@inproceedings{zhuang-etal-2025-adaptive,
    title = "Adaptive Collaborative Labeling with {MLLM}s for Low-Resource Multimodal Emotion Recognition",
    author = "Zhuang, Wenwen  and
      Xiang, Lu  and
      Tang, Shubei  and
      Zhang, Yaping  and
      Zhou, Yu",
    editor = "Inui, Kentaro  and
      Sakti, Sakriani  and
      Wang, Haofen  and
      Wong, Derek F.  and
      Bhattacharyya, Pushpak  and
      Banerjee, Biplab  and
      Ekbal, Asif  and
      Chakraborty, Tanmoy  and
      Singh, Dhirendra Pratap",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 4th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    month = dec,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Mumbai, India",
    publisher = "The Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing and The Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-ijcnlp-aacl/2025.ijcnlp-long.152/",
    pages = "2837--2853",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-298-5",
    abstract = "Multimodal emotion recognition (MER) plays a crucial role in human-centric AI applications, yet existing models struggle in low-resource scenarios due to their heavy reliance on large amounts of high-quality labeled data. To address this challenge, we propose Adaptive Collaborative Labeling for Low-Resource MER (ACL-MER), a novel framework that leverages off-the-shelf multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to effectively exploit abundant unlabeled data. Specifically, ACL-MER incorporates a diverse teacher model zoo, wherein each MLLM specializes in a specific modality and is prompted to generate chain-of-thought predictions accompanied by scalar confidence scores. Rather than directly adopting these pseudo-labels, ACL-MER introduces an adaptive refinement strategy that selectively distills knowledge based on teacher confidence, iteratively guiding the lightweight student model toward robust learning under limited supervision. Extensive experiments on two benchmarks demonstrate that ACL-MER consistently outperforms strong baselines, especially in extremely low-resource settings."
}