Yufei Xu
2025
ToolHop: A Query-Driven Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Multi-Hop Tool Use
Junjie Ye
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Zhengyin Du
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Xuesong Yao
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Weijian Lin
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Yufei Xu
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Zehui Chen
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Zaiyuan Wang
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Sining Zhu
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Zhiheng Xi
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Siyu Yuan
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Tao Gui
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Qi Zhang
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Xuanjing Huang
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Jiecao Chen
Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Effective evaluation of multi-hop tool use is critical for analyzing the understanding, reasoning, and function-calling capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, progress has been hindered by a lack of reliable evaluation datasets. To address this, we present ToolHop, a dataset comprising 995 user queries and 3,912 associated tools, specifically designed for rigorous evaluation of multi-hop tool use. ToolHop ensures diverse queries, meaningful interdependencies, locally executable tools, detailed feedback, and verifiable answers through a novel query-driven data construction approach that includes tool creation, document refinement, and code generation. We evaluate 14 LLMs across five model families (i.e., LLaMA3.1, Qwen2.5, Gemini1.5, Claude3.5, and GPT), uncovering significant challenges in handling multi-hop tool-use scenarios. The leading model, GPT-4o, achieves an accuracy of 49.04%, underscoring substantial room for improvement. Further analysis reveals variations in tool-use strategies for various families, offering actionable insights to guide the development of more effective approaches. Code and data can be found in https://huggingface.co/datasets/bytedance-research/ToolHop.
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- Zehui Chen 1
- Jiecao Chen 1
- Zhengyin Du 1
- Tao Gui 1
- Xuan-Jing Huang (黄萱菁) 1
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