@inproceedings{eguchi-kyle-2023-span,
    title = "Span Identification of Epistemic Stance-Taking in Academic Written {E}nglish",
    author = "Eguchi, Masaki  and
      Kyle, Kristopher",
    editor = {Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Tack, Ana{\"i}s  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng  and
      Zesch, Torsten},
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA 2023)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2023",
    address = "Toronto, Canada",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/jlcl-multiple-ingestion/2023.bea-1.35/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.bea-1.35",
    pages = "429--442",
    abstract = "Responding to the increasing need for automated writing evaluation (AWE) systems to assess language use beyond lexis and grammar (Burstein et al., 2016), we introduce a new approach to identify rhetorical features of stance in academic English writing. Drawing on the discourse-analytic framework of engagement in the Appraisal analysis (Martin {\&} White, 2005), we manually annotated 4,688 sentences (126,411 tokens) for eight rhetorical stance categories (e.g., PROCLAIM, ATTRIBUTION) and additional discourse elements. We then report an experiment to train machine learning models to identify and categorize the spans of these stance expressions. The best-performing model (RoBERTa + LSTM) achieved macro-averaged F1 of .7208 in the span identification of stance-taking expressions, slightly outperforming the intercoder reliability estimates before adjudication (F1 = .6629)."
}