@inproceedings{nguyen-etal-2017-sub,
    title = "Sub-character Neural Language Modelling in {J}apanese",
    author = "Nguyen, Viet  and
      Brooke, Julian  and
      Baldwin, Timothy",
    editor = "Faruqui, Manaal  and
      Schuetze, Hinrich  and
      Trancoso, Isabel  and
      Yaghoobzadeh, Yadollah",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the First Workshop on Subword and Character Level Models in {NLP}",
    month = sep,
    year = "2017",
    address = "Copenhagen, Denmark",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/jlcl-multiple-ingestion/W17-4122/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W17-4122",
    pages = "148--153",
    abstract = "In East Asian languages such as Japanese and Chinese, the semantics of a character are (somewhat) reflected in its sub-character elements. This paper examines the effect of using sub-characters for language modeling in Japanese. This is achieved by decomposing characters according to a range of character decomposition datasets, and training a neural language model over variously decomposed character representations. Our results indicate that language modelling can be improved through the inclusion of sub-characters, though this result depends on a good choice of decomposition dataset and the appropriate granularity of decomposition."
}