A Method for Studying Semantic Construal in Grammatical Constructions with Interpretable Contextual Embedding Spaces

Gabriella Chronis, Kyle Mahowald, Katrin Erk


Abstract
We study semantic construal in grammatical constructions using large language models. First, we project contextual word embeddings into three interpretable semantic spaces, each defined by a different set of psycholinguistic feature norms. We validate these interpretable spaces and then use them to automatically derive semantic characterizations of lexical items in two grammatical constructions: nouns in subject or object position within the same sentence, and the AANN construction (e.g., ‘a beautiful three days’). We show that a word in subject position is interpreted as more agentive than the very same word in object position, and that the nouns in the AANN construction are interpreted as more measurement-like than when in the canonical alternation. Our method can probe the distributional meaning of syntactic constructions at a templatic level, abstracted away from specific lexemes.
Anthology ID:
2023.acl-long.14
Volume:
Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
July
Year:
2023
Address:
Toronto, Canada
Editors:
Anna Rogers, Jordan Boyd-Graber, Naoaki Okazaki
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
242–261
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.acl-long.14
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.acl-long.14
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Gabriella Chronis, Kyle Mahowald, and Katrin Erk. 2023. A Method for Studying Semantic Construal in Grammatical Constructions with Interpretable Contextual Embedding Spaces. In Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 242–261, Toronto, Canada. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
A Method for Studying Semantic Construal in Grammatical Constructions with Interpretable Contextual Embedding Spaces (Chronis et al., ACL 2023)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/landing_page/2023.acl-long.14.pdf
Video:
 https://preview.aclanthology.org/landing_page/2023.acl-long.14.mp4