Trond Trosterud


2024

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The Ethical Question – Use of Indigenous Corpora for Large Language Models
Linda Wiechetek | Flammie A. Pirinen | Børre Gaup | Trond Trosterud | Maja Lisa Kappfjell | Sjur Moshagen
Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)

Creating language technology based on language data has become very popular with the recent advances of large language models and neural network technologies. This makes language resources very valuable, and especially in case of indigenous languages, the scarce resources are even more precious. Given the good results of simply fetching everything you can from the internet and feeding it to neural networks in English, there has been more work on doing the same for all languages. However, indigenous language resources as they are on the web are not comparable in that they would encode the most recent normativised language in all its aspects. This problematic is further due to not understanding the texts input to models or output by models by the people who work on them. Corpora also have intelligent property rights and copyrights that are not respected. Furthermore, the web is filled with the result of language model -generated texts. In this article we describe an ethical and sustainable way to work with indigenous languages.

2023

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Proceedings of the NoDaLiDa 2023 Workshop on Constraint Grammar - Methods, Tools and Applications
Eckhard Bick | Trond Trosterud | Tanel Alumäe
Proceedings of the NoDaLiDa 2023 Workshop on Constraint Grammar - Methods, Tools and Applications

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To ð or not to ð - A Faroese CG-based grammar checker targeting ð errors
Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the NoDaLiDa 2023 Workshop on Constraint Grammar - Methods, Tools and Applications

Many errors in Faroese writing are linked to the letter ð, a letter which has no corresponding phoneme, and is always omitted intervocally and wordfinally after a vowel. It plays an important role in the written language, disambiguating homophone but not homograph forms like infinitive kasta ‘throw’ from its participle kastað. Since adding a hypercorrect ð or erroneously omitting it often results in an existing word, these errors cannot be captured by ordinary spellcheckers. The article presents a grammar checker targeting ð errors, and discusses challenges related to false alarms.

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Correcting well-known interference errors – Towards a L2 grammar checker for Inari Saami
Trond Trosterud | Marja-Liisa Olthuis | Linda Wiechetek
Proceedings of the NoDaLiDa 2023 Workshop on Constraint Grammar - Methods, Tools and Applications

We present GramDivvun, the first Inari Saami grammar checker for L2 users. The grammar checker is an important tool in the revitalisation of the language, in particular for strengthening the literary language. As the Inari Saami language community needs language tools predominantly for language learners, the focus is on grammatical interference errors made by (mostly Finnish-speaking) learners. Six of these errors are featured in the first version of the grammar checker. For non-proofread text written by inexperienced writers, precision is good, 73%. With experienced text and proofread text, alarms are rare but precision considerably lower, 19.5 % on average, but varying considerably between the error types. The paper discusses reasons for this variation. Future plans are improving results by means of increased testing, especially for complex sentences, and eventually also including more error types.

2022

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Unmasking the Myth of Effortless Big Data - Making an Open Source Multi-lingual Infrastructure and Building Language Resources from Scratch
Linda Wiechetek | Katri Hiovain-Asikainen | Inga Lill Sigga Mikkelsen | Sjur Moshagen | Flammie Pirinen | Trond Trosterud | Børre Gaup
Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference

Machine learning (ML) approaches have dominated NLP during the last two decades. From machine translation and speech technology, ML tools are now also in use for spellchecking and grammar checking, with a blurry distinction between the two. We unmask the myth of effortless big data by illuminating the efforts and time that lay behind building a multi-purpose corpus with regard to collecting, mark-up and building from scratch. We also discuss what kind of language technology minority languages actually need, and to what extent the dominating paradigm has been able to deliver these tools. In this context we present our alternative to corpus-based language technology, which is knowledge-based language technology, and we show how this approach can provide language technology solutions for languages being outside the reach of machine learning procedures. We present a stable and mature infrastructure (GiellaLT) containing more than hundred languages and building a number of language technology tools that are useful for language communities.

2021

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Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Computational Linguistics of Uralic Languages
Flammie A Pirinen | Timofey Arhangelskiy | Trond Trosterud | Michael Rießler
Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Computational Linguistics of Uralic Languages

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Overview of Open-Source Morphology Development for the Komi-Zyrian Language: Past and future
Jack Rueter | Niko Partanen | Mika Hämäläinen | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Computational Linguistics of Uralic Languages

2018

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Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Computational Linguistics of Uralic Languages
Tommi A. Pirinen | Michael Rießler | Jack Rueter | Trond Trosterud | Francis M. Tyers
Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Computational Linguistics of Uralic Languages

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Modeling Northern Haida Verb Morphology
Jordan Lachler | Lene Antonsen | Trond Trosterud | Sjur Moshagen | Antti Arppe
Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018)

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Building a Constraint Grammar Parser for Plains Cree Verbs and Arguments
Katherine Schmirler | Antti Arppe | Trond Trosterud | Lene Antonsen
Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018)

2017

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A Morphological Parser for Odawa
Dustin Bowers | Antti Arppe | Jordan Lachler | Sjur Moshagen | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on the Use of Computational Methods in the Study of Endangered Languages

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North-Sámi to Finnish rule-based machine translation system
Tommi Pirinen | Francis M. Tyers | Trond Trosterud | Ryan Johnson | Kevin Unhammer | Tiina Puolakainen
Proceedings of the 21st Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics

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Machine translation with North Saami as a pivot language
Lene Antonsen | Ciprian Gerstenberger | Maja Kappfjell | Sandra Nystø Rahka | Marja-Liisa Olthuis | Trond Trosterud | Francis M. Tyers
Proceedings of the 21st Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics

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Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Uralic Languages
Francis M. Tyers | Michael Rießler | Tommi A. Pirinen | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Uralic Languages

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A morphological analyser for Kven
Sindre Reino Trosterud | Trond Trosterud | Anna-Kaisa Räisänen | Leena Niiranen | Mervi Haavisto | Kaisa Maliniemi
Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Uralic Languages

2014

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Modeling the Noun Morphology of Plains Cree
Conor Snoek | Dorothy Thunder | Kaidi Lõo | Antti Arppe | Jordan Lachler | Sjur Moshagen | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the 2014 Workshop on the Use of Computational Methods in the Study of Endangered Languages

2013

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Using Finite State Transducers for Making Efficient Reading Comprehension Dictionaries
Ryan Johnson | Lene Antonsen | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the 19th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics (NODALIDA 2013)

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Building an Open-Source Development Infrastructure for Language Technology Projects
Sjur N. Moshagen | Tommi Pirinen | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the 19th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics (NODALIDA 2013)

2012

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Evaluating North Sámi to Norwegian assimilation RBMT
Trond Trosterud | Kevin Brubeck Unhammer
Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation

2010

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Reusing Grammatical Resources for New Languages
Lene Antonsen | Trond Trosterud | Linda Wiechetek
Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'10)

Grammatical approaches to language technology are often considered less optimal than statistical approaches in multilingual settings, where large-scale portability becomes an important issue. The present paper argues that there is a notable gain in reusing grammatical resources when porting technology to new languages. The pivot language is North Sámi, and the paper discusses portability with respect to the closely related Lule and South Sámi, and to the unrelated Faroese and Greenlandic languages.

2009

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Developing Prototypes for Machine Translation between Two Sami Languages
Francis M. Tyers | Linda Wiechetek | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation

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Reuse of free resources in machine translation between Nynorsk and Bokmål
Kevin Unhammer | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation

We describe the development of a two-way shallow-transfer machine translation system between Norwegian Nynorsk and Norwegian Bokma ̊l built on the Apertium platform, using the Free and Open Source resources Norsk Ordbank and the Oslo–Bergen Constraint Grammar tagger. We detail the integration of these and other resources in the system along with the construction of the lexical and structural transfer, and evaluate the translation quality in comparison with another system. Finally, some future work is suggested.

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Interactive pedagogical programs based on constraint grammar
Lene Antonsen | Saara Huhmarniemi | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the 17th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics (NODALIDA 2009)

2008

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Finite State Solutions For Reduplication In Kinyarwanda Language
Jackson Muhirwe | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the IJCNLP-08 Workshop on NLP for Less Privileged Languages

2007

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Usage of XSL Stylesheets for the Annotation of the Sámi Language Corpora.
Saara Huhmarniemi | Sjur N. Moshagen | Trond Trosterud
Proceedings of the Linguistic Annotation Workshop