@inproceedings{krieger-2010-general,
    title = "A General Methodology for Equipping Ontologies with Time",
    author = "Krieger, Hans-Ulrich",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Choukri, Khalid  and
      Maegaard, Bente  and
      Mariani, Joseph  and
      Odijk, Jan  and
      Piperidis, Stelios  and
      Rosner, Mike  and
      Tapias, Daniel",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC}'10)",
    month = may,
    year = "2010",
    address = "Valletta, Malta",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association (ELRA)",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/L10-1012/",
    abstract = "In the first part of this paper, we present a framework for enriching arbitrary upper or domain-specific ontologies with a concept of time. To do so, we need the notion of a time slice. Contrary to other approaches, we directly interpret the original entities as time slices in order to (i) avoid a duplication of the original ontology and (ii) to prevent a knowledge engineer from ontology rewriting. The diachronic representation of time is complemented by a sophisticated time ontology that supports underspecification and an arbitrarily fine granularity of time. As a showcase, we describe how the time ontology has been interfaced with the PROTON upper ontology. The second part investigates a temporal extension of RDF that replaces the usual triple notation by a more general tuple representation. In this setting, Hayes/ter Horst-like entailment rules are replaced by their temporal counterparts. Our motivation to move towards this direction is twofold: firstly, extending binary relation instances with time leads to a massive proliferation of useless objects (independently of the encoding); secondly, reasoning and querying with such extended relations is extremely complex, expensive, and error-prone."
}