@inproceedings{johan-berggren-etal-2019-regression,
    title = "Regression or classification? Automated Essay Scoring for {N}orwegian",
    author = "Johan Berggren, Stig  and
      Rama, Taraka  and
      {\O}vrelid, Lilja",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/iwcs-25-ingestion/W19-4409/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4409",
    pages = "92--102",
    abstract = "In this paper we present first results for the task of Automated Essay Scoring for Norwegian learner language. We analyze a number of properties of this task experimentally and assess (i) the formulation of the task as either regression or classification, (ii) the use of various non-neural and neural machine learning architectures with various types of input representations, and (iii) applying multi-task learning for joint prediction of essay scoring and native language identification. We find that a GRU-based attention model trained in a single-task setting performs best at the AES task."
}