@inproceedings{carroll-weir-1997-encoding,
    title = "Encoding Frequency Information in Lexicalized Grammars",
    author = "Carroll, John  and
      Weir, David",
    editor = "Nijholt, Anton  and
      Berwick, Robert C.  and
      Bunt, Harry C.  and
      Carpenter, Bob  and
      Hajicova, Eva  and
      Johnson, Mark  and
      Joshi, Aravind  and
      Kaplan, Ronald  and
      Kay, Martin  and
      Lang, Bernard  and
      Lavie, Alon  and
      Nagao, Makoto  and
      Steedman, Mark  and
      Tomita, Masaru  and
      Vijay-Shanker, K.  and
      Weir, David  and
      Wittenburg, Kent  and
      Wiren, Mats",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Parsing Technologies",
    month = sep # " 17-20",
    year = "1997",
    address = "Boston/Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/jlcl-multiple-ingestion/1997.iwpt-1.6/",
    pages = "8--17",
    abstract = "We address the issue of how to associate frequency information with lexicalized grammar formalisms, using Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar as a representative framework. We consider systematically a number of alternative probabilistic frameworks, evaluating their adequacy from both a theoretical and empirical perspective using data from existing large treebanks. We also propose three orthogonal approaches fo r backing off probability estimates to cope with the large number of parameters involved."
}