Human values are of great concern to social sciences which refer to when people have different beliefs and priorities of what is generally worth striving for and how to do so. This paper presents an approach for human value argument mining using contrastive learning to leverage the isotropy of language models. We fine-tuned DeBERTa-Large in a multi-label classification fashion and achieved an F1 score of 49% for the task, resulting in a rank of 11. Our proposed model provides a valuable tool for analyzing arguments related to human values and highlights the significance of leveraging the isotropy of large language models for identifying human values.

The intended sarcasm cannot be understood until the listener observes that the text’s literal meaning violates truthfulness. Consequently, words and meanings play an essential role in specifying sarcasm. Enriched feature extraction techniques were proposed to capture both words and meanings in the contexts. Due to the overlapping features in sarcastic and non-sarcastic texts, a CNN model extracts local features from the combined class-dependent statistical embedding of sarcastic texts with contextualized embedding. Another component BiLSTM extracts long dependencies from combined non-sarcastic statistical and contextualized embeddings. This work combines a classifier that uses the combined high-level features of CNN and BiLSTM for sarcasm detection to produce the final predictions. The experimental analysis presented in this paper shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The simple question answering over the knowledge graph concerns answering single-relation questions by querying the facts in the knowledge graph. This task has drawn significant attention in recent years. However, there is a demand for a simple question dataset in the Persian language to study open-domain simple question answering. In this paper, we present the first Persian single-relation question answering dataset and a model that uses a knowledge graph as a source of knowledge to answer questions. We create the ParsSimpleQA dataset semi-automatically in two steps. First, we build single-relation question templates. Next, we automatically create simple questions and answers using templates, entities, and relations from Farsbase. To present the reliability of the presented dataset, we proposed a simple question-answering system that receives questions and uses deep learning and information retrieval techniques for answering questions. The experimental results presented in this paper show that the ParsSimpleQA dataset is very promising for the Persian simple question-answering task.

Toxic Spans Detection(TSD) task is defined as highlighting spans that make a text toxic. Many works have been done to classify a given comment or document as toxic or non-toxic. However, none of those proposed models work at the token level. In this paper, we propose a self-attention-based bidirectional gated recurrent unit(BiGRU) with a multi-embedding representation of the tokens. Our proposed model enriches the representation by a combination of GPT-2, GloVe, and RoBERTa embeddings, which led to promising results. Experimental results show that our proposed approach is very effective in detecting span tokens.