Colloquial Singaporean English Style Transfer with Fine-Grained Explainable Control

Jinggui Liang, Dung Vo, Yap Hong Xian, Hai Leong Chieu, Kian Ming A. Chai, Jing Jiang, Lizi Liao


Abstract
Colloquial Singaporean English (Singlish) is an informal English marked by a unique blend of languages reflecting Singapore’s multicultural identity. Style transfer between Singlish and Standard (formal) English is vital for various applications, yet existing methods often lack explainability and fine-grained control. To fill this gap, we contribute in two key ways. First, we construct a large, high-quality dataset of formal and informal sentences, annotated across six linguistic aspects—Syntax, Lexical Borrowing, Pragmatics, Prosody/Phonology, Emoticons/Punctuation, and Code-Switching—with detailed explanations. Starting with manually annotated cases, we scaled the dataset to 140K with ensured quality. Second, inspired by the “Society of Mind” theory, we propose a novel multi-agent framework where large language models (LLMs) act as expert agents for each linguistic aspect. These agents collaborate by iteratively generating, critiquing, and refining responses to achieve controlled, explainable style transfer. Both automatic metrics and human evaluations confirm that our method enables precise, interpretable transformations, advancing explainability in NLP for Singlish.
Anthology ID:
2025.acl-long.1309
Volume:
Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
July
Year:
2025
Address:
Vienna, Austria
Editors:
Wanxiang Che, Joyce Nabende, Ekaterina Shutova, Mohammad Taher Pilehvar
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
26962–26983
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingestion-acl-25/2025.acl-long.1309/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Jinggui Liang, Dung Vo, Yap Hong Xian, Hai Leong Chieu, Kian Ming A. Chai, Jing Jiang, and Lizi Liao. 2025. Colloquial Singaporean English Style Transfer with Fine-Grained Explainable Control. In Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 26962–26983, Vienna, Austria. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Colloquial Singaporean English Style Transfer with Fine-Grained Explainable Control (Liang et al., ACL 2025)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingestion-acl-25/2025.acl-long.1309.pdf