JUDGEBERT: Assessing Legal Meaning Preservation Between Sentences

David Beauchemin, Michelle Albert-Rochette, Richard Khoury, Pierre-Luc Déziel


Abstract
Simplifying text while preserving its meaning is a complex yet essential task, especially in sensitive domain applications like legal texts. When applied to a specialized field, like the legal domain, preservation differs significantly from its role in regular texts. This paper introduces FrJUDGE, a new dataset to assess legal meaning preservation between two legal texts. It also introduces JUDGEBERT, a novel evaluation metric designed to assess legal meaning preservation in French legal text simplification. JUDGEBERT demonstrates a superior correlation with human judgment compared to existing metrics. It also passes two crucial sanity checks, while other metrics did not: For two identical sentences, it always returns a score of 100%; on the other hand, it returns 0% for two unrelated sentences. Our findings highlight its potential to transform legal NLP applications, ensuring accuracy and accessibility for text simplification for legal practitioners and lay users.
Anthology ID:
2025.emnlp-main.5
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
November
Year:
2025
Address:
Suzhou, China
Editors:
Christos Christodoulopoulos, Tanmoy Chakraborty, Carolyn Rose, Violet Peng
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
92–118
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/2025.emnlp-main.5/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
David Beauchemin, Michelle Albert-Rochette, Richard Khoury, and Pierre-Luc Déziel. 2025. JUDGEBERT: Assessing Legal Meaning Preservation Between Sentences. In Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 92–118, Suzhou, China. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
JUDGEBERT: Assessing Legal Meaning Preservation Between Sentences (Beauchemin et al., EMNLP 2025)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/2025.emnlp-main.5.pdf
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