kathryn Baker
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David Svoboda
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Brian Peterson
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Jennifer Williams
Proceedings of the 5th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas: Technical Papers
This paper describes the results of a feasibility study which focused on deriving semantic networks from descriptive texts using controlled language. The KANT system [3,6] was used to analyze input paragraphs, producing sentence-level interlingua representations. The interlinguas were merged to construct a paragraph-level representation, which was used to create a semantic network in Conceptual Graph (CG) [1] format. The interlinguas are also translated (using the KANTOO generator) into OWL statements for entry into the Ontology Works electrical power factbase [9]. The system was extended to allow simple querying in natural language.
2001
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Pronominal anaphora resolution in KANTOO English-to-Spanish machine translation system
Teruko Mitamura
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Eric Nyberg
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Enrique Torrejon
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David Svoboda
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Kathryn Baker
Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit VIII
We describe the automatic resolution of pronominal anaphora using KANT Controlled English (KCE) and the KANTOO English-to-Spanish MT system. Our algorithm is based on a robust, syntax-based approach that applies a set of restrictions and preferences to select the correct antecedent. We report a success rate of 89.6% on a training corpus with 289 anaphors, and 87.5% on held-out data containing 145 anaphors. Resolution of anaphors is important in translation, due to gender mismatches among languages; our approach translates anaphors to Spanish with 97.2% accuracy.
1994
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Coping With Ambiguity in a Large-Scale Machine Translation System
Kathryn L. Baker
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Alexander M. Franz
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Pamela W. Jordan
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Teruko Mitamura
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Eric H. Nyberg
COLING 1994 Volume 1: The 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics