Friend or Foe? A Computational Investigation of Semantic False Friends across Romance Languages

Ana Sabina Uban, Liviu P Dinu, Ioan-Bogdan Iordache, Simona Georgescu, Claudia Vlad


Abstract
In this paper we present a comprehensive analysis of lexical semantic divergence between cognate words and borrowings in the Romance languages. We experiment with different algorithms for false friend detection including deceptive cognate and deceptive borrowings and correction and evaluate them systematically on cognate and borrowing pairs in the five Romance languages. We use the most complete and reliable dataset of cognate words based on etymological dictionaries for the five main Romance languages (Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French and Romanian) to extract deceptive cognates and borrowings automatically based on usage, and freely publish the lexicon of obtained true and deceptive cognate and borrowings in every Romance language pair.
Anthology ID:
2025.emnlp-main.773
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
November
Year:
2025
Address:
Suzhou, China
Editors:
Christos Christodoulopoulos, Tanmoy Chakraborty, Carolyn Rose, Violet Peng
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
15309–15323
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/2025.emnlp-main.773/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Ana Sabina Uban, Liviu P Dinu, Ioan-Bogdan Iordache, Simona Georgescu, and Claudia Vlad. 2025. Friend or Foe? A Computational Investigation of Semantic False Friends across Romance Languages. In Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 15309–15323, Suzhou, China. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Friend or Foe? A Computational Investigation of Semantic False Friends across Romance Languages (Uban et al., EMNLP 2025)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/2025.emnlp-main.773.pdf
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