@article{mielke-etal-2022-reducing,
    title = "Reducing Conversational Agents' Overconfidence Through Linguistic Calibration",
    author = "Mielke, Sabrina J.  and
      Szlam, Arthur  and
      Dinan, Emily  and
      Boureau, Y-Lan",
    editor = "Roark, Brian  and
      Nenkova, Ani",
    journal = "Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    volume = "10",
    year = "2022",
    address = "Cambridge, MA",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-emnlp/2022.tacl-1.50/",
    doi = "10.1162/tacl_a_00494",
    pages = "857--872",
    abstract = "While improving neural dialogue agents' factual accuracy is the object of much research, another important aspect of communication, less studied in the setting of neural dialogue, is transparency about ignorance. In this work, we analyze to what extent state-of-the-art chit-chat models are linguistically calibrated in the sense that their verbalized expression of doubt (or confidence) matches the likelihood that the model{'}s responses are factually incorrect (or correct). We find that these models are poorly calibrated, yet we show that likelihood of correctness can accurately be predicted. By incorporating such metacognitive features into the training of a controllable generation model, we obtain a dialogue agent with greatly improved linguistic calibration."
}