Adversarial Propagation and Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer of Word Vector Specialization

Edoardo Maria Ponti, Ivan Vulić, Goran Glavaš, Nikola Mrkšić, Anna Korhonen


Abstract
Semantic specialization is a process of fine-tuning pre-trained distributional word vectors using external lexical knowledge (e.g., WordNet) to accentuate a particular semantic relation in the specialized vector space. While post-processing specialization methods are applicable to arbitrary distributional vectors, they are limited to updating only the vectors of words occurring in external lexicons (i.e., seen words), leaving the vectors of all other words unchanged. We propose a novel approach to specializing the full distributional vocabulary. Our adversarial post-specialization method propagates the external lexical knowledge to the full distributional space. We exploit words seen in the resources as training examples for learning a global specialization function. This function is learned by combining a standard L2-distance loss with a adversarial loss: the adversarial component produces more realistic output vectors. We show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method across three languages and on three tasks: word similarity, dialog state tracking, and lexical simplification. We report consistent improvements over distributional word vectors and vectors specialized by other state-of-the-art specialization frameworks. Finally, we also propose a cross-lingual transfer method for zero-shot specialization which successfully specializes a full target distributional space without any lexical knowledge in the target language and without any bilingual data.
Anthology ID:
D18-1026
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
October-November
Year:
2018
Address:
Brussels, Belgium
Editors:
Ellen Riloff, David Chiang, Julia Hockenmaier, Jun’ichi Tsujii
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
SIGDAT
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
282–293
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/D18-1026
DOI:
10.18653/v1/D18-1026
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Edoardo Maria Ponti, Ivan Vulić, Goran Glavaš, Nikola Mrkšić, and Anna Korhonen. 2018. Adversarial Propagation and Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer of Word Vector Specialization. In Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 282–293, Brussels, Belgium. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Adversarial Propagation and Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer of Word Vector Specialization (Ponti et al., EMNLP 2018)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ml4al-ingestion/D18-1026.pdf
Code
 cambridgeltl/adversarial-postspec