Lukas Menzel


2024

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Predicting Item Difficulty and Item Response Time with Scalar-mixed Transformer Encoder Models and Rational Network Regression Heads
Sebastian Gombert | Lukas Menzel | Daniele Di Mitri | Hendrik Drachsler
Proceedings of the 19th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA 2024)

This paper describes a contribution to the BEA 2024 Shared Task on Automated Prediction of Item Difficulty and Response Time. The participants in this shared task are to develop models for predicting the difficulty and response time of multiple-choice items in the medical field. These items were taken from the United States Medical Licensing Examination® (USMLE®), a high-stakes medical exam. For this purpose, we evaluated multiple BERT-like pre-trained transformer encoder models, which we combined with Scalar Mixing and two custom 2-layer classification heads using learnable Rational Activations as an activation function, each for predicting one of the two variables of interest in a multi-task setup. Our best models placed first out of 43 for predicting item difficulty and fifth out of 34 for predicting Item Response Time.