LLMSR@XLLM25: Less is More: Enhancing Structured Multi-Agent Reasoning via Quality-Guided Distillation

Jiahao Yuan, Xingzhe Sun, Xing Yu, Jingwen Wang, Dehui Du, Zhiqing Cui, Zixiang Di


Abstract
The LLMSR@XLLM25 formulates a low-resource structural reasoning task that challenges LLMs to generate interpretable, step-by-step rationales with minimal labeled data. We present Less is More, the third-place winning approach in the LLMSR@XLLM25, which focuses on structured reasoning from only 24 labeled examples. Our approach leverages a multi-agent framework with reverse-prompt induction, retrieval-augmented reasoning synthesis via GPT-4o, and dual-stage reward-guided filtering to distill high-quality supervision across three subtasks: question parsing, CoT parsing, and step-level verification. All modules are fine-tuned from Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct under a unified LoRA+ setup. By combining structure validation with reward filtering across few-shot and zero-shot prompts, our pipeline consistently improves structure reasoning quality. These results underscore the value of controllable data distillation in enhancing structured inference under low-resource constraints. Our code is available at https://github.com/JhCircle/Less-is-More.
Anthology ID:
2025.xllm-1.23
Volume:
Proceedings of the 1st Joint Workshop on Large Language Models and Structure Modeling (XLLM 2025)
Month:
August
Year:
2025
Address:
Vienna, Austria
Editors:
Hao Fei, Kewei Tu, Yuhui Zhang, Xiang Hu, Wenjuan Han, Zixia Jia, Zilong Zheng, Yixin Cao, Meishan Zhang, Wei Lu, N. Siddharth, Lilja Øvrelid, Nianwen Xue, Yue Zhang
Venues:
XLLM | WS
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
274–282
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URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/landing_page/2025.xllm-1.23/
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Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Jiahao Yuan, Xingzhe Sun, Xing Yu, Jingwen Wang, Dehui Du, Zhiqing Cui, and Zixiang Di. 2025. LLMSR@XLLM25: Less is More: Enhancing Structured Multi-Agent Reasoning via Quality-Guided Distillation. In Proceedings of the 1st Joint Workshop on Large Language Models and Structure Modeling (XLLM 2025), pages 274–282, Vienna, Austria. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
LLMSR@XLLM25: Less is More: Enhancing Structured Multi-Agent Reasoning via Quality-Guided Distillation (Yuan et al., XLLM 2025)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/landing_page/2025.xllm-1.23.pdf