@inproceedings{kumar-etal-2025-lrmgs,
    title = "{LRMGS}: A Language-Robust Metric for Evaluating Question Answering in Very Low-Resource {I}ndic Languages",
    author = "Kumar, Anuj  and
      Ahlawat, Satyadev  and
      Prasad, Yamuna  and
      Singh, Virendra",
    editor = "T.y.s.s, Santosh  and
      Shimizu, Shuichiro  and
      Gong, Yifan",
    booktitle = "The 14th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and The 4th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    month = dec,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Mumbai, India",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-ijcnlp-aacl/2025.ijcnlp-srw.7/",
    pages = "66--77",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-304-3",
    abstract = "Reliable evaluation of Question Answering (QA) systems in low-resource Indic languages presents a significant challenge due to limited annotated datasets, linguistic diversity, and suitable evaluation metrics. Languages such as Sindhi, Manipuri, Dogri, Konkani, and Maithili are particularly underrepresented, creating difficulty in assessing Large Language Models (LLMs) on QA tasks. Existing metrics, including BLEU, ROUGE-L, and BERTScore, are effective in machine translation and high-resource settings; however, they often fail in low-resource QA due to score compression, zero-inflation, and poor scale alignment. To overcome this, LRMGS (Language-Robust Metric for Generative QA) is introduced to capture semantic and lexical agreement while preserving the score scale across languages. LRMGS is evaluated across 8 Indic languages and multiple LLMs, demonstrating consistently higher concordance with reference-based chrF++ scores, measured using the Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC). Experimental results indicate that LRMGS provides more accurate discrimination of system performance in very low-resource languages compared to existing metrics. This work establishes a robust and interpretable framework for evaluating QA systems in low-resource Indic languages, supporting more reliable multilingual model assessment."
}