SMART: Scalable Multilingual Approach for a Robust TOD System

Karan Malhotra, Arihant Jain, Purav Aggarwal, Anoop Saladi


Abstract
Task-Oriented Dialogue (TOD) systems have become increasingly important for real-world applications, yet existing frameworks face significant challenges in handling unstructured information, providing multilingual support, and engaging proactively. We propose SMART (Scalable Multilingual Approach for a Robust TOD System), a novel TOD framework that effectively addresses these limitations. SMART combines traditional pipeline elements with modern agent-based approaches, featuring a simplified dialogue state, intelligent clarification mechanisms, and a unified natural language generation component that eliminates response redundancy. Through comprehensive evaluation on troubleshooting and medical domains, we demonstrate that SMART outperforms baseline systems across key metrics. The system’s modular approach enables efficient scaling to new languages, as demonstrated through Spanish and Arabic languages. Integration of SMART in an e-commerce store resulted in reduction in product return rates, highlighting its industry impact. Our results establish SMART as an effective approach for building robust, scalable TOD systems that meet real-world requirements.
Anthology ID:
2025.emnlp-industry.108
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: Industry Track
Month:
November
Year:
2025
Address:
Suzhou (China)
Editors:
Saloni Potdar, Lina Rojas-Barahona, Sebastien Montella
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
1543–1554
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/2025.emnlp-industry.108/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Karan Malhotra, Arihant Jain, Purav Aggarwal, and Anoop Saladi. 2025. SMART: Scalable Multilingual Approach for a Robust TOD System. In Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: Industry Track, pages 1543–1554, Suzhou (China). Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
SMART: Scalable Multilingual Approach for a Robust TOD System (Malhotra et al., EMNLP 2025)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/2025.emnlp-industry.108.pdf