Manh Luong


2025

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Graph-Score: A Graph-grounded Metric for Audio Captioning
Manh Luong | Gholamreza Haffari | Dinh Phung | Lizhen Qu
Proceedings of The 23rd Annual Workshop of the Australasian Language Technology Association

Evaluating audio captioning systems is a challenging problem since the evaluation process must consider numerous semantic alignments of candidate captions, such as sound event matching and the temporal relationship among them. The existing metrics fail to take these alignments into account as they consider either statistical overlap (BLEU, SPICE, CIDEr) or latent representation similarity (FENSE). To tackle the aforementioned issues of the current metrics, we propose the graph-score, which grounds audio captions to semantic graphs, for better measuring the performance of AAC systems. Our proposed metric achieves the highest agreement with human judgment on the pairwise benchmark datasets. Furthermore, we contribute high-quality benchmark datasets to make progress in developing evaluation metrics for the audio captioning task.