@inproceedings{pulido-etal-2025-speak,
    title = "{I} Speak for the {\'A}rboles: Developing a Dependency Treebank for {S}panish {L}2 and Heritage Speakers",
    author = "Pulido, Emiliana  and
      Pugh, Robert  and
      Liu, Zoey",
    editor = "Zhao, Jin  and
      Wang, Mingyang  and
      Liu, Zhu",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 4: Student Research Workshop)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingestion-acl-25/2025.acl-srw.56/",
    pages = "814--822",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-254-1",
    abstract = "We introduce the first dependency treebank containing Universal Dependencies (UD) annotations for Spanish learner writing from the UC Davis COWSL2H corpus. Our annotations include lemmatization, POS tagging, and syntactic dependencies. We adapt the existing UD framework for Spanish L1 to account forlearner-specific features such as code-switching and non-canonical syntax. A suite of parsing evaluation experiments shows that parsers trained on learner data together with moderate sizes of Spanish L1 data can yield reasonable performance. Our annotations are openly accessible to motivate future development of learner-oriented language technologies."
}