Mahmud Wasif Nafee
2025
Dynamic Retriever for In-Context Knowledge Editing via Policy Optimization
Mahmud Wasif Nafee
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Maiqi Jiang
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Haipeng Chen
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Yanfu Zhang
Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Large language models (LLMs) excel at factual recall yet still propagate stale or incorrect knowledge. In‐context knowledge editing offers a gradient-free remedy suitable for black-box APIs, but current editors rely on static demonstration sets chosen by surface-level similarity, leading to two persistent obstacles: (i) a quantity–quality trade-off, and (ii) lack of adaptivity to task difficulty. We address these issues by dynamically selecting supporting demonstrations according to their utility for the edit. We propose **D**ynamic **R**etriever for **I**n-Context **K**nowledge **E**diting (DR-IKE), a lightweight framework that (1) trains a BERT retriever with REINFORCE to rank demonstrations by editing reward, and (2) employs a *learnable threshold σ* to prune low-value examples, shortening the prompt when the edit is easy and expanding it when the task is hard. DR-IKE performs editing without modifying model weights, relying solely on forward passes for compatibility with black-box LLMs. On the CounterFact benchmark, it improves edit success by up to 17.1%, reduces latency by 41.6%, and preserves accuracy on unrelated queries—demonstrating scalable and adaptive knowledge editing.