@inproceedings{xie-etal-2018-cost,
    title = "Cost-Sensitive Active Learning for Dialogue State Tracking",
    author = "Xie, Kaige  and
      Chang, Cheng  and
      Ren, Liliang  and
      Chen, Lu  and
      Yu, Kai",
    editor = "Komatani, Kazunori  and
      Litman, Diane  and
      Yu, Kai  and
      Papangelis, Alex  and
      Cavedon, Lawrence  and
      Nakano, Mikio",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 19th Annual {SIG}dial Meeting on Discourse and Dialogue",
    month = jul,
    year = "2018",
    address = "Melbourne, Australia",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/iwcs-25-ingestion/W18-5022/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W18-5022",
    pages = "209--213",
    abstract = "Dialogue state tracking (DST), when formulated as a supervised learning problem, relies on labelled data. Since dialogue state annotation usually requires labelling all turns of a single dialogue and utilizing context information, it is very expensive to annotate all available unlabelled data. In this paper, a novel cost-sensitive active learning framework is proposed based on a set of new dialogue-level query strategies. This is the first attempt to apply active learning for dialogue state tracking. Experiments on DSTC2 show that active learning with mixed data query strategies can effectively achieve the same DST performance with significantly less data annotation compared to traditional training approaches."
}