Jiaxing Shao

Also published as: 佳兴


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2024

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基于两阶段提示学习的少样本命名实体识别(Two-Stage Prompt Learning for Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition)
Jiaxing Shao (邵佳兴) | Qi Huang (黄琪) | Cong Xiao (肖聪) | Jing Liu (刘璟) | Wenbing Luo (罗文兵) | Mingwen Wang (王明文)
Proceedings of the 23rd Chinese National Conference on Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Main Conference)

“少样本命名实体识别旨在用少量的标注数据来识别命名实体。近年来受提示学习在少样本场景中表现良好性能的启发,本文探索了基于提示的少样本命名实体识别的方法。已有的基于提示学习的方法是通过列举所有可能的跨度来进行实体识别,这导致了计算成本高以及对实体边界信息未充分利用的问题。本文提出一种基于提示学习的两阶段框架TSP-Few,在不使用源域数据的情况下,进行少样本命名实体识别。第一阶段对种子跨度进行增强、过滤和扩展,其中种子增强模块能够让种子跨度捕获到更丰富的语义信息,种子过滤器能够减少大量的无关跨度,种子扩展模块能够充分利用实体的边界信息,为实体类型分类提供高质量的候选实体跨度。第二阶段利用提示学习方法预测候选跨度的相应类别。此外,为了缓解跨度检测阶段的错误累积,在实体分类阶段引入了负采样策略。跨度检测和实体类型分类任务的独立训练更容易在少样本情况下取得优异的性能。在三个基准数据集上的实验表明,与先进的方法相比,本文提出的方法在性能上有了进一步的提升,并且实验结果也表明了该文模型各个模块的有效性。”