@inproceedings{zhao-etal-2025-layered,
    title = "A Layered Debating Multi-Agent System for Similar Disease Diagnosis",
    author = "Zhao, Yutian  and
      Wang, Huimin  and
      Zheng, Yefeng  and
      Wu, Xian",
    editor = "Chiruzzo, Luis  and
      Ritter, Alan  and
      Wang, Lu",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 2: Short Papers)",
    month = apr,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/moar-dois/2025.naacl-short.46/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.naacl-short.46",
    pages = "539--549",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-190-2",
    abstract = "Distinguishing between extremely similar diseases is a critical and challenging aspect of clinical decision-making. Traditional classification, contrastive learning, and Large Language Models (LLMs) based methods fail to detect the subtle clues necessary for differentiation. This task demands complex reasoning and a variety of tools to identify minor differences and make informed decisions. This paper probes a novel framework that leverages LLMs and a multi-agent system to achieve accurate disease diagnosis through a process of repeated debate and reassessment. The approach aims to identify subtle differences between similar disease candidates. We structure patient information and integrate extensive medical knowledge to guide the analysis towards discerning these differences for precise diagnosis. Comprehensive experiments were conducted on two public datasets and two newly introduced datasets, JarvisD2-Chinese and JarvisD2-English, to validate the effectiveness of our method. The results confirm the efficacy of our approach, demonstrating its potential to enhance diagnostic precision in healthcare."
}