Zero-Shot Cross-Sentential Scientific Relation Extraction via Entity-Guided Summarization

Vani Kanjirangat, Fabio Rinaldi


Abstract
Structured information extraction (IE) from scientific abstracts is increasingly leveraging large language models (LLMs). A crucial step in IE is relation extraction (RE), which becomes challenging when entity relations span sentences. Traditional path-based methods, such as shortest dependency paths, are often unable to handle cross-sentential relations effectively. Although LLMs have been utilized as zero-shot learners for IE tasks, they continue to struggle with capturing long-range dependencies and multi-hop reasoning. In this work, we propose using GPT as a zero-shot entity-guided summarizer to encapsulate cross-sentential context into a single-sentence summary for relation extraction. We perform intrinsic evaluations, comparing our approach against direct zero-shot prompting on biomedical scientific abstracts. On the Chemical-Disease Relation (CDR) dataset, our method achieves a 7-point improvement in overall F-score and 6 points for cross-sentential relations. On the Gene-Disease Association (GDA) dataset, we observe an 8-point gain for inter-sentential relations. These results demonstrate that entity-guided summarization with GPT can enhance zero-shot biomedical RE, supporting more effective structured information extraction from scientific texts.
Anthology ID:
2025.wasp-main.4
Volume:
Proceedings of the Third Workshop for Artificial Intelligence for Scientific Publications
Month:
December
Year:
2025
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Mumbai, India and virtual
Editors:
Alberto Accomazzi, Tirthankar Ghosal, Felix Grezes, Kelly Lockhart
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WASP | WS
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Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
22–33
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URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-ijcnlp-aacl/2025.wasp-main.4/
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Cite (ACL):
Vani Kanjirangat and Fabio Rinaldi. 2025. Zero-Shot Cross-Sentential Scientific Relation Extraction via Entity-Guided Summarization. In Proceedings of the Third Workshop for Artificial Intelligence for Scientific Publications, pages 22–33, Mumbai, India and virtual. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Zero-Shot Cross-Sentential Scientific Relation Extraction via Entity-Guided Summarization (Kanjirangat & Rinaldi, WASP 2025)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-ijcnlp-aacl/2025.wasp-main.4.pdf