@inproceedings{picinini-castilho-2025-context,
    title = "Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation",
    author = "Picinini, Silvio  and
      Castilho, Sheila",
    editor = "Bouillon, Pierrette  and
      Gerlach, Johanna  and
      Girletti, Sabrina  and
      Volkart, Lise  and
      Rubino, Raphael  and
      Sennrich, Rico  and
      Farinha, Ana C.  and
      Gaido, Marco  and
      Daems, Joke  and
      Kenny, Dorothy  and
      Moniz, Helena  and
      Szoc, Sara",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XX: Volume 1",
    month = jun,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Geneva, Switzerland",
    publisher = "European Association for Machine Translation",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/mtsummit-25-ingestion/2025.mtsummit-1.11/",
    pages = "138--149",
    ISBN = "978-2-9701897-0-1",
    abstract = "This paper explores the potential of context-aware monolingual evaluation for assessing machine translation (MT) when no source is given for reference. To this end, we compare monolingual with bilingual evaluations (with source text), under two scenarios: the evaluation of a single MT system, and the comparative evaluation of pairwise MT systems. Four professional translators performed both monolingual and bilingual evaluations by assigning ratings and annotating errors, and providing feedback on their experience. Our findings suggest that context-aware monolingual evaluation achieves comparable outcomes to bilingual evaluations, and highlight the feasibility and potential of monolingual evaluation as an efficient approach to assessing MT."
}