@inproceedings{aarnes-setty-2025-numpert,
    title = "{N}um{P}ert: Numerical Perturbations to Probe Language Models for Veracity Prediction",
    author = "Aarnes, Peter R{\o}ysland  and
      Setty, Vinay",
    editor = "T.y.s.s, Santosh  and
      Shimizu, Shuichiro  and
      Gong, Yifan",
    booktitle = "The 14th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and The 4th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    month = dec,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Mumbai, India",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-ijcnlp-aacl/2025.ijcnlp-srw.8/",
    pages = "78--95",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-304-3",
    abstract = "Large language models show strong performance on knowledge intensive tasks such as fact checking and question answering, yet they often struggle with numerical reasoning. We present a systematic evaluation of state-of-the-art models for veracity prediction on numerical claims and evidence pairs using controlled perturbations, including label flipping probes, to test robustness. Our results indicate that even leading proprietary systems experience accuracy drops of up to 62{\%} under certain perturbations. No model proves to be robust across all conditions. We further find that increasing context length generally reduces accuracy, but when extended context is enriched with perturbed demonstrations, most models substantially recover. These findings highlight critical limitations in numerical fact-checking and suggest that robustness remains an open challenge for current language models."
}