@inproceedings{cheon-kang-2025-countdown,
    title = "{COUNTDOWN}: Contextually Sparse Activation Filtering Out Unnecessary Weights in Down Projection",
    author = "Cheon, Jaewon  and
      Kang, Pilsung",
    editor = "Christodoulopoulos, Christos  and
      Chakraborty, Tanmoy  and
      Rose, Carolyn  and
      Peng, Violet",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = nov,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Suzhou, China",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/2025.emnlp-main.1442/",
    pages = "28381--28397",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-332-6",
    abstract = "The growing size of large language models has created significant computational inefficiencies. To address this challenge, sparse activation selectively deactivates non-essential parameters during inference, reducing computational costs in FFNN layers. While existing methods focus on non-linear gating mechanisms, we hypothesize that the sparsity of the FFNN layer lies globally in the form of a linear combination over its internal down projection matrix. Based on this insight, we propose two methods: M-COUNTDOWN, leveraging indirect coefficients, and D-COUNTDOWN, utilizing direct coefficients of the linear combination. Experimental results demonstrate that D-COUNTDOWN can omit 90{\%} of computations with performance loss as low as 5.5{\%} ideally, while M-COUNTDOWN provides a predictor-free solution with up to 29.4{\%} better performance preservation compared to existing methods. Our specialized kernel implementations effectively realize these theoretical gains into substantial real-world acceleration."
}